grammar review unit 2 (linking words & conjunctions)

UNIT 2 Linking words (conjunctions)

Grammar Review Unit 21

and/as well as to add ideas روابط دالةعلى االضافة

Swift worked as a politician and a churchman. ربطت بيناسمينThey captured Gulliver and tied him to the ground.As well as working as a politician, Swift was a churchman. الحظ انها فى اول الجملة تتبع بing Swift was a politician as well as a churchman. هنا ربطت بيناسمين

because to give a reasonروابط دالة على السبب It took me a long time to finish the book because it is so long.

but/although/however to contrast ideas روابط دالة علىالتناقض

He is young but strong.هنا ربطت بين صفتين Swift wrote many books, but none were as successful as Gulliver's Travels.هنا ربطت بين فكرتين او فعلين مختلفين Although/though/Even though he spent his first years in England, Swift went to school in Ireland.الحظ انها تاتى فى اول الجملة او منصف الجملة وال تحدث تغيير على الفعلوتساوىDespite/In spite of + v-ing or noun or the fact that s v……Although Abutrika was ill, he played the matchDespite being ill ,Abutrika played the match.In spite of his illness,abutrika played the match.In spite of the fact that Abutrika was ill, he played the match.

دى القاعدة من بالك خد1………………….,however…………………………..


2…………………. . However, …………………………..3 -However+ adj.+ S+ V…………, ………………..

I've heard of Jonathan Swift. However, I didn't know he wrote Gulliver's Travels. الحظ انها تاتى فى , منتصف الجملة قبلها نقطة وبعدها, وممكن تاتى فى منتصف الجملة قبلها He is rich, however he is unhappyوممكن تكون اول الجملة وتتبع بالصفةHowever rich he is ,he is unhappy.

if/unless to introduce conditions روابط دالة على الشرطIf you want to know more about Swift, look him up on the internet. طبعا ما تستغربوشدى الحالة االولى وممكن جواب الشرط يكون فعل امر زى المثال دة وممكن فعل الشرط يكون مضارع بسيط وجواب الشرط مستقبل بسيطIf you study hard ,you will get high marks.

If + Present simple ― will / may / can +inf

If I earn some money, I'll buy a car. If we have enough time, we'll visit Ahmed.

فيفي حقيقيحقيقي يكونيكون ربماربما موقفموقف عنعن الحالةالحالة هذههذه تعبرتعبر وقدوقد :: المضارعالمضارع

If you are hot, I'll open the window.تستخدمتستخدم unless unless بمعنيبمعني If not If not

Unless you study hard you can't pass the exam. (If..)= If you don't study hard, you can't pass the exam.

He won't go to sleep unless you tell him a story.

While/when/as soon as/before to link activities in timeروابط زمنيةWhile reading the newspaper, I fell asleep. كلكم طبعا

نضع فاعل مفيش لو لكن مستمر بماضى بتتبع انها عارفين ingWhile I was reading the newspaper, I fell asleep.


As soon as I saw it, I wanted to buy it.برضو كلنا عارفين انها تتبع بماضى بسيط +ماضى بسيط دة لما يكون الحدثين واضحين للقارىء اية الحدث اللى تم االول لكن لو الحدث غامض نستخدم ماضى تام مع الحدث اللى وقع االول فى الماضىAs soon as I had written the lesson ,I went to the club.When I got home, I did my homework.

Before I went to bed, I phoned my friend. السابقةالسابقة الجملالجمل فيفي الحظالحظ when / as soon aswhen / as soon as بعدبعد جاءجاء األولاألول الحدثالحدث أنأن

beforebefore بعدبعد جاءجاء الثانيالثاني الحدثالحدث وأنوأنExercises

SB a Complete the sentences with these words.while if but because although

1 ........ he spent his early years in England, he returned toIreland to go to school and university.

2 ............. he was work ing as a secretary, Swift started to write.3 In my opinion, the book succeeds it has these

different meanings.4 Jonathan Swift

wrote other books, …..non were as successful as Gulliver's Travels.

5 .............you're interested in knowing more about the author, I

have a list of web pages you can look at.Rewrite these sentences in your exercise books using one of the linking words. I although because but if while

a I've heard o f Jonathan Swift. I did n't know that he wrote


G ulliv er's Tra vels.………………………………………………………………

…………………………. b You like science fiction novels. You will like

Gulliver'S Travels.………………………………………………………………

……………………… c I know that Gulliver meets some very small

people. I've never read the book.………………………………………………………………

…………………. d It took me a long time to read Gulliver's Travels. It is a very long book.

