grade 7 social studies final exam study guide may 2017

Grade7SSFinalExamStudyGuide2017 Page1

Grade7SocialStudiesFinalExamStudyGuideMay2017

Theexamwillconsistofthefollowing:A. MultipleChoice(20‐30questions)B. VocabularyWords(15‐20questions)C. Diagramand/orMapping(1‐3questions)D. PrimarySourceAnalysis(3‐5questions)E. TimelineAnalysis(1timeline;5‐7questionsaboutit)F. EssayResponse/Compare‐ContrastChartResponse(2‐3questions)

PARTA:MULTIPLECHOICEUse the classroom worksheets and textbook to answer the questions below. The content covered in the answers of these questions may appear on the exam. AncientGreece

1. WhyareancientGreeksconsideredtobeislanders?(chapter6.1)Theywereseparatedfromeachotherbywaterormountains.

2. HowdidthegeographicfeaturesofancientGreeceaffectthewayancientpeoplelivedinthisarea?(chapter6.1)Itmotivatedthemtotrade,andalsoallowedthemtosailtovariousareas,butkepttheircitiesseparate.

3. HowweretheMycenaeanandMinoancivilizationssimilar?(chapter6.1)Therewereanumberofsimilaritiesbetweenthem,butthemainonewasthatbothusedwriting.

4. WhathappenedduringGreece’sDarkAges?(chapter6.1)Greekloveforlearningandrichwritingsystemsufferedimmensely,withmorepeoplerelyingonoralculture.Thecivilizationbasicallycollapsed.

5. WhofoughtintheTrojanwar?(chapter6.1)GreeceandthecityofTroy.

6. WhowasPericlesandwhyisheconsideredtobeanimportantfigureinAthenianhistory?(chapter6.2)HewastheleaderofAthensaroundthe460sBC.Heintroducedmanyreformsthatstrengtheneddemocracy.

7. WhatwerethemainimportanteventsthathappenedduringAthens’GoldenAge?(chapter6.2)Athensgrewrichfromtradeandsilverminedbyslaves,Periclesintroducedmoredemocracy,andimportanttemples,liketheParthenon,wereconstructed.

8. HowdidtheGreekshonortheirgods?(chapter6.2)Theygavethankstothem,offeredfeastsintheirhonor,andconstructedtemplestopleasethem.

9. Whatwere2advantagesand2disadvantagesofdemocracyinGreece?(chapter6.2)Advantage:citypaidtaxestoofficials,sopoorcitizenscouldholdoffice;citizenscouldputtheirinputintothetypeofrulesimplantedinthecity.Disadvantage:womencouldn’tvote,slavescouldn’tvote,slaveryandwomen’sstatusdidn’tchangemuch.

10. ExplainhowAthenswassuperiortoSpartaeconomically?(chapter7.2)


Athenshadalotofwealthfromtradeandsilvermines;Spartafocusedmostofitseffortsonwarfareanddidn’tcaretoomuchabouttradeorwealth.

11. Whatarehelots,andwhatdangerdidtheypose?(chapter7.2)SlavesinSpartacapturedthroughSparta’swars;theycouldhavejoinedtogetherandgreatlyoutnumberedandoverthrowntheSpartancitizens.

12. WhatrightsdidSpartanwomenhave?(chapter7.2)Couldrunbusinesses,takecareoftheirhouse,couldtrainlikeboys,ownland.Theyhadtoobeythemenintheirlivethough.

13. HowmightthehistoryofGreecehavechangedifthePersianshadsucceededatMarathon?(chapter7.2)GreecewouldhavelostitslandstoPersia,Athenswouldnothavegainedtheamountofpoweritdidlateron,DelianLeaguewouldnothaveformed,Greekculturewouldnothavespreadtootherlands.

14. HowdidAlexander’supbringingaffecthisambitiontoruleandhisattitudesaboutGreekculture?(chapter7.3)HewantedtobeunbeatableinbattlelikeAchilles;healsothoughtthatGreekshadanaturalright/dutytorulebecauseofwhatAristotlehadtaughthim.

15. WhatdoesHellenismmean?Whataffectdidithaveontheareasitspreadin?(chapter7.3)SpreadofGreekcultureinforeignlands;citiesweremodeledafterGreekcities,Greekkingsruled,Greeksheldthemostimportantjobs,citiesdesignedwithGreektemplesandagoras,Greeklanguagewasspokenforhundredsofyears,manypeoplewouldwatchtheGreektragediesinthetheaters.

