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LILIANLILIAN

““Mrs. Semple read a little--not much. She had a Mrs. Semple read a little--not much. She had a habit of sitting and apparently brooding habit of sitting and apparently brooding reflectively at times, but it was not based on reflectively at times, but it was not based on any deep thought. She had that curious beauty any deep thought. She had that curious beauty of body, though, that made her somewhat like of body, though, that made her somewhat like a figure on an antique vase, or out of a Greek a figure on an antique vase, or out of a Greek chorus.” chorus.”

GREEK/ROMAN ALLUSIONS inGREEK/ROMAN ALLUSIONS inTHE FINANCIER&THE TITANTHE FINANCIER&THE TITAN

AILEENAILEEN

““She paused, looking at him with a straight, She paused, looking at him with a straight, clear, vigorous glance. He liked the medallion clear, vigorous glance. He liked the medallion sharpness of her features--their smooth, Greek sharpness of her features--their smooth, Greek modeling.”modeling.”

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ANTOINETTEANTOINETTE““Her head had some of the sharpness of the old Greek Her head had some of the sharpness of the old Greek

coinage, and her hair was plaited as in ancient cut coinage, and her hair was plaited as in ancient cut stone.”stone.”

BERENICEBERENICE““One of her chief delights was to walk alone in her One of her chief delights was to walk alone in her

room--sometimes at night, the lamp out, the moon room--sometimes at night, the lamp out, the moon perhaps faintly illuminating her chamber--and to pose perhaps faintly illuminating her chamber--and to pose and survey her body, and dance in some naive, and survey her body, and dance in some naive, graceful, airy Greek way a dance that was singularly graceful, airy Greek way a dance that was singularly free from sex consciousness--and yet was it? free from sex consciousness--and yet was it?

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““For Berenice, also, was a music-rack full For Berenice, also, was a music-rack full ofclassic music and song collections, a piano, ofclassic music and song collections, a piano, a shelf of favoritebooks, painting-materials, a shelf of favoritebooks, painting-materials, various athletic implements, and severaltypes various athletic implements, and severaltypes of Greek dancing-tunics which she had of Greek dancing-tunics which she had designed herself,including sandals and fillet designed herself,including sandals and fillet for her hair.” for her hair.”

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Berenice and BraxmarBerenice and Braxmar

““She paused, perfectly poised, yet quite moved She paused, perfectly poised, yet quite moved really, as charminga figure as one would have really, as charminga figure as one would have wished to see--part Greek, partOriental--wished to see--part Greek, partOriental--contemplative, calculating.” contemplative, calculating.”

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PALACE: ROMAN/ITALIAN/GREEK TUNES PALACE: ROMAN/ITALIAN/GREEK TUNES

““In the new house, on a scaffold one day, a In the new house, on a scaffold one day, a famous sculptor and hisassistants were at work famous sculptor and hisassistants were at work on a Greek frieze which represented on a Greek frieze which represented dancingnymphs linked together by looped dancingnymphs linked together by looped wreaths.” wreaths.”

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PALACE: ROMAN/ITALIAN/GREEK TUNESPALACE: ROMAN/ITALIAN/GREEK TUNES

““After the passing of the years neithera modified Gothic After the passing of the years neithera modified Gothic (such as his Philadelphia house had been), nora (such as his Philadelphia house had been), nora conventionalized Norman-French, after the style of conventionalized Norman-French, after the style of his MichiganAvenue home, seemed suitable to him. his MichiganAvenue home, seemed suitable to him. Only the Italian palaces ofmedieval or Renaissance Only the Italian palaces ofmedieval or Renaissance origin which he had seen abroad now appealed to him origin which he had seen abroad now appealed to him as examples of what a stately residence should be.” as examples of what a stately residence should be.”

