Governmental Policy and

IPv6 Adoption: Strategic

Linkages

SATRC 15th Meeting, 05 August 2014, Paro, Bhutan

Sunny Chendi

APNIC

Agenda

• About Internet and APNIC

– About Internet Protocol: IPv4 and IPv6

• IPv4 addresses exhaustion and need to adopt IPv6

• IPv6 readiness in the world

• Linkage between government policies and IPv6 adoption

• Recommendations to SATRC

2

About the Internet and

APNIC

• About the Internet and APNIC

• IPv4 and IPv6 addresses

• Impact of IPv4 address

exhaustion

3

About Internet and APNIC

• The Internet: a global system of interconnected computer

networks

– Internet Protocol (IP) provide connectivity

– IPv4 and IPv6 addresses = Internet resources

About Internet and APNIC

• Regional Internet Registries (RIR)

– Asia Pacific Network Information Centre (APNIC)

– Open membership-based industry bodies

– Non-profit, neutral, and independent

– Internet resource allocation, registration and other services such as

training, supporting infrastructure, community cooperation

How the hell does the Internet know I’m a dog?

About Internet Protocol (IP)

• On the Internet you are nothing but IP addresses

– Not same as a domain name

– Packets, addressing and routing

– Two types: IPv4 and IPv6

– Every device directly connected to the Internet needs a unique IP

address

– IP address space is finite

Recap

• Size of IPv4 addresses

– 32-bit address

– Unit to describe a size of IP address space

• / = slash notation

• /8 = 224 = about 16.5 million IPv4 addresses

• /16 = 216 = about 65,000 IPv4 addresses

• /24 = 28 = 256 IPv4 addresses

– 232 = about 4.2 billion IP addresses

• 232 = 256 x /8 IPv4 address space

IP Addresses: IPv4 vs. IPv6

IPv4 IPv6

Deployed 1981 Deployed 1999

32-bit address

192.149.252.76

128-bit address 2001:DB8:0234:AB00:0123:4567:8901:ABCD

Address space

232 = ~4,000,000,000

Address space

2128 = ~340,000,000,

000,000,000,000,000,

000,000,000,000,000

Security, autoconfig, QoS,

mobility added later (IPSec etc)

Security, autoconfig, QoS

“built-in” (IPSec etc)

Reached the final /8: April 2011 Projected lifetime: Indefinite*

* We don't know how long IPv6 will last, but the RIRs we cannot

contemplate IPv6 exhaustion in the foreseeable future

IPv4 address exhaustion

• IPv4 addresses reached the final free pool

– APNIC (April 2011)

– RIPE (Sept 2012)

– LACNIC (June 2014)

• APNIC members

– /22 from the final pool

– /22 from IANA returned pool

9

http://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/

Impact of IPv4 address exhaustion

• Immediate impact

– ISPs will no longer be able to obtain IPv4 addresses from APNIC

• Survive for a short time of period with their own pool

• Business continuity of ISPs and other Internet multi-stakeholders in question

– Need to find alternative source for IPv4 addresses

• No sustainable alternative options

• Prolonged impact

– Difficulties to maintain sustainable Internet growth

– No more new entries to the Internet market place

– Impediment of further technological development

10

Why do we need IPv6

• IPv6 is the only viable option we have now

– Much larger address space than IPv4

– Enable sustainable growth of the Internet

– Possibilities of emergence of new technologies

• More non-computing devices, and mobile devices

connecting to the Internet

– Ever increasing always on end users using global IP addresses

What does this mean to all of us?

• Internet industry is facing a biggest challenge; the biggest

since inception of the Internet

• Internet multi-stakeholders need to transit to IPv6

• Government support for IPv6 deployment is critical to

maintain global competitiveness

IPv6 readiness in the

world

• IPv6 deployment status

13

IPv6 transit AS

IPv6 readiness in Internet core

14

http://6lab.cisco.com/stats/index.php

World ranking: IPv6 ready websites

15

http://www.vyncke.org/ipv6status/

24/06/2014

IPv6 measurement - End user

readiness: World

16

http://labs.apnic.net/ipv6-measurement/Regions/001%20World/ as of 24/06/2014

Data source from “flash” and “JavaScript”

and including viewers from mobile devices

16 Nov 13

IPv6 preferred: 2.45

about 30% increase in 6 months

Global IPv6 deployment leaderboard

(commercial operators)

