GOES-R Direct Readout Implications

Richard G. ReynoldsGOES-R Ground Segment Project

6th GOES User Conference“Session 5: GOES-R User Readiness”

8:30-10:15 am / Wednesday November 4

An update of the presentation to the Direct Readout Users ConferenceBy Wilfred E. Mazur Jr. - December 11, 2008

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• Direct Readout Services• GOES-R Program Status• New Instruments for GOES-R • GOES-R Frequency Plan• Implications to Communications Services

– GRB and Dual Polarization– GRB Receive Systems – EMWIN & LRIT Become HRIT/EMWIN– Emulated GVAR (eGVAR)– DCS– SARSAT

• Multi-Use Data Link (MDL)

Topics

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Direct Readout Services Overview

Data Collection System

(DCS)

GOES Rebroadcast

(GRB)High Rate Information

Transmission / Emergency Managers Weather Information

Network

(HRIT/EMWIN)

Emulated GOES Variable

(eGVAR)

Search and Rescue Satellite Aided Tracking

(SARSAT)3

GOES-R Program Status• Instrument Contracts – ABI / SUVI / EXIS / SEISS / GLM

– All Under Contract

• Spacecraft Contract– July 22. 2009 – Lockheed-Martin– Denver, Colorado NNG07193033J, NNG08193033R /

http://prod.nais.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eps/bizops.cgi?gr=D&pin=51

• Ground Segment Contract– May 27, 2009 – Harris Corporation– Melbourne, Florida DG133E-08-RP-0068

http://www.fedbizopps.gov

• Antenna System Acquisition– October 22, 2009 – Proposals Received and Undergoing Evaluation

• GOES-R Access Subsystem (GAS) / Ancillary Data Relay System (ADRS) / HRIT/EMWIN “Domain-5” Upgrade / Data Collection System IF Compatibility

– RFP to be Released Soon

• GOES-R Launch Readiness Date GOES-S Launch Readiness Date– September 2015 -- February 2017

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•506/19/2008 v2 5

Wallops Command and Data Acquisition Station (WCDAS)

Wallops, VA

NOAASatellite Operations

Facility (NSOF)Suitland, MD

RemoteBackup (RBU) Facility

Fairmont, WV

GOES-East75° West

GOES-West137° West

GOES-R System Configuration

Command & control, d

ata

Data

Command & control, data

Direct Readout

Users

Data

GOES I-P GOES-R Significant Changes

Imager ABI Greater Resolution &

More Channels

Sounder -- ABI to provide most Legacy

Capabilities

SXI SUVI More Channels

EUV & XRS EXIS None

Magnetometer Magnetometer None

HEPAD & EPS SEISS Greater Energy Ranges

-- GLM NEW -- Geostationary

Lightning Mapper

Instrument Performance

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Instrument Data Delivery

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Instrument Raw Data Rate Comparison

0102030405060708090

GOES-R GOES I-P

Tota

l Mbp

s

MAG

EXIS

SEISS

SUVI

GLM

ABI

MAG

EUV/XRS

SXI

SOUNDER

IMAGER

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GOES-R Frequency Plan

1675 1680 1685 1690 1695 1700 22101545 1670

Radiosondes1675 to 1683 MHz

GRB(dual pol)

1690.0 MHz

CDATelemetry

BPSK1696.3 MHz

HRIT/EMWINBPSK

1697.4 MHz

DCPRFDM

1683.3 MHz1683.6 MHz

405 2025 2030 2035400

GRB(dual pol)

7220.0 MHz

EMWIN-LRITBPSK

2028.4 MHz

CommandBPSK

2034.2 MHz

DCPCCDMA

2032.775 MHz2032.825 MHz

DCPRFDM/8PSK401.9 MHz402.2 MHz

7210 7215 7220 7225

DOWNLINKS (RAW DATA DOWNLINK AT 8220 MHz NOT SHOWN)

UPLINKS

SARFDM/Bi-Φ

406.05 MHz

SARFDM

1544.550 MHz

DSNTelem & Rng

BPSK/PM2211.04 MHz

470

DCPCCDMA

468.775 MHz468.825 MHz

Commandand Ranging

BPSK2036.0 MHz

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• Provides full resolution products from all instruments– All data will be calibrated and navigated (“Level 1b”)– Except … GLM will be higher level products (“Level 2+”)

• “Events,” “Groups,” and “Flashes”

• Replaces current GVAR service– 31 Mbps vs. 2.1 Mbps

• 15.5 Mbps/polarizationplus coding overhead• NRZ-M and Randomized

– Direct Readout (DRO) receive systems specified for same size antennas (G/T of 15.2 dB/K), however with significant changes:

• New center frequency 1690.0 MHz vs. 1685.7 MHz• High-level modulation (e.g. QPSK, OQPSK or 8-PSK, TBD) vs. BPSK• Dual polarization – requiring feed changes and dual receiver chains• CCSDS packet formatting

GOES[-R] Rebroadcast (GRB)

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GOES[-R] Rebroadcast (GRB) (Continued)

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• Forward error detection coding (Rate 3/5 BCH/LDPC) to reduce required C/No.

