TEACHERS’ HAND BOOK

GRAMMAR 1 to 8

Latest Print - 2019

(Key Book)

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INDEX

Book Pages

Grammar - 1 3 - 7

Grammar - 2 8 - 15

Grammar - 3 16 - 23

Grammar - 4 24 - 31

Grammar - 5 32 - 40

Grammar - 6 41 - 51

Grammar - 7 52 - 62

Grammar - 8 63 - 80

PART - I : GRAMMAR1. The Alphabet

Activity Corner (A.C.) I. 1) b, d, f, h, j, I, n, p, r, t, v, x, z. 2) B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, T, V, X, Z.

II. A-Apple, B-Ball, C-Cat, D-Dog, E-Elephant, F-Flower, G-Goat, H-Hen, I-Igloo, J-Jug, K-Kite, L-Lamp, M-Man, N-Nest, O-Orange, P-Parrot, Q-Quill, R-Rat, S-Sun, T-Tree, U-Umbrella, V-Van, W-Watch, X-Xmas tree, Y-Yak, Z-Zip.

2. How are the words formed ?AC I. 1) tap, 2) bed, 3) hen, 4) pen, 5) lid, 6) kid, 7) pin.

II. 1) Den, 2) Goat, 3) Map, 4) Cop, 5) Pad. III. 1) mum, 2) noon, 3) eye, 4) peep, 5) nun, 6) pup. IV. 1) HORSE, 2) SHOES, 3) TABLE, 4) SHEEP, 5) GIRL, 6) LION, 7) BOOK, 8) LEAF.

3. Naming Words (Nouns)AC 1) V, 2) T, 3) P, 4) A, 5) B, 6) T, 7) A, 8) F, 9) P, 10) F, 11) B, 12) V.

4. Names of Persons Let’s Read Well : Mohan, Sohan, Friends, Postman, Milkman.AC I. 1) man, son, daughter, 2) wife, teacher, 3) father, engineer, 4) mother, doctor,

5) policeman. II. 1) nurse, patients, 2) Principal, 3) woman, sisters, 4) child, 5) cousins. III. BOY, GIRL, MAN, CHILD, DOCTOR.

5. Names of Animals Let’s Read Well : Cat, Rat, Fly, Butterfly, Cow, Crow.AC I. 1) dog, cat, 2) cows, 3) Lions, tigers, 4) mouse, 5) snake, frog.

II. 1) buffalo, 2) monkey, 3) dove, 4) butterfly, 5) parrot. III. horse, cat, camel, monkey.

6. Names of Places Let’s Read Well : Village, Well, House, School, Church.AC I. 1) rooms, house, 2) street, hospital, 3) kitchen, 4) library, 5) huts, 6) well, garden.

II. 1) college, 2) lane, 3) playground, 4) bedroom, 5) circus, 6) hostel. III. Down : CHURCH, SCHOOL, Across : HOUSE, HUT, ZOO.

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7. Names of Things

Let’s Read Well : Toy, Hat, Bat, Box, Cupboard.AC I. 1) car, 2) eggs, basket, 3) water, jug, 4) raincoat, 5) bus, 6) pot, water.

II. 1) book, table, 2) bananas, crate, 3) pencil, desk, 4) cheese, butter, 5) teddy bear, 6) plant, leaves, fruits.

III. MONEY, APPLE, PENCIL, PENS, CHAIR, EGGS.

Revision Exercise ( Nouns ) ✩ 1) Hat, 2) Camel, 3) Cow, 4) Apple, 5) Man, 6) Woman, 7) School,

8) Pan, 9) Duck, 10) Temple, 11) Boy, 12) Church.

People : Man, Woman, Boy. Places : School, Temple, Church. Animals : Camel, Cow. Things : Hat, Apple, Pan.

8. Vowels and A / An Let’s Read Well : a, an.AC I. 1) rat, hat. 2) den, men. 3) bin, tin. 4) cop, top. 5) jug, mug.

II. A leaf, A thief, An apple, A car, An orange, An eagle.

9. One and More than one Let’s Read Well : Dolls, Cars, Apples.AC I. 1) kites, 2) trees, 3) caps, 4) books, 5) pens.

II. 1) a parrot, 2) boys, 3) a dog, 4) a bag, 5) bananas.

10. This and ThatAC 1) This, 2) That, 3) This, 4) That, 5) That, 6) This.

11. These and Those Let’s Read Well : That, Those.AC 1) These, Those, 2) These, Those, 3) These, Those,

4) These, Those, 5) These, Those, 6) These, Those.

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12. Doing Words ( Verbs )AC I. 1) bark, 2) sail, 3) swim, 4) play, 5) jumps.

II. 1) Walking, 2) Teaching, 3) Eating, 4) Smelling, 5) Drinking, 6) Playing. III. 1) teaches, 2) taste, 3) smell, 4) cut, 5) play, 6) chew, 7) eat. IV. 1) - i, 2) - h, 3) - g, 4) - f, 5) - e, 6) - d, 7) - c, 8) - b, 9) - a.

13. Am, Is and Are Let's Read Well : am, is, are.AC I. 1) is, 2) are, 3) is, 4) are, 5) are, 6) is, 7) am, 8) is, 9) is.

II. 1) are, 2) is, 3) are, 4) am, 5) are.

14. Doing Words ( Continuous Action ) Let's Read Well : Watching, Jumping, Feeding, Enjoying.AC I. 1) running, 2) writing, 3) coming, 4) cooking.

II. 1) Drawing, 2) Flying, 3) Fighting, 4) Playing, 5) Reading, 6) Drinking, 7) Learning.

III. 1) swimming : The boys are swimming across the river. 2) fighting : The soldiers are fighting with enemies. 3) dancing : Rani is dancing very well. 4) crying : The child is crying for the milk. 5) cooking : My mother is cooking in the kitchen.

IV. 1) He is reading a newspaper. 2) He is watching T.V. 3) She is watering the plants. 4) She is reading. 5) He is writing. 6) She is cooking. 7) It is sleeping. 8) Baby is playing with a ball.

15. The SentenceAC I. 1) Sunday is a holiday. 2) My father is a teacher. 3) I want to go home.

4) An apple is a fruit. 5) Raju is a good boy.

II. 1) - d, 2) - c, 3) - b, 4) - a.

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16. Words in place of Nouns ( Pronouns ) Let's Read Well : He, She, It.AC I. 1) He is a postman. 2) She is dancing. 3) They are full of mangoes.

4) They are here. 5) It is beautiful. II. 1) She, 2) It, 3) They, 4) We, 5) He, his, 6) You. III. Rani - She, The ball - It, The car - It, The boy - He, The dog - It. IV. 1) I, 2) You, 3) She, 4) They, 5) It, 6) He.

17. Describing Words ( Adjectives ) Let's Read Well : Short, Tall, Young, Old, Green, Big.AC I. 1) good, 2) new, 3) big, 4) sweet, 5) black.

II. 1) sharp, 2) old, 3) long. III. 1) Round Ball, 2) Long Rope.

18. Words that qualify Verbs ( Adverbs )AC 1) sweetly, 2) madly, 3) brightly, 4) nicely, 5) rightly, 6) bravely, 7) kindly,

8) wisely, 9) widely, 10) neatly, 11) heavily, 12) hardly, 13) carefully, 14) carelessly, 15) quickly, 16) thickly, 17) clearly, 18) easily, 19) suddenly, 20) correctly, 21) rarely, 22) urgently, 23) foolishly.

19. More about Adverbs Let's Read Well : Excitedly, Loudly, Quickly, Fast, Carelessly.AC I. 1) angrily, 2) there, 3) fast, 4) quickly, 5) suddenly.

II. 1) hard, 2) sweetly, 3) neatly, 4) slowly, 5) brightly. III. 1) now, 2) today, 3) tomorrow, 4) everywhere, 5) there.

20. Words that tell " Where " ( Prepositions ) Let's Read Well : At, In, In front of, Up, Under, On, ForAC I. 1) in, 2) at, 3) in, 4) on, 5) in. II. 1) The cap is on the tap.

2) The pot is under the cot. 3) The bug is on the rug. 4) The frog is on the log. III. 1) on, 2) in, 3) at, 4) under, 5) behind, 6) between.

21. Has and HaveAC Have, Has.

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Part - II : COMPOSITION1. PARAGRAPH WRITING

The Lion 1) fierce, 2) brown, 3) mane, 4) lioness, 5) neck, 6) cub,

7) den, 8) flesh, 9) animals, 10) king.

The Postman 1) public, 2) uniform, 3) post office, 4) collects, 5) bag,

6) mail, 7) delivers, 8) news, 9) works, 10) tired.

2. COMPREHENSIONThe Dog and the Shadow

1) The dog was crossing a stream. 2) The dog looked down into the stream. 3) The dog saw his own reflection in the stream water. He thought it was another

dog with another bone in his mouth. 4) The dog barked at the dog he saw in the water. 5) No. Instead of getting another bone, he lost his bone also.

The Fox and the Crane 1) A fox and a crane lived in a forest. 2) The fox invited the crane to dinner. 3) The fox placed a flat dish before the crane. 4) No, the crane could not pick up the entire soup. Because the crane had a

long beak. So, he could pick up very little soup. 5) Next day, the crane invited the fox to dinner. He placed a narrow jug before

the fox. 6) No, the fox couldn't eat all the rice. Because the fox couldn't put his mouth

into the narrow jug.

Part - III : SPOKEN ENGLISHSentences for Practice

Mother : No, you shouldn't go. Mother : But, you should not go. See how hot is the sun shine today. Mother : Excess heat makes dehydration and even you may fall faint.

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Part - I : GRAMMAR1. Alphabetical Order

AC I. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z. II. 1) bat, cat, fat, hat, mat, pat, rat, sat. 2) Friday, Monday, Saturday, Sunday, Thursday, Tuesday, Wednesday. 3) Allahabad, Bengaluru, Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Kolkata. III. 1) Cat, 2) Bat, 3) Mat, 4) Hen, 5) Fin, 6) Pin, 7) Bin,

8) Pen, 9) Man, 10) Van, 11) Can, 12) Den. Alphabetical Order : Bat, Bin, Can, Cat, Den, Fin, Hen, Man, Mat,

Pen, Pin, Van. 2. Parts of Speech Let's Read Well : Raju, Rani, Zoo, Birds, Animals, Swans, Parrots, Geese,

Peacocks, Kingfishers, Bulbuls, Monkey, Banana. Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : Shall we go ? Raju : The Ostrich is the largest bird in the world. Rani : Which is the king of jungle ? Raju : The peacock is our national bird.AC I. 1) Veena, Woman, 2) Boys, 3) Girls, 4) Child, 5) Man.