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CELLINICELLINI

BENVENUTO CELLINI was one of the enigmatic, larger-BENVENUTO CELLINI was one of the enigmatic, larger-than-life figures of the Italian Renaissance: a celebrated than-life figures of the Italian Renaissance: a celebrated sculptor, goldsmith, author and soldier, but also a hooligan sculptor, goldsmith, author and soldier, but also a hooligan and even avenging killer.and even avenging killer.

Much of Cellini's notoriety, and perhaps even fame, Much of Cellini's notoriety, and perhaps even fame, derives from his memoirs, begun in 1558 and abandoned in derives from his memoirs, begun in 1558 and abandoned in 1562, which were published posthumously under the title 1562, which were published posthumously under the title The Autobiography of Benvenuto CelliniThe Autobiography of Benvenuto Cellini. As noted by one . As noted by one biographer, "His amours and hatreds, his passions and biographer, "His amours and hatreds, his passions and delights, his love of the sumptuous and the exquisite in art, delights, his love of the sumptuous and the exquisite in art, his self-applause and self-assertion, make this one of the his self-applause and self-assertion, make this one of the most singular and fascinating books in existence."most singular and fascinating books in existence."

METHODS METHODS

OUTER&INNER FORCESOUTER&INNER FORCES

ROMEO AND JULIETROMEO AND JULIETPROLOGUEPROLOGUE

Two households, both alike in dignity,Two households, both alike in dignity, In fair Verona, where we lay our scene,In fair Verona, where we lay our scene, From ancient grudge break to new mutiny,From ancient grudge break to new mutiny, Where civil blood makes civil hands unclean.Where civil blood makes civil hands unclean. From forth the fatal loins of these two foesFrom forth the fatal loins of these two foes A pair of star-cross'd lovers take their life;A pair of star-cross'd lovers take their life; Whole misadventured piteous overthrowsWhole misadventured piteous overthrows Do with their death bury their parents' strife.Do with their death bury their parents' strife. The fearful passage of their death-mark'd love,The fearful passage of their death-mark'd love, And the continuance of their parents' rage,And the continuance of their parents' rage, Which, but their children's end, nought could remove,Which, but their children's end, nought could remove, Is now the two hours' traffic of our stage;Is now the two hours' traffic of our stage; The which if you with patient ears attend,The which if you with patient ears attend, What here shall miss, our toil shall strive to mend. What here shall miss, our toil shall strive to mend.

CRITICS ABOUT CRITICS ABOUT FATE&CHANCEFATE&CHANCE

““the illiterate servant who sought Romeo’s the illiterate servant who sought Romeo’s aid in reading names of those invited would aid in reading names of those invited would never guess the connection between his never guess the connection between his request and the catastrophe.” request and the catastrophe.”

CRITICS ABOUT CRITICS ABOUT FATE&CHANCEFATE&CHANCE

“ “Mercutio found himself quite by chance in Mercutio found himself quite by chance in this place that was to be fatal to him; only an this place that was to be fatal to him; only an unhappy sequence of events causes Tybalt to unhappy sequence of events causes Tybalt to hit to him…” hit to him…”

ROMEOROMEO

Why, then, O brawling love! O loving hate!Why, then, O brawling love! O loving hate!

O any thing, of nothing first create!O any thing, of nothing first create!

O heavy lightness! serious vanity!O heavy lightness! serious vanity!

Mis-shapen chaos of well-seeming forms!Mis-shapen chaos of well-seeming forms!

Feather of lead, bright smoke, cold fire, sick Feather of lead, bright smoke, cold fire, sick health!health! Still-waking sleep, that is not what Still-waking sleep, that is not what it is!it is! This love feel I, that feel no love in this. This love feel I, that feel no love in this.

