goat ventilation wisline - division of extension...dairy goat comdairy goat com provide a safe...
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VentilationVentilationfofo
Goat CoGoat CoGoat CoGoat CoDavid W. K
Biological SystemBiological SystemUW Mad
n Designn DesignororomfortomfortomfortomfortKammelms Engineeringms Engineeringdison
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Dairy Goat ComDairy Goat ComDairy Goat ComDairy Goat ComProvide a safe comfoProvide a safe, comfo
environment– Space to rest and walSpace to rest and wal– Clean & dry resting s– Fresh Air (Ventilation)
D f f– Draft free (Ventilation)– Adequate feed and w
Exercise (Activity)– Exercise (Activity)– Manage temperature
• 50-60 oF Adults, 0-55 50 60 du ts, 0 55• 54-65 oF Kids
mfortmfortmfortmfortortable & healthyortable, & healthy
lklkspace))ater
extremesoF no production affectso p oduct o a ects
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Dairy Goat ManDairy Goat ManDairy Goat ManDairy Goat Man
Milking Does Dry Doesy Bucks New born Kids New born Kids Growing Kids Males Females
nagement Groupsnagement Groupsnagement Groupsnagement Groups
ss
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Movable ShelterMovable ShelterOptionsOptionsOptionsOptions
Poly DomesPoly DomesCalf HutchesCalf HutchesQuonset HutsQuonset HutsPortaPorta HutsHutsPortaPorta HutsHuts
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Permanent ShelterPermanent ShelterOptionsOptions
SSHoop ShelterHoop ShelterGreenhouse ShelterGreenhouse ShelterPost Frame BuildingPost Frame BuildingggRemodeled BarnsRemodeled Barns
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Ventilation Ventilation (1 of (1 of ((“Inadequate ventilation is t“Inadequate ventilation is t
in in barns”barns”
Provide air exchangeR i tRemove moistureReduce concentration
of airborne pathogensof airborne pathogensRemove noxious gaseD ft t tiDraft protectionReduce condensation
7)7)))the most common mistake the most common mistake made made
Condensation
ns
Fresh Air
ses Moisture
Pathogensi
nAmmoniaH2S(Odor)
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VentilationVentilation (2 of(2 of 77Ventilation Ventilation (2 of (2 of 77“Natural Motive “Natural Motive Forces”Forces”
Wi dWi d WindWind W
Thermal BuoyancyThermal Buoyancy“Stack Effect”“Stack Effect”
7)7)7)7)
Wind
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Ventilation Ventilation (3 of (3 of 77
“Natural Motive “Natural Motive Forces ”Forces ”
Wi dWi d WindWind
Thermal BuoyancyThermal Buoyancy“Stack Effect”“Stack Effect”–– temperature differencetemperature difference
between inside and outsidebetween inside and outside
7)7)
30 oF
20 oF
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VentilationVentilation (4(4 ofof 77Ventilation Ventilation (4 (4 of of 77“Natural Ventilation Season“Natural Ventilation Season
SS R h tR h t Summer Summer -- Remove heatRemove heat–– Open sidewallsOpen sidewalls–– Open DoorsOpen Doors
Winter Winter -- Remove moistureRemove moisture
W
7)7)7)7)nal nal design”design”
ee
Wind
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VentilationVentilation (5(5 ofof 77Ventilation Ventilation (5 (5 of of 77“Natural Ventilation Season“Natural Ventilation Season
SS R h tR h t Summer Summer -- Remove heatRemove heat
Wi tWi t R i tR i t Winter Winter -- Remove moistureRemove moisture–– Air movement up highAir movement up high–– minimize minimize draftdraft W
7)7)7)7)nal nal Design”Design”
Moisture
ee
Wind
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VentilationVentilation (6(6 ofof 77Ventilation Ventilation (6 (6 of of 77“Mechanical Ventilation Mo“Mechanical Ventilation Mo
M h i l N tiM h i l N ti Mechanical Negative Mechanical Negative PressurePressure–– Tight constructionTight constructiongg
7)7)7)7)otive otive Forces”Forces”
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VentilationVentilation (7(7 ofof 77Ventilation Ventilation (7 (7 of of 77“Mechanical Ventilation Mo“Mechanical Ventilation Mo
M h i l P itiM h i l P iti Mechanical Positive Mechanical Positive PressurePressure–– Open doors or constructionOpen doors or construction
7)7)7)7)otive otive Forces”Forces”
nn
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Choosing Type Of VBarHa
Ceili
No
BarnObstructed from
Wind?