• DVB-S2 link characteristics and compatibility under consideration

– System specified for 2.5 dB margin

• Left-Hand Circular Polarization (LHCP) to provide– ABI … 0.64, 3.9, 6.185, 7.34, 11.2, 12.3, 13.3 micron

channels

• Right-Hand Circular Polarization (RHCP) to provide– Remaining nine ABI channels, plus all other instruments

GRB 99.99% Availability Coverage

0.01% Exceedence of 22 dB

interference level based on “Initial Bound Equation” determined by the

conducted measurements and the ITU-R 0.01% rain rate for given areas in the GOES antenna footprint.

GOES West GOES East

Interference level could be exceeded in the DARK BLUE area

Some locations near the equator may experience a reduced, but positive, margin under expected worst case conditions

Interferen

ce Level

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DVB-S2* PCI Card Receiver

~$750/polarization– $~300 for a PCI-Card

–$450 for an equivalent new PC from Dell

Data Aggregator

$450 for an equivalent new PC from Dell

One Concept for a GRB Small User Receive System

LNAFilter90 degHybrid RHCP

LHCP

LNAFilter

Demodulator

Data Handling

Demodulator Storage

Antenna & Feed Downconverter & Demodulator

Data Aggregator

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• As a contingency capability, and to give users additional time to transition from GVAR to GRB, eGVAR will provide GOES-R Imagery to Users capable of receiving today’s GVAR data stream– Will be broadcast through a GOES I/P Series Satellite – The signal will have the GVAR characteristics:

• Same transmit frequency (1685.7 MHz) and power levels• Same GVAR data rate (2.11 Mbps) and format• Five Similar Imager channel wavelengths (Based on ABI channels

0.64, 4.9, 6.19, 11.2, 13.3 µm)• Imagery will be mapped to GOES NOP temporal and spatial

resolution• No Sounder data• One full-earth disk every 30-minutes

– No Mesoscale data – No “Rapid Scan;” No “Super Rapid Scan”

Emulated GVAR (eGVAR)

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– Not an option for long-term use– Will only be operational based on assessments of end

user readiness near the time for GOES-R operations:• Presumes a spare satellite is available

– Users must not be lax in preparing for actual GOES-R (i.e., GRB) readiness

Emulated GVAR (eGVAR) (Continued)

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GRB & eGVAR Flows

LegendInstrument Raw Data downlinkGRB relay uplinkeGVAR relay uplinkGRB RF BroadcasteGVAR RF BroadcastTerrestrial/Network Comm

GOES-R Satellite

GOES-N/O/P SSGS

GOES-N/O/P RF

GOES-I/P Series Satellite

eGVAR UserGRB User

Product Gen

eGVAR & GRB

Product Generation

GRB

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• Successor to individual Low Rate Image Transmission broadcast (LRIT) and the Emergency Managers Weather Information Network broadcast (EMWIN) combined onto one carrier.

• Frequency change from 1691.0 MHz/1692.7 MHz to 1694.7 MHz • Higher data rate … 921 Kbps• Provides growth path for both Services to a combined 400 Kbps

– LRIT currently 128 Kbps– EMWIN currently:

– 9.6 Kbps (GOES 11&12), 19.2 Kbps for GOES 13-15.• Will utilize BPSK modulation w/ convolutional and Reed-Solomon

coding– Same as LRIT, but higher data rate– Allows maximum EIRP from satellite due to Power Spectral Density

restrictions– EMWIN Users modulation type changes from uncoded FSK (GOES I-M)

and from coded OQPSK (GOES-NOP) to coded BPSK at much higher data rate.

HRIT/EMWIN

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• Name change to High Rate Information Transmission (HRIT) required by CGMS categorization of services

• Virtual Channel Data Units used to separate HRIT and EMWIN data– CCSCS Virtual channels as used in LRIT today

• Prototype “Software Defined Radio” developed and demonstrated:– One hardware/software configuration can receive all current and

future EMWIN, LRIT and HIRT/EMWIN signals with NO hardware changes or upgrades (GOES I-S compatible). No user transition necessary.

