Globalization I

Review Questions Geo-Economy

The State Global Culture

Homogenization Hybridizaton

Globalization Since 1492Globalization Since 1492

Long-term processLong-term process InternationalizingInternationalizing

Extension of economic activities across Extension of economic activities across boundaries – quantitative change processboundaries – quantitative change process

Shallow integration of tradeShallow integration of trade GlobalizingGlobalizing

Functional integration of internationally Functional integration of internationally dispersed activitiesdispersed activities

Deep integration of investment and contractual Deep integration of investment and contractual obligationsobligations

What is Happening to the What is Happening to the State?State?

Relevance and power of the state is Relevance and power of the state is challenged by:challenged by: TransnationalsTransnationals Regional and international trading blocsRegional and international trading blocs International bodies of jurisdiction (e.g.OECD)International bodies of jurisdiction (e.g.OECD) Non governmental organizations (NGOs)Non governmental organizations (NGOs)

NGOs - non profit organizationsNGOs - non profit organizations Political or social goalsPolitical or social goals State of the natural State of the natural environmentenvironment, , Observance of Observance of human rightshuman rights, , Welfare of the disadvantagedWelfare of the disadvantaged Corporate interestsCorporate interests

NGOs vary in their methods. NGOs vary in their methods. LobbyistsLobbyists ProgramsPrograms

What What wouldwould replace the replace the state?state?

One world government?One world government? New World Order – conspiracy theoryNew World Order – conspiracy theory

Post cold war US hegemonyPost cold war US hegemony Global government by big businessGlobal government by big business

Subordinating human rights to market Subordinating human rights to market imperatives: International trade & investmentimperatives: International trade & investment

Global BalkanizationGlobal Balkanization Tribal anarchyTribal anarchy

Global BosniaGlobal Bosnia Commercial homogeneityCommercial homogeneity

McWorld/ExxonMcWorld/Exxon

Global Global Culture:HomogenizationCulture:Homogenization

Disappearance of local culturesDisappearance of local cultures Westernization of culture driven by Westernization of culture driven by

mediamedia Destruction of the local and Destruction of the local and

authenticauthentic Single commodity/single identity Single commodity/single identity

worldworld

Global Culture?Global Culture?

No such thingNo such thing Identity has intense emotional tiesIdentity has intense emotional ties Cultural attachment is bound in traditionCultural attachment is bound in tradition Mass marketing & pop culture is no Mass marketing & pop culture is no

threat!threat! No common pool of memoriesNo common pool of memories No common global way of thinkingNo common global way of thinking

Global Culture:HybridizationGlobal Culture:HybridizationGlocalGlocal

Blend of foreign and local, exotic and Blend of foreign and local, exotic and indigenousindigenous Fusion cuisine, Paul Simon and Fusion cuisine, Paul Simon and

GracelandGraceland Ethnic communities and schoolsEthnic communities and schools Chop SueyChop Suey