17

ASN Entity Economy IPv6

preferred

rate

22394 Cellco Verizon Wireless US 63.39

6848 Telenet N.V BE 45.73

10091 StarHub Cable Vision Ltd SG 43.48

18126 CTCX Chubu Telecommunications Company; Inc. JP 37.72

31334 Kabel Deutschland Vertrieb und Service GmbH DE 34.78

2516 KDDI KDDI CORPORATION JP 30.29

3303 Swisscom Ltd CH 27.00

29562 Kable BW GmbH DE 25.88

55430 STARHUBINTERNET-AS-NGNBN Starhub Internet Pte Ltd SG 24.93

21928 T-Mobile USA US 24.81

41164 GET Norway NO 20.38

7018 AT&T US 20.36

12322 Free SAS FR 19.89

7922 Comcast Cable Communications US 19.83

4739 INTERNODE-AS Internode Pty Ltd AU 19.37

http://labs.apnic.net/ipv6-measurement/AS/ 24/06/2014

An example: Singapore

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http://labs.apnic.net/ipv6-measurement/Economies/SG/ 20/05//2014

AS55430: StarHub Internet

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http://labs.apnic.net/ipv6-measurement/AS/5/5/4/3/0/ 24/06//2014

An example: Japan

20

http://labs.apnic.net/ipv6-measurement/Economies/JP/ 24/06//2014

AS18126: CTCX Chubu

Telecommunications Company

21

http://labs.apnic.net/ipv6-measurement/AS/1/8/1/2/6/ 24/06//2014

An example: Bangladesh

22

http://labs.apnic.net/ipv6-measurement/Economies/BD/ 15/07/2014

An example: India

23

http://labs.apnic.net/ipv6-measurement/Economies/IN15/07/2014

An example: Nepal

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http://labs.apnic.net/ipv6-measurement/Economies/NP15/07/2014

An example: Pakistan

25

http://labs.apnic.net/ipv6-measurement/Economies/PK15/07/2014

An example: Sri Lanka

26

http://labs.apnic.net/ipv6-measurement/Economies/LK15/07/2014

Summary

• IPv6 deployment is increasing steadily

– But varies among regions, economies, and individual ASNs

– Not happening simultaneously

– Some economies and ASNs have been very active in terms of IPv6

deployment

• Once they enable IPv6 in their network and handsets, their end user

readiness grows VERY rapidly

27

Growth path of the

Internet

• The next wave of Internet growth

• Planning future growth of your

business

28

The Internet: Phenomenal growth

29

http://newsroom.cisco.com/release/1197391/, http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats3.htm#asia, http://www.internetworldstats.com/emarketing.html

World

16 million users in 1995

2.8 billion users in 2013

Asia:

115 million users in 2000

1 billion users in 2013

And the Internet is still growing

30

http://newsroom.cisco.com/release/1197391/, http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats3.htm#asia, http://www.internetworldstats.com/emarketing.html

3.6 billion Internet

users by 2017 in the

world

Over 47% of the world’s

projected population (7.6

billion)

And the Internet is still growing

31

http://newsroom.cisco.com/release/1197391/, http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats3.htm#asia, http://www.internetworldstats.com/emarketing.html

3.6 billion Internet

users by 2017 in the

world

Over 47% of the world’s

projected population (7.6

billion)

1.33 billion Internet users in Asia by 2015, +30 % from 2013

The next wave of Internet growth

• Mobile networks with always on mobile devices

– IP-based services

– Much larger impact on the fundamental nature of the Internet

• Research projects 3G and 4G market share to increase to

53% by 2017

32

http://www.gsmamobileeconomy.com/GSMA%20Mobile%20Economy%202013.pdf

Case Study: T-Mobile USA

• T-Mobile USA reconsidered their IP addressing strategy

and chose a scalable option

33

Feasibility and impact

assessment: 9 months

IPv6 user trial in 2010

Reassessment on IP

addressing strategy in 2009

Deployed IPv6-only +

464XLAT, Oct 2013

http://conference.apnic.net/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/58870/tmo-ipv6-feb-2013_1361827441.pdf

Case Study: T-Mobile USA

• Did not spend any CAPEX to deploy IPv6

• Introduction feature to handsets

– A slow and careful process

• Launched 5 Android phones with 464XLAT as the default in

Oct 2013

– End users will be assigned with IPv6 as a default

– No IPv4 addresses will be assigned

• 3.6 million unique IPv6 subscribers are active on the

network after five months (as of Feb 2014)

34

https://conference.apnic.net/data/37/464xlat-apricot-2014_1393236641.pdf

https://conference.apnic.net/data/37/v6lessonstmo_1393297978.pdf

IPv6 in mobile networks

• 3G+ and 4G (LTE, TD-LTE): Services on voice, messaging

and data are converging on IP-based services

• Rapidly increasing global 3G+ and 4G deployment

– Some mobile network operators have already deployed IPv6

– What is your economy’s situation?

