golf and turf drainage - home - pms engineering ltd. · 2007. 9. 11. · 10208 golf and turf...

Golf and Turf Drainage

Keeping golf courses and athletic fieldsplayable – and profitable

10208 Golf and Turf Drainage 6/24/06 5:56 PM Page 1

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The increasing popularity of golf, fieldsports, and other outdoor eventsplaces growing demands on turfdesign and maintenance. Technologyis responding with new soil/sandcomposites, hybrid seeds, improvedforms of artificial turf, and otheradvances.

But underneath it all, proper drainageis perhaps your most productiveinvestment in the long-term healthand playability of recreational sur-faces. Consider the following benefitsof a well designed and maintaineddrainage system:

Healthier grass and sodGood drainage promotes deeper rootgrowth and the “knitting” effect of theroots, which stabilizes your playingsurface and lessens the tearing of theturf.

More effective use of soil nutrientsA well drained field will improve theuptake of nitrogen, potassium andmagnesium.

Reduced risk of diseaseTurf that does not continuously sit indamp soils will be more resistant tofungus and disease.

Maximum playabilityFewer games and events will be can-celled or extensively delayed due toheavy rain. A well drained golf courseallows golfers to resume play faster,with less damage to the course.

Reduced compactionDrainage lessens the surface defor-mation caused by heavy traffic andsoil compaction.

Removal of soluble saltsDrainage improves turf quality in aridand semi-arid areas through theleaching of soluble salts.

Safer surfacesGood drainage reduces field damageand turf instability, providing playerswith better footing and less chance ofinjury.

The bottom line for designers, ownersand managers is that proper drainageincreases the playability of turf sur-faces while reducing maintenanceand repair costs.

Play longer, better – and drier –with engineered turf drainage


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No other company can match ADS’sbroad product offering of pipe, fittingsand accessories. Those suited for theturf industry are detailed below:

N-12® smooth interior pipe

Provides excellent flow and durabilityfor rapid outlet and transfer of collect-ed storm water. Available with soil-tight or water-tight built-in gasketedbell and spigot joints for quick instal-lation. Delivered in 6m lengths, 4”through 60” diameters, perforated ornon-perforated.

Single wall corrugated pipe

3” through 24” diameter perforated orsolid pipe serves well for localizedcollection and drainage. Coils avail-able in 3” through 6” and 20 ft.lengths in larger sizes.

Fittings

ADS offers a complete line of cou-plings, elbows, tees, wyes, andreducers for joining corrugated pipe.In 4” through 8” diameters, fittings areinjection molded and provide quick,snap-together connections for soil-tight or water-tight joints. Fabricatedfittings are available for larger pipesizes.

AdvanEDGE® flat pipe

A perforated panel-shaped polyethyl-ene core in 12” and 18” widths and incoils up to 100 ft. Can be used withor without a covering geotextile sockfor filtration of fines. The primary ben-efit of the panel design is rapiddrainage response: 12” AdvanEDGEhas twice the response rate of 4”round pipe, removing a given quantityof water 60% faster. AdvanEDGE canbe installed vertically in narrowtrenches for field and perimeterdrainage, or laid flat directly on thesubgrade of greens, bunkers and ath-letic fields.

DrainTech™ Drain Basins,Grates, and Valve Boxes

ADS now offers a full line of basins,grates, channel drains & valve boxesmade of rigid, lightweight polyolefins.DrainTech structures easily adapt tothe most common types of pipe,including corrugated and smooth wallpolyethylene, and schedule 40 PVC.See page 6 for more information.

Nyloplast® inline drainsand drain basins

Designed for rapid collection of sur-face water from all types of playingsurfaces. Ductile iron grates will easi-ly withstand loadings from carts,mowers and tractors.

Duraslot® surface drains

Linear drains designed to capturesheet flow from sloping surfaces.Made from 4” through 36” N-12 pipewith an aluminum slot mounted ontop. Typically specified for parks, cartpaths, parking lots, dugouts, runningtracks and similar applications.

Geosynthetic products

ADS offers a complete line of wovenand non-woven geotextile construc-tion fabrics, silt fencing, geogrids anderosion control mats for soil stabiliza-tion, reinforcement, filtration, separa-tion, and sub-surface drainage.

ADS: Everything for turf drainage


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Putting greensFor more than four decades, theUSGA has been publishing a wealthof data on golf course design andconstruction, and is considered theworld’s foremost authority in this field.In 2004, after three years of researchin conjunction with The Ohio StateUniversity, the USGA issued arevised recommendation for puttinggreen construction.

For the first time, this new standardpermits both round pipe and now flatpipe for green drainage. The flat pipemust conform to ASTM D 7001, be aminimum of 12” in width, and not cov-ered by a geotextile sleeve (waffledrains or any tubing encased in geo-textile sleeves are specifically prohib-ited). AdvanEDGE flat pipe is in fullcompliance with all the specifica-tions of ASTM D 7001.