II. A B CAppleAeroplaneAntAxeArrow

BatBallBusBalloonBoy

CamelCarCatCowCrow

3. The two parts of a SentenceAC I. Noun part Verb part

1) The earth2) All roads3) The Sun4) Boys5) An apple

revolves round the sun.lead to Rome.rises in the east.play with balls.is a fruit.

GRAMMAR BOOK - 2

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II. 1) The fish swim in water. 2) Honesty is the best policy. 3) The Ganga rises in the Himalayas. 4) The postman delivers letters. 5) Sunday is a holiday.

4. Guessing Game 1) Kite, 2) Candle, 3) Spade, 4) Lemon.

5. Doing Words for Repeated Actions Let's Read Well (P.No. 14) : Get, Call, Go, Chirp, Carry, Take, Feel.

AC-1 (P.No. 14) I. 1) learn, 2) spend, 3) sews, 4) looks, 5) work. II. 1) does, 2) reaches, 3) replies, 4) opens, 5) flies,

6) touches, 7) says, 8) tries, 9) digs, 10) looks.

Let's Read Well (P.No. 16) : Walks, Go, Reaches, Miss, Bring, Brings, Reads, Writes, Stands.

AC-2 (P.No. 17) I. 1) do, 2) do, 3) does, 4) does, 5) do. II. 1) He often forgets his duty. 2) She sits in the park for hours. 3) This boy writes good essays now. 4) My friend talks to me in English. III. 1) I do not wash my hands with cold water. 2) The sun does not set in the east. 3) She does not go home for lunch. 4) My friend does not come to my house. 5) We do not go to school daily.

6. Action Words for Continuous Actions ( Present Time ) Let's Read Well (P.No. 19) : Running, Sitting, Watching,

Jumping, Standing, Pulling.

AC-1 (P.No. 19) 1) doing, 2) picking, 3) coming, 4) drinking, 5) jumping, 6) making.

AC-2 (P.No. 20) I. 1) I am reading a book. 2) We are not leaving this place. 3) They are not beginning their work. 4) They are digging a well. 5) She is not telling the truth. 6) He is eating an apple.

II. 1) playing, 2) talking, 3) eating, 4) drinking, 5) running. III. 1) coming down, 2) telling, 3) flying, 4) walking.

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7. Action Words for Completed Actions (Past Time)

AC-1 (P.No. 23) I. 1) We drank milk yesterday. 2) I bought this book last month. 3) You wrote a letter yesterday. 4) He spent all the money. 5) They played cricket last Sunday. II. 1) We fought for our freedom. 2) You did your work honestly. 3) He came very early. 4) They drank milk.

AC-2 (P.No. 24) I. 1) I did not play yesterday. 2) We did not spend all the money. 3) You did not drink milk. 4) He did not win the prize. 5) They did not throw the ball to me.

II. 1) I rang the bell. 2) We forgot to call Balu. 3) You sang a song. 4) He slept yesterday. 5) They grew the crops.

AC-3 (P.No. 26) I. 1) Did I give money ? 2) Did we go to the cinema ? 3) Did you see the Taj Mahal ? 4) Did he put his books on the table ? 5) Did they leave school ?

II. 1) Did we see the Taj Mahal ? 2) Did you write a letter ? 3) Did she sing a song ?

Let's Read Well (P.No. 26) : Went, Walked, Sat, Fell, Saw, Ran, Woke, Found.

Let's Speak Well (P.No. 27) : Fill in the dialogue. Raju : What did you do last evening ? Rani : My friend Radha came to my house. Rani : We went to see our friend Ragini.

AC-4 (P.No. 27) I. 1) barked, 2) bought, 3) cleaned, 4) flew, 5) brought, 6) sold. II. 1) The boys were running. 2) The girl was dancing. 3) Rajan climbed the tree. 4) We learnt grammar. 5) I saw the teacher.

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8. Action Words for Continuous Actions ( Past Time ) Let's Read Well : Were crowing, was mooing, was clucking, was barking, was

blowing, was sitting. Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : I was going to the park. Raju : Who was there ? Rani : He was sitting on the bench. Raju : What was he doing ?

AC I. 1) It was raining this morning when I got up. 2) When my friend came in, I was writing a letter. 3) When I saw him, he was wearing a blue shirt. 4) The children were playing when he came.

II. 1) Because it saw a stranger. 2) I was going to movie yesterday. 3) We were sleeping when our father came. 4) The milkman was knocking at the door.

III. 1) Were you taking bath ? 2) Was he playing cricket ? 3) Was she going to school ? 4) Were they shouting ? 5) Was I carrying a bag ?

9. Action Words for just Completed Actions (Present Time) Let's Read Well : Has brought. Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : I have brought a cake. Raju : Grandfather ! What have you brought ? Uncle : I have brought it. Raju : Aunty ! What have you brought ?

AC I. 1) I have finished my work just now. 2) Today we have taken milk and eggs for breakfast. 3) Rani has gone out few minutes ago.

4) The peon has rung the bell. II. 1) Yes, I have drunk milk. 2) My uncle has come to my house. 3) No, I have not taken any money. 4) Yes, she has passed the exam. III. 1) built, 2) broken, 3) grown, 4) known, 5) learnt, 6) hit,

7) made, 8) left, 9) laughed.

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11. " Wh " Words (Question Words) Let's Read Well : What, How, Where, Which. Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : Where are you going ? Raju : I am going to the zoo. Rani : Where is the zoo ? Raju : It is near the park. Rani : Where does the camel live ? Raju : It lives in a desert.

AC I. 1) Who, 2) Whose, 3) Which, 4) How, 5) When. II. 1) When, 2) What, 3) Who, 4) Where, 5) How. III. Answer Yourself.

12. Joining Words (Conjunctions) Let's Read Well : And, But, If, Or, Because. Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Mother : Didn't you eat the bread and bananas ? Roshan : No. A hungry monkey and its baby ate them. Mother : A monkey doesn’t eat bread because it does not like it. Roshan : Then, it could be a dog and its puppy.

AC I. 1) Cat and Kitten. 2) Cup and Saucer . 3) Forks and Knives. II. 1) but, 2) if, 3) and, 4) but, 5) or. III. 1) Rani had ice cream and pizza. 2) Roshan opened the cage and the bird flew away. 3) Rohan is poor but honest. 4) Ramaiah is old but active. 5) Sita is weak because she is ill. IV. b and , s and ; h and Ie, h and ; I and , c and le.

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13. Interjections Let’s Read Well : Hello ! Ah ! What ! Ow ! Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Raju : Alas ! I am hurt. Rani : Ow ! Are you wounded ? Raju : No, I am not wounded. But ouch, the sole of my shoe has come off. Rani : Ah ! You are not wounded.

AC I. 1) Hello !, 2) Ouch !, 3) Of course !, 4) Well done ! 5) Bravo !. II. 1) Hurrah ! We have won the match. 2) Oh ! I hurt. 3) Hello ! I am Ram. 4) Ah ! What a great news. 5) Ouch ! I’ve lost my purse. 6) Bravo ! You have done well. III. 1) Alas ! My pet got hurt. 2) What a beautiful monument ! 3) Hush ! The baby is sleeping. 4) Oh ! What a dirty shirt. 5) Hurrah ! We have won the match. 6) Aha ! What a terrible sound.

Part - II : COMPOSITION1. PARAGRAPH WRITING

My Sweet Home 1) father and mother, 2) parents, 3) love, 4) grandfather, grandmother,

5) office, 6) brings, 7) reads, 8) food, 9) respect.

My Sister 1) old, 2) beautiful, 3) face, 4) eyes, 5) temple, 6) maths,

7) habits, 8) work, 9) love.The Cow

1) useful, 2) four, 3) tail, 4) horns, 5) white, 6) grass, 7) milk, 8) sweet, 9) things, 10) children, 11) ox, 12) fields.

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The Camel 1) tall, 2) long, 3) strong, 4) hump, 5) water,

6) feet, 7) transport, 8) ship.

At The Railway Station 1) railway, 2) arrived, 3) alighting, 4) luggage, 5) uniform, 6) badge.

2. COMPREHENSIONThe Donkey in a Lion’s Skin

1) The donkey found a lion’s skin.

2) He put the lion’s skin on, and proudly ran through the jungle.

3) All the animals ran away in fear because they all thought the donkey was a real lion.

4) The donkey was so much pleased with the skin that he could not keep quiet. He put back his head and began to bray.

5) All the animals came to know that donkey was not a lion, but a donkey in a lion’s skin.

Unity is Strength 1) Yes, the pigeons were flying together.

2) Yes, the pigeons found some grains of rice to eat.

3) Yes, the pigeons were caught in the net.

4) Yes, the hunter caught the pigeons.

5) No, the pigeons did not start fighting with each other.

6) Yes, the mouse helped the pigeons.

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Part - III : SPOKEN ENGLISH

At the Bus stop : Sentences for Practice

Rani : No, I am not studying.

Roja : Then, what are you ?

Rani : Yes, I like.

Roja : Which games do you play ?

Asking about Food or Drink : Sentences for Practice

Roshan : No, I would like to drink something.

Rajan : What do you want to drink ?

Roshan : Nothing.

Enquiring about health : Sentences for Practice

Rani : Yes, I am taking medicines daily.

Rani : Yes, I am going to the check up regularly.

Rani : Yes, I am taking the diet properly.

Making an Enquiry : Sentences for Practice

Rani : Yes, I met the doctor only once.

Sheela : When was it ?

Rani : I got malaria fever.

Sheela : How many days were you in the hospital ?

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Part - I : GRAMMAR1. Alphabetical Order

✩ Ass - 1, Python - 12, Bat - 2, Mongoose - 11, Bull - 3, Cheetah - 5, Giraffe - 9, Tiger - 13, Tortoise - 14, Crane - 6, Deer - 7, Jackal - 10, Duck - 8, Camel - 4.

2. Make a new word ✩ 1) PEA, 2) RAT, 3) OWL, 4) NIB, 5) DEN, 6) INK, 7) PIN,

8) MUG, 9) ANT, 10) CAT, 11) TEA, 12) TAP, 13) SAW, 14) BUD, 15) TUB, 16) NET, 17) EAR, 18) TIN, 1 9) TOP, 20) PAN.

