Greek I

Third Declension(Chapter 10)

Exegetical Insight – The Meaning of sa.rx

sa.rx - “flesh, body” Le,gw de,( pneu,mati peripatei/te (walk) kai.

evpiqumi,an (lust) sarko.j ouv mh. tele,shte (fulfill)Å Kai. o` lo,goj sa.rx evge,neto (became) kai.

evskh,nwsen (dwelt) evn h`mi/n( kai. evqeasa,meqa (we beheld) th.n do,xan auvtou/( do,xan w`j monogenou/j para. patro,j( plh,rhj ca,ritoj kai. avlhqei,ajÅ

to. ga.r avdu,naton tou/ no,mou evn w-| hvsqe,nei dia. th/j sarko,j( o` qeo.j to.n e`autou/ ui`o.n pe,myaj evn o`moiw,mati sarko.j a`marti,aj kai. peri. a`marti,aj kate,krinen th.n a`marti,an evn th/| sarki,(

Overview of this Lesson

In this lesson we will learn: The third declension (or pattern of

inflection) for stems ending in a consonant;

The Master Case Endings Chart; Noun rules 7 and 8.

Review of Declension Remember that declension only affects the

form of a word, not its meaning. First declension:

stems ending in a or h feminine gender

Second declension: stems ending in o masculine gender

Third declension applies to nouns whose stem ends in a consonant. Some of the case endings are different, but some are the same as you have already learned.

Third Declension Compared to First and Second

Because of changes that take place in the nominative singular, it is more difficult to determine the stem of the word.

Whatever happens in the nominative singular also happens in the dative plural.

Three Third Declension Stems Third declension stems

are categorized by their end consonant.

Endings can vary depending upon the gender of the noun.

A nu will drop out when followed by a sigma.

A tau will drop out when followed by a sigma or when it stands at the end of a word (noun rule #7).

The Interrogative Pronoun Ti,jand the Indefinite Pronoun Tij

The Adjective ei-j (“one”)

The stem of the masculine and neuter is en but the feminine is mia.

Notice that this word in the masculine and neuter has rough breathing, which helps distinguish it from the prepositions eivj and evn.

Master Case Ending Chart

Noun Rule #7 - The Square of Stops

Pa/j as an Example of a 3-1-3 Adjective

Summary Words whose stems end in a consonant use third

declension endings. The stem of a third declension can be found by

dropping the case ending from the genitive singular. The gender of a third declension noun must be

memorized or looked up in a lexicon. Memorize the Master Case Ending Chart and the

Square of Stops Chart (Noun Rule #7). Noun Rule #8 – A tau cannot stand at the end of the

word and will drop off. Memorizing (or at least recognizing) the paradigm for

pa/j will help you for grammar yet to come.

For Next Week Due to our Missions Conference, we will not

meet next week. Vocabulary quiz through chapter 10 will be

sent out via email. Exercise 10 is due. Read Chapters 11 and 12, “First and

Second Person Personal Pronouns” and “auvto,j.” Do the corresponding exercises in the workbook for our next class.

If you like, you can listen to audio lectures on chapters 11 and 12 at www.biblicaltraining.org.