GRAVITYAND NEWTON’S

LAWS OF MOTION

Question????

Which object will land sooner if dropped at the same time, a tennis ball or a bowling ball?

Acceleration Due To GravityObjects fall to the ground at the same rate becausethe acceleration due to gravity is the same for allobjects.

The mass of an object does not affect the rate at which it falls.

Example of acceleration due to gravityhttp://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys01/accgravi/index.htm

Bowling ball and tennis ball

ACCELERATING AT A CONSTANTRATE

All objects accelerate toward Earth at a rate of 9.8 m/s/s.

WHAT DOES THIS MEAN?

This means that for every second an object falls, the object’s downward velocity increases by 9.8 m/s.

Acceleration Due To GravityObjects fall to the ground at the same rate becausethe acceleration due to gravity is the same for allobjects.

The mass of an object does not affect the rate at which it falls.All objects accelerate toward Earth at a rate of 9.8 m/s/s.

What happens when I drop a tennis ball and a piece of paper??

Is there something else acting on the paper to cause it to not fall like the tennis ball? What?

DOES AIR RESISTANCE AFFECT FALLING OBJECTS?

Yes!!

THE FORCE OF GRAVITY PULLS OBJECTSDOWNWARD AS THE FORCE OF AIRRESISTANCE PUSHES IT UPWARD.

FREE FALL- when an object is being pulled down by gravity, but no other forces are acting on it.

Does free fall occur with air resistance?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5C5_dOEyAfk

Example of acceleration due to gravity

NEWTON’S FIRST LAW OF MOTIONAKA: LAW OF INERTIA

An object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion remains in motion at constantspeed and in a straight line unless acted on byan unbalanced force.

A golf ball on a tee.

The man will remain in motionuntil a force stops his movement.

Examples:

NEWTON’S FIRST LAW OF MOTION

Also called: LAW OF INERTIA

Inertia is the tendency of all objects to resist any change in motion.

NEWTON’S SECOND LAW OFMOTION

The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and amount of force applied.

FORCE=MASS X ACCELERATION

Or a=F/m

How does Newton’s Second Law explain whythe shuttle’s accelerationincreases during takeoff?

WHAT IS MOMENTUM?

MOMENTUM is a property of a moving object that depends on the object’s mass and velocity.

THE MORE MOMENTUM AN OBJECT HAS, THEHARDER IT IS TO STOP THE OBJECT ORCHANGE ITS DIRECTION.

Momentum=mass x velocity

NEWTON’S THIRD LAW OF MOTION

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

FORCES ALWAYS ACT IN PAIRS.

The action force is the swimmer’s hand and feet pushing the water.

The reaction force is the waterpushing on the swimmer’s hands and feet.

MORE EXAMPLES OF ACTION ANDREACTION FORCE PAIRS

The rabbit’s legs exert a force on Earth. Earth exerts an equal forceon the rabbit’s legs, causing the rabbit to accelerate upward.

The shuttle’s thrusters push the exhaust gases downward as the gases push the shuttle upward with an equal force.

LET’S PRACTICE

Explain Newton’s First Law of Motion usingthis picture.

A plane will not soar in the air unless it is pushed by the exhaust from its jet engines.

Newton’s Second Law of Motion

- Which would you have to apply a greater force to stop and go?- Which would you rather buy gas for?-Which would you rather be driving in a head-on collision?

NEWTON’S THIRD LAW OF MOTION

LIST and DESCRIBE the action and reaction forces in the following picture.

Bellringer #111. While approaching a red light a semi truck takes longer and uses

more force on the breaks to stop than a small car does. Which of the following gives reasoning for this situation?a. The truck is going too fast.b. The truck has more inertiac. The truck has more momentum due to its’ mass.d. BOTH B and C

2. While riding the bus to school this morning your bus driver took a sharp left hand turn. Which direction will your body go?a. Toward the leftb. Toward the rightc. Toward the backd. Toward the front

3. Which of Newton’s 3 laws best explains your reasoning for question 2?a. Newton’s 1st law.b. Newton’s 2nd law.c. Newton’s 3rd law

Bellringer #131. A penny resting on your elbow wants to remain at rest until an

outside force acts on it. This statement proves that the pennies:a. Are lazyb. Have gravity acting on themc. Have inertia

2. A bowling ball and a ping pong ball are rolling across the floor. You notice that the bowling ball is much harder to stop than the ping pong ball. This is because:a. The bowling ball has more momentumb. The ping pong ball has more momentumc. The bowling ball is bigger

3. The pop can engine had six holes around the bottom to let water flow out. What would make the pop can engine move faster according to Newton’s second law of motion?

a. Less holes in the bottomb. More holes in the bottomc. The temperature of the water