3. Compound Words Let’s Read Well : Post office, Neighbourhood, Postman, Letter box, Postbox,

Red paint, Money order, Postcard. Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Ramesh : It is in your school bag. Mahesh : Where is the toothpaste ? Mahesh : Where is my history book ? Ramesh : Your wristwatch is in the suitcase.

AC I. 1) armchair, 2) inside, 3) downfall, 4) typewriter, 5) overcoat. II. 1) Postman, 2) Blackboard, 3) Teaspoon, 4) Screwdriver, 6) Walking stick. III. 1) Zoo Park, 2) Wristwatch, 3) Handwriting, 4) Tea Time, 5) Seaside,

6) Homework, 7) Riverbank.

IV. The post office is a very useful place in our neighbourhood. How do the letters travel from place to place ? We write and send the letters by posting them in a letter box or postbox. The letters in the postbox are taken out by the postman. They are sorted out and sent to their places by aeroplane, train or bus. From the post office at the destination place, these letters are taken to the houses by the postman there.

GRAMMAR BOOK - 3

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4. Past Action But Still Continuous (Present Perfect Continuous Tense)

Let’s Read Well : Has been asking, Have been waiting, Has been, Has been raining, Has been waiting.

Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Roshan : What have you been doing ? Rohini : Helping me ! He has not helping me. He is playing. Roshan : Since when has he been playing ? Rohini : Yes, you are right.AC I. 1) I have been writing this letter since morning. 2) You have been

playing here for two hours. 3) He has been standing at the bus stop since morning. 4) We have been living in this house since 1990.

5) They have been talking for six hours. II. 1) I have been learning Grammar since June, 2005. 2) I have been staying

here since Pongal. 3) He has been ill for 5 days. 4) The teacher has been teaching in the class for half an hour. 5) They have not been talking with me since the first of August. III. 1) since, 2) for, 3) since, 4) since, 5) for. IV. 1) for, 2) since, 3) for, 4) since, 5) for, 6) since.

5. Action Words for Future Actions (Simple Future Tense)

Let’s Read Well : Who will, I shalln’t, I shall, They won’t, We shall, You won’t. Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Raju : Shall we help mom ? Raju & Rani : Shall we help you mom ? Mother : Yes, you will throw it into dustbin. Rani : Shall I pour the detergent into the washtub ? Mother : Yes, you will dust the furniture.AC I. 1) No, he will not come on Monday. 2) Yes, she will help in trouble.

3) No, he will not become a rich man. 4) Yes, you will pass the exam. 5) No, we shall not complete the work. II. 1) Will you come to my home ? 2) Shall I go to Mumbai tomorrow ? 3) Will she bring sweets for me ? 4) Will they go there ? 5) Will you wait for me ?

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III. 1) How much of rice shall we need ? 2) Whom shall I invite ? 3) How will he go to Vijayawada ? 4) When will she talk to me ? 5) How many more days will they spend here ?

6. Helping Verbs (The Auxilaries) Let’s Read Well : Is, were, was. Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Children : Mother, do we go out to play ? Mother : No, you don’t. Look, there are dark clouds in the sky. I think it is about

to rain. Children : Then, do we play inside ? Mother : Yes, you do but you do not make noise. You do play Ludo or Snakes

and Ladders.AC I. 1) are, 2) were, 3) are, 4) were, 5) is, 6) was,

7) was, 8) was, 9) am. II. 1) The girl is dancing. 2) The man is reading. 3) The woman is cooking. 4) The dog is barking. 5) The birds are flying. III. 1) are, 2) do, 3) is, 4) do, 5) is. IV. 1) Did, 2) Are, 3) Were, 4) Did, 5) Does. V. IS, DO, WERE, DOES, WAS.

7. Doing Words for Expressing Ability and Possibility (‘Can’ and ‘may’)

Let’s Read Well : Can, can’t Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Sohan : No, I can’t stitch clothes. Mohan : Can you read a book ? Sohan : No, I can’t fly an aeroplane. Mohan : Can you climb a tree ? Sohan : Yes, I can write a letter.AC I. 1) can, can’t, 2) can, can’t, 3) can, can’t.

II. 1) May it rain ? 2) Can you lift this stone ? 3) Can you swim across the river ? 4) May I go ? III. 1) Yes, 2) Yes, 3) Yes.

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8. Gender

Let’s Read Well : Farmer, Farm, Wife, Son, School, Friend, Father, Doctor, Person, Sister, Girl, Village.

Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : My name is Rani. Raju : What is your father’s name ? Rani : He does work in a factory. Raju : Have you any brothers and sisters ? Rani : Their names are Rajesh and Rajani. Raju : Were they younger or older than you ?

AC I. 1) My mother loves my sisters very much. 2) The girl helped the old woman to cross the road. 3) My wife cooks the food very well. 4) My Aunt has two daughters. 5) We saw a lioness and a tigress at the zoo.

II. 1) M, 2) F, 3) C, 4) F, 5) C, 6) F, 7) N, 8) C, 9) M, 10) M. III. 1) Doe, 2) Witch, 3) Lord, 4) Cow, 5) Niece, 6) Priestess,

7) Authoress, 8) Actress, 9) Hostess, 10) Mare, 11) Hind, 12) Governor, 13) Heroine, 14) Goddess.

9. Punctuation Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Suresh : Hello Rani, am I late today ? Suresh : Are Mohan and Sohan joining us ? Suresh : Oh, is Gopal bringing his car ? Rani : No, he is not bringing his car. Rani : Yes, we have to go by taxi. Suresh : Is Mohan bringing snacks ?

AC I. 1) Are you coming with us ? 2) I don’t like mangoes. 3) How beautiful the Taj Mahal is ! 4) “ Exactly so,” said Ram. 5) What a terrible fire this is !

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II. Everyday Mr. Raj wakes up at six o’clock. He runs round the park at quarter past six. One day when he was jogging in the park, an old man stopped and asked, “What is your name ?” The boy was so shy that he did not answer the old man. The next day also, the old man stopped the boy and asked, “What is your name ?” The boy did not respond. The third day also, the old man asked the same question. He did not answer. The old man then said to himself, “What a pity ! He is not only deaf but he is dumb also.” III. 1) She thinks I will pass with distinction. 2) I study Chinese at a famous University. 3) Mr. Raman is my teacher. 4) I don’t like eating apples. 5) What a wonderful building it is !

10. Word Building ✩ BIB, BAT, TIN, NET, TOP, PEA, ANT, TIE, EYE, EAR, RAT, TUB, BUS.

Part - II : COMPOSITION1. CLUE - BASED COMPOSITION

Rani and her Parrot I. 1) sister, 2) caught, 3) came, 4) kept, 5) apple, 6) water,

7) drink, 8) wings, 9) door, 10) flew. II. Parrot is a beautiful bird. It is in green colour. But its beak is in red colour. It

can speak if we learn it some words. It eats fruits, nuts and other things. Parrot is a pet bird. We kept them in cages.

At the zoo I. 1) sunday, 2) father, 3) sister, 4) zoo, 5) lion, leopard, deer, 6) birds,

7) peacock, owl, 8) uncle, daughters, 9) animals, 10) home. II. Peacock is our National bird. It looks beautiful with long, colourful feathers. It

is green in colour. It has long tail. It likes rain. That’s why, it dances when it is raining. It eats insects, snakes etc.

Alexander, the Great I. 1) Greek, 2) brave, intelligent, 3) battles, 4) golden, 5) conquer,

6) army, 7) Porus, 8) defeated, 9) captured, 10) victory. II. Ashoka was one of the greatest rulers of our country. He belonged to Mauryan

dynasty. Ashoka’s desire is to expand his empire. So he invaded Kalinga and conquered it. Thousands of people were killed and so many were wounded in that war. This ghastly scene moved Ashoka very much. Then he embraced Buddhism, which preached the path of non-violence.

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2. QUESTION - BASED COMPOSITION

The girls at work in the house A mother and her daughters are living in a beautiful house. She has two

daughters. The girl sitting on the floor is colouring pictures. There lies a ball and two crayons near her. The other girl is sitting on sofa. She is reading a book. There is a book and a newspaper on the teapoy which is in front of her. Their mother is cooking in the kitchen.

Game of Cricket The boys in the picture are playing cricket. There are six stumps; three at one

end of the pitch and three at the other end. There stands a batsman with a bat in his hands in front of the stumps. He uses the bat to hit the ball when it comes. After hitting the ball, he starts running between the stumps along the pitch. There stands a wicket-keeper behind the stumps to catch the ball when it comes. The all other boys do fielding, that means, they stop the ball when the batsman hits to avoid him taking runs and giving runs.

3. COMPREHENSIONThe Farmer

✩ 1) Long ago, everybody worked on the land. 2) There were many small farms all over the country. 3) The corn that the farmers grew was used to make their bread. 4) The trees helped the farmer for making buildings of the farm and furniture. 5) The farmer made clothing for his family from the animals’ skin.

Man in Space ✩ 1) For thousands of years, people have been dreaming of travelling into space.

2) An astronaut is a person who travels into space in a spacecraft and studies about space. 3) In the year 1961, a Russian astronaut, Yuri Gagarin became the first man to enter into space and to orbit the Earth. That means, it was for the first time that the man entered into space. 4) Neil Armstrong was an American astronaut. He was the first person to set foot on the moon. 5) In space, there

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is no air to breathe. So, astronauts must take air with them in their spacecraft. When they leave their spacecraft, they must put on a spacesuit. This supplies them air and keeps their bodies at the right temperature.

Imran, the Fisherman ✩ 1) He always dreaming of what he would do if he were rich. 2) One day, while

walking home from work, his foot struck against a leather pouch filled with, what seemed to him, small stones. 3) He began throwing the pebbles into the water. 4) As Imran held the last pebble in his hand, a ray of light caught it and made it sparkle. 5) He realized then, that it was a valuable gem and that he had been throwing away the real riches in his hand while he dreamed idly of unreal riches in the future.

Part - III : SPOKEN ENGLISH

At the tailor’s shop : Sentences for Practice

Tailor : What can I do for you, sir ? Tailor : Yes, I can stitch, sir. Tailor : Why not, sir. Have you brought the cloth ? Customer : Yes, here it is. Tailor : Do you want long one or short one ? Tailor : Don’t worry sir, we charge less. Customer : How much do you take ? Tailor : Not too much, sir. It is normal.

