golf city hainan
DESCRIPTION
Eds Cressica Brazier, Egbert Chu, Tat Lam, Sid Wichienkuer, Mercy Wong, Li Xu, and Jeffrey Johnson Documentation of the summer workshop Hainan Lingao urban design project in 2007 by China-Lab, at Columbia University, GSAPP.TRANSCRIPT
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CONTENTSSITE 03CONCEPT 05MASTER PLAN 09BOUNDARY 19GOLF COURSE 21GOLF CIRCULATION 23ROADS 27PHASING 35BUILDING 37VIEWS 39DENSITY 41GUIDELINES 45PROGRAM 57VILLAGE 65SUSTAINABILITY 71WELLNESS 75TYPOLOGIES 85TOWER 87
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G. city
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from the Editors...Development in China is about BIG moves, but BIG moves can lead to BIG risks. However it doesn’t have to be this way. Phased developments allow for change and adaptation while leveraging the existing landscape and culture. In this issue of G&H, we explore the potential of building small and the cultivation of small communities. By leveraging the resourc-es of Golfing culture, we took a swing at conceptualizing a city of 3000 situated on a golf resort, with an emphasis on health of mind, body, and community. Let’s tee off!
地產發展在中國講究[大]﹐但這個[大]字意味著風險﹐可是這並不是必然的。分期發展可根據當地的地理人文做出適當的調整或變通。在結合高爾夫﹑健康﹑文化及生活新方式後﹐我們嘗試以[小]去探討發展的可行性。藉著高爾夫文化﹐我們建立的小型社區--一個三千人的度假村落--可供您享受新的健康生活模式。讓我們一起揮桿吧!
地產發展在中國講究[大]﹐但這個[大]字意味著風險﹐可是這並不是必然的。分期發展可根據當地的地理人文做出適當的調整或變通。在結合高爾夫﹑健康﹑文化及生活新方式後﹐我們嘗試以[小]去探討發展的可行性。藉著高爾夫文化﹐我們建立的小型社區--一個三千人的度假村落--可供您享受新的健康生活模式。讓我們一起揮桿吧!
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Become a
MICRODEVELOPER
Working with
MICROFOOTPRINTS
That sponsors intimate
MICROCOMMUNITIES
Accumulating into a
MICROCITY
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Accumulating into a
MICROCITY
Accumulating into a
MICROCITY
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First Seed
SITE G+H 03
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LINGAO
RETIREMENTRESORT
HAIKOU
1.5h
1.5h
SITE G+H 04
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{POWER} moves
CONCEPT G+H 05
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SITE G+H 06
GOLFING CIRCULATIONGolfing circulation and other circulations
GOLFING CIRCULATIONGolfing circulation and the city center
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mechanicsof golfcity
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mechanicsof golfcity
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MASTER PLAN G+H 09
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MASTER PLAN G+H 10
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Tower/Hotel
Outdoor TheaterSculpture ParkRecreational Park
Commercial Corridor
MASTER PLAN G+H 11
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Wellness CtrRec. CtrMedical ClinicClassroomsSchoolsPools
Marina
Parking
MASTER PLAN G+H 12
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a tale of two tours
Golf Village & Village Golf
Understanding the newly proposed relationships between recreation and residential
G+H 17
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a tale of two tours
Golf Village & Village Golf
G+H 18
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BOU
ND
ARY
BOUNDARY G+H 19
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BOU
ND
ARY
BOUNDARY G+H 20
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GO
LF C
OU
RSE
GOLF COURSE G+H 21
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GO
LF C
OU
RSE
GOLF COURSE G+H 22
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GO
LF C
OU
RSE
CIR
CULA
TIO
N
CIRCULATION G+H 23
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GO
LF C
OU
RSE
CIR
CULA
TIO
N
CIRCULATION G+H 24
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Getting Around Town{s}
Moving around inside, out of, and between villages
G+H 25
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Getting Around Town{s}
G+H 26
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CIR
CULA
TIO
N
ROADS G+H 27
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CIR
CULA
TIO
N
CIRCULATION G+H 28
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GO
LF V
ILLA
GE
CON
NEC
TIO
NS
ROADS G+H 29
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ROADS G+H 30
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VILL
AGE
VILL
AGE
CON
NEC
TIO
NS
CONNECTION G+H 31
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VILL
AGE
VILL
AGE
CON
NEC
TIO
NS
CONNECTION G+H 32
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Linking The Links
How to put the village pieces together
G+H 33
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Linking The Links
G+H 34
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PHAS
ING
PHASING G+H 35
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PHAS
ING
PHASING G+H 36
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BUIL
DIN
GS
BUILDING G+H 37
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BUIL
