grammar 1. past simple tense (prosto prošlo vrijeme)

Grammar Grammar 1. Past Simple Tense1. Past Simple Tense (Prosto prošlo vrijeme)(Prosto prošlo vrijeme)

FORMFORMAffirmative Affirmative (Potvrdni oblik) se tvori od dvije vrste (Potvrdni oblik) se tvori od dvije vrste

glagola:glagola:1.1. Regular verbsRegular verbs (Pravilni glagoli) dodajemo nastavak (Pravilni glagoli) dodajemo nastavak

–d–d ili ili –ed–ed na na infinitivinfinitiv glagola: glagola:work + ed = worked; rain + ed = rained; play + ed = work + ed = worked; rain + ed = rained; play + ed =

playedplayed

2. 2. Irregular verbsIrregular verbs (Nepravilni glagoli) – upotrebljavamo (Nepravilni glagoli) – upotrebljavamo 2. kolonu2. kolonu iz tabele nepravilnih glagola: iz tabele nepravilnih glagola:

sleep – sleep – sleptslept – slept; buy – – slept; buy – boughtbought – bought; drive – – bought; drive – drovedrove – driven – driven

Grammar Grammar 1. Past Simple Tense1. Past Simple Tense (Prosto prošlo vrijeme)(Prosto prošlo vrijeme)

It It rainedrained all day yesterday. (R) all day yesterday. (R)

I I read read your e-mail this morning. (IR)your e-mail this morning. (IR)

She She phonedphoned John two days ago. (R) John two days ago. (R)

We We drovedrove by bus on our trip. (IR) by bus on our trip. (IR)

Grammar Grammar 1. Past Simple Tense1. Past Simple Tense (Prošlo prosto vrijeme)(Prošlo prosto vrijeme)

Nastavak Nastavak –d–d ili ili –ed–ed se izgovara na tri načina: se izgovara na tri načina:

/d//d/ iza zvučnog glasa (samoglasnici, b, d, g, l, m, iza zvučnog glasa (samoglasnici, b, d, g, l, m, n, v, dn, v, dʒʒ): ): smiled, opened, lovedsmiled, opened, loved

/t//t/ iza bezvučnog glasa (f, k, ks, p, iza bezvučnog glasa (f, k, ks, p, ʃ, tʃʃ, tʃ): ): cooked, cooked, escaped, laughed, watchedescaped, laughed, watched

/id//id/ iza r, t, d iza r, t, d: : needed, worried, carried, hurriedneeded, worried, carried, hurried


NegativeNegative (Odrični oblik) se tvori od pomoćnog (Odrični oblik) se tvori od pomoćnog glagola glagola DODO u prošlosti ( u prošlosti (DIDDID) + ) + NOTNOT + + infinitivinfinitiv glagola glagola

DID NOT = DIDN’TDID NOT = DIDN’T

It It did not (didn’t) raindid not (didn’t) rain a lot in November. a lot in November.

I I did not (didn’t) watchdid not (didn’t) watch the film last night. the film last night.

Mary Mary did not (didn’t) drivedid not (didn’t) drive a car. a car.


QuestionsQuestions (Pitanja) tvorimo inverzijom, tj. (Pitanja) tvorimo inverzijom, tj. zamjenom mjesta pom.glagola i subjekta:zamjenom mjesta pom.glagola i subjekta:

DidDid she she likelike tomato juice? No, she didn’t. tomato juice? No, she didn’t.

DidDid you you writewrite a letter to your sister? Yes, I did. a letter to your sister? Yes, I did.

DidDid you you see see the match last night? No, I didn’t.the match last night? No, I didn’t.

DidDid John John gogo to the cinema with you on Monday? to the cinema with you on Monday? No, he didn’t.No, he didn’t.


USEUSE

1.1. Da govorimo o radnjama koje su se završile Da govorimo o radnjama koje su se završile u prošlosti:u prošlosti:

She climbed the stairs and went to her room.She climbed the stairs and went to her room.

I saw an accident yesterday.I saw an accident yesterday.

Mary invited us to her birthday party.Mary invited us to her birthday party.


2. Da govorimo o prošlim situacijama koje su se 2. Da govorimo o prošlim situacijama koje su se ponavljale ili trajale, i o prošlim navikama:ponavljale ili trajale, i o prošlim navikama:

I went to primary school in England.I went to primary school in England.

The weather was horrible yesterday.The weather was horrible yesterday.

She always rang me on Fridays.She always rang me on Fridays.


TIME ADVERBIALSTIME ADVERBIALSUz ovo glagolsko vrijeme često koristimo slijedeće Uz ovo glagolsko vrijeme često koristimo slijedeće

priloge vremena: priloge vremena: Yesterday, last month/ week/ year/ Monday, two days Yesterday, last month/ week/ year/ Monday, two days

ago, three years ago, five months ago, in 1999, in ago, three years ago, five months ago, in 1999, in January, on Friday, etc.January, on Friday, etc.

Njihova pozicija u rečenici može biti na početku ili na Njihova pozicija u rečenici može biti na početku ili na kraju rečenice:kraju rečenice:

Last weekLast week I bought a new bike. I bought a new bike.My parents got married My parents got married twenty years agotwenty years ago..