Asking about birthday : Sentences for Practice Raju : Do you celebrate your birthday ? Rani : My birthday falls in July. Rani : When does your birthday come ? Raju : If that is so, you were born before your grandfather or great grandfather.

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Finding out the way...... : Sentences for Practice Sohan : Go straight, turn right and then turn left. Sohan : No. You must first turn right and then turn left. Rohan : Is it far from here ? Sohan : No, you cannot. Sohan : No. You take just a city bus.

At the canteen : Sentences for Practice Rani : I feel so hungry. Shall we go to a canteen ? Rani : Yes, I did. But first let me eat something. Father : Then, let’s go to canteen. Father : You can have samosa and biscuits. Rani : Dad, don’t you eat anything ? Rani : After eating these, I will have an ice cream. Father : Yes, you can.

You are late to school : Sentences for Practice Sohan : May I come in, Madam ? Teacher : No. You are late again. Teacher : You are coming late everyday. Teacher : Why ? Sohan : I got fever, Madam. Teacher : Have you consulted a doctor ? Sohan : The doctor said to take rest.

Going on a picnic : Sentences for Practice Tourist Clerk : To which place, Madam ? Tourist Clerk : Brindavan Gardens is the best place, Madam. Rani : What do you arrange to reach there ? Tourist Clerk : No problem, Madam. A taxi can accommodate many persons. Rani : Do you note my address ? Rani : For next Sunday.

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Part - I : GRAMMAR1. Proper Nouns

Let's Read Well : Mahatma Gandhi, India, October, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, British, January, Gandhiji.

Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : Gandhiji was the Father of our Nation. Raju : When was he born ? Rani : His real name was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. Raju : What did he love ? Rani : Gandhiji fought against the British. Raju : Whom did Gandhiji force to leave the country ? Rani : Gandhiji was a religious person. Raju : When was he killed ?

AC I. 1) Raju lives in Vijayawada. 2) Bengaluru is the garden city. 3) My brother's name is Ram. 4) The Ganga is the longest river. 5) My birthday is on 13th of September. 6) Sunday is a holiday. II. 1) Godavari, South India. 2) New Delhi, India.

3) Raju, October. 4) Taj Mahal, Agra, 5) Everest. III. Across Down 1. MACMILLAN 1. WATT 2. GALILEO 2. BELL 3. NOBEL 4. JENNER IV. camel, ass, horse, goat, rabbit. V. SCHOOL , POST OFFICE , POLICE STATION, TEMPLE, PARK

2. Common Nouns Let's Read Well : Bird, Insect, Grains, Park, Garden, Plate, Beak, Bushes. Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Bearer : Yes, we have got samosas. Rani : Have you got any cutlets ? Bearer : How many biscuits do you want ? Raju : Do you have juices ? Raju : I’d like banana juice.

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AC I. 1) TAILOR, 2) PILOT, 3) TEACHER, 4) POSTMAN, 5) PAINTER, 6) ARCHITECT. II. 1) cabbage, 2) pig, 3) fish, 4) bridge, 5) table.

III. 1) Cycle, 2) Bird, 3) Tree, 4) Child, 5) Girl, 6) Man, 7) Flower, 8) Planet, 9) Animal.

IV. 1) Dog, 2) Country, 3) Month, 4) Week day, 5) Language, 6) River, 7) Sea, 8) School, 9) City, 10) Peak, 11) Bike, 12) Chocolate, 13) Milk powder.

3. Abstract Nouns Let’s Read Well : Strength, Beauty, Bravery, Cleverness, Braveness, Honesty. Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : Politeness. Rani : Strength. Rani : Foolishness. Rani : Cleverness. Rani : Honesty. Rani : Kindness.

AC I. 1) failure, 2) selfishness, 3) cleverness, 4) length, width, 5) height, weight. II. 1) patience, 2) choice, 3) pride, 4) punishment, 5) infancy. III. 1) manhood, 2) womanhood, 3) friendship, 4) infancy, 5) width. IV. KINDNESS, MOVEMENT, KNOWLEDGE, LIFE, DEPARTURE,

ADVICE, DISCOVERY, MANHOOD.

V. 1) falsehood, 2) impoliteness, 3) dishonesty, 4) unkindness, 5) impatience, 6) Guilty, 7) timidness, 8) weakness, 9) discourtesy, 10) kindness.

VI. 1) dryness, 2) deadness (death), 3) lightness, 4) uncertainty, 5) deafness, 6) warmth, 7) blindness, 8) suppleness.

4. Collective Nouns Let’s Read Well : Flock, Grove, Swarm, Bunch. Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : A brood of chickens. Raju : What is a group of fish called ? Rani : A bouquet of flowers. Rani : A crowd of people. Raju : What is a group of buses called ? Rani : A gang of thieves.

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AC I. 1) shoal, 2) pack, 3) crew, 4) fleet, 5) library. II. 1) bouquet, 2 ) collection, 3) group, 4) bunch, 5) gang. III. 1) bunch, 2) gang, 3) crowd, 4) team, 5) swarm. IV. Across : CLASS, HEAP. Down : CROWD, FLOCK, SCHOOL.

5. Adjectives of Quality Let’s Read Well : Pretty little girl, Little Red Riding Hood, Beautiful flowers,

Sweet voice, Big eyes, Big ears, Big teeth, Cunning wolves, Poor Old Woman. Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : It has two big ears. They are like hand fans. Father : The elephant has short tail. Rani : What kind of animal is the elephant ? Father : They are its teeth. They are called tusks. Father : They are useful to carry logs in the forest.AC I. 1) old, poor, 2) strong, fierce, 3) beautiful, 4) useful, 5) faithful.

II. 1) hot, 2) fat, 3) old, 4) small. III. 1) clever, 2) sour, sweet, 3) long, 4) sharp, 5) good. IV. 1) hairy, 2) quick, 3) cunning, 4) green, 5) changeable. V. BEAUTIFUL, SHORT, FAT, SMALL, BIG, LARGE, BROWN.

6. Adjectives of Quantity Let’s Read Well : Many, Some, Fully, Much, Few, Little. Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Clerk : The train starts at 2:00 p.m. in the afternoon. Mohan : At what time does the Delhi express depart ? Clerk : The fare to Delhi is ` 1200. Clerk : Yes, some berths are vacant. Mohan : How far is Delhi from Vijayawada ?AC I. 1) much, 2) no, 3) many, 4) many, 5) much.

II. 1) little, 2) some, 3) no, 4) few, 5) many, 6) several. III. 1) many, 2) few, 3) full, 4) no.

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7. Adjectives of Number Let’s Read Well : Six, First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, Last, Each. Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue - 1 Rani : Sunday is the first day of the week. Raju : What is the second day of the week ? Rani : Tuesday is the third day of the week. Raju : What is the fourth day of the week ? Rani : Thursday is the fifth day of the week. Raju : What is the sixth day of the week ? Rani : Saturday is the seventh day of the week. Fill in the dialogue - 2 Rani : There are twelve months in a year. Rani : January is the first month of the year. Raju : What is the third month of the year ? Rani : April is the fourth month of the year. Raju : What is the sixth month of the year ? Rani : July is the seventh month of the year. Rani : November is the eleventh month of the year. Raju : What is the last month of the year ?AC I. 1) many, 2) first, 3) some, 4) all, 5) two.

II. 1) 30, 2) 24, 3) two, four, 4) 12. III. BOOKS.

8. Demonstrative Adjectives Let’s Read Well : These, That. Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Mohan : Is that a sheep ? Mohini : Yes. That is a cat. Mohini : No. This is not my pen. Mohan : Is that your cat ? Mohini : No. Those are not my books. Mohan : Are they toys ? Mohini : No. This is not my bicycle.

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AC I. 1) That, 2) This, 3) Those, 4) These. II. 1) I know that boy. 2) These small, yellow flowers are pretty.

3) What shall I do with this egg ? 4) Please bring me those red boxes from the corner.

5) Oh ! These are the books I was looking for ! III. 1) Those are happy boys. 2) That is a fresh flower. 3) This is an exciting story.

4) This is a broken computer. 5) There are eleven players in the team. IV. This, There, There, There, There, There.

9. Transitive Verbs Let’s Read Well : River, Lake, Pot, Pebbles, Water, Crow Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Sohan : It is near the telegraph office. Mohan : Could you tell me where the telephone office is ? Sohan : Yes, there is a medical shop just a quarter kilometre away. Mohan : Excuse me, could you tell me where the bank is ? Sohan : Yes, the railway station is quite far from here.AC I. 1) letter, 2) apple, 3) book, 4) novel, 5) lesson.

II. 1) woman, slowly. 2) Roshan, game. 3) Rani, purse. 4) Cow, milk. 5) Birds, nests. 6) We, bus. 7) He, homework. 8) Children, school.

Part - II : COMPOSITION1. QUESTION - BASED COMPOSITION

A Stormy Night ✩ Look at the picture. It was a dark, stormy night. There was heavy downpour.

The wind is blowing rigorously. This picture was taken during night-time when the weather was stormy. The house is located beside the road. The man in the picture is on his way to home. Suddenly, his car stopped due to tyre puncture. He tried maximum to repair it. But, he couldn’t withstand in that stormy weather condition. So, he ran here and there for a shelter. At last, he found the house. As he going for shelter into that house, a street dog is barking at him.

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The Crow and the Cheese ✩ There was a black crow sitting on the branch of a tree. There was a house

in front of the tree. The window of the house was kept open. The crow was

seeing into the house through the window. It was looking at the cheese on the

table. She thought that how to get the cheese and if there was nobody in the

house, I would get it. As such, she looked for persons in the house. She found

nobody. Then, she took away the piece of cheese.

2. HINT - BASED COMPOSITIONThe Horse

✩ The horse is a very useful animal. It has long legs, an arched neck, a long

mane and a long tail. The horse is known for its intelligence, speed and strength.

It eats hay, grass and gram. The horse is useful in many ways. It is used for

riding, for pulling carts and carriages and sometimes, even for ploughing the

field. It is also known for its faithfulness. Like a dog, it is also faithful to its

master. Due to many good characteristics, it became a friend of man.

Our School Library ✩ We have a library in our school. So, we are very lucky. A library is a place

where a multiple collection of books on various subjects are kept. There is a

head for every library. He looks after the library. He gives us books. He always

keeps the books in good condition. The books in the library are kept in glass

cupboards and are arranged in an easy-to-find way. We should maintain silence

in the library. We shouldn’t disturb other readers by talking, loud reading etc.