YesNo
Natural VentilationNatural Ventilation
Mechanical Ventilation –Positive Pressure
Ventilation rn
as ing?
Yes
CeilingCan be
Removed?
YesRemoved?
No
TightNo
No
Construction?
YesMechanical Ventilation –Negative Pressure
–
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Natural VentilatioNatural VentilatioNatural VentilatioNatural Ventilatio
WinterWinter–– 2” ridge out2” ridge out
building widbuilding widbuilding widbuilding wid–– 1” eave ope1” eave ope
10’ building10’ building10 building 10 building SummerSummer
–– Open doorsOpen doorsOpen doorsOpen doorssidewallssidewalls 5050
on Designon Designon Designon Design
tlet /10’ tlet /10’ dthdthdthdthening/ ening/
widthwidthwidthwidth
oror or or 0%0%
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Mechanical VenMechanical VenMechanical VenMechanical Ven
WinterWinter–– 4 air chang4 air chang–– 20 20 cfmcfm per per
SummerSummer–– 30 air chan30 air chan–– 150150--200 200 cfcf
Draft freeDraft free–– Adults < Adults < 1010–– Kids < Kids < 50 f50 f
tilation Ratestilation Ratestilation Ratestilation Rates
ges per hour orges per hour oradult goatadult goat
nges per hour ornges per hour orfmfm per adult goatper adult goat
00 fpm00 fpmfpmfpmpp
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Mechanical Mechanical VenVenNegative Pressure DeNegative Pressure De
Fans in side allFans in side wall– creates negative press
Designed inletsDesigned inlets– distribute air without d
ControlsControls
ntilationntilationesignesign
ure
raft
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Mechanical Mechanical VenVenPositive Pressure DesPositive Pressure Des
Fans in side wall– creates positive press
di t ib t i ith t d– distribute air without dOutlets
Open windows– Open windows– Doors for animal acces
ControlsControls
ntilationntilationsignsign
ured ftdraft
ss
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Mechanical VentilatioMechanical VentilatioPositive Pressure DesPositive Pressure Des
Truss
3.0
m
E xtend partitonto preventcalf to calf conta
S pace betw een w alland pen backfor air flow
2.7
m
S olid partition
H oleP osition
0 3 m 2 4 m 0 3 m 2 7 m
P en front
calf to calf conta
C ompacted gravel
0.3
m
S olid partitionbetw een calves
C oncrete alle
9.0 m
0.3 m 2.4 m 0.3 m 2.7 m
onon
15 cm ridge
signsign5 c dge
outlet minimum
8 cm eave inletminimum
P olyethyleneV entilation D uct
0.8 m 2 7 m curtain
Open panelback
ct 1.2 m x 2.4 m
2.7 m curtainOptional tw opiece curtain
n
1.2
m
0 3 m 2 4 m
ct
0 3 m
1.2 m x 2.4 mpen space
ey 15 cm deep bedding
0.3 m 2.4 m 0.3 m
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Polyethylene Duct Polyethylene Duct
DuctDiameter
DuDiametercm (inches) 2 m/s (400 fpm) 4 m
Air flowl/s (cfm)
NumberCalves
Air Flowl/s (cfm)
Duct AirDuct Air
15 (6) 37 (79) 5 74 (157)
20 (8) 66 (140) 9 132 (279)
25 (10) 103 (218) 15 206 (436)
30 (12) 148 (314) 21 296 (628)
40 (16) 263 (559) 37 527 (1117
45 (18) 333 (707) 47 667 (141445 (18) 333 (707) 47 667 (1414
50 (20) 412 (873)58
823 (1745
60 (24) 593 (1257)84
1186 (251
75 (30) 926 (1963)131
1852 (392
m/s = meter per second, fpm = feet per minute, l/s = liter per second, cfNumber Calves based on 7 l/s (15 cfm) per calf.