ROMEOROMEO

I fear, too early: for my mind misgivesI fear, too early: for my mind misgivesSome consequence yet hanging in the starsSome consequence yet hanging in the starsShall bitterly begin his fearful dateShall bitterly begin his fearful dateWith this night's revels and expire the termWith this night's revels and expire the termOf a despised life closed in my breastOf a despised life closed in my breastBy some vile forfeit of untimely death.By some vile forfeit of untimely death.But He, that hath the steerage of my course,But He, that hath the steerage of my course,Direct my sail! On, lusty gentlemen. Direct my sail! On, lusty gentlemen.

ROMEOROMEO

A torch for me. Let wantons light of heartA torch for me. Let wantons light of heart

Tickle the senseless rushes with their heels,Tickle the senseless rushes with their heels,

For I am proverbed with a grandsire phrase:For I am proverbed with a grandsire phrase:

I'll be a candle holder and look on,I'll be a candle holder and look on,

The game was ne'er so fair, and I am done. The game was ne'er so fair, and I am done.

ROMEOROMEO

Amen, amen! but come what sorrow can,Amen, amen! but come what sorrow can,

It cannot countervail the exchange of joyIt cannot countervail the exchange of joy

That one short minute gives me in her sight:That one short minute gives me in her sight:

Do thou but close our hands with holy words,Do thou but close our hands with holy words,

Then love-devouring death do what he dare;Then love-devouring death do what he dare;

It is enough I may but call her mine. It is enough I may but call her mine.

FRIAR LAURENCE FRIAR LAURENCE Virtue itself turns vice, being misapplied;Virtue itself turns vice, being misapplied; And vice sometimes by action dignified.And vice sometimes by action dignified. Within the infant rind of this small flowerWithin the infant rind of this small flower Poison Poison

hath residence and medicine power:hath residence and medicine power: For this, being smelt, with that part cheers each part;For this, being smelt, with that part cheers each part;

Being tasted, slays all senses with the heart.Being tasted, slays all senses with the heart. Two such opposed kings encamp them stillTwo such opposed kings encamp them still In man as well as herbs, grace and rude will;In man as well as herbs, grace and rude will; And where the worser is predominant,And where the worser is predominant, Full soon the canker death eats up that plant. Full soon the canker death eats up that plant.

FRIAR LAURENCE FRIAR LAURENCE Before Laurence had begun to undertake something, he could have approached a Before Laurence had begun to undertake something, he could have approached a

predisposition of the situation by using some positional/relational parameters.(All predisposition of the situation by using some positional/relational parameters.(All the parameters are taken from “SelecteTopics in Indeterministic Systems” by Aron the parameters are taken from “SelecteTopics in Indeterministic Systems” by Aron Katsenelinboigen.)Katsenelinboigen.)

1 Proximity - remoteness1 Proximity - remoteness The 'enemies' live in the same city that determines the frequency of their conflicts. The 'enemies' live in the same city that determines the frequency of their conflicts.

(-10)(-10) 22 Permeability Permeability The householders did not erect any borders between their possessions. They also The householders did not erect any borders between their possessions. They also

did not make any difference in their clothes in purpose to distinguish the 'enemy'. did not make any difference in their clothes in purpose to distinguish the 'enemy'. And, of course, they did not have on any identification marks leading by the same And, of course, they did not have on any identification marks leading by the same reason. (-10)reason. (-10)

3 Compatibility 3 Compatibility At least, the householders had no religion disagreement which was the most At least, the householders had no religion disagreement which was the most

important problem of incompatibility at those times. (+8)important problem of incompatibility at those times. (+8) 4 Preponderance4 Preponderance There are not any urges towards numerical superiority and not any struggle of There are not any urges towards numerical superiority and not any struggle of

sphere of influence in the play. (+8)sphere of influence in the play. (+8) At the same time, no one takes into account the prince of Verona's fighting At the same time, no one takes into account the prince of Verona's fighting

prohibition. The people also do not obey their leaders. (-10) prohibition. The people also do not obey their leaders. (-10)