Trenchless green drainageThe use of AdvanEDGE flat pipeplaced directly on the green’s sub-base has two distinct benefits: betterdrainage performance and lowerinstalled cost. The panel pipe’s largesurface area results in a waterremoval rate almost twice that of 4”round pipe. And because there areno trenches to dig, no gravel backfill

to buy or install, and no trench spoilsto dispose of, green constructioncosts can be significantly reduced.

An AdvanEDGE drainage layout canbe installed in less than two hours,compared to a full day for trenchedround pipe. One expert has estimatedthe cost savings to be as much as$40,000 for 18 holes.

Golf Courses

AdvanEDGE® Pipe for Putting Greens

Undisturbedearth

Collar

Soil mixtureSurface turfEdge of green

Gravel

Pin with 60 pennynails as required

Spacingas required

12� AdvanEDGE

Undisturbedearth

Collar

Sand mixSurface turfEdge of green

Pin with 60 pennynails as required

Spacingas required

12� AdvanEDGE

In the United States today, two basic types of puttinggreens are predominant. USGA greens are moreprevalent nationally, employing a soil mixture root zoneabove a layer of gravel.

California greens feature an all-sand root zone with nogravel layer. AdvanEDGE flat pipe is recommended foruse with both types. California green specifications callfor the flat pipe to be covered with a geotextile sock.

UUSSGGAA GGrreeeennss CCaalliiffoorrnniiaa GGrreeeennss


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Traditional green drainageADS round pipe and fittings are alsowell suited for drainage of puttinggreens. Illustrated at right is a typicallayout using 4” perforated lateralsand 6” solid N-12® pipe installed ingravel-filled trenches in the subgrade.

Course drainageUnmanaged storm water results inponding and mushiness, which dam-ages turf and reduces the number ofrounds that can be played. Tee boxesand fairways can be effectivelydrained with ADS polyethylene pipe.Smaller diameter, perforated, singlewall pipe is used for laterals and localcollection, feeding larger trunks andoutlet lines made with N-12 pipe.Nyloplast inline drains and drainbasins collect surface water from lowspots.

Horizontal Drain Basin (HDB):A cure for wet bunkersSand traps present a specialdrainage challenge due to periodicclogging of the perforated drain lines.Removing the accumulated silt hasbeen a time-consuming and costlyprocess. The ADS Horizontal DrainBasin (HDB) is an effective and eco-nomical solution to this problem.

The HDB consists of a 12” high x 16”wide x 48” long polyethylene waterreceptacle covered by a filtrationscreen sandwiched between twofiberglass grates. It is installed in thesubgrade at the lowest point(s) of thebunker. Drainage pipes are tappedinto the sides, and an exit drain isinstalled at the downstream end. Themesh screen helps to keep silts outof the drain water, and greatlyextends the cleaning interval. Whenrejuvenation is needed, simplyuncover the unit, remove the grate,flush out the screen and receptacle,reassemble and re-cover.

4” capped cleanout

4” solid trunk line

4” perforatedlateral line

4” perforatedsmile drain

HDB located atlowest pointof subgrade

6” of stabilizedsand material

4” solid exit pipewith 2% slope

Perforated 4” laterallines, 0.5% slopeminimum, placedperpendicular toflow of surfacedrainage of thesubgrade. Max.15 ft. centers.

Edge of green

Main line, with minimum0.5% slope

6” solid N-12 pipeCap all ends of laterals

Smile drain

Exit line with minimum 0.5% slope to outlet.2 ft. cover, backfilled with rock free material.


DrainTech DrainBasins, Grates, and Valve Boxes

6

DrainTech

Water removal rateProfessional sports stadiums, particularly those subject to frequent heavyrainfall, may call for several inches per hour of water removal, while formost other venues, a removal rate of a half-inch per hour would be ade-quate.

If we know the playing field dimensions, the desired water removal rate,and the space between 4” lateral drain lines, we can calculate the waterremoval rate needed for each line as follows:

Given:Area of football field = 160 ft. x 360 ft. = 57,600 sq. ft. = 1.32 acresDesired water removal rate = 12” in 24 hrs = 288 GPM per acre4” lateral drain pipe = 10 lines, each 360 ft. long, 16 feet apart

Then:Area drained by each pipe = 16 ft. x 360 ft. = 57,600 sq. ft. = .132 acresRemoval rate for entire field = 288 GPM x 1.32 acres = 380 GPMRemoval rate per line of pipe = 380 GPM ÷ 10 lines = 38 GPM per line

6" Manifold Perforated Pipe

8� PipeOutletMain

4� PerforatedPipe

6� Non-PerforatedPipe

The infields of baseball/softball diamondsmay require more intense drainage than theoutfields because of the extra play. Drainlines on the infield should be spaced atintervals of 15 ft. or less. Drainage spacingin the outfield will vary according to soilpermeability and the frequency and severityof rainfall events.