………………………………………………………………………………..

e I fell asleep. I was watching a long film…………………………………

WB Choose the correct linking words in these sentences.

a I need to learn English, but/because I want to work for an international company.b Although/If my brother works very hard, he doesn't earn much money.c I've been trying to contact my sister, although/but she isn't answering her phone.d If/While you need to remember a date, write it in your diary.e The phone rang while/because I was having a shower.

Match to make sentences using linking words.He thought he would miss the train, but

□ 1 the phone rang six times.

Although he ran as fast as he could,

□ 2 you should visit Egypt.

While they were having breakfast,

□ 3 he wants to be an archaeologist.

If you want to be an 4 it was late, so he


archaeologist, caught it.He wants to go to Egypt for his holiday

□ 5 none of my friends wants to go

because with me.I'd like to see the new film, but

□ 6 he was only third in the race.

Complete these sentences with a linking word.a I fell off my bicycle…………... I was going round a corner.b Ali and his family have visited many countries,.................................................................they've never been to Europe.c ...............you don't like hot weather, don't come to Egypt in July.d ...............I've seen that film twice already, I'd love to see it again.e I'm working hard......I want to get a high mark in the test.

,Choose the correct answer from a من موقع لونجمانb, c or d1. My brother is 170 cm and my sister is 150 cm. My brother is _____ my sister. a. taller b. as tall as c. taller than d. taller as2. I am 155 cm and so is my friend. My friend is _____ me. a. as tall as b. taller than c. tall like d. as tall than3. _____ I can lend you some money. It’s no problem at all. a. Although b. If c. Of course d. As soon as 4. _____ like reading a lot, I am not good at writing. a. Although b. If c. More d. Because5. We can go to play tennis _____ weather is good. a. in spite of b. although c. of course d. if6. I wanted to go to school _____ I was too sick to go.


a. while b. but c. if d. as soon as 7. _____ Lemuel Gulliver was travelling at sea, there was a storm. a. Although b. If c. Because d. While 8. _____ I finished reading the book, I wanted to start reading it again from the beginning. a. As soon as b. Because c. If d. While2. Rewrite using the word in brackets to give the same meaning. 1. I like reading novels for the reason that they take me into a different world.(because)___________________________________2. Jonathan Swift started to write. At the same time he was working as a secretary. (while) _________________________________________3. I’ve never read the book. I heard that Gulliver meets some very small people. (but)___________________________________________4. I like pizza. Pizza normally has tomatoes in it, which I don’t like. (although)_______________________________________5. To find out more information about Jonathan Swift, you can look on the internet. (if)____________________________________________3. Correct the underlined mistakes. It was Saturday, and I was the only person at home. (1) Although I was hungry, I decided to cook some food for myself. (2) Because I was making the food, I heard someone knocking on the front door. I knew that (3) but I went to answer the door, the food would burn. (4) As soon as the person continued knocking on the door. (5) If my food was finished, I ran to the door and opened it. (6) While I was surprised to see that it was my mother, who had forgotten her keys! 4. Match the phrases and rewrite each sentence below.

A B1. Just tell me a. but she didn’t answer.


2. The letter arrived b. although I don’t like travelling.

3. I like watching travel programmes

c. if you want some help.

4. She tried to call her friend d. because I want to work in an international company.

5. I need to study English e. while I was at work. f. as soon as I received it.

ماذا قال السادة االفاضل عباقرة المنتدى عن قواعدالوحدة الثانية

مستر عصام وهبةChoose the correct answer:

1- She plays the piano (as – as well – well – and) the violin. 2- Not only (he has been – has he been – he was – he had been) late three times. But also she has

done no work3- Besides (was – is – are – being) cold the place was damp. 4- He can’t write to his friend (because – because of – as – since) not knowing his address.

5- I had to take a taxi (as – because of – owing to – due to) It was raining heavily.6- He was put in prison (because – as – since – so) of not paying the fine غرامـة.7- Many city dwellers move to the country (for the reason that – because of – owing to – due to)

there is a great amount of pollution. 8- Despite (to have – having – he has – has he) limited vocabulary, he speaks English fluently.9- (However – In spite – Although – Despite) the cost of living here is high, there are many advantages.10- Frank was very careful, (despite – because – so – however), he lost his money11- He felt sick (so - because – in order to – unless) he ate too much12- He says he likes sport. (As – However – So – In order to), he only watches it on TV.