FRIAR LAURENCE FRIAR LAURENCE 5 Traditionalism5 Traditionalism There are no other explanations about the character of the hostility but its There are no other explanations about the character of the hostility but its

traditionalism. (-10)traditionalism. (-10) 6 Sensitiveness6 Sensitiveness The 'leaders' are 'sensitive' to the quarrels. They are involved in to them. (-10)The 'leaders' are 'sensitive' to the quarrels. They are involved in to them. (-10) 7 Jumpiness - smoothness7 Jumpiness - smoothness The hostility can be characterized by 'jumpiness'. It is determined by the characters The hostility can be characterized by 'jumpiness'. It is determined by the characters

which are predisposed to fighting.(-5)which are predisposed to fighting.(-5) 8. Mobility – the stationary.8. Mobility – the stationary. The hostility is stationary. (-10)The hostility is stationary. (-10) 9. Alternatives9. Alternatives All the participants have an alternative not to be involved into quarrels. (+10)All the participants have an alternative not to be involved into quarrels. (+10) 10. Localization10. Localization--distributiondistribution The 'feud' is spread around Verona. (-10)The 'feud' is spread around Verona. (-10) 11. Specifics11. Specifics The hostility has no specific field. (-10)The hostility has no specific field. (-10)

FRIAR LAURENCE FRIAR LAURENCE 12. Monopolization 12. Monopolization Prince of Verona is presented as a person who has a power to Prince of Verona is presented as a person who has a power to

judge. (+10)judge. (+10) 13. Diversity - uniformity.13. Diversity - uniformity. There is a little doubt about the only method of solving the There is a little doubt about the only method of solving the

problem of the hostility. Probably for such heroes as Tybald problem of the hostility. Probably for such heroes as Tybald Juliet's marriage would not have been an obstacle to proceed Juliet's marriage would not have been an obstacle to proceed fighting. (-10)fighting. (-10)

14. Orderliness - disorderliness.14. Orderliness - disorderliness. There are no tactics or strategies elaborated by the leaders. There are no tactics or strategies elaborated by the leaders.

The hostility goes spontaneously. (-10)The hostility goes spontaneously. (-10) 15. Reversibility - irreversibility. 15. Reversibility - irreversibility. The hostility has predisposition to be reversible. (+10)The hostility has predisposition to be reversible. (+10)

FRIAR LAURENCE FRIAR LAURENCE In analyzing such parameters friar Laurence could have In analyzing such parameters friar Laurence could have

realized that hostility in Verona was nothing but an realized that hostility in Verona was nothing but an old tradition and may be his task was to change the old tradition and may be his task was to change the tradition. He had to understand the unconditional tradition. He had to understand the unconditional high value of tradition for everybody in order to high value of tradition for everybody in order to apply a new peaceful tradition to Verona. The apply a new peaceful tradition to Verona. The hostility was nothing else but the situation with hostility was nothing else but the situation with dangerous potential. If some one was predisposed to dangerous potential. If some one was predisposed to fight he could do it easily because of the tradition. As fight he could do it easily because of the tradition. As we remember the heroes given to fighting used any we remember the heroes given to fighting used any trifling occasion to start fighting. Changing of the trifling occasion to start fighting. Changing of the tradition obviously can not entail an essential change tradition obviously can not entail an essential change of the characters but is able to shift heroes' behavior. of the characters but is able to shift heroes' behavior.

FRIAR LAURENCE FRIAR LAURENCE Even if he had thought probabilistically, he would have referred Even if he had thought probabilistically, he would have referred

to prince of Verona as the most powerful person who was able to prince of Verona as the most powerful person who was able to maintain him seriously. He was needed to get such a to maintain him seriously. He was needed to get such a support because the marriage could not have relieved all the support because the marriage could not have relieved all the conflicts. It was necessary to make some additional conflicts. It was necessary to make some additional arrangements to influence the extremely warlike inhabitants. arrangements to influence the extremely warlike inhabitants. Also Friar Laurence could have hidden them even before Also Friar Laurence could have hidden them even before marriage in order not to marry them illegitimately and send his marriage in order not to marry them illegitimately and send his messenger to the prince. His word as a priest’s combined with messenger to the prince. His word as a priest’s combined with the prince's will and power obviously could have lead the the prince's will and power obviously could have lead the situation to a happy outcome. They both together could have situation to a happy outcome. They both together could have announced a big celebration in honor to Romeo and Juliet who announced a big celebration in honor to Romeo and Juliet who could become a title of heroes in connection with the new could become a title of heroes in connection with the new tradition. tradition.

