greek society and the origins of the classics. the golden age of greece athens – 5 th century b.c

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Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics

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Page 1: Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics. The Golden Age of Greece Athens – 5 th Century B.C

Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics

Page 2: Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics. The Golden Age of Greece Athens – 5 th Century B.C

The Golden Age of GreeceAthens – 5th Century B.C.

Page 3: Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics. The Golden Age of Greece Athens – 5 th Century B.C

Sophocles

Page 4: Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics. The Golden Age of Greece Athens – 5 th Century B.C

Sophocles

Born in Athens in 497 B.C.

Most well known ancient Greek playwright

A member of the ruling class

Was sympathetic to social inequalities in his society

Warned other Greeks that their prejudices and social inequality would result in their destruction

Page 5: Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics. The Golden Age of Greece Athens – 5 th Century B.C

Greek Belief System

Polytheistic – worshipped many gods

FATE was a divine force that was stronger than the gods

They felt the gods became angry with people who were guilty of pride or any other kind of excess

People were supposed to live moderately and correctly

Page 6: Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics. The Golden Age of Greece Athens – 5 th Century B.C

Origins of Greek Drama

To celebrate their gods, the Greeks held many festivals where Drama played a key role

Everyone attended the plays

Playwrights competed against each other to see who was the best writer

Tragedies were the types of plays performed

Plays were choral lyrics, based on myths, with song alternating with dialogue

Page 7: Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics. The Golden Age of Greece Athens – 5 th Century B.C

Tragedy

Greek Tragedy focuses on the TRAGIC HERO

TRAGIC HERO: a great man who has one tragic flaw which brings about his downfall. The hero accepts the consequences of his errors and teaches the audience some truth about life.

Page 8: Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics. The Golden Age of Greece Athens – 5 th Century B.C

Greek Theater

First Theater: At the AcropolisPeople sat in open air on benchesTheater was like a religious experience, so the performance was dignified and seriousPeople expected to be awakened to the truthPeople expected a discussion about serious life issues

Page 9: Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics. The Golden Age of Greece Athens – 5 th Century B.C

Stage Conventions of Greek Theater

Dramatic Irony: Since the audience was familiar with the plots (taken from well-known myths), it always had more information about the action than the characters on the stage

Page 10: Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics. The Golden Age of Greece Athens – 5 th Century B.C

Stage Conventions of Greek Theater

The plays were acted in the daytime, without lights or curtains, and had few sets.

NO TECHNOLOGY!

Page 11: Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics. The Golden Age of Greece Athens – 5 th Century B.C

Stage Conventions of Greek Theater

ACTORS WERE ALL MALE!

They wore masks, wigs, and high boots.

Page 12: Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics. The Golden Age of Greece Athens – 5 th Century B.C

Stage Conventions of Greek Theater

THE THREE UNITIES:

UNITY OF TIME – all the action of the play took place within 24 hours; dialogue provided background info.

UNITY OF PLACE – action was limited to one setting; one unchanged set was used.

UNITY OF SUBJECT – the focus was on the main character. No sub-plots.

Page 13: Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics. The Golden Age of Greece Athens – 5 th Century B.C

Stage Conventions of Greek Theater

CHORUS:

15-20 men represent the citizens

They were always onstage and they frequently sang and danced

They always had a leader who carried on a dialogue with the main characters or with the rest of the chorus.

Page 14: Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics. The Golden Age of Greece Athens – 5 th Century B.C

Stage Conventions of Greek Theater

Function of the chorus:Set the tone

Give background info

Recall past events

Interpret and summarize events

Ask questions

Give opinions

Give advice, if asked

Stay objective

Act like a jury

Page 15: Greek Society and the Origins of the Classics. The Golden Age of Greece Athens – 5 th Century B.C

Other Literary Terms

Hubris – Excessive prideMetaphor – A direct comparison between two thingsSimile – A comparison between two things using like or asHyperbole – Extreme exaggerationJuxtaposition – Placing two objects side by sideParadox – A true statement that seems contradictory

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