AncientIndia1. DescribethegeographyofIndia.(chapter4.1)

StretchingsouthfromtheHimalayas,kite‐shapedsubcontinentthatissurroundedbytheIndianOcean.Presently,itisdividedintoIndia,Pakistan,andBangladesh.

2. DescribeHinduism’skeyfeatures.(chapter4.2)(checkessayanswer)

3. DescribethreemaingodsinHinduism.(chapter4.2)Brahma(creator),Vishnu(preserver),Shiva(destroyer)

4. DescribeHinduism’scastesystem.(chapter4.2)Itisastrictdivisionofclassesinwhichpeopleperformspecialdutiesandalwaysremaininthesamecasteastheirparents.Thefiveclasseswere/are1)priests,2)warriors/rulers,3)skilledworkers,merchants,landowners,4)unskilledworkers,peasants,servants,5)untouchables/outcastes

5. DescribeBuddhism.(Ie.,itsbeliefs,founder,etc)?(chapter4.3)(checkessaysectionanswer)

6. Studythe8foldpathofBuddhism.(chapter4.3)(checksectionpartIII,question3)

7. Whatismeantbythe“middleway”?(chapter4.3)AlsoknownastheEightfoldPathinBuddhism,thisisintendedtoteachthepersontoavoidalifethatisfilledwithbothextremepleasureandunhappiness.

8. WhatwerethereasonsHindus/BuddhistspracticeYoga/meditation?(chapter4.3)Hinduspracticeyogatounitewiththespiritualforcecalledbrahman.BuddhistsmeditateandfollowtheEightfoldPathinordertoreachNirvana(eternalpeace).


AncientChina1. DescribethegeographyofAncientChina.(chapter5.1)

Chinacoversalargeareawithdifferentclimate,soil,landforms,andwaterways.TheNorthChinaPlainislocatedinEastAsia,andithasabrief,butintense,rainysummerseasoncausedbymonsoonwinds.Theregiondoesn’thavemuchraintherestoftheyearandisquitedry.SouthChinaiswarmandwet,wherethemonsoonwindsbringheavyrainsfromtheSouthChinaSea,fromMarchtoSeptember.Lightrainfallstherestoftheyear.

2. Whatgeographicfeaturewasimportantforthecivilization’sdevelopment?(chapter5.1)Mainlytherivers,especiallytheHuang(Yellow)River.

3. DescribetheMandateofHeaven.(chapter5.1)ThiswasabeliefinChinathatsuggestedthattherulersofChinacametopowerbecauseitwastheirdestiny/fate.

4. HowdidConfuciusinfluenceChina?(chapter5.2)a) FounderofConfucianismb) Broughtordertosocietyc) Taughtrespectforothersd) ManypeoplepracticedConfucianismasareligione) Introducedthemeritsystemf) Basedadvanced/highpositioningovernmentonexamination,notwhoaperson

mightknow5. DescribeConfucianism.(Ie.,itsbeliefs,founder,etc)?(chapter5.2)

AphilosophyfoundedbyConfucius.ItconsistsofacollectionofsayingsofConfucius,collectedbyhisstudents.Confucianismisbasedonfivehumanrelationships:rulerandruled,fatherandson,husbandandwife,olderbrotherandyoungerbrother,andfriendandfriend.

AncientEgypt

1. WhendidEgypt’sfirstdynastybegin?(chapter3.2)About3100bc,whenMenesfirstunitedUpperandLowerEgypt

2. WhatcharacterizedeachofEgypt’s3kingdoms?(chapter3.2)OldKingdom:PharaohskeptpeaceandtradedwithNubia,importedtimbertobuildboatsandfurniture;MiddleKingdom:landwasirrigatedandcanalsbuilt;;NewKingdom:huge,powerfularmieswerecreated

3. DescribethelifeofHatshepsutandThutmoseIII.(Chapter3.2)StepmotherofThutmoseIII;steppedinasaregentforThutmoseIII;proclaimedherselfpharaohsoonafter;ruledfor15years;encouragedtradewithfarawayplaces;herdeath/murderbelievedtohavebeenorganizedbyherfamilymembers

