Goal Setting

Objectives:

You will be able to identify how goals motivate people.

You will be able to identify goals for tutoring. You will be able to devise an implementation

plan.

How do Goals motivate?

Setting goals motivates: Clarifies expectations

You know what to do and when to do it You know what effort is needed Encourages persistence Improves the belief you can accomplish

the task: Self-efficacy

(Bandura, 1997 & Schunk, 1995)

Goals Must Be SMART

Specific

Measurable

Achievable

Realistic

Tangible/Timely

(http://www.topachievement.com/smart.html)

Goals must also be:

Accepted Participation Committed

Results Oriented Time Oriented

(Schunk, 1995; Locke & Latham, 1990)

Goals

Short term goals are more effective Achieved more quickly Have higher motivation (Bandura, 1997)

Long term goals require

breaking down into steps (Schunk, 1995)

Setting Goals Activity

Five Goals for your Tutoring Lab Three Goals for this Year Two Goals for this Semester

Goals Require:

Planning Setting a goal Deciding on strategies

Performance evaluation Monitor ourselves

Self-reflection Evaluate our progress Adjust our goals and strategies

Case Studies

Weldon & Yun (2000)

Setting of goals on the quality (accuracy) of written reports by nurse evaluators of nursing homes and homes for the developmentally disabled Setting goals was related to:

Developing of strategies to improve job performance

Improvement of job performance

Case Studies

Gibson (2001)Nursing teams in midsize hospitals (50-100 beds) in general inpatient, emergency and obstetrics/maternity wards. Individual nurses who had goal setting training

and also had high confidence gave higher quality of care.

Goal setting training increased nurses’ confidence

Goal setting training increased team confidence which improved quality of care

Implementation Plan:How to get to your Goal

An implementation plan facilitates attaining your goal: First: Choose one goal Second: Plan how to attain the goal:

When: How to get started-Day & time Where: Place What: Strategies-What I will do How:

How to persist in spite of difficulties How to resume when disrupted How long to act on the goal

Goals Activity

Implementation Plan

References

Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy. Harvard Mental Health Letter, Mar97, Vol. 13 Issue 9, p4, 3p.

Locke, E. & Latham, G. (1990). A theory of goal setting and task performance. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.

Locke, E. & Latham, G. (1984). Goal-setting: A Motivational Technique that works! Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.

Schunk, D. (1995). Inherent details of self-regulated learning include student perceptions. Educational Psychologist, Fall95, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p213, 4p.

What are my Learning Strengths? Retrieved on January 18, 2008 from: http://www.ldrc.ca/projects/miinventory/mitest.html.

West Chester University (n.d.). Learning Styles Inventory. Retrieved on January 18, 2008 from: http://www.wcupa.edu/ussss/larc/modality.asp