GPON in the Enterprise

Joseph P. Brenkosh

Sandia National Laboratories

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Topics To Be Covered

•  Traditional Enterprise Network Models •  Access Network Technologies •  GPON Fundamentals •  GPON Advantages to the Enterprise •  GPON Challenges to the Enterprise •  Current Status of GPON at SNL

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Traditional Enterprise Network Models

•  Hierarchical Model •  Enterprise Composite Network Model

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Hierarchical Network Model

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Enterprise Composite Network Model

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Network Revitalization Project at SNL

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Access Network Technologies

•  Traditional Workgroup •  Dialup •  Cable Modem Service •  xDSL •  Wireless •  FTTx

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Why Fiber?

•  More Bandwidth –  Copper

•  1.5 Mbps @ 5.5 km (ADSL) •  1 Gbps @ 100 meters

–  Fiber •  100 Mbps @ 2 km (100BASE-FX) with MMF •  1 Gbps @ 5 km (1000BASE-LX) with 10 micron SMF •  10 Gbps @ 40 (80) km (10GBASE-E(Z)R) with 10 micron SMF

•  Less Attenuation •  Other

–  Noise ingress and cross-talk –  Ground-potential, galvanic isolation, lightning protection

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Fiber to the X (FTTx)

FTTx Distance of x

N = Neighborhood > 1000 ft. 300 m. C = Curb < 1000 ft. 300 m. B = Building 0 ft. 0 m. P = Premises H = Home

0 ft. 0m.

Fiber Metallic

X

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Active Optical Access Network

•  Implements Point-to-MultiPoint (P2MP) network using fiber

•  Requires a fiber pair for each user •  Requires 2N optical transceivers

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Hybrid Optical Network (FTTC)

•  Switch/transceiver/miniDSLAM located at curb •  Needs only 2 optical transceivers •  But it is not a pure optical solution •  Delivers lower bandwidth from the transceiver to the users •  Requires a complex converter in an unfriendly environment

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Passive Optical Network (PON)

•  Implements Point-to-Multipoint topology purely in optics •  Avoids costly optic-electronic conversions •  Uses passive splitters – no power or cooling needed,

unlimited MTBF •  Requires only N+1 optical transceivers

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The PON Family

•  APON ATM PON ITU-T G.983.x •  BPON Broadband PON ITU-T G.983.x •  GPON Gigabit PON ITU-T G.984.x •  EPON Ethernet PON IEEE 802.3ah •  GEPON Gigabit Ethernet PON IEEE 802.3ah •  10G-EPON 10 Gbps PON IEEE P802.3av •  WDM-PON Wave Division Multiplexing PON (No Standard)

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GPON Components

•  The Optical Line Terminal (OLT) is located at the CO •  The Optical Network Terminal (ONT) is located at user’s site •  Downstream is from the OLT to ONT •  Upstream is from the ONT to OLT •  Router is required, not really a PON component

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GPON Operation

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GPON Wavelengths

•  Upstream 1260-1360 nm (1310 ± 50) •  Downstream 1480-1500 nm (1490 ± 10) •  Enhancement Bands:

–  Video Distribution Service 1550 - 1560 nm –  Additional Digital Services (ADS) - 1539-1565 nm

•  Only one fiber per ONT required

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GPON Physical Details

•  For GPON BW is 1.244 Gbps (US) and 2.488 Gbps (DS) •  A 32 split is typical, 64 split is maximum •  Uses singlemode fiber •  Reach and # of ONTs supported are contradictory design

goals •  7 miles maximum distance from OLT to ONT with a 32 split •  Splitters are housed in a Fiber Distribution Hub (FDH) •  FDH has Multi-Fiber Push On Connector for special multi-

fiber cable which connects to Fiber Distribution Terminal (FDT)

•  FDT connects drop cables to ONTs

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Optical Line Terminal – Motorola AXS1800

•  1792 subscribers using a 32:1 optical split •  3584 subscribers using a 64:1 optical split •  200 GBps fully non-blocking switch fabric •  Supports up to 14 four-port GPON cards •  Supports up to 112 T1/E1 interfaces •  10 Gbps and 1 Gbps uplinks •  IEEE 802.1Q VLAN •  GPON Encapsulation Method (GEM) •  ITUT-T G.984.1, G.984.2, G.983, G.984.4 •  -48/60 VDC 1500 Watts maximum