ROMEO AND JULIETROMEO AND JULIET

Are they predisposed to stay together?Are they predisposed to stay together?

ROMEOROMEO

ROMEO O, she is rich in beauty, only poor,ROMEO O, she is rich in beauty, only poor,That when she dies with beauty dies her store.That when she dies with beauty dies her store.BENVOLIOBENVOLIO Then she hath sworn that she will still live Then she hath sworn that she will still live

chaste?chaste?ROMEOROMEO She hath, and in that sparing makes huge waste,She hath, and in that sparing makes huge waste,

For beauty starved with her severityFor beauty starved with her severityCuts beauty off from all posterity.Cuts beauty off from all posterity.She is too fair, too wise, wisely too fair,She is too fair, too wise, wisely too fair,To merit bliss by making me despair:To merit bliss by making me despair:She hath forsworn to love, and in that vowShe hath forsworn to love, and in that vowDo I live dead that live to tell it now.Do I live dead that live to tell it now.BENVOLIOBENVOLIO Be ruled by me, forget to think of her.Be ruled by me, forget to think of her.ROMEOROMEO O, teach me how I should forget to think. O, teach me how I should forget to think.

DIALOGUEDIALOGUEROMEOROMEO [To JULIET] If I profane with my unworthiest hand[To JULIET] If I profane with my unworthiest handThis holy shrine, the gentle fine is this:This holy shrine, the gentle fine is this:My lips, two blushing pilgrims, ready standMy lips, two blushing pilgrims, ready standTo smooth that rough touch with a tender kiss.To smooth that rough touch with a tender kiss.JULIETJULIET Good pilgrim, you do wrong your hand too much,Good pilgrim, you do wrong your hand too much,Which mannerly devotion shows in this;Which mannerly devotion shows in this;For saints have hands that pilgrims' hands do touch,For saints have hands that pilgrims' hands do touch,And palm to palm is holy palmers' kiss.And palm to palm is holy palmers' kiss.ROMEOROMEO Have not saints lips, and holy palmers too?Have not saints lips, and holy palmers too?JULIETJULIET Ay, pilgrim, lips that they must use in prayer.Ay, pilgrim, lips that they must use in prayer.ROMEOROMEO O, then, dear saint, let lips do what hands do;O, then, dear saint, let lips do what hands do; They pray, grant thou, lest faith turn to despair.They pray, grant thou, lest faith turn to despair.JULIETJULIET Saints do not move, though grant for prayers' sake.Saints do not move, though grant for prayers' sake.ROMEOROMEO Then move not, while my prayer's effect I take.Then move not, while my prayer's effect I take. Thus from my lips, by yours, my sin is purged.Thus from my lips, by yours, my sin is purged.JULIETJULIET Then have my lips the sin that they have took. Then have my lips the sin that they have took.

DIALOGUEDIALOGUE

PARISPARIS Come you to make confession to this Come you to make confession to this father?father?

JULIETJULIET To answer that, I should confess to you.To answer that, I should confess to you. PARISPARIS Do not deny to him that you love me.Do not deny to him that you love me. JULIETJULIET I will confess to you that I love him.I will confess to you that I love him. PARISPARIS So will ye, I am sure, that you love me. So will ye, I am sure, that you love me.

ROMEO AND JULIETROMEO AND JULIET

What else unites them?What else unites them?