government & war. magna carta – written in 1215 – king signed to guarantee important rights...
TRANSCRIPT
Government & War
• Magna Carta– Written in 1215– King signed to guarantee
important rights to noblemen
• -Established elections of representatives– Parliament: makes laws
with a 2 house legislature• House of Lords/Commons
English Bill of Rights – document agreeing to respect the rights of English citizens & Parliament
Move toward allowing the people more legal protection
• The colonial leaders shared power
• England did not interfere with colonial affairs
• Parliament passed laws that were rarely enforced by governors
• Self-government grew in the colonies
Salutary Neglect
ROYAL GOVERNOR➢ Appointed by King
➢ Oversaw colonial trade➢Final approval on laws
➢ Could dismiss colonial wishes
➢ Appointed by governor➢ Advisory board to governor➢ Acted as high court in colonies
➢ Elected by eligible colonists➢ Made laws➢ Had authority to tax➢ Paid governor’s salary
Governor’s Council Colonial Assembly
French had little more than 80,000 people in New World (compared to 1,000,000 British colonists)
France established trade alliances with Indians
Rivals of England in Europe & wherever their empires met
France attacked English colonies due to the British invading the French controlled Ohio River Valley trading
area
Albany Plan of Union
• Ben Franklin’s idea– Called to unite the colonies
under a central gov’t
• Colonies REJECTED the plan to unite the colonies against the French
– Colonies did not want to give too much power to 1 government– Colonies were jealous to
share their power• Especially to tax
• 1756 - Britain declared war on France – Over land claims in
North America
• William Pitt– British Secretary of
State – Vowed to pay for &
win war at all costs
Treaty of Paris (1763)Pre-War Land Claim Post-War Land Claim
England
France Haiti
Spain
North America from Atlantic Coast to Appalachian Mtns.Hudson Bay; Newfoundland
N. A. from Atlantic to Mississippi; Canada, Florida
Canada, St. Lawrence River, Great Lakes, Mississippi River, Ohio River Valley, Haiti
Florida, Mexico, Cuba N.A. west of the Miss. River, Mexico, Cuba
Pre-War
Post War
After the War• British gov’t tightened control over
the colonies after the war– Contrary to salutary neglect
• Proclamation of 1763– Due to Pontiac’s War & land-hungry
settlers – Stop all expansion west of the
Appalachian Mts.
• Britain keeps troops in the area to protect their interests– Military is in charge
• British used soldiers to enforce the law– People could only trade @ designated
points under military supervision
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