We should read silently. There are many uses of libraries. One can find books

on all subjects. We can improve our knowledge. We can clarify our doubts.

Students who are poor and can’t buy books, a library is a useful place for them.

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3. COMPREHENSIONThe Wolf and the Lamb

✩ 1) The wolf went to a stream. 2) The wolf saw a lamb drinking water. 3) The wolf shouted at the lamb, “Why are you making the water muddy ?

Can’t you see that I want to drink it ?’’ 4) The little lamb said, “How can I make the water muddy ? The water is flowing

down from you to me.’’ 5) The wolf fell on the poor innocent lamb and ate him up.

Wild Animals ✩ 1) in forests and grasslands. 2) cats, dogs. 3) wild, zoo, circus. 4) animals, natural. 5) wild, food. 6) wildlife, wild animals. 7) Hunters, wildlife parks.

Part - III : SPOKEN ENGLISHAsking the time : Sentences for Practice

Rohan : I am sorry. I don’t know. Mohan : Don’t you have a watch ? Mohan : Excuse me, is there any clock tower ? Passer-by (2) : Yes, it is half-past ten.

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Complaining : Sentences for Practice Rani : This pen is not writing well. Shopkeeper : Let me see. Shopkeeper : The nib has broken. Shopkeeper : Not the pen, but we replace the nib only. Shopkeeper : Yes, it writes well. Rani : Yes. I want Spanish model pen. Rani : Do you have European model ?

Expressing Sympathy : Sentences for Practice Sohan : Yes, it so happened. Mohan : When did it happen ? Sohan : The driver of opposite vehicle was drunk. Mohan : Where is your mother ? Sohan : He is a little better. Mohan : What did the doctor say ? Sohan : Yes, he needs to be in the hospital. Mohan : For how many days ?

At the Hotel : Sentences for Practice Bearer : Yes, here it is, sir. Customer : Do you have veg-biryani ? Bearer : Just a minute, sir. Customer : What happened ? Customer : By the time you bring, my time will be over. Bearer : Sorry, but the curry is to be cooked, sir.

At the Hospital : Sentences for Practice Doctor : Good afternoon. What happened ? Doctor : Let me see. Doctor : OK, I shall check up. Rani : Has it fractured, doctor ? Doctor : Don’t worry. I shall give pain - killers for it.

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Part - I : GRAMMAR1. The Sentence

Let’s Read Well : Subject Predicate two women Once there arose a dispute between the same child Both of them claimed she was the child’s real mother. you are a liar. I gave birth to this child. There was no one who could stand witness for either of them. the dispute it was very difficult to settle. Both of them agreed to go to the King for justice. The King was very wise. He heard their statements. Each of them claimed to be the child’s mother. your problem There can be only one solution to The child should be cut into two halves. Each of you can have half the child. one of the women kept quiet. But the other one began to weep bitterly. She fell at the King’s feet. She requested the King not to cut the child. She was willing to give up her claim. give the child to this woman but don’t cut it. This affection was a clear proof. she was the child’s mother. The King gave his judgement. The child was given to its real mother. The other woman was sent to jail for her wickedness.

Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Raju : Where are you going ? Raju : For whom to give it ? Rani : It is at her house. Raju : Does Radha coming ? Rani : Then, will you take me to shop ?

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AC I. 1) It is very cold. 2) Don't make a noise. 3) The rose is very lovely. 4) It is a very sad event. II. 1) Were their books torn ? 2) What children like? 3) Where did she go ? 4) When did it rain ? III. 1) She is not ill today. 2) Sita does not sing well. 3) Raman does not play well.

4) Don't tell everybody. IV. 1) AS, 2) EX, 3) EX, 4) IMP, 5) INT, 6) AS, 7) AS, 8) INT.

2. Personal Pronouns Let's Read Well : It, Her, She, Their, I, They. Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Raju : Is that Ragini's bag ? Rani : Yes. I gave my bag to her. Raju : Where are your books ? Rani : Yes. We have to submit our books to him. Raju : Where does he keep our books ?AC I. 1) She, 2) They, 3) It, 4) We.

II. 1) He - Third Person. 2) You - Second Person. 3) She, her - Third Person; Me - First Person. 4) You - Second Person; him - Third Person. III. 1) him, 2) she, 3) it, 4) you, 5) we.

IV. 1) It is really beautiful. 2) He is a good cricketer. 3) Raju helps her until she has finished. 4) He is my brother. I am waiting for him. 5) She is our friend. We often play with her.

3. Demonstrative & Indefinite Pronouns Let's Read Well : This, Some, Nobody, That, Many, All, Everyday, Something. Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : Is this your kite, Raju ? Raju : Yes. It is mine. Sekhar : Whose kite is this ? Raju : Whose cap is this ?

AC I. 1) D.A. 2) D.A. 3) D.P. 4) D.P. 5) D.A. 6) D.A. 7) D.A. 8) D.A. 9) D.A. 10) D.P. II. 1) One, 2) all, 3) None, 4) Few, 5) Some, 6) Everybody, 7) Nobody, 8) Many.

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III. 1) This : This girl can dance. 2) Few : Only few people are there in the theatre. 3) That : That is the best among them. 4) Nobody : Nobody attended the examination. 5) These : These are the large selling items. 6) None : None of us has gone to America. 7) Those : Those are my toys. 8) Many : There are many stalls in the exhibition. 9) One : One can do it very easily. 10) Everything : Everything is in its place. IV. SOMEBODY, EVERYTHING, NONE, MANY, FEW, LOT, ALL.

4. Distributive Pronouns Let's Read Well : Each, Neither. Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : Nobody knows. I've asked them. Raju : Who left it here ? Raju : Can you see any name on it ? Rani : No, no one opened it. Raju : Are you too not opened it, Rekha. Rani : Even I not opened it.AC I. 1) Neither, 2) Each, 3) Neither, 4) Each. II. 1) Neither, 2) Each other, 3) Each,

4) Either, 5) One another. III. 1) Each : Each one of us must give support to other. 2) Either : There are shops on either side of the road. 3) Neither : Neither witness saved his life. 4) One another : They helped one another. 5) Each other : All of us must co-operate with each other.

5. Reflexive & Emphatic Pronouns Let's Read Well : He himself did not know what to do Emphatic.

The people whom the dog bit themselves gave an idea. Emphatic. The dog felt proud of itself and its new collar. Reflexive.

" Why do you feel so proud of yourself ? " Reflexive. On hearing this, the dog felt ashamed of itself. Reflexive. Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Raju : Be careful, boys. Don't hurt yourselves. Boys : Yes, uncle. We take care of ourselves. Raju : Don't play with that saw you may cut yourselves. Boys : No uncle, we won't cut ourselves. We are enjoying ourselves. Boys : No, thanks. We can do it ourselves.

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AC I. 1) ourselves, 2) yourself, 3) themselves, 4) herself, 5) yourselves, 6) itself, 7) themselves. II. 1) I myself clean my room. 2) I pack my school bag myself. 3) I myself make my bed. 4) I don’t make my breakfast myself. III. 1) yourself, 2) myself, 3) myself, 4) yourself, 5) itself.

IV. 1) E, 2) R, 3) R, 4) R, 5) R, 6) R, 7) R, 8) E.6. Relative Pronouns

Let's Read Well : Who. Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : A photographer is someone who takes the photos. Raju : Who is a hairdresser ? Rani : A typist is someone who types letters on typewriter. Raju : Who is a journalist ? Rani : An artist is someone who draws and paints pictures. Raju : Who is a mechanic ?AC I. 1) The dog bit the burglar who had broken the house. 2) Here is the doctor

that cured me of Malaria. 3) I saw a soldier who had lost an arm. 4) She has a friend who is a clever artist. 5) I know a man who has a wooden leg. 6) I know the man who stolen your bicycle.

II. 1) that, 2) whom, 3) whom, 4) which, 5) that. III. 1) whom, 2) which, 3) that, 4) whom, 5) that, 6) which.

7. Adverbs of Time Let's Read Well : When, Now, Once, Today, Before, Ago. Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : What do you mean ? Raju : No, school reopens as usual. Rani : Then, how many more holidays we are getting ? Raju : Yes, you are right. Rani : Shall we plan a picnic ?AC I. 1) now, 2) never, 3) soon, 4) ago, 5) daily, 6) already,

7) hardly, 8) late. II. 1) yesterday, today. 2) tonight. 3) sometimes. 4) tonight. 5) now. 6) tomorrow. III. 1) soon, 2) early, 3) late, 4) never, 5) tomorrow, 6) yesterday, 7) Never, 8) late, 9) Lately.

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8. Adverbs of Place Let's Read Well : Out, In, Here, Anywhere, Away, Down. Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Raju : Where do you practice badminton ? Rani : Because it is a Government stadium. Raju : To which it belong ? Rani : My coach helps me. Raju : OK, see you again.AC I. 1) backward, 2) upstairs, 3) away, 4) outside, 5) below, 6) up, 7) down,

8) above. II. 1) there, 2) out, 3) upwards, 4) away, 5) everywhere, 6) near. III. 1) there, 2) away, 3) here, 4) there, 5) there.

9. Adverbs Of Manner Let's Read Well : Fast, Slowly. Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : Yes, they are very beautiful. Raju : Shall we stay some more time ? Rani : Yes, it may rain. Raju : Do you like getting wet in the rain. Rani : Well, we may fall ill. Raju : Then, what should we do ?AC I. 1) melodiously, 2) fast, 3) merrily, 4) happily, 5) easily, 6) kindly.

II. 1) well, 2) hard, 3) quickly, 4) carefully, 5) brightly, 6) carelessly, 7) slowly, 8) loudly.

III. 1) The fan is moving noisely. 2) The company's sales are growing steadily. 3) Lata Mangeshkar sings sweetly. 4) Open the box carefully.

5) We must execute the plan secretly. IV. NOBLY, FAST, SOFTLY, HARD, BRAVELY, SADLY, ABLY, SWEETLY.

10. Comparison of Adjectives Let's Read Well : Wise, Wisest, Wittiest, Best, Healthy, Healthiest. Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Mother : No. You have not. Rani : Mummy, may I have this doll ? Rani : May I have this clay dog, mummy ? Mother : What do you want ? Mother : Do you want this doll ?