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Optical Network Terminal (ONT) Motorola ONT1120GE

•  Provides 4x 10/100/1000 Base-T Ethernet ports •  Enables the delivery of IPTV – voice, video, and data over a single fiber GPON •  6.1” H x 7.7” W x 1.2” D • +12 VDC, 15 Watts maximum •  IEEE 802.1Q VLAN with 8 levels of priority •  GPON: 2.488 Gbps downstream, 1.244 Gbps upstream •  1490 +/- 10nm voice/data receive •  1310 +-50 nm voice/data transmit

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Fiber Distribution Hub (FDH) ADC FDH 3000

•  Replaces access switches •  Requires no power •  Houses splitters •  Connectorized, no termination needed •  Different cabinet sizes (24 – 864) fibers

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Splitter Module – AFL Future AccessTM Distributed Architecture Splitter Module

•  1x16 and 1x32 splits •  Housed in FDH •  Connectorized, SC-APC inputs and outputs

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ADC Rapid Fiber Distribution Terminal

•  Supports up to 24 drops •  Easily mounted •  Feeder cable is spooled

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SC-APC Connector – SC Angle Polished Connector

• Ferrule surface is angled to 8-10 degrees • Maximizes return loss

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Return Loss of Connectors

• Flat polish - 11-15 dB • PC polish - >30 dB • Ultra PC - > 50 dB • APC - > 60 dB

• Ferrule surface is angled to 8-10 degrees • Maximizes return loss

High Reflection

Flat polish

Low Reflection

Angle polish

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GPON Advantages to the Enterprise

•  Much simpler network topology, no access layer switches

•  50% fewer fiber optic cables •  Dramatic power savings •  No HVAC needed for FDHs or FDTs •  Passive components have virtually unlimited

MTBF •  AES 128 encryption for downstream broadcasts •  Support for QoS •  Enables “Triple Play”

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Power Consumption Comparisons in Watts

•  Current Core 2676 •  New Core 7196 •  Current Dist. 19677 •  New Dist. 25872 •  Current Access 401309 •  New Access 83180 •  Current Total 423662 •  New Total 116248 •  Savings 307414 •  New uses 27% of Current

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Current Versus New Network Topology

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GPON Challenges to the Enterprise

•  Primarily designed for residential subscribers –  Same bandwidth for all –  No legacy equipment concerns

•  Rewiring required in many buildings •  Power User and server needs •  Some remote areas do not have any fiber connectivity •  Legacy equipment issues – Until legacy network is

decommissioned: –  Power usage will increase initially –  Will now have 2 networks to support –  Will not reap the full benefits of GPON

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Current Status of GPON at SNL

•  Extensive laboratory testing of GPON technology completed

•  Extensive RFQ process completed: –  Contract recently awarded

•  Infrastructure upgrade planning and wiring are proceeding

•  Expect to complete project in February 2011

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References

•  Efficient Transport of Packets with QoS in an FSAN-Aligned GPON, Angelopoulos, Argyriou, Zontos, et. al. IEEE Communications Magazine, February 2004.

•  FiOS Web Pages, Verizon Communications Inc. •  Passive Optical Networks. Yaakov (J) Stein and Zvika Eitan, RAD

Networks, May 2007. •  Gigabit Passive Optical Network – GPON, Ivica Cale, Aida

Salihovic, Matija Ivekovic, Proceedings of the ITI 2007 29th Int. Conf. on Information Technology Interfaces, June 25-28, 2007, Cavtat, Croatia.

•  FTTx PON Technology and Testing. Andre Girard, PhD, EXFO Electrical-Optical Engineering Inc. Quebec City, Canada, 2005.

•  Fiber to the X, Wikipedia Web Page. •  CCDA Self Study, Diane Teare, Cisco Press, 2004. •  ADC Web Pages, ADC. •  Motorola Web Pages, Motorola, Inc. •  AFL Web Pages, AFL Telecommunications a subsidiary of

Fujikura Ltd. of Japan.

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Acknowledgement

Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corp., a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.