DIN
GS
BUILDING G+H 38
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OCEAN
RICE FIELDS
MARINA
VILLAGE &RICE FIELDS
OCEAN
OCEAN
RICE FIELDS
VIEW
S
VIEWS G+H 39
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OCEAN
RICE FIELDS
MARINA
VILLAGE &RICE FIELDS
OCEAN
OCEAN
RICE FIELDS
VIEW
S
VIEWS G+H 40
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14,000 p/sq.km
Overall density: 5,500 p/sq.km
140,000 p/sq.km
70,000 p/sq.km
600
200
400
1600
700
500
DEN
SITY
DENSITY G+H 41
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14,000 p/sq.km
Overall density: 5,500 p/sq.km
140,000 p/sq.km
70,000 p/sq.km
600
200
400
1600
700
500
DEN
SITY
DENSITY G+H 42
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PAR FOR THE COURSE standards & guidelines for the game
G+H 43
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PAR FOR THE COURSE standards & guidelines for the game
G+H 44
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H1
H2
H3
H4
H5
H6
H11
H12
H13
H14
H15
H16
H17
H18H7
H8
H9
H10
WEL
LNES
S CE
NTER
G
OLF RIBBON
THEATER
THEATER
PUBLICCOURTYARDS
PUBLICCOURTYARDS
PUBLICCOURTYARDS
HOTEL
HINGE TOWER
HINGE TOW
ER
COURTYARDVILLAS
GUIDELINES G+H 45
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H1
H2
H3
H4
H5
H6
H11
H12
H13
H14
H15
H16
H17
H18H7
H8
H9
H10
G
OLF RIBBON
HOTEL
HINGE TOW
ER
Connective courtyards:
0% UNUSABLE SPACE
35% FUNCTIONAL OUTDOOR SPACE15% INFRASTRUCTURE50% RESIDENTIAL
250 RESIDENTS14,000 persons / sq.kmSurrounded by open space
Typical housing development:
20% UNUSABLE SPACE
15% FUNCTIONAL OUTDOOR SPACE27% INFRASTRUCTURE38% RESIDENTIAL
100 RESIDENTS6,000 persons / sq.kmSurrounded by more development
Why purchase wasted space...
When you can invest in ACTIVE space?
CITY WITHIN CITY
Population: 1600 residents21 Courtyard Villas200 Mid-Rise Ribbon Units700 High-Rise Tower Units
GUIDELINES G+H 46
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H1
H2
H3
H4
H5
H6
H11
H12
H13
H14
H15
H16
H17
H18H7
H8
H9
H10
GOLF RIBBON
PUBLICCOURTYARDS
PUBLICCOURTYARDS
COURTYARDVILLAS
GUIDELINES G+H 47
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H1
H2
H3
H4
H5
H6
H11
H12
H13
H14
H15
H16
H17
H18H7
H8
H9
H10
WEL
LNES
S CE
NTER
THEATER
PUBLICCOURTYARDS
HINGE TOWER
HINGE TOW
ER
COURTYARD VILLAGE
Population: 400 residents5 Courtyard Villas100 Attached Low-Rise Units100 Mid-Rise Ribbon Units
GUIDELINES G+H 48
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H1
H2
H3
H4
H5
H6
H11
H12
H13
H14
H15
H16
H17
H18H7
H8
H9
H10
PARKING
MINI MANHATTAN
Population: 700 residents7 Courtyard Villas80 Attached Low-Rise Units300 High-Rise Tower Units
GUIDELINES G+H 49
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H1
H2
H3
H4
H5
H6
H11
H12
H13
H14
H15
H16
H17
H18H7
H8
H9
H10
HIN
GE
TOWER
HING
E TOWER
PUBLICCOURTYARDS
COURTYARDVILLAS
GUIDELINES G+H 50
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H1
H2
H3
H4
H5
H6
H11
H12
H13
H14
H15
H16
H17
H18H7
H8
H9
H10
GOLF RIBBON
TOWERHOTEL TOWER
TOWER TOWER
TOWER
HOTELOPEN AIR MARKETS
GUIDELINES G+H 51
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H1
H2
H3
H4
H5
H6
H11
H12
H13
H14
H15
H16
H17
H18H7
H8
H9
H10
MARINA PIER
TIDAL WHISPER VILLAGE
Population: 500 residents200 Rooms Low & Mid-Rise Hotel Towers 100 Mid-Rise Golf Ribbon Units200 High-Rise Tower Units
GUIDELINES G+H 52
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G+H 53
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G+H 54
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OUT OF THE ROUGH, FLAG IN SIGHTthe village life
G+H 55
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OUT OF THE ROUGH, FLAG IN SIGHTthe village life
G+H 56
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PROGRAMS G+H 57
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OUT OF BOUNDSBlurring the edges of village, golf, and farmland
G+H 58
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FARMING ONTHE FAIRWAY
G+H 59
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G+H 60
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VILLAGE GOLFING recreational interfaces
EDGE G+H 61
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VILLAGE GOLFING recreational interfaces
EDGE G+H 62
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G+H 63
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G+H 64
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circ
ulat
ion
publ
ic c
ourt
yard
priv
ate
cour
tyar
d
VILLAGE G+H 65
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VILLAGES G+H 66
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ET
IQU
ET
TE
BY
... D
ES
IGN
VILLAGE G+H 67
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COMBINED OPEN SPACE AND COURTYARD COMPLEXES
COURTYARD COMPLEXES OPEN SPACE ( SEMI-PRIVATE COURTYARDS AND THOROUGHFARES)
GENERAL PATTERN
WITH LINKED BUILDINGS
The thoroughfare links public open spaces. These spaces accomodate commercial programs.