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AC I. 1) lighter, 2) better, 3) best, 4) cleverest, 5) most useful, 6) stronger. II. 1) C.D. 2) P.D. 3) C.D. 4) S.D. 5) C.D. 6) S.D. 7) S.D. III. Comparative Superlative 1) more beautiful most beautiful 2) costlier costliest 3) drier driest 4) more famous most famous 5) worse worst 6) weaker weakest 7) wiser wisest 8) happier happiest 9) prettier prettiest 10) sadder saddest 11) prouder proudest 12) heavier heaviest 13) colder coldest 14) hotter hottest 15) lovelier loveliest 16) luckier luckiest 17) smaller smallest 18) more interesting most interesting 19) more intelligent most intelligent

11. Intransitive Verbs Let's Read Well : Butterflies and moths suck the nectar. Mosquitoes and bugs

pierce the skin. A leech sucks the blood.

Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue - 1 Rani : Yes, the birds fly. Raju : Do the sparrows quack ? Raju : Do the monkeys swing ? Rani : No, they do not. They walk or run.

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Fill in the dialogue - 2 Rani : Yes, the lions roar. Raju : Do the cocks crow ? Rani : No. They do not. Raju : Do the dogs bark ?AC I. 1) ran, 2) sank, 3) feel, 4) spoke, 5) kicks, 6) fight.

II. 1) intransitive, 2) intransitive, 3) transitive, 4) intransitive, 5) transitive. III. WEPT, CRY, ROAR, DRANK, SHINES, BARKS, RAN.

12. Direct And Indirect SpeechAC I. 1) He ordered the beggar to go away. 2) The teacher ordered

the boys to run away. 3) He asked us to give him another. 4) He advised me to clean it myself. 5) I told Misha to leave it on the Piano.

II. 1) He ordered me to shut the door. 2) The boy requested his father to forgive him this time. 3) He advised me to not waste my time.

4) I told Raju to not try to be funny. 5) He told Mohan to get his hair cut. III. 1) He asked my teacher that he needs his / her help. 2) I told her that I

don’t know what he will say. 3) He asked the teacher that he is sorry, he is late. 4) He told the doctor that he had fallen downstairs. 5) She said that she has had broken her glass. IV. 1) He says that he likes animals. 2) Raju will say that she is busy now. 3) Raju says that they are now ready. 4) He will say that he does not know me. 5) Kitty says that she has a toy for me.

Part - II : COMPOSITION1. PICTURE - BASED COMPOSITION

Safe Travel Daily, we go to school. We go to school by vehicles like auto-rickshaws,

rickshaws, vans and buses. Drivers load their vehicles with more number of students than the vehicle capacity. It is dangerous to drive such vehicles. So, we should not get into those vehicles. We also have to advise our parents and teachers to avoid these situations. We ourselves have to sit properly in the vehicles while moving. We should not stand. We should not push other students. Some students also go to school on foot. These students must obey the traffic rules. If we follow the above precautions, our travel becomes safe.

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Modern Life Made Easy There is a well-known saying that Necessity is the mother of invention.

That means, all the inventions that took place in this world are mainly due to their indispensable requirement. These inventions include simple to complex machines. Inventions like washing machine, refrigerator, television, motorcycle and car made today's life easy, i.e. they save time, energy and some machines show outstanding features. The washing machine washes our clothes, the fridge keeps things cool and avoid spoiling, the television shows the events took place thousands of miles away at our home and motorcycle and car made travelling comfortable and fast. Not only these, there are thousands of machines which made the modern life easy.

2. COMPREHENSIONWhales

1. i) Elephant, Whale. ii) One hundred and twenty tons; Seven tons. iii) Many tons of food; Two to three tons of food. iv) The Blue whale; Plankton. v) Large spaces of whale's huge skull.

vi) (a) candles, (b) cosmetics. 2. i) Giant. ii) Tiny.

A Passage ✩ 1) water. 2) lakes, rivers. 3) due to growing population, trade and industry.

4) pipes. 5) filtration plants. 6) a) They are busy. b) They are filled with machines. 7) a) Population, b) filtration. 8) a) Know the value of water so that we don't waste it. b) Know the risk behind the journey of water from miles away to shower in your hand. 9) Water - A Valuable Resource.

Part - III : SPOKEN ENGLISHSeeking Permission : Sentences for Practice

Officer : No, you cannot. Officer : Even though, you cannot. Aruna : Please madam, for this time only. Aruna : OK, madam. Aruna : No, madam. It is not finished. Aruna : Yes, Madam.

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An Interview : Sentences for Practice Sita : Thank you, Madam. Chairperson : What is your name ? Sita : Damarla Sita. Chairperson : How old are you ? Sita : I passed graduation with science. Chairperson : Have you got any experience ? Sita : My family shifted here and the Ravi Publishers is

located in Vijayawada.

At the Taxi Stand : Sentences for Practice Clerk : Yes, you can. Tourist : Where is the taxi stand ? Driver : Yes, we take you, Madam. Tourist : How much do you take ? Driver : Yes, Madam. Tourist : If no passengers came, then....... Tourist : It's all right.

At the Office Reception : Sentences for Practice Receptionist : No, you cannot. He is busy. Client : Could you inform that I don't have too much time ? Receptionist : After half-an-hour. Receptionist : Yes, you have to wait. Client : Madam, shall I have to wait still ? Client : Madam, shall I meet him now ? Receptionist : Yes, you can.

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Part - I : GRAMMAR1. The Sentence and the phrase

Let's Read Well : through a thick forest, in the river, on the bank, into the river, into his shell, a very hard shell, lost his prey.

Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Enquiry Clerk : We are showing an horror film. Clerk : Yes, it is 'Anaconda' Raman : Is it a good horror film ? Rani : Yes, we must see it. Clerk : Only few seats left. Do you want advance reservation ? Raman : We want seats in balcony.AC I. 1) P 2) S 3) S 4) P 5) P 6) S 7) P 8) S 9) S 10) P.

II. 1) It is Sunday today. 2) Rani has lost her cat. 3) Boys are flying kites. 4) Is that your uncle, Ram ? 5) The last train has gone. III. 1 - f, 2 - e, 3 - d, 4 - c, 5 - b, 6 - a. IV. 1) Come home,quickly. 2) Before the evening, I must complete this work. 3) Go to school. 4) After the game, the students left the school. 5) At 5 o'clock, Rajan came. 6) In the school, I don't play. Story in Pictures (Pictures / row - wise numbers) 8, 1, 4, 6, 10, 7, 3, 2, 5, 9.

(Sentences / top to bottom) 9, 5, 2, 3, 7, 10, 6, 4, 1, 8.

2. Kinds Of Sentences Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. You : Who is that ? You : Have you a search warrant ? You : (opening the door) what did he do ? You : How old is he ?

GRAMMAR BOOK - 6

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AC I. 1) IMP 2) E 3) E 4) IMP 5) INT 6) IMP 7) D 8) D 9) D 10) INT II. Negative Emphatic

2) She isn’t a good student.3) The boys did not fly kites.4) Don’t come here.5) She hasn’t a dog.6) Rani didn’t write a letter.

2) She is so good student.3) The boys did fly kites.4) Do come here.5) She do has a dog.6) Rani did write a letter.

III. 2) She does not work hard. 3) It is very hot. 4) How rudely, he speaks ! 5) Give your book to Ramu. 6) We tried hard. 7) She isn't late. 8) Don't bring me your troubles. IV. 1) Does she read well ? 2) Did it rain last night ? 3) Does he live in Guntur ? 4) Is the good at Mathematics ? 5) Is she angry with you ? 6) Are the cattle grazing? V. 1) What 2) Who 3) Where 4) When 5) How 6) Why.

Imperatives in Flash Cards Row Wise : 11, 10; 9, 8, 7; 6, 5, 4; 3, 2, 1. 2) Iron the shirt. 3) Stop the radio. 4) Cut the nails. 5) Brush your teeth.

6) Open the gate. 7) Turn-off the tap. 8) Switch on the T.V. 9) Mend your shoes. 10) Bake the cake. 11) Comb your hair. 12) Eat healthy food.

3. Question Tags Let’s Read Well : do you ? ; No, I don’t. Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : Yes, I do. Rani : No, I don’t. Rani : Yes, they do. Rani : No, they don’t Rani : Yes, we do. Rani : No, they don’t Rani : Yes, they do. Rani : No, they don’t.

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AC I. 1) hasn't he ? 2) couldn't they ? 3) isn't she ? 4) aren't you ? 5) can't I ? 6) shouldn't we ?

II. 1) willn't she ? 2) Shalln't we ? 3) didn't he ? 4) doesn't she ? 5) doesn't he ? 6) didn't she ?

III. 1) don't we ? 2) don't you ? 3) don't they ? 4) don't they ? 5) don't we ? 6) don't you ?

IV. 1) didn't it ? 2) didn't it ? 3) didn't it ? 4) didn't I? 5) didn't they ? 6) didn't it ?

Let’s play the word game 2) The foot of a hill. 3) The heel of a shoe. 4) The nose of an aeroplane.

5) The eye of a needle. 6) The head of a family. 7) The mouth of a river. 8) The hands of a clock. 9) The teeth of a comb.

4. The Parts Of Speech Let's Read Well : Nouns : Raju, sister, book, birds, rabbit, bush, watch, hole, earth, tree. Pronouns : his, he, I, him, Verbs : sitting, reading, looking, came, running, looked, said, getting, surprised,

heard, talk, got up, ran, entered, disappeared. Adjectives : white, late. Adverbs: slowly, suddenly, never, soon. Prepositions : under, at, out, after, in. Conjunctions : and. Interjections : Oh! Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : Yes,we shall. Rani : Is Mohan coming ? Rani : That’s very nice. Rani : But, they have not come yet. Rani : In that case we shall go in. Rani : Don’t be silly! I am not scared of reptiles. Rani : In that case, we should not have come here.AC I. 1) V 2) N 3) Pro 4) Adj 5) Adv 6) P 7) C 8) I.

II. 1) Birds fly. 2) The boy shouted angrily. 3) He is a doctor. 4) The horse runs fast. 5) Oh! The dog bit me. 6) This boy likes you.

7) John is a man. 8) The cat sat on a mat.G. Book - 643

III. Date : Dear Pintoo, I hope you are well. On Sunday, I went to watch a football match. I saw

the match. Our team played well. Finally we won it. Then I went to have tea with my

friend at Taj Palace. No more to pen. - Bindu.