4. DescribetherolesofEgypt’s4maingods.(chapter3.3)Amon‐Re‐sungodandgodofcreation;Horus‐skygodandgodofkingship;Osiris‐godofafterlife;Isis‐goddessofwomanhood/womenandchildbirth

5. HowdoweknowthatancientEgyptianpeoplebelievedinanafterlife?(chapter3.3)Theytookgreatcareofpreservingthebodytoreceivefoodandofferings

6. WhydidancientEgyptianpeopleburytheirdeadwithfoodandpossessions?(chapter3.3)Theythoughtpeopleneededthesethingstosurviveintheafterlife

7. WhydidancientEgyptiansbuildthepyramids?(chapter3.3)ToserveastombsforEgyptianpharaohs

8. Listthestepsforbuildingthepyramids.(chapter3.3)


Locatesite,gathermaterial,cleartheground,alignthesitewiththestars,cutthestone,workinteamstodragthestonetotheproperplaceusingwoodenrollers,pushtheblocksintoplace

9. DrawasocialclasspyramidforancientEgyptsociety.(chapter3.4)(Note,youneedtobeabletodrawthis):1.pharaoh,2.priests,pharoah’scourt,andnobles,3.Merchantsandskilledworkers,4.Peasants,5.Slaves

10. WhywasthepeasantclassthelargestclassinancientEgypt?(chapter3.4)Farmingwasveryimportantandtherewassomuchfarmland;thepeasantsdidavarietyofjobs;thetwohighestclassesweredeterminedbyancestrysopeasantscouldn’trisetothosehigherclasses

11. WereEgyptianwomenanimportantpartofancientEgyptiansociety?Whyorwhynot?(chapter3.4)Yes,lookeduponasmodelsofIsis;hadsimilarrightstomen;couldtravelfreely,enterintolegalcontracts;farmandhunt;becomepriestessesorpharaohs

12. Whatarehieroglyphs?WhydidancientEgyptianbeginusingthem?(chapter3.4)TheancientEgyptianformofwritingusingpicturestorepresentwords;usedthemtorecordthegrowingempire’swealth

13. WhatwasthesignificanceoftheRosettaStone?(chapter3.4)Ithad3languageswrittenonit;itwasusefulinhelpingusunderstandancientEgyptianhieroglyphs

14. WhywasancientEgyptknownasalandofgreatlearning?(chapter3.4)Thereweremanyadvancementsmadeinscience,math,astronomy,andmedicine

15. WhatareasofscienceandmedicinedidancientEgyptianpeoplestudy?(chapter3.4)Astronomy,herbalism,andthehumanbodyPARTB:VOCABULARY–PLEASEUSETHETEXTBOOK’SGLOSSARYTOGETTHEDEFINITIONSVocabularywordsyouwilllikelyneedtoknowontheexam: Ahimsa Caste Democracy Migrate Monotheism Reincarnation Assassinate Confucius Dynasty Mummy Philosophy Subcontinent Aristocrat Citadel Giza Monsoon Polytheism Slavery Astronomer Delta Loess Missionary Papyrus Social Class Blockade Dike Mecca Mountain Pharaoh Sparta


PARTC:MAPPING/DIAGRAMMING

1.Theremaybeamapthatyouwillneedtoextractinformationfromsimilartotheonebelow.

WhatprotectedtheChinesefrominvadersfromthenorth?GobiDesertWhatseparatetheAncientChinesefromtheAncientIndians?HamalayasWhatlargebodyofwaterdidtheShangdynastyusethemost?YellowSeaWhatriverisclosesttoAnyang?YellowRiver


2.TheremaybeadiagramoftheIndiansubcontinent(SouthAsia)onwhichyouwillhavetodrawarrowsshowingthedirectionofthemonsoonwinds.MakesureyouknowthedirectionofthewinterandsummermonsoonwindsinIndiashownbelow.