13- He won’t do any work for you (so – although – unless – in order to) you pay him.14- I continued running (because – in order to – unless- although) I felt very tired.15- She’s quite healthy (as – unless – even though – because) she never takes any exercise.

Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:

1- They were arrested as breaking the law. 2- He had to apologize owing to he made a shameful mistake.3- As well as she studied hard, she played tennis regularly.4- If he reads the questions carefully, he answers them.5- There were no accidents though the dangerous roads.6- I like most school subjects because I don't like physics.7- As soon as seeing the accident, I called the police.8- However the box was heavy, he could carry it.9- In addition to he wrote the letter, he saw the film.10- Because they played very well, they lost the match.

نصراوى مسترChoose the correct answer:1-He worked hard----------------------he was over 80.(because-so-and-though)2-He didn't go to school-------------------he was ill.(due to-owing to-as-so)3-I couldn't get to sleep--------------------the noise.(despite-although-owing to-because)4-We went out-----------------the rain.(despite-although-because-due to)5-She, ---------her cousins, is fond of swimming.(besides-and-not only-as well as)6-My car broke down,------------------I will take a taxi.(but-therefore-because-as long as)7-It started to rain,---------------we stopped playing.(as-because-so-however)8-Bravely--------he fought, he lost the game.(however-although-as-because)9-He could beat me--------his old age.(so as to-although-because-despite)10-Neither the students nor the teacher----------in the class.(is-are-were-has)11-I, as well as, Rahma---------------------TV.(watch-watches-is watching-are watching)


12-Samy doesn't go to school and ------------------------I (so do I – so I do – neither do I –neither I do )13-Both virus C and cancer------------fatal effects on patients.(have-has-is –are)14-He took a taxi-----------------he could reach the office early.(so as to-in order to-so that-to)15-You won't go out-------------------you finish you homework first.(if-unless-as long as-without)16-We all trust him-------------------he is honest.(although-because of-so that –since)17-He did his best----------------------achieve his goal.(because-in order that-however-so as to)18-I didn't get up early------------------I went to work late.(although-that's why-owing to-however)19-She was tired, ----------------------she went to work.(although-due to-therefore-however)20-They wouldn't have attended the party-----------you had invited them.(because-if-unless-so that)21-Not only-----------call the waiter bad names, but he hit him as well.(did he –does he-has he-had he)22- -------------------my assistant , he failed.(In spite of-Because-Owing to-Unless)3-Re-write the following sentences:1-He is clever and his friends are clever too. (as well as)2- I went to the library to read books.(so that)3-He admired her despite her poverty.(although)4- I missed the match because I was busy.(therefore)5-The shoes are old, but they are comfortable. (Although)6-I don't do karate. I see karate on TV. (though)7-He failed owing to his carelessness. (Since)8-He ran fast so as to catch the metro. (because)9-He bought a new car and built a house. (Not only)10-They worked for ten hours. They felt ill. (so)11-Both the captain and the sailors are responsible for the ship. (as well as)12-The man isn't here. The Woman isn't here. (Neither)13-She didn't see. She didn't hear. (neither)


14-Despite his illness, he went out. (Although/However/ill)15-If you don't help me, I will fail. (Unless)16-I like all sports, but not tennis. (Although)4-Find and correct the mistakes:1-Jonathan Swift was born in Dublin, the larger city in Ireland.2-Ireland belonged from Britain at that time.3-Swift died on 1745 , at the age of 78.4-His most famous book was Gulliver's travels which were published in 1726.5-He also wrote other famous book, including A Modest Proposal.6-I like Gulliver's travels although Gulliver has exciting adventures.7-It is also very funny to reading about the small people of Lilliput.

العجمى عماد مسترFind the mistake in each of the following sentences then write it correctly11- They were arrested as breaking the law. 12- He had to apologize owing to he made a shameful mistake.13- As well as she studied hard, she played tennis regularly.14- If he reads the questions carefully, he answers them.15- There were no accidents though the dangerous roads.16- I like most school subjects because I don't like physics.17- As soon as seeing the accident, I called the police.18- However the box was heavy, he could carry it.19- In addition to he wrote the letter, he saw the film.20- Because they played very well, they lost the match.


grammar review unit 2 (linking words & conjunctions)

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