The Hidden Word b o o k

5. The Nouns Let's Read Well : Proper Nouns : Taj Mahal, Agra, Jamuna, Mughal, Mumtaz Mahal,

Shah Jahan. Common Nouns : Building, Kings and Emperors, Wives, Men, People. Material Noun : Marble Abstract Nouns : Affection, love. Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Counter Clerk : Right now, we have a flight. Raju : Can I get a ticket ? Counter Clerk : It's at 6 o'clock in the evening. Raju : Can I get ticket for the evening flight ? Raju : When can I have ? Raju : Are you sure that you have it for next Sunday ? Counter Clerk : Yes, we have. Can I book ? Raju : Two seats. AC I. 2) teacher, girls 3) woman, husband 4) grocer

5) shopkeeper, man 6) man, brothers.

II. 1) dog 2) table 3) chair 4) ostrich 5) Raju 6) gold.

III. Proper Nouns : Bengaluru, Kerala, Raman, Chennai, India, Cauvery. Abstract Nouns : virtue, worry, happiness. Material Nouns : sand, diamond, wealth. Collective Nouns : city, shop, fisherman, market, army.

IV. 1) team 2) regiment 3) collection 4) band 5) bundle 6) gang 7) swarm, flock 8) bouquet.

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Let’s Unscramble Proper Nouns : Raman, Hindi, Sunday, May, Rose, Pine, India, Lily,

Banana, Hut, Skate. Common Nouns : teacher, school, doctor, star, cap, book, boy, man, bee, wood, ash, meat, steel, room, fish, box, marble, gold, fan, ring, kite. Collective Nouns : army, crowd. Abstract Nouns : truth, sorrow.

6. Forming Plurals (Number) Let’s Read Well : CN - house, room, table, chairs, plates, bowls, person. UN - rice, dal, curry and curd, food. Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Shopkeeper : What do you want, sir ? Shopkeeper : Here they are, sir. Mohan : Are these the riped ones ? Mohan : Good I take. Shopkeeper : Do you take onions ? Mohan : One kg, please. Shopkeeper : Here they are, sir. Shopkeeper : Have a look at these ones, sir. Shopkeeper : Twenty rupees a kg, sir. AC I. 1) Fathers - in - law 2) Potatoes 3) Cherries 4) Women

5) Wolves 6) Chimneys 7) Police 8) Princesses. II. 1) The boys are drinking milk. 2) The children are playing. 3) The oxen are grazing in the field. 4) The lions eat flesh. 5) The crows are sitting on the tree. III. 2) Here are some white pieces of chalk. 3) Buy some fresh loaves of bread from the market. 4) Please give me some money. 5) May I play in the rain ? 6) These toys are made of wood. IV. 1) light - uncountable noun; room - countable noun. 2) painting - countable noun.

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3) houses - countable noun; stone - countable noun. 4) noise - uncountable noun. 5) hair - uncountable noun. V. 1) Maths 2) shoes 3) storeys 4) tooth 5) news VI. 1) a lot of 2) little 3) any 4) some 5) twenty 6) much

One and more than one 1) tables, sheets, books, erasers, pencils. 2) churches, bushes, fishes, buses, boxes, classes. 3) boys, days, toys, keys, trays 4) mangoes, tomatoes, potatoes, heroes. 5) apples, drums, oranges, hands, eyes. 6) cities, countries, stories, ladies, babies, bodies. 7) leaves, wolves, knives, calves, wives. 8) children, men, women, feet.

7. Uses of Articles Let’s Read Well : a, the Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : I think so. Can I get a copy of R.K. Narayan’s Swami and his friends ? Shopkeeper : You want the revised one ? Rani : Can you reserve a copy, in case you get the one? Rani : That’s very kind of you. Have you got Harry Potter’s latest

release ? Shopkeeper : Yes, we do have it madam. Shopkeeper : Rupees four hundred only madam. AC I. 1) a 2) a 3) a 4) a 5) an 6) an 7) an 8) an 9) an 10) an 11) a 12) an. II. 1) He is the best player. 2) It is a dog. 3) I love going to the cinema.

4) My mother reads the Gita. 5) The gold is yellow. 6) He is an MLA. III. 1) There is a tree in the garden. 2) The Ganga is a sacred river. 3) What a good

idea! 4) The Hindus worship cow. 5) The doctor is a busy man. 6) My mother bought an egg and made an omelette.

IV. a, an, The, a, a, a ‘Article’ Fun 1) a, an, the 2) a, the 3) a, the

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8. The Verb Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rohan : How do you like the idea of visiting the Dal lake ? Mohan : That sounds lovely; but I have to take my parent’s permission. Mohan : Hey, that’s nice. Rohan : Will your parents be at home in the evening ? Rohan : Then I’ll come certainly. AC I. 1) The man laughed. 2) The girls are dancing. 3) The child is crying.

4) You can go. 5) The old man has died. II. 1) The dog barks loudly. 2) They comes regularly. 3) Mohan has come now.

4) Kamala came yesterday. 5) They are walking slowly. III. 1) Mohan is wise. 2) They became rich. 3) She looks beautiful. 4) It smells bad. 5) The mango is ripe. IV. 1) Rani is an engineer, 2) Nehru became our leader. 3) Ravikanth is our family

doctor. 4) Mrs. Mohini is my student. 5) This dog guards our house. V. 1) My brother won the prize. 2) Raman ran a race. 3) We heard a noise.

4) We are doing our work. 5) Our soldiers attacked the enemy. VI. 1) We gave him a gift. 2) The players made Raju their captain. 3) We found the

place beautiful. 4) I proved him wrong. 5) The teacher made the lesson easy. VII. 1) Postman 2) Doctor 3) Teacher 4) Farmer 5) Carpenter. VIII. 1) Boys (Subject), Kites (Object), 2) Soldier (S), Rabbit (O) 3) Cobbler (S), Shoes (O), 4) Dog (S), Cat (O), 5) Boy (S), Slate (O) IX. 2) S + V + Adv. 3) S + LV + N 4) S + LV + Adj 5) S + V + O 6) S + V + O + OC.

Part - II : COMPOSITION1. Short Paragraph Writing

Activity Time (AT) 1) Once I visited the Nauchandi Mela held in April near Meerut. The mela lasts about 15 days. During the mela, people flock to the temple of Devi Nauchandi to worship the goddess. It is said that Mandodari, wife of Ravana and devotees of goddess Chandi and in her honour a shrine was built. A big bazaar is set up. People purchase sweets and other articles of daily use.

2) Shanghai is a port city and 50% of all Chinese exports and imports are handled here. It has also become famous populous city of the world. It can be called an industrial city as number of industries present here after 1842, Shanghai became an important city after the Treaty of Nanking was signed here.

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2. Persuasive Writing1. Our Environment

AT Environment play a very important role in the lives of plants, animals and human beings. In any given environment, plants and animals depend upon each other and form a balanced community. The important natural resources are the soil, water, forests, minerals, coal, oil and all kinds of plants and animals. Since the supply of natural resources is limited, we must use them wisely and avoid wastage. It is very important for us to conserve soil, forests, coal, oil and wildlife.

Man has spoilt environment by introducing impurities into the air, water and soil, these dangerous chemicals have made the air unsafe for breathing and the water unsafe for drinking. A large number of diseases have resulted as a result of air and water pollution. Air is polluted by smoke from homes, fuels from factories and exhaust gases from vehicles. Water is polluted by animals bathing in it, household wastes, sewage and discharge from factories going into it.

It is our duty to preserve the world environment for the benefit of the future generations. World Environment Day is celebrated on the 5th of June every year.

Let’s save the planet earth, it is the only one we have’.

2. Good Manners The way we conduct ourselves towards our fellow beings in public is

called manners. It is generally a term used to describe the way we talk, move and behave. From early childhood, one should be taught good manners. It is not only the school but also the atmosphere at home that helps us to acquire good manners. When we meet people we should wish them. While waiting in a queue it is wise to observe the rules. We shouldn’t break the queue, nor push and jostle the people. We must not talk with food in the mouth in a restaurant. At the dining table, we should not gesture widely with the hands. In a crowded bus, if we offer as seat to an old man or help the disabled to cross a busy street, we have good manners. One must not talk loudly or rudely. Politeness helps us to gain friends. Respect to older people and our parents is a must saying ‘thank you’ or ‘please’ will not cost us any thing. By gossiping, we hurt other people. To give a hand to a person in distress goes a long way in building a healthy personality. An apology if we are late for an appointment means the cultivation of gracious manners. A pleasant smile helps us to win friends and ease tension. Good manners reveal our character in everyday situations.

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3. Notice Writing

AT NOTICE

1. Ravi Public School

Date :

SCHOOL INSPECTION

School will be inspected by the District Educational Officer on . He would visit the classes and laboratories as well as school

library. He would like to interact with the students and teachers to have some idea about the standard of education.

All the students are expected to be punctual and maintain cleanliness and discipline.

Rani Headgirl.

2. NOTICE Vijayawada Municipal Corporation

Date :

WATER SUPPLY GETS AFFECTED

The water supply in certain areas like Gandhi Nagar, Benz Circle, Patamata, Autonagar and the adjoining areas is likely to be affected for two days due to the bursting of pipelines at the Gandhi Nagar water treatment plant. Residents are hereby advised to take note of it and make alternative arrangements.

For further details contact the undersigned. Supervisor VMC

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3. NOTICE

XYZ Public School

Date :

TREE PLANTATION CEREMONY

School is celebrating tree plantation ceremony on . Each class will plant five plants in its name with a vow to look after it till its free growth. So all the teachers and the students are requested to cooperate by attending the function and help the school become green.

Raju Headboy.

4. NOTICE

Bharathi Nagar Residents’ Welfare Association

Date :

FREQUENT POWER CUTS

A meeting of the residents of the colony will be held on Sunday, at 6 p.m. at the Association Office to discuss the frequent

power cuts in the colony. A memorandum will be drafted and presented to the Chief Engineer of the local Electricity Department to register the protest.

For further information, contact the undersigned.

Mohan President, BRWA

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4. Precis Writing

1. The Lion

AT The lion is the king of jungle. It lives in a den. Like lions, bears also live happily in these warm and comfortable caves. Rabbits dig holes called burrows. These burrows help them to keep away from enemies. (42 words)

2. Pollution

The greatest hazard to the modern civilization is pollution. Scientific development made life easy at the cost of three essentials of life. It’s high time to check pollution. (28 words).