Whatareaisthemapaboveshowingandwhatisthetopic?ThemonsoonwindsofIndiaWhatdothegreenarrowsonthemapaboveindicate?WintermonsoonwindsWhatdotheredarrowsonthemapindicate?SummermonsoonwindsHowmanygreenandredarrowsarethereonthemapabove?10


3.Writethedifferentpartsoftheeightfoldpathinthespacesonthewheelbelow.Besideeachpart,writewhatorderitappearsintheeightfoldpath(1‐8)andashortsummaryofwhatitmeans.(chapter4.3)

1. Rightunderstanding2. Rightintention3. Rghtspeech4. Rightaction5. Rightlivelihood6. Righteffort7. Rightminfulness8. Rightconcentration

PARTD:PRIMARYSOURCEANALYSIS–wewilltakethisupinclassinreviewweek.Ihavewrittenthenamesofthepeople/itemsbelow.You need to be able to answer the following questions about each one of the pictures below: 1. Who/what is being shown/represented in the picture? 2. What civilization did the person/group/object belong to? 3. How does the picture show something that was important for the civilization that the person/group/object belonged to? 4. Why was the person/group/object in the picture important for its civilization?

1

2

3

4 5

6

7

8


Spartan soldier Confucius Buddha (Siddhartha

Gotama)

Athenian drama mask showing

tragedy

Shiva

Homer

Mohenja-daro seal/stamp


PARTE:TIMELINEANALYSIS

Youwillbeaskedtoanalyzeatimeline.Makesureyouunderstandthetimelineandareabletogetinformationfromittoanswerquestions.YoudonotneedtoknowbackgroundinformationabouttheRomanEmpiretoanswerthequestionsbelow.

WhenwastheRomanRepublicfounded?509BCHowlongdidtheRomanconquestsoftheMediterraneanSealast?265‐146=119yearsHowlongdidtheRomanRepubliclast?509‐44=465yearsPARTV:ESSAYRESPONSEorCompare‐ContrastChartBe prepared to write a 3 paragraph essay (minimum 5 sentences per paragraph) on one or more of the topics below. You will be marked on both the content you present in the paragraphs and spelling and grammar. There is a chance that you may, instead, have to present the information in a compare-contrast chart on the topics below. Instructions on details about chart formatting are below. 1. Compare and/or contrast the accomplishments of three important people that we have studied this year. WE WILL COVER THIS IN CLASS 2. Compare and/or contrast the religious traditions of three civilizations that we have covered this year. WEWILLDISCUSSTHISINCLASS;IHAVEJOTTEDSOMENOTESDOWNRELATEDTOTHEQUESTION.Religion in Egypt:

polytheism


belief in an afterlife consisting of a judgment and an eternal life of goodness or hardship regional differences, but four main gods: Amon Re (sun god), Osiris (god of living and

dead), and Isis (goddess of children), and Horus (god of the sky) preparation for burial was an important part of religious life – mummy. The body had to be preserved for The soul would leave the body after death but would

return to the body for food for a journey in the afterlife. So mummification could very complicated, especially for the rich, in which lavish items would be placed in the grave site.

Religion in India (Hinduism)

Gods and goddesses stand for different parts of brahma Most important gods are Brahma, the Creator, Vishnu, the Preserver, and Shiva, the

Destroyer. Brahma is the main god. Vishnu is the kind god concerned with the welfare of human

beings. Shiva is responsible for creative and destructive forces of the universe Hindu gods take different forms called avatars Hindu text is called the Upanishads Believe in reincarnation of the soul – meaning the rebirth of the soul in another living thing The actions of a person affect his/her fate in the next The goal is to become united with the spirit and escape the cycle of death and rebirth, and to

obey Dharma and practice Ahimsa. Daily practice includes yoga and private devotion at temples

Religious tradition of India/China (Buddhism) (Please refer to the handout we took up in class on Wednesday and Thursday for details about Buddhism) Religion in Greece

Polytheism Wherever Greeks lived, they built temples to honor the gods Gods had human forms and characteristics They were believed to be immortal, and residing on Mount Olympus Leader of gods in myths is Zeus. Greeks also honored mythical figures like Achilles Each city-state had a unique god, like Athena for Athens Honored the gods by holding festivals and sacrificing animals and offering food; example

included Olympics for Zeus. There are 12 main gods in Greek mythology Oracles played a significant role in the religion

3. Describe what daily life would have been like in either Athens or Sparta. For Athens, focus on discussing the public square, Athenian homes, and slavery. For Sparta, discuss general living conditions, growing up in Sparta as a male and female, and the attitude of most Spartans. (check chapter 7.2) WE WILL DISCUSS THIS IN CLASS; I HAVE JOTTED NOTES DOWN ABOUT THE TOPIC BELOW. Daily Life in Athens Public Square:


The Agora as the center of public life where men gathered to talk about politics, philosophy, and the community. Business men traded, and there existed public marketplaces. This place was probably the busiest place in Athens. Vendors were also stationed there to sell certain items.