Grammar Grammar 2. Past Continuous Tense2. Past Continuous Tense (Prošlo trajno vrijeme)(Prošlo trajno vrijeme)

FORMFORM

Affirmative Affirmative (Potvrdni oblik) se tvori od (Potvrdni oblik) se tvori od pomoćnog glagola TO BE u prošlosti (pomoćnog glagola TO BE u prošlosti (WAS, WAS, WEREWERE) + glavni glagol s nastavkom ) + glavni glagol s nastavkom –ing–ing::

The driver The driver was sitting was sitting behind the wheel.behind the wheel.

We We were talking were talking about our holidays.about our holidays.

I I was walking was walking to school.to school.


NegativeNegative (Odrični oblik) tvorimo dodavanjem rječice (Odrični oblik) tvorimo dodavanjem rječice NOT NOT na pomoćni glagol + glavni glagol s nastavkom na pomoćni glagol + glavni glagol s nastavkom –ing–ing::

WAS NOT = WASN’TWAS NOT = WASN’T

WERE NOT = WEREN’TWERE NOT = WEREN’T

He He was not (wasn’t) listening was not (wasn’t) listening to the lecture.to the lecture.

They They were not (weren’t) readingwere not (weren’t) reading the whole afternoon. the whole afternoon.

II was not (wasn’t) driving was not (wasn’t) driving a car. a car.


QuestionsQuestions (Pitanja) tvorimo inverzijom: (Pitanja) tvorimo inverzijom:

WereWere you you planningplanning to see him? Yes, I was. to see him? Yes, I was.

WasWas the driver the driver sittingsitting behind the wheel? No, he behind the wheel? No, he wasn’t.wasn’t.

WasWas Mary Mary talking talking to John when you saw her? to John when you saw her? Yes, she was.Yes, she was.

Grammar Grammar 2. Past Continuous Tense2. Past Continuous Tense (Prošlo trajno vrijeme) (Prošlo trajno vrijeme)

USEUSE

1.1. Da govorimo o radnjama koje su trajale neko Da govorimo o radnjama koje su trajale neko vrijeme u prošlosti:vrijeme u prošlosti:

He was watching TV all evening.He was watching TV all evening.

I was trying to change the wheel in the car.I was trying to change the wheel in the car.


2. Da označi radnje koje su u prošlosti trajale 2. Da označi radnje koje su u prošlosti trajale istovremeno (često uz veznik istovremeno (često uz veznik whilewhile – dok): – dok):

I was reading a book while Joan was playing the I was reading a book while Joan was playing the piano.piano.

The mothers were talking in the park while the The mothers were talking in the park while the children were playing.children were playing.


3. Da govorimo o radnjama koje su se dešavale u 3. Da govorimo o radnjama koje su se dešavale u prošlosti i koje su prekinute nekom drugom prošlosti i koje su prekinute nekom drugom prošlom radnjom izraženom past simple tense, prošlom radnjom izraženom past simple tense, često s veznikom često s veznikom whenwhen – kad: – kad:

John was reading when Mary came.John was reading when Mary came.

We were having dinner when the phone rang.We were having dinner when the phone rang.


4. Da govorimo o radnjama ili situacijama koje 4. Da govorimo o radnjama ili situacijama koje čine pozadinu nekog događaja (postavljaju čine pozadinu nekog događaja (postavljaju scenu), unutar koje se dešava drugi događaj scenu), unutar koje se dešava drugi događaj izražen s past simple tense:izražen s past simple tense:

It was raining when we arrived in London.It was raining when we arrived in London.She was waiting for a bus when we met for the She was waiting for a bus when we met for the

first time.first time.Mr Jones was buying a paper when a man stole Mr Jones was buying a paper when a man stole

his wallet.his wallet.

PhrasesPhrases

To answer the phoneTo answer the phone – odgovoriti na telefonski poziv – odgovoriti na telefonski poziv

To be (go) abroadTo be (go) abroad – biti (ići) u inostranstvo – biti (ići) u inostranstvo

To be good atTo be good at – biti dobar, vješt u nečemu – biti dobar, vješt u nečemu

To play chessTo play chess – igrati šah – igrati šah

I seeI see – A, tako – A, tako

PhrasesPhrases

To go on a picnicTo go on a picnic – ići na izlet – ići na izlet

What is the matter with you (him, her)?What is the matter with you (him, her)? – A šta – A šta je to s tobom (s njim, s njom)?je to s tobom (s njim, s njom)?

To catch coldTo catch cold – prehladiti se – prehladiti se

To get betterTo get better – ozdraviti, oporaviti se – ozdraviti, oporaviti se

PhrasesPhrases

To take temperatureTo take temperature – mjeriti temperaturu – mjeriti temperaturu

Most of the timeMost of the time – najveći dio vremena – najveći dio vremena

Three times a day (week, month)Three times a day (week, month) – tri puta – tri puta dnevno (sedmično, mjesečno)dnevno (sedmično, mjesečno)

grammar 1. past simple tense (prosto prošlo vrijeme)

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