Part - III : Spoken EnglishSentences for Practice (P.No.70)

Daughter : It’s alright. It doesn’t bother me. Mother : It may not bother you, but it is not the right habit. Better clean up now. Daughter : I’ll sit on the bed and write. Mother : Sitting on the bed to write. How ? That’s a bad habit. Daughter : Oh mother, leave me. I’ll do it later.

Sentences for Practice (P.No. 71)

Natasha : It’s been five years since I took up this profession and what about you ? Rohini : Of course. I am blessed with a child. Rohini : She is three years old and what about you ? Have you got married ? Rohini : Madhav, that is my husband. He is also a teacher.

Sentences for Practice (P No. 72)

Meena : Did you ask for what ? Mother : She wanted to know when would be the Science test ? Meena : I had told her that it would be on Friday. Mother : Why don’t you ring up ?

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Part - I : GRAMMAR1. Phrase and its Kinds

Let's Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue Rani : Yes. She always has kind nature. Raju : Is it ? Raju : Yes. She is a woman with smiling face. Raju : Now, she is sad. Raju : She lost her ring. It was a ring made of gold. Rani : Where did she search for it ? Raju : She searched for it everywhere. Rani : Dis she get it ? Raju : No. But she is a person full of hope.

AC I. 2) To eat too much. 3) Helping the poor. 4) Watching movie. 5) I hope to.

II. 1) to drink milk, 2) to become a lawyer. 3) to eat sugar cane 4) to drink honey 5) to eat carrot.

III. 2) She lost a ring made of gold. 3) I met a girl of beauty. 4) The man carried a load of heavy weight. 5) I saw an elephant of white colour.

IV. 2) Draw a map of India. 3) Sohan had a bald head. 4) He is a man without a friend. 5) Raman wore a shirt of green colour.

V. 2) in a rude manner. 3) on my toe. 4) in a hard manner. 5) with sweetness.

VI. 1) in a brave manner. 2) in an unwise manner. 3) in a gentle way. 4) in an honest manner. 5) in a careful manner.

The ‘Use’ of things 2) measuring temperature. 3) observing celestial objects. 4) cutting clothes 5) talking with others at a distance. 6) taking photographs. 7) looking days and dates. 8) ploughing the field. 9) doing feats in circus. 10) taking patients.

GRAMMAR BOOK - 7

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2. Clause and its Kinds

Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Raju : We have to wait until he comes. Raju : Then, what to do ? Raju : Do you know where he lives ? Raju : Shall we go there ? Raju : We go to the old house and make enquities there. Raju : How about going there ?

AC I. 2) that it will not work 3) What the answer is ? 4) that the Sun rises in the east. 5) What I will do ? II. 2) Compound Sentence The horse reared and the rider was thrown. PC PC 3) Complex Sentence I went because I was invited. PC PC 4) Compound Sentence Listen carefully and take notes. PC PC 5) Compound Sentence He tried hard, but he did not succeed. PC PC 6) Complex Sentence Whatever you do, do well. PC PC III. 2) which I had lost. 3) that is silly. 4) that his master threw. 5) who help themselves. IV. 1) as I expected. 2) because it is dark 3) so that we may live. 4) if you work hard. 5) until I come. V. 2) Adv. C. 3) N.C. 4) N.C. 5) N.C. 6) Adv.C.

7) Adv. C. 8) Adv. C. 9) N.C. 10) Adv. C.

Get, Set and go Right 2) brilliant 3) ruined 4) graceful 5) delicious 6) difficult 7) shy

8) deadly 9) sandy 10) dangerous 11) winding 12) wealthy 13) bold 14) stale 15) stubborn 16) grisly 17) shallow 18) faithful.

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3. Modals Let’s Read Well : can, may. Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : Yes, I will. Raman : I must attend the party. Raman : I am not pretty sure about my coming. Raman : I am sure he will be annoyed. Rani : But you couldn’t have told it. Rani : Can you ring up to him ?AC I. 1) You may explain the topic.

2) You may be able to explain the topic. 3) You can use my car. 4) Perhaps there could be a storm. 5) I may permit him to appear for the exam. 6) Do you think she could be cooking ? II. 1) Could 2) May 3) might 4) ought 5) can 6) shall. III. 1) can 2) Can 3) Can 4) can 5) Can. IV. might, should, shall, ought, must, will, could, may.

Let’s learn to ‘fix’ Suffix ‘-ness’ : selfishness, nervousness, tidyness, neatness, coldness, kindness, politeness, shyness, cleverness. Suffix ‘-ity’ : stupidity, possibility, originally, equality, superiority. inferiority, popularity, maturity, certainty. Suffix ‘-ment’ : enjoyment, argument, amusement, development, disappointment, appointment, arrangement, announcement, treatment. Prefix ‘un-’ : unknown, unwise, unlucky, untidy, unsafe.

4. Subject - Verb Agreement Let’s Read Well : The Chameleon is ; It has ; Subject (S) Verb (V) S V It changes ; This trick also helps ; The chameleon has; S V S V S V They stick ; when an insect passes ; chameleon has ; There is S V S V S V S V

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Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Shopkeeper : Good evening, madam. Can I help you ? Rani : I am looking for an imported one. Shopkeeper : Then come this way, madam. Rani : How much does this cost ? Shopkeeper : Yes, we do have. Rani : Please show me. Rani : Yes. Rani : Let me see it. It is lovely. Shopkeeper : It costs two thousand only, madam.

AC I. 2) is 3) are 4) has 5) is 6) is II. 1) was 2) have 3) has 4) was 5) wants 6) is. III. 2) Mathematics is his favourite subject. 3) The cattle was grazing in the meadow. 4) My parents have a large house. 5) The quality of these mangoes is not good. 6) ‘The Arabian Nights’ is very interesting. IV. My mother and father do a lot of work. My mother puts the bed. She cleans

the utensils. She washes clothes and hangs them out to dry. She prepares my food. Father takes us to the market. He maintains the house. He helps me in my homework. He takes me to school sometimes. Thank you mom and dad for everything !

5. Gerund and Participle Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Rani : What are you planning to study ? Rani : What about your parents ? Raman : He is interested in Physics. Raman : No. Rani : Why don’t you talk to your parents ? Raman : No. I willn’t give up. Rani : Are you planning to do something ?AC I. 2) walking 3) writing 4) collecting 5) smoking 6) playing.

II. 2) burning house 3) talking to himself 4) Not knowing 5) Hearing the noise 6) carrying a basket of fruits.

III. 1) killing 2) doing 3) smoking 4) shopping 5) breaking 6) finding.

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IV. 2) The day being hot, we remained indoors. 3) We saw a girl carrying a basket of flowers. 4) The weather being fine, we

went out for a walk. 5) Turning left, we saw the post office. 6) Deceived by his friends, he lost all hopes.

6. Active and Passive Voice Let’s Read Well : Passive Voice : 1) Children and ladies are attracted by them. 2) People are being trapped by their words. 3) They attract them by their oily words. 4) Thus we are being served by them. Let’s Speak Well : Fill in the dialogue. Ramani : Yes, I have. Raman : What do you think has happened in the last minute ? Raman : What did the referee do ? Raman : He was almost scoring a goal. Who stopped him ? Ramani : What happened then ?

AC I. 2) The car was sold by Mohan. 3) The mice were killed by the cat. 4) A letter is being written by the boy. 5) Character is shown by manners. 6) The picture will be drawn by Mohini.

II. 1) The peon opened the door. 2) Exchange the gifts. 3) Mohan helped the boy. 4) The captain congratulated the winning team. 5) The children are flying kites. 6) The police have caught all the thieves.

III. 1) were brought 2) was arrested 3) was made 4) was made 5) was discovered. IV. Active : 2) Raju has stolen my purse. 4) They had taken a decision. Passive :1) A new book have been published by them. 3) The work will be completed by Raman. 5) A stranger was seen by the neighbours.

Know this ‘Age’ 1) Shortage 2) Baggage 3) Breakage 4) Cottage 5) Bandage 6) Cage 7) Stage 8) Page

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Part - II : COMPOSITION1. Biography Writing

1. ABRAHAM LINCOLNAT Abraham Lincoln was born in the Big South Fork of Nolin Creek, Kentucky,

USA in 1809. His father was a carpenter. In 1828, he got the first chance to see the outside world while taking farm produce to New Orleans. There he saw slavery in operation for the first time. This incident made him to take a vow to hit slavery hard. In 1834, he was elected to the Legislature for the third time. In 1846, he was nominated to the Congress and went to Washington. In 1860, he was elected as the President of USA. In 1865, he could fulfil his vow by ending slavery.

2. SIR ISAAC NEWTON Sir Isaac Newton was born in 1642 on Christmas Day. He resided in a small

village of Woolsthrope, Lincolnshire. His father died when he was a child. His mother remarried a clergyman. His good old grandfather was his guardian. He sent Newton to school. He manufactured a set of little tools, saws of various sizes. This was his first achievement. He made many curious articles. This was his next step.

2. Personal Narrative1. A STREET QUARREL

AT It was Sunday. As it was holiday, we were taking rest. My father was reading the newspaper. As usual, my mother was busy in the kitchen. I was sitting near the window of my room. Outside, I saw two women at the street tap. They wanted to fill in their pots first. Soon both the women started abusing each other. Soon their husbands intervened. From the words they came to blows. Luckily an elderly man came there. He separated the fighting ladies and their husbands. He advised them not to quarrel for small things. The two women realised their mistake. Both filled their pots and went away.

2. THE SCENE ON THE RAILWAY PLATFORM Last Sunday I went to the railway station to send off my aunt. The scene was

very colourful. The passengers were waiting for the arrival of the train. The coolies and porters were carrying the luggage of the passengers. The vendors were crying their wares. The hawkers were busy moving on the platform. Finally, the train arrived with a little late.

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It was crowded. People who were inside tried to get out. Those who were outside tried to get in. There was a great deal of jostling. I elbowed my way in and managed to get a berth for my aunt. The guard waved a green flag and gave a whistle. Slowly, the train left the platform. It was calm again on the platform.

4. CHARACTER SKETCHAT 1. Many Indians fought and sacrificed their lives to liberate their motherland

from the British captivity. There were moderates and revolutionaries. Moderates wanted to achieve freedom for Indians through peaceful and non-violent methods. But revolutionaries believed that the British couldn’t be made to leave India without violence. Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was such a revolutionary leader.

Netaji escaped from prison and reached Germany. From there he went to Malaysia in 1943. He formed an army called the Azad Hind Fauj or the Indian National Army. His aim was to win freedom for India throu