– Technology demonstration to proves low cost, PC-based terminals are possible for all data rates and modulation types

– Performance data, Hardware design and software design is available on WWW.GOES-R .GOV

– Development performed for GOES-R Program by Aerospace Corp.– Presentation and Demonstrations provided last night

HRIT/EMWIN (Continued)

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HRIT/EMWIN Ground Data Flow (Per satellite)

Comm Processor

(Domain 4)

HRIT/EMWINCCSDSTCP/IP

Ant./RF

NSOF

WCDAS

RF Up/Down

RBU

Uplink Processor(Domain 5)

IF Modulation

IF S

wit

ch

HRIT/EMWINCCSDS

TCP/IP (B/U)

Ant./RFRF Up/Down

GOES-R GS

GOES-R GS

HRIT/EMWIN Uplink & Signal

Monitoring

HRIT/EMWIN Uplink & Signal

Monitoring

IF S

wit

ch Uplink Processor(Domain 5)

IF Modulation

EMWINFromNWS

HRITFromESPC

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GOES Data Collection SystemGOES Data Collection System

• GOES-DCS consists of two communication Services:– Data Collection Platform Receive (DCPR)– Data Collection Command (DCPC) … Previously “Interrogate” (DCPI)

• GOES-R will support the ongoing evolution toward greater channel efficiency and system capacity– Narrower DCPR channel assignments allowing both East and West

satellites to each support 200 simultaneous platform signals, with a total system capacity of about 72,000 platforms

– A new DCPC service, based on CDMA techniques, currently in prototype development. This user-funded development concept will allow one command channel on each GOES NOP Series satellite and two channels on each GOES-R Series satellite

• Direct Broadcast of DCPR to User systems having 15.0 G/T will continue to be supported, but ….

GOES Data Collection System

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• Summary of Changes to GOES-DCS for GOES-R Series:– DCP uplink transmit power reduced, in accordance with

latest DCP Certification Specifications– DCPR uplink frequencies will be unchanged– DCPR Downlink frequencies will be shifted from 1694.5-

1694.8 MHz to 1683.3-1683.6 MHz • Will require change in channel demodulator frequency

– DCPI becomes DCPC:• Will be compatible with on-going User-funded developments

compatible with current satellites• Able to support a second DCPC channel

GOES Data Collection System (Continued)

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SARSAT

• Signal characteristics of the SARSAT service will be slightly modified for GOES-R:– Up and down-link center frequencies remain the same– GOES-R will transpond, rather than re-modulate, the up-link band– Will require configuration changes to the LUT receiver

• To account for degraded Beacons, GOES-R will operate with 32 dBm uplink power (versus 36 dBm for GOES-NOP)– Provides improved capability to support beacons with weak

signals– Transponder will also operate with a minimum of 10 uplink

beacons simultaneously– Conforms to COSPAS/SARSAT Specification T001, Issue 3 Revision

8 dated Nov 2007

SARSAT

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• All raw instrument data will be transmitted to the ground in X-Band vs. today’s S-Band– X-band provides ‘spot beam’ geographical coverage vs.

hemispheric– Processed to Level 1B and re-broadcast to users via the

GRB link• Diagnostic telemetry will be available via a new

higher data rate telemetry link (32 Kbps)– “CDA” telemetry downlink changes from 1694.0 MHz to

1696.3 MHz• The Multi-use Data Link (MDL) is eliminated for

GOES-R Series

Other Changes of Potential Interest

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• System requirements, communications requirements, and the Ground Segment architecture have been defined for the entire system, including Direct Readout Services

• Detailed definition of communication link characteristics have not yet been fully finalized and will be refined through the Spacecraft and Ground Segment contract design processes … However the GOES-R baseline is:– GRB will replace all current forms of instrument data broadcast:

• Full resolution• Geo-located• Calibrated• In essentially real-time

– EMWIN and LRIT will be combined and enhanced to a higher data rate on a new downlink frequency – HRIT/EMWIN

– DCS will remain largely the same, however DCPR downlink in L-Band will have a frequency shift

– SARSAT will be essentially unchanged

Summary

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• Documentation for the Direct Readout User community will be produced by the GOES-R Ground System contractor as CDRLs.– Of particular note, the GS Contractor (Harris Corporation)

will be developing a Product User's Guide (PUG) that will include a section on building a GRB receive system

Summary (Continued)

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Back-up

GOES N/O/P Frequency Plan

1675 1680 1685 1690 1695 1700 22101545 1670

Radiosondes use1675 to 1683 MHz

PDRBPSK

1685.7 MHz

EMWINQPSK

1692.7 MHzLRITBPSK

1691.0 MHz

DCPRFDM/8PSK1694.5 MHz1694.8 MHz

CDA TelemBi-Φ

1694.0 MHz

DOWNLINKS

UPLINKS

SARFDM

1544.550 MHz

DSN TelemBPSK/PM

2209.086 MHz

470

DCPIBPSK

468.825 MHzand ± 12.5 kHz

405 2025 2030 2035400

LRITBPSK

2033.0 MHz

CommandBPSK

2034.2 MHzDCPIBPSK

2034.8875 MHz2034.9000 MHz2034.9125 MHz

DCPRFDM/8PSK401.9 MHz402.2 MHz

SARFDM/Bi-Φ

406.05 MHz406.025 MHz

PDR2.11 Mbps

2027.7 MHz

EMWINQPSK

2034.7 MHz

MDLQPSK

1681.478 MHz

SDUQPSK

1676.0 MHz

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