The innovativeDrainTech line offers acomplete selection ofproducts in rigid, light-weight polyolefins for out-door drainage and turf irri-gation. DrainTech drainbasins are available in sizes rang-ing from 6” to 18”, and can be attachedto many sizes of pipe by usingDrainTech locking adapters. A full lineof grates, both round and square, canbe used with drain basins or attacheddirectly to pipe. Valve boxes with ris-ers are available to protect irrigation

controls and utility meters. We alsooffer a line of channel basins, grates,and channel fittings for use as horizon-tal drains on driveways, walkways andpaths.

DrainTech grates and valve boxes come in a variety of colors to blend with grass, concrete or sand surfaces.


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Pipe depthMost athletic fields have uniformlystructured soils in the root zone,which drain relatively quickly. Thedepth of the pipe is primarily deter-mined by the permeability of the sur-rounding soil, and the inches of waterthat need to be removed in a 24-hourperiod.

Turf grass root zones are fairly shal-low, and drainage for most athleticfields is needed in only the top foot ofsoil. This, plus rapid water removalrequirements, dictates a drain depthof one to two feet. However, in areaswhere salinization may be a problem,a deeper drain depth may be war-ranted.

Many times, particularly in stadiums,a 6” to 8” soil/sand mix is imported tothe site. This soil is usually of higher

permeability than the existing sub-grade, which can be compacted up to95%. Because the imported soil doesdrain quickly, it is important to posi-tion the drainage lines close to thesoil mixture in order to accept andcarry the water away to an outlet.

Pipe should never be covered with animpermeable layer of soil.

Turf aeration equipment should alsobe considered. Some aeration tinescan penetrate to a depth of 9”, whichcould damage the buried pipe.

Drawdown Position Between Two Pipe Lateralson Compacted Ground

Topsoil

Water table drawdown

Subdrain(4� min.)

3� min.

12� to 24�

Sand or gravelbackfill

18� min.

10� to 20�

Athletic Fields


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WASHINGTON

OREGON

CALIFORNIA

NEVADA UTAH WYOMING

COLORADO

ARIZONA

MONTANANORTH DAKOTA

SOUTH DAKOTA

NEBRASKA

KANSAS

MINNESOTA

IOWA

MISSOURI

WISCONSIN

INDIANA

MICHIGAN

W.VA

PENNSYLVANIA

MD NJ

VT

MACT

NEW YORK NH

MAINE

RI

OKLAHOMATEXAS

ARKANSAS

LOUISIANA

MISS. ALABAMA GEORGIA

S. CARO.

FL

ILLINOIS

DE

HAWAII

ALASKA

IDAHO

NEW MEXICO

VIRGINIA

TENNESSEE

OHIO

KENTUCKY

N. CARO.

Advanced Drainage Systems (ADS) is the world’slargest manufacturer of polyethylene drainage prod-ucts. Since the 1960s, the company has led the indus-try with a record of painstaking research, new productdevelopment, and breakthrough applications.Customers around the world insist on ADS quality andservice to protect their job site investments.

ADS offers unparalleled resources to assist designersand installers of turf drainage systems: more than 350field sales professionals, 35 regional application engi-neers, 40 domestic and international plants, over 30distribution yards, and over 100 customer service rep-resentatives, not to mention more than 4,000 localstocking distributors of construction, drainage and turfmaintenance supplies.

For information, technical assistance, or the name ofthe outlet serving your area, contact your local ADSrepresentative or call 1-800-821-6710.

ADS Sales and Service Locations

Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. the green stripe, N-12®, AdvanEDGE® are registered trademarks of Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. Duraslot® is a registered trademark of Hall Construction Products.

Nyloplast is a registered trademark of Nyloplast. © 2006 Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc.Form #10208 Revised 6/06 Printed in U.S.A.

Quality drainage products whenand where you need them

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4 6 4 0 T R U E M A N B L V D., H I L L I A R D , O H 4 3 0 2 68 0 0 - 8 2 1 - 6 7 1 0 w w w . a d s - p i p e . c o m

To learn more about ADS turf drainage products, log on towww.ads-pipe.com, or call 1-800-821-6710.

Customer Service Centers

� MIDWEST /NORTHEASTLONDON, OH1-800-733-9554

� SOUTHERNFRANKLIN, TN1-800-733-9987

� WESTERNWASHOUGAL, WA1-800-733-8523

� MANUFACTURINGFACILITY LOCATIONS

ADS “Terms and Conditions of Sale” are available on the ADS website, www.ads-pipe.com

10208 Golf and Turf Drainage 6/27/06 9:59 AM Page 8

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golf and turf drainage - home - pms engineering ltd. · 2007. 9. 11. · 10208 golf and turf...

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