gnu linux begginer
TRANSCRIPT
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Freedom Unplugged GNU/Linux Operating System
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Topics::
Part I - ConceptHistory ::The GNU Project, The Linux Kernel
and Open Source Initiative
Philosophy Behind Free SoftwareAdvantages ::Technical and EconomicalHelp and Support :: CommunityFree Software Alternatives
Part II Hands OnInstalling Ubuntu 8.04The Linux File System
Installing Additional Software ::Repository, InternetOpenOffice ::Writer, Spreadsheet, PresentationUsing Brasero, K3BMounting Drives :: USB Mass Storage Devices
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Copyright (C) 2008 Anoop JohnPermission is granted to copy, distributeand/or modify this document under the
terms of the GNU Free DocumentationLicense, Version 1.2 or any later versionpublished by the Free SoftwareFoundation; with no Invariant Sections, noFront-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover
Texts. A copy of the license is included inthe section entitled "GNU FreeDocumentation License".
License:
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Part I - Concept
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General OperatingSystems
Windows Linux Mac OS X
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Some Unix OperatingSystems
BSDLINUX
UNIX
SunOS
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History ::The GNU Project
Richard Matthew Stallman
An American software freedom activist, hacker(programmer) and software developer
Launched the GNU Project In September 1983
Idea was to create a free Unix-like operatingsystem
Started the free software movement
In October 1985, setup the Free SoftwareFoundation.
The concept of Copyleft.
Richard Stallman (RMS)
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History :: The Linux Kernel
Linus Trovalds
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History :: The Open Source Initiative(OSI)
Bruce Perens
Eric Raymond
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Philosophy Behind Free Software
Free as in freedom, not
as in free beer
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Definition of Free Software
Freedom 0 ::The freedom to run the program, for anypurpose.
Freedom 1 ::The freedom to study how the program
works, and adapt it to your needs .(Access to the source code
is a precondition for this.) Freedom 2 ::The freedom to redistribute copies so you
can help your neighbor. Freedom 3 ::The freedom to improve the program,
and release your improvements to the public, so that the
whole community benefits.(Access to the source code is aprecondition for this.)
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Technical and EconomicalAdvantages of Free Software
Technical 100% free from Virus
Faster bug fixing
Economical Start from Zero Investment
Calculate the cost of software in 1000 computers
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Distributions
Debian Ubuntu IT@School
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Fedora CentOS Mandriva
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Linux in Consumer Electronicdevices
Motorola mobile, generally based onMontaVista Linux, include the RAZR V8,Motorola RAZR V8, ROKR E2, ROKR E6,A780, E680, A910, A1200
Nokia's N810 N800
Panasonic P901i Philips LPC3180
Motorola RAZR2,uses embedded Linux
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Part II Hands On
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Installing Ubuntu 8.04
Minimum Requirements
At least 256 MB of RAM is required to run the alternate install CD
384MB of RAM is required to use the live CD based installer.
Install requires at least 4GB of Hard disk space.
Request a CDhttps://shipit.ubuntu.com/
https://shipit.ubuntu.com/https://shipit.ubuntu.com/ -
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X Window System Desktop Environment
Desktop environment is a collection of software designed to give
functionality and a certain look and feel to an operatingsystem.
DEs usually provide utilities to set wallpapers and screensavers,display icons on the desktop, and perform some administrativetasks. They may optionally include word processors, CD/DVD
writingapplications, web browsers and e-mail clients.
The fundamental part of a Desktop environment are 1. Window Manager
It manages the various application windows, keeping track of
which ones are open and providing features to switch betweenthem.
2. File Manager It provides file operations like viewing, copying or moving,
changing permissions and deleting.
