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Maccabean Revolution And Its Aftermath: Rome

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Page 1: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule

Maccabean Revolution And Its Aftermath: Rome

Page 2: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule

Greek Empire of Alexander

• 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises• Alexander the Great• Invades Judah• Hellenization• After Alexander’s death, series of

Generals rule

Page 3: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule
Page 4: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule
Page 5: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule
Page 6: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule

Septuagiant

• Greek translation of the Bible, 250 BCE• Spreads the Jewish faith to those outside

Israel• New Testament will be written in Greek

Page 7: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule

Hellenization in Judah

• Culture clash• Alexander’s Generals left in

charge• Jewish Aristocracy embraces

Hellenistic culture• Temple converted

ZEUSKing of the Greek gods

Page 8: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule

Maccabean Revolt

• 166 BCE – 142 BCE• Mattathias Maccabees• 5 Sons• Judas Maccabees• Retake temple: Hanukah

Page 9: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule

Chapter 2

• Mathias encouraging his sons

• Salvation history

Page 10: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule

Retake Temple

• Rededicate the temple to Yahweh

• Hanukkah • Feast of Rededication

Page 11: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule

Hasmonean Dynasty

• Maccabean family establishes themselves as King and High priest of Israel

• Under Hyrcanus, huge expansion

• Legitimacy questioned

Page 12: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule

Major Groups in Judah Fighting for Power

• Pharisees• Scribes• Essences• Sadducees

Page 13: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule

Pharisees

• Formed during Babylonian Exile

• Jews cut off from the temple• Concentrated on Torah• Pharisees led the community

in synagogues• Today known as Rabbis

Page 14: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule

Scribes

• Recorders of the law and history of the people

• Keepers of Jewish traditions

Page 15: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule

Essences

• Retreated from society• Believed the end of the world was close• Dwelt in caves along the Deadsea• Authors of the Deadsea scrolls• Believed mainstream society was going to hell

Page 16: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule

Sadducees

• Temple Aristocracy• Priestly function• Only believed in first 5 books

of the Torah• Rejected Resurrection• Appealed to outside powers

Page 17: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule

Rome

• Changing from Republic to Empire

• Invited by Sadducees• 63 BCE Rome invades • Select a Jewish king in 37

BCE: Herod

Page 18: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule

Herod the Great

• Client Kings put into power by Rome

• Herod Restores temple to former glory

• Cruel and tyrannical ruler• Expectation from Jews that

salvation will soon be at hand

Page 19: Greek Empire of Alexander 334 BCE, Greek Empire Rises Alexander the Great Invades Judah Hellenization After Alexander’s death, series of Generals rule

Herodian Dynasty

• Several Sons• Herod Archelaus: Judah • Herod Anitpas: Galilee• Archelaus replaced by

Roman Governor: Pontius Pilate


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