Air Flow CapacityAir Flow Capacity
uct Velocity
/s (800 fpm) 5 m/s (1000 fpm)
NumberCalves
Air Flowl/s (cfm) Number
Calves
r Flow Capacityr Flow Capacity
10 93 (196) 13
19 165 (349) 23
29 257 (545) 36
42 370 (785) 52
) 74 659 (1396) 93
4) 94 834 (1767) 1184) 94 834 (1767) 118
5)116
1029 (2182)145
3)168
1482 (3142)209
27)262
2315 (4909)327
fm = cubic feet per minute,
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Outlet Hole Air FlowOutlet Hole Air Flow
HoleDiameter 3 / (600 f )3 m/s (600 fpm)
mm (inches)
l/s (cfm) l/( )
12 (0.5) 0.4 (1) 0
25 (1.0) 1.5 (3) 225 (1.0) 1.5 (3) 2
38 (1.5) 3.4 (7) 4
50 (2 0) 6 1 (13) 850 (2.0) 6.1 (13) 8
63 (2.5) 9.6 (20) 1
75 (3 0) 13 8 (29) 175 (3.0) 13.8 (29) 1
m/s = meter per second, fpm = feet per minute, l/s = liter per second
w Capacityw Capacity
Air Velocity
4 / (800 f ) 5 / (1000 f )4 m/s (800 fpm) 5 m/s (1000 fpm)
Hole Air Flow Capacity
/s (cfm) l/s (cfm)
0.5 (1) 0.6 (1)
2.0 (4) 2.5 (5)2.0 (4) 2.5 (5)
4.6 (10) 5.7 (12)
8 2 (17) 10 2 (22)8.2 (17) 10.2 (22)
2.7 (27) 15.9 (34)
8 4 (39) 22 9 (49)8.4 (39) 22.9 (49)
d, cfm = cubic feet per minute
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Throw Distance to sThrow Distance to s
3 m/s (600 fpm) 4
Hole diameter
25mm 1 inch
50mm 2 inch
75mm 3 inch
25in
Throw distance to still air
1.1 m 3.4 ft
2.1 m 6.9 ft
3.2 m 10.3 ft
1.4.
still air
m/s = meter per second, fpm = feet per minute
still airstill air
Air Velocity
m/s (800 fpm) 5 m/s (1000 fpm)
5mm 1 nch
50mm 2 inch
75mm 3 inch
25mm 1 inch
50mm 2 inch
75mm 3 inch
.4 m
.6 ft2.8 m 9.2 ft
4.2 m 13.7 ft
1.8 m 5.7 ft
3.5 m 11.5 ft
5.3 m 7 ft
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Throw Distance to sThrow Distance to s
Duct
Hole Velocity
Duct
22 Degree spreaof air stream25 mm hole diameter
1.4 m throw
50 mm hole diameter2 8 th
1 inch hole diameter4.6 foot throw
2.8 m throw
75 mm hole diameter4.2 m throw
2 inch hole diameter9.2 foot throw
3 inch hole diameter13.7 foot throw
still airstill air
4 m/s (800 fpm)
ad
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Positive Pressure WinterPositive Pressure WinterNegative Pressure SprinNegative Pressure Spring pg p
rrg Summerg Summergg
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Positive Pressure WinterPositive Pressure Winterrr
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Positive Pressure WinterPositive Pressure Winterrr
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Positive Pressure WinterPositive Pressure Winterr Summerr Summer
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Questions?