35

Verizon T-Mobile USA

Conclusions: A recipe for successful

IPv6 deployment

36

Plan and act Test

IPv6 default for

new customers

in new networks

Conclusion

• Linkage between government

policies and IPv6

• Recommendation for SATRC

• APNIC efforts in Internet capacity

development

37

Linkage between government policies

and IPv6

• One of three basic components of SATRC Action Plan

(SAP) Phase IV (2012 – 2014)

– Capacity Buildings

• To organize workshops/trainings for the personnel of regulatory

bodies on the recent trends in telecommunication /ICT sector

• Priority items by SATRC Working Group on Policy,

Regulation and Services (SATRC WG-PRS) during SAP

Phase IV:

– Strategies for Migration to IPv6 (Work Item no. PRS1)

– Sustainable Broadband Network for SATRC Countries: Addressing

the Issues of Interconnection and Backhaul Capacity (Work Item

no. PRS4)

http://www.aptsec.org/SAPIV-WGPRS

Information sharing:

APEC TEL IPv6 Guidelines

• Published in 2010 – APNIC contributed its development

• Scope of the document – Lead the industry by example in adopting IPv6

• Ensuring governments’ online presence via IPv4+IPv6

• New procurement requirements with IPv6

– Be ready with transition – do not buy legacy equipment!

– Partnership between governments and industry • Periodic information exchange and collaboration

– Human capacity development • Enhance IPv6 skills of technical staff

• IPv6 training programs to be shared

– International and cross-agency cooperation • Sharing information on IPv6 Best Current Practice

• Avoid duplicating efforts IPv6 implementation

http://www.apec.org/~/media/Files/Groups/TEL/2010_APEC-TEL-IPv6-guidelines-FINAL.doc

Information sharing

Governments

• China

– Great leadership shown by the Chinese State Council

– IPv6 mandates to the industry in Nov 2011: SPs in China are

responding to this mandate

• India

– Department of Telecommunications announced a plan to mandate

state government ministries, departments, and public sector to transit

to IPv6 by March 2012, and updated it March 2013

• Singapore

– IPv6 Transition Program lead by Infocomm Development Authority

(iDA) of Singapore since 2010

– Published IPv6 Adoption Guide for Singapore in March 2011

http://www.apnic.net/community/ipv6-program/ipv6-for-governments

Recipe for proactive IPv6 support

• Many encouraging activities have been seen in the AP

region

– Updating government ICT procurement criteria with IPv6

– Policies to support deploying IPv6 in government networks with clear

mandate goals and timeframe

• Leading the industry by examples in adopting IPv6

– Partnership between public and private sectors, e.g.,

• Establishing certification mechanism to recognize “IPv6 ready” products

• Launching IPv6 project to raise IPv6 awareness among key stakeholders

• Promoting IPv6 activities through media, events, competitions, awards etc.

– Human capacity development

• Supporting IPv6 skill up trainings to the industry

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Recommendations for SATRC

• Encourage “multi-stakeholder” approach:

– Promote cooperative efforts among governments, industry and users

– Develop a coherent strategy to sustain the transition framework

between IPv4 and IPv6

• Establish a clear guidelines to support IPv6 deployment in SATRC

• Keep up-to-date with topics of IPv4 address exhaustion and

IPv6 transition

• IPv6 skill up – Capacity development

Recommendation for SATRC

• Mandate for IPv6 readiness in government procurement forms for ICT goods and services

• Conduct research on IPv6 readiness in the industry

• Develop policies, guidelines, and roadmaps to enable IPv6 in government and network infrastructure

• Subsidize IPv6 skilling up for industry members to support human capacity development

• Lead the industry by example in adopting IPv6

• Partnership between government and industry

• Include the necessity of IPv6 deployment in ministerial statements

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http://www.apnic.net/community/ipv6-program/ipv6-for-governments

How APNIC can contribute

• IPv6 capacity development Provide

– “IPv6 Workshops” in collaboration with regional organizations

• Monitoring IPv6 readiness

– labs.apnic.net

• APNIC works closely with external partners and community

groups to share knowledge and information

– 15 NOGs in the region (and more to come)

– APEC TEL, APT, ASEAN, ITU, and SPC, etc.

• Contribute to your multi-stakeholder outreach efforts

– Regional conferences

APNIC Training and Engineering

Assistance

• Building capacity with APNIC Training – To support resilient and scalable Internet infrastructure

• IPv4 to IPv6 Transition, IPv6 Workshop, Network Security, Routing and BGP etc.

• Engineering Assistance provided by Internet experts – Cost recovery basis direct assistance – IP peering, IPv4 and

IPv6 network, Internet infrastructure security

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training.apnic.net

Extensive IPv6 informaton

www.apnic.net/ipv6

46

You’re Invited!

• APNIC 38: Brisbane, Australia, 9-19 Sep 2014

• APRICOT 2015: Fukuoka, Japan, 24 Feb-6 Mar 2015

47

THANK YOU

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