gout
TRANSCRIPT
GOUT
Dr. A.MOHAN KRISHNA M.S.ORTHO, MCh ORTH(U.K)Consultant Orthopaedic surgeon ,Trauma, Arthroscopy, Arthroplasty Surgeon Apollo hospitals, Hyderabad
Consultant Orthopedic Surgeon at
www.drmohankrishna.comwww.healthyjointclub.comwww.bonesandjointsclinic.com
This presentation is solely for educational purpose. The material included in the presentation represents educational material for the patients and not intended for any treatment purpose
DISCLAIMER
DESCRIPTION
Gout is a metabolic disease in which crystals of Uric acid (Monosodium urate) gets deposited in joints , tendons and surrounding soft tissues.
CAUSESThe proteins that we consume in our diet get digested and undergo various steps of degradation in our body.
Normal metabolism Purinies Diet
/proteins
Uric acid Rise in levels
Formation of crystals
Crystals collect in joint
Rapid pain, swelling and redness of joint
GOUTElimination from the body:urine/faeces
CAUSESHigh levels of Uric acid can be produced due to
Intake of protein rich diet- high purine diet
Abnormalities in chemical pathways that leads to excessive production of uric acid
Certain drugs like Aspirin (Salicylates), Diuretics (Kidney drugs) interfere with the excretion of uric acid thereby raising its level in blood
SYMPTOMS
Uric acid deposits as crystals in joints and tendons
Monosodium urate crystals
Irritation, Inflammation of joints and tendon tissue
Joints hot/red/swollen
SYMPTOMS
• Big toe of foot: classical location.• Hot/red and swollen
• Ankles• Knee
• Elbows • Joints of hand feet
RISK FACTORS
A protein rich diet./A high alcohol intake
Certain races, like Maoris and Polynesian
Obesity.
Conditions that cause high cell turnover, such as polycythaemia (increased red cells), lymphomas and various other cancers can increase blood uric acid levels.Drugs like Diuretics (drugs increasing urine flow) or low dose salicylates,
Kidney diseases.
DIAGNOSIS: HistorySudden onset of severe pain, swelling and redness of joint in great toe of the foot.
swelling of joints of foot, ankles and hands
History of alcohol or red meat intake a day prior to painful attack
History of similar episodes in the past
DIAGNOSIS : Examination:
Acute stagesLong standing cases: uric acid crystals deposit in tendons and tissues – GOUT TOPHI
INVESTIGATIONSBlood tests• Rise in uric acid
Fluid examination from swelling• Uric acid crystals
X-rays• Long standing cases joint destruction
TREATMENT
NSAID’S : Pain killers in high dose initially to settle
pain and swelling
Colchicine : can be given in acute attack
Newer drugs to reduce level of uric acid in blood
Rest to affected joint during acute phase
Acute attack
DRUG TREATMENT
Given to control levels of uric acid in blood.
To prevent long term complications.
Drug dosage to be adjusted according to levels of uric acid.
Allopurinol is one of the oldest and common drug used to control the levels of uric acid in blood. This drug inhibits xanthine oxidase which converts xanthine into uric acid.
Probenicid and Sulphinpyrazone – Promotes excretion of uric acid through kidneys
PREVENTIONOnce you are diagnosed with Gout, you’re a patient of gout for your life.
Avoid Protein rich diet – High Purine foods
Avoid Dehydration: especially in hot weathers
Avoid unaccustomed strenuous exercise.
Care should be taken in patients on long term diuretics and low dose aspirin.
DIET FOR GOUT
COMPLICATIONS OF UNTREATED GOUT
joint damage (Arthritis),
formation of gout tophi (swellings around the joint) and
rare complication of chronic kidney disease
UNTREATED GOUT PATIENT
CONTACTDr.A.MOHAN KRISHNAM.S.Ortho., MCh Ortho(U.K).,Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon,Apollo Hospitals,Hyderabad.Appointments: Secretary : 09247258989 09441184590 08332936085 www.drmohankrishna.comwww.healthyjointclub.comwww.bonesandjointsclinic.comEmail: [email protected]