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Most PopularDesktop Environments
KDE K Desktop
Environment
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Most PopularDesktop Environments
GNOME GNU Network
Object ModelEnvironment
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Comparison of GNOME and KDE
~210 MB~180 MB
Size (basesystem, Xinstalled)
QtGTK+ and GTK2+Toolkit used
KDELibsGNOMEAdditional library
dependencies
Mainly C++, as Qt is written
in C++
Mainly C, as GTK+ is written
in C
Programming
language
Creating an attractive desktop environment using outstandinggraphical design that can be used by everyone
Main objective
KDEGNOME
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Default Programs of DesktopEnvironments
OkularEvincePDF viewer
ArkFile RollerArchive manager
KopeteEmpathyInstant messenger
KontactNovell EvolutionContacts
KmailNovell EvolutionE-mail client
KonquerorEpiphanyWeb browser
KOfficeGNOME OfficeOffice suite
GwenviewEye of GNOMEImage viewer
KAudioCreatorSound JuicerCD ripper
K3bBraseroCD burners
JuKRhythmboxAudio player
Dragon PlayerTotemVideo player
KategeditText editor
KonsoleGNOME TerminalTerminal emulator
QtGTK+Widget toolkit
Konqueror/Dolphin (KDE4)NautilusFile manager
KDMGDMX display manager
KWinMetacityX window manager
KDEGNOME
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okularhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evincehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ark_%28computing%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_Rollerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_archiverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopetehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empathy_%28software%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instant_messengerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontacthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novell_Evolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contactshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kmailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novell_Evolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-mail_clienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konquerorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphany_%28web_browser%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KOfficehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Officehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_suitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwenviewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_of_GNOMEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_viewerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=KAudioCreator&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_Juicerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD_ripperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K3bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brasero_%28software%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_disc_authoring_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JuKhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhythmboxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_player_%28software%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragon_Playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totem_%28media_player%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_player_%28software%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kate_%28text_editor%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gedithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_editorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Terminalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_emulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_%28toolkit%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GTK%2Bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widget_toolkithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konquerorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolphin_%28software%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nautilus_%28file_manager%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KDE_Display_Managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_display_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KWinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metacityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_window_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_window_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metacityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KWinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_display_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KDE_Display_Managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nautilus_%28file_manager%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolphin_%28software%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konquerorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widget_toolkithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GTK%2Bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_%28toolkit%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_emulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Terminalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_editorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gedithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kate_%28text_editor%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_player_%28software%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totem_%28media_player%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragon_Playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_player_%28software%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhythmboxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JuKhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_disc_authoring_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brasero_%28software%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K3bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD_ripperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_Juicerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=KAudioCreator&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_viewerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_of_GNOMEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwenviewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_suitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Officehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KOfficehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphany_%28web_browser%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konquerorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-mail_clienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novell_Evolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kmailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contactshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novell_Evolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontacthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instant_messengerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empathy_%28software%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopetehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_archiverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_Rollerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ark_%28computing%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evincehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okular -
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The Linux FileSystem
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Standard mount point for external file systems, e.g. a CD-ROM or adigital camera.
/mnt
For miscellaneous purposes./misc
Every partition has a lost+found in its upper directory. Files thatwere saved during failures are here.
/lost+found
Library files, includes files for all kinds of programs needed by thesystem and the users.
/lib
(on some distributions) Information for booting. Do not remove!/initrd
Home directories of the common users./home
Most important system configuration files are in /etc, this directory
contains data similar to those in the Control Panel in Windows
/etc
Contains references to all the CPU peripheral hardware, which arerepresented as files with special properties.
/dev
The startup files and the kernel, vmlinuz. In some recent
distributions also grub data. Grub is the GRand Unified Bootloader and is an attempt to get rid of the many different boot-loaders we know today.
/boot
Common programs, shared by the system, the system administratorand the users.
/bin
ContentDirectory
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Storage for all variable files and temporary files created byusers, such as log files, the mail queue, the print spooler area,
space for temporary storage of files downloaded from theInternet or to kee an ima e of a CD before burnin it.
/var
Programs, libraries, documentation etc. for all user-relatedprograms.
/usr
Temporary space for use by the system, cleaned upon reboot,
so don't use this for saving any work!/tmp
Programs for use by the system and the system administrator./sbin
The administrative user's home directory. Mind the differencebetween /, the root directory and /root, the home directory ofthe rootuser.
/root
A virtual file system containing information about systemresources. More information about the meaning of the files inproc is obtained by entering the command man proc in aterminal window. The file proc.txt discusses the virtual filesystem in detail.
/proc
Typically contains extra and third party software./opt
Content
Standard mount point for entire remote file systems
Directory
/net
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Installing Additional Software
By adding Repository DVDs
From Internet
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OpenOffice
How to create a document How to save and retrieve data compatible
to Microsoft Office.
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Using Brasero, K3B
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Mounting Drives :: USB Mass StorageDevices
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