Temples and public buildings lined the Agora. These were often beautiful structures, since men at the time liked this sort of stuff.

Homes:

Quite plain, made of mud bricks Homes had as a central feature the courtyard, which was hidden from the street but was the

center of the house The wealthier homes had bathrooms, storage rooms, dining rooms, bedrooms, and kitchens.

Water usually had to be carried from a public fountain. Dinner included very little meat (reserved for religious meals), but fish, olives, bread, and

cheese. Slavery:

There were about 100,000 slaves in the city-state, and they conducted most jobs there. It was common to own a slave in Athens.

slavesdidalotofthelaborofthecityofAthens. Becauseoftheslaves,mencouldenjoytheirleisuretimeattheAgora. Freepeoplebecameslaveswhentheywerecapturedinbattles,andthechildrenborn

intoslavefamilieswereautomaticallyslaves Slavesbasicallyhadnorights.Theycouldnotvote,obtainformaleducation,andhad

nopolitical/personalrights. Theycouldonlybecomefreeiftheyboughttheirfreedom,oriftheirmasterfreed

them.DailyLifeinSpartaGenerallivingconditions:

Lifewasharshandcruel Spartansweretough,silent,andgrim Spartanarmywasverypowerful,buttheylackedinotherareas,likethearts ThebasicruleinSpartawastoputthecity’sneedsabovetheneedsofitscitizens Employedaslaveclasscalledhelots,whodidthefarmwork.Thisfreeduptimefor

Spartanstotrainforwarfare.GrowingupinSpartaasmaleandfemale:Male:

Trainingbeganatage7,whentheylefthome,andlastedtillage20 Boyspracticedswordsandspears Theyhadverylittlefoodormoney,sotheywereencouragedtostealtolearntoliveoff

theland. Boyswereexectedtobearpain,hardship,andpunishmentinsilence Menwereconsideredsoldiersfitforthearmyfromage20‐60

Women: Trainedandcompetedinwrestlingandspearthrowing Beliefwasthatifawomanwasstrong,shewouldhavestrong,healthychildren.


Theywereallowedtoownland,takepartinbusiness. Hadtoobeythemales–fathers,husbandsandbrothers Attimes,theywereresponsibleforrunningfarmsandestates.

TheattitudeofmostSpartans:

DidnotliketominglewithotherGreeks Notallowedtotravel Lookeddownonthedesireforwealthandthoseengagedintrade Lackedinterestinthearts Theywereknownfortheirskillandbravery.Becauseofthis,theywerecrucialfor

Greece’svictoryagainstthePersiansandthepeoplelivingacrosstheAegeanSea.Instructionsforthechart:Ifyoudon’tknowhowtocreateacompare‐contrastchart,lookbelow.Topic1:WEWILLDISCUSSTHISINCLASSWrite the name of the first important person in this

column

Write the name of the second important person in this

column

Write the name of the third important person in this

column

Write 5 important accomplishments of the person in this. Each point should be in sentence format.

Write 5 important accomplishments of the person in this column. Each point should be in sentence format.


Topic2:WEWILLDISCUSSTHISINCLASS;USETHENOTESFORTHEESSAYABOVETOFILLINTHECHART.Write the name of the first

religion here

Write the name of the second religion here

Write the name of the third religion here

Write 5 features about the religion in this column. Each point should be in sentence format.



Topic3:WEWILLDISCUSSTHISINCLASS;USETHENOTESFORTHEESSAYABOVETOFILLINTHECHART.

OPTION A: ATHENS Public Square

Athenian Homes Slavery

Write 5 points about the public square in Athens in this

Write 5 points about Athenian homes in this column. Each

Write 5 points about slavery in this column. Each point should


column. Each point should be in sentence format.

point should be in sentence format.

be in sentence format.

OPTION B: SPARTA

General Living Conditions

Growing Up in Sparta as Male and Female

Spartan Attitudes

Write 5 points about the general living conditions in Sparta in this column. Each point should be in sentence format.

Write 5 points about the lives of males and females in Sparta in this column. Each point should be in sentence format.

Write 5 points about the attitude of most Spartan people in this column. Each point should be in sentence format.

grade 7 social studies final exam study guide may 2017

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