The shared courtyards become semi-private open space. that is both exclusive and secure.
Buildings will link to create greater density.
Interlocking Public/ Private Space
VILLAGES G+H 68
OPEN SPACE OVERLAYED WITH GOLF COURSE
COURTYARD COMPLEXES OVERLAYED WITH GOLF COURSE
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MACRO SECURITY
ONSAFEGROUND
G+H 69
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MICRO SECURITY
Semi-private courtyard
Micro-Security Organizations
Open public squaresONSAFEGROUND
G+H 70
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Sustainable {FOCUS}
GREENER GOLF How a Hainan Golf Resort is setting the green standard for development in chinaGolf courses in tropical settings require about 1 million gallons of water per day, and treated wastewater can supply most of this extreme irrigation. By embedding micro-communities within the golfing landscape, recycled water is readily available for mainte-nance of the course. With a per capita production of 150 gallons of greywater each day, a community of 3,000 provides over half of the golf course’s irrigation requirements.
SUBSTAINABILITY G+H 71
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UV
BIOREMEDIATION
Water management: Innovative dual-line system for potable and non-potable water.Natural fertilizers and no pesticidesRunoff filtration by surrounding plantingsCooperation with local governments to ensure water quality standards
Environmental Conservation & Enhancement Of Productive Landscape Usage
Following the success of Beijing’s Purple Dragon Villas as an upscale development dedicated to environmental conservation, the course will conserve 20% of the natural land-scape on the course, and will remediate an additional 10%.The buffer zones ensure that the land will not continue to be developed, preserving both the environmental sanctuary and the viable density of the community. The courses become integrated with the farm-ing landscape, via strategies including using fruit trees as buffers.
Following The USGA & Audubon International’s Green Standards For Golfing
Environmental Planning
Wildlife & Habitat Management
Member/Public Involvement
Integrated Pest Management
Water Conservation
Water Quality Management
G+H 72
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8
TIPS TO “FOSTERING WELLNESS”
G+H 73
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1 Visit a wellness center
2 Live in small communities
3 Walk everywhere
4 Live in stress-free environment
5 Breathe clean air
6 Have peace of mind
7 Be active
8 Invite family often
TIPS TO “FOSTERING WELLNESS”
G+H 74
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health counseling
health checkup
critical care
continuing care
fitness
spa/alternative medicine
community health
VACATIONERSWELLNESSCENTER
WELLNESSCENTER
WELLNESSCENTER
WELLNESSCENTER
WELLNESSCENTER
WELLNESSCENTER
WELLNESSCENTER
CENTRAL RESEARCH& CRITICAL CARE CAMPUS
WELLNESSCENTER
WELLNESS G+H 75
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health counseling
health checkup
critical care
continuing care
fitness
spa/alternative medicine
community health
VACATIONERSWELLNESSCENTER
WELLNESSCENTER
WELLNESSCENTER
WELLNESSCENTER
WELLNESSCENTER
WELLNESSCENTER
WELLNESSCENTER
CENTRAL RESEARCH& CRITICAL CARE CAMPUS
WELLNESSCENTER
WELLNESS G+H 76
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GET WELL SOONIncorporating wellness in village life
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GET WELL SOONIncorporating wellness in village life
G+H 78
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PHASE 0Tower in central city is adjacent to the central open space (the 19th hole).
PHASE 1The wellness center extends from the tower into central open space. Initially, the building contains a small school for the growing population. Also, there is a series of small open spaces for activities (tai-chi, wading) . Preventive care & medical facilities will remain here throughout the growth, to maintain centralized accessibility and utilize circulation paths.
