Goat value chains in Yabelo district of Borana zone, Ethiopia: Results of a rapid

value chain assessment

Nizam HusenMulti-stakeholder Workshop for Targeting Action Research on

Lowland Sheep and Goat Value Chains in Ethiopia

Debre Zeit 1-2April 2013

Yabello found in Borana zone of southern Oromia The districts has 13 PAs and 2 urban kebeles Bimodal rainfall pattern main rain season

(March-May) and short rain season(Sept-Nov)Total population of the district is 96,862

(40,502 female and 56360 male)Study Kebeles: Dharito and Elwoye

It is located 567km from Addis Ababa, in the southern direction parts of Oromia with altitude of 1600m asl

1. IntroductionDescription of the study area

April 12, 2023 2Validation worshop-Bishuftu

FGD was made with group of pastoralists composed of men, women, community leaders and youth

Big and small traders, collectors, livestock transporters, experts and extension agents were interviewed

Hotel managers, butchers were also contacted Observations were made to understand the nature of

goat marketing in major livestock markets (Haro Bake and Yabello )

secondary data were reviewed (literature review)

2. Methodology

April 12, 2023 3Validation worshop-Bishuftu

Supply of:

Breeding stock

Veterinary services

Credit service

Feed (some times)

Feeding

Herding

Housing

Breeding

Transporting

Selling

Buying

Collection

Slaughtering

Frying / cooking

Meat retailing

Making wosla

Consumption

3. ResultMapping of Goat VC in the study area

Input supply

Production

marketing Processing

Consumptio

n

Core functio

n

Activities

Actors

• pastoralists, YPDARC

• GO’s & NGOs, private clinics

Pastoralists

Pastoralists, traders, brokers

Hotels, butchers

Consumers

Sources of breeding stock:◦Pastoralists within the area, ◦Adjacent markets◦Yabello Research Center◦GOs and NGOs for restocking(after drought)

◦Busa Gonofa systemFeed supply Supplementation of mineral salt (megado

and dilo) supplementary feeds is not targeting goats supply of forage seeds is not practiced

A. Input Supply

April 12, 2023 5Validation worshop-Bishuftu

Goat health services provided by:public veterinary clinicscommunity animal health workersprivate veterinary clinics private pharmacies Informal veterinary drug sellers for common diseases (CCPP, PPR, Goat Pox, trypanosomiasis, Ticks, Lice,Mengmites, Hemoncus)

Veterinary Services

April 12, 2023 6Validation worshop-Bishuftu

Credit sources: Oromia credit and saving institution

-group collateral Household asset building own credit and saving cooperative

-usually they face shortage of capital to address

the credit needs of their members

7

Credit Services

Breeding

• Three types of local goat breeds: Borana, Konso and Guji are available

Introduction of 50%(100% Boer x100% Borana goat) cross bucks by YPDARC recently

There is a general shortage of breeding bucks The community is not selecting bucks for their flock No controlled mating No awareness about inbreeding and its

consequences One buck can serve up to 3-4 years No record keeping about the flock

B. Production

browses of bushes Pastoralists do not have the culture of collecting and preserving neither the naturally grown feeds nor growing forages

During dry seasons they migrate long distance to search water and feed

during dry season acacia pods and leaves are provided if it is available

Feeding

seasonal distribution of feed resource relative to rain fall pattern

Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec0

20

40

60

80

100

0

1

2

3

4

5

0 0 0

24

42

30

0 0 0

18

8

20

0 0 0

36

18

30

0 0 0

42

32

20

Browsing Grazing Rainfall (score 0-5)

Feed A

vailabilit

y (

%)

Rain

fall S

core

(0-5

)

Goats are kept in fences that do not have roofing Pastoralists build separate kids houses known as

‘Dhokoba’ some time goats are kept with HH members if

their flock structure is 2-5 The barns/houses are cleaned daily by women

and children

Housing

• The Borana Pastoralists produce goat milk

• Goat milking is the task of women• Goat milk is usually for household

consumption• They do not sell goat milk• One goat can produce 0.33 litter of milk

per a day (on average)• mostly consumed by children less than 5

years when there is no cow milk

Milk production

Producers sell their goats to-traders, collectors, consumers, cooperatives, hotels and restaurants and other

producers. Producers can sell at the farm gate, on the road, and at the market

point

Summary of goat price at different marketing place

C. Marketing

Types of goat Farm gate On the road the market

Yearling 550 570 600

Does 750 760 800

Fattened 950 970 1000

Kids 350 370 400

Young female 500 530 550

N

o

Types of buyer Types of animals Purpose

1 Small and big traders traders Does, fattened and yearling

Reselling by value addition

2 Individual consumers Does/yearling Household consumption

3 Hotel and restaurant bucks sales

4 Pastoralist does Reproduction, slaughtering

Buyer type, types of goat and purpose

Legend =Secondary market =primary market

=tertiary market =export abattoirs =directions of market routes

Yabello

Haro-Bake

Surupa

Finfinne

Adama

Dubluk

Mega

Moyale

Kenya

Negelle

Cheri

Elweye

Teltele

Konso

Export Abattoirs

35% 40%

45%

25%%

25%

45%

75%

75%

20%

55%

5%

65%

A76

N 3

5%

85%

350%%

50%%

25%

45%

25%

5%

Marketing routes

Export abattoirs

Land tenure (access to land)

Security Rules and regulations Enabling

environments

Hotels

Butchers

Individual consumers

Pastoralists (breeding purposes)

Foreign consumers

(export market)

Collectors

Small traders

Big traders

Super markets

Goat producers (Pastoralists)

Marketing

Production

Input supply

Processing

Consumption

Veterinaryservices(pri

vate andpublic)

Extension services

Technology - forage seeds (MoA) - breeds supply

Credit services

Climatic conditions

Live export

Channel 1:producres Collectors Small traders big traders

export abattoir

Channel 2:producres Collectors Small traders big

traders live export

Channel 3:producres small traders big traders export

abattoir

 

The main channels

Channel 4:producres small traders big traders live export

Channel 5:producres big traders export abattoir

Channel 6:producres big traders live export

The main channels …

processing is mainly carried out by hotels and butchers for local consumption and export abattoirs for foreign markets and super market

D. Processing

Hotels and butcheries slaughter goat mainly to prepare different dishes and to retail raw meat on kilogram basis

Consumption could be by individual households, hotel customers and foreign consumers

E. Consumption

Constraints at input supply and production level

Non market oriented production Lack of feed conservation practices Shortage of breeding bucks No selection of bucks Lack of awareness about the negative impacts of

inbreeding Shortage of vaccines for CCPP, PPR, Sheep and Goat

Poxes High incidence of disease and parasites (CCPP, PPR,

Goat Pox, Senorosis, trypanosomiasis, Ticks, Lice, Mengmites, Hemoncus, )

Constraint and Opportunities along the VCA

Lack of formal market information Long distance of the market from production Seasonality of supply of goat No standard method of selling and buying (both

weighing scale and visual estimation used) High transportation and broker cost per animals Resource based Ethnic group conflict disrupts

the market Shortage of supply of export quality goat to the

market

Constraints at the market level

Borana has great potential for goat production

The core functions, activities and actors in the VC were identified

The major marketing channels were identified

The major constraints and opportunities along the value chain were investigated

Necessary intervention is required

Conclusion