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If the human brain were so simple that we could understand it, we would be so simple that we couldn’t…. Google Image Result for http://www.uwm.edu/~tking/b109.gif. General Anatomy. Encased in meninges Tough, fibrous protective covering Ventricles & central canal - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
If the human brain were so simple that we could understand it, we would
be so simple that we couldn’t…..
Google Image Result for http://wwwGoogle Image Result for http://www.uwm.edu/~tking/b109.gif.uwm.edu/~tking/b109.gif
General AnatomyGeneral Anatomy
• Encased in meninges– Tough, fibrous protective
covering• Ventricles & central canal
– Cavities in brain & spinal cord
• Contain cerebrospinal fluid to protect, cushion, & nourish brain & spinal cord
Brain Development & Evolution Brain Development & Evolution • Develops from anterior
bulges of early nerve cord– Hindbrain contains
more primitive brain(brainstem), forebrain contains more advanced brain (cerebrum)
– Cerebrum will form left & right hemispheres
• Major regions present in humans at 1 month
BrainstemBrainstem• General function-
homeostasis (involuntary functions), coordination, transmit info between “higher” brain& spinal cord
• 4 regions:– Medulla oblongata & pons-
breathing, heart rate, swallowing, digestion, etc
– Midbrain-receives & processes sensory info, esp. auditory & visual
– Cerebellum-large scale body movement, balance, position of body parts, hand-eye coordination
• Reticular formation-regulates sleep & arousal– Filtering system
• Thalamus– Receives majority of
sensory info, relays to proper part of cerebrum
– Relays signals between cerebrum & motor neurons
– Regulates emotion
• Hypothalamus– Homeostatic regulation
• Controls pituitary gland which controls hunger, thirst, temp., fight or flight
• Circadian rhythms, rage, pleasure
• Both are a part of limbic system
cerebrumcerebrum• Most highly developed part
of brain• Responsible for cognitive
functions– Reasoning, learning, self-
awareness• Convolutions increase
surface area-more is better!• Right & left hemispheres
– Connected by corpus callosum
Cerebral LobesCerebral Lobes
Lateralization of FunctionLateralization of Function
Left Brain• Speech• Language
comprehension• Calculations• Logical thought• Problem solving
Right Brain• Perceptual & spatial
capabilities• Recognition of objects
& routes• Musical/artistic ability• Emotions• creativity
right brain controls left side of body & vice versa
Limbic SystemLimbic System
• Seat of emotions• Contains centers
for memory– Hippocampus &
amygdala
Sheep BrainSheep Brain