PHASE 2The wellness center expands its programs, and the school adjoins along the spine. More active space is added (a larger playground, basketball courts, a tennis court, and extended pool). Small spaces grow along the 2nd floor spine to accommodate a range of classes and administration. The ground floor accommodates a series of large programs such as indoor activity space and the auditorium.
PHASE 3The growth of small spaces along the 2nd floor spine allows for expansion of the school and greater usage of the wellness center as the population increases. The large space accommodates a theater and a general staging area. More outdoor/indoor sports facilities are available, including a community pool and tennis courts.
WELLNESS CENTER DEVELOPMENT SEQUENCEA MODEL FOR FLEXIBLE GROWTH ON THE 19TH HOLE
P1. The wellness center and small school. Classrooms, medical facilities, and administration are initialized. The wellness center’s medical facilities will remain here and in later stages will take up the entirety of this portion.
P2. & P3. The expanded classrooms and wellness programs.
+
+
wellnesscenter
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PHASE 0Tower in central city is adjacent to the central open space (the 19th hole).
PHASE 1The wellness center extends from the tower into central open space. Initially, the building contains a small school for the growing population. Also, there is a series of small open spaces for activities (tai-chi, wading) . Preventive care & medical facilities will remain here throughout the growth, to maintain centralized accessibility and utilize circulation paths.
PHASE 2The wellness center expands its programs, and the school adjoins along the spine. More active space is added (a larger playground, basketball courts, a tennis court, and extended pool). Small spaces grow along the 2nd floor spine to accommodate a range of classes and administration. The ground floor accommodates a series of large programs such as indoor activity space and the auditorium.
PHASE 3The growth of small spaces along the 2nd floor spine allows for expansion of the school and greater usage of the wellness center as the population increases. The large space accommodates a theater and a general staging area. More outdoor/indoor sports facilities are available, including a community pool and tennis courts.
WELLNESS CENTER DEVELOPMENT SEQUENCEA MODEL FOR FLEXIBLE GROWTH ON THE 19TH HOLE
P1. The wellness center and small school. Classrooms, medical facilities, and administration are initialized. The wellness center’s medical facilities will remain here and in later stages will take up the entirety of this portion.
P2. & P3. The expanded classrooms and wellness programs.
+
+
WELLNESS G+H 80
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G+H 81
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G+H 82
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tee is forTowers
G+H 83
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G+H 84
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G+H 85
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COURTYARD HOUSINGTotal Area: 140,000 m2
14,000 ppl/km2
MID-RISE TOWERSTotal Area: 60,000 m2
35,000 ppl/km2
HIGH-RISE TOWERSTotal Area: 30,000 m2
70,000 ppl/km2
TOWER TYPOLOGY EFFICIENCYFOR A POPULATION OF 2,000
DETACHED HOUSINGTotal Area: 280,000 m2
7,000 ppl/km2
TYPOLOGIES G+H 86
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STACKED PUBLIC BELOW PRIVATE
DISPERSED GREEN OPEN SPACE IDENTIFIED COLLISION ZONES FORMAL AND PROGRAMMATIC SOLUTION
UNIFORM PUBLIC & PRIVATE INTERACTIVE PUBLIC & PRIVATE
RECREATION/COMMERCIAL
RESIDENTIAL
PUBLIC OR PRIVATE GREEN OPEN SPACES
RECREATION/COMMERCIAL
RESIDENTIAL
POSSIBLE STRAY BALLS
SAFE ZONE FROM STRAY BALLS
RECREATION/COMMERCIAL
RESIDENTIAL
vertical villageTOWER G+H 87
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STACKED PUBLIC BELOW PRIVATE
DISPERSED GREEN OPEN SPACE IDENTIFIED COLLISION ZONES FORMAL AND PROGRAMMATIC SOLUTION
UNIFORM PUBLIC & PRIVATE INTERACTIVE PUBLIC & PRIVATE
RECREATION/COMMERCIAL
RESIDENTIAL
PUBLIC OR PRIVATE GREEN OPEN SPACES
RECREATION/COMMERCIAL
RESIDENTIAL
POSSIBLE STRAY BALLS
SAFE ZONE FROM STRAY BALLS
RECREATION/COMMERCIAL
RESIDENTIAL
vertical villageTOWERS G+H 88
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from thesea
MARINA G+H 89
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MARINA G+H 90
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G+H 91
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G+H 92
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editorsCressica BrazierEgbert ChuTat LamSid WichienkuerMercy WongLi Xu+ Jeffrey Johnson