global warming ch. 13 section 3. sunlight enters earth’s atmosphere earth’s surface radiates...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Global Warming
Ch. 13 Section 3
![Page 2: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere• Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the
atmosphere– Some heat escapes– Some heat is trapped by Greenhouse Gases
• Ex: water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide
• Trapped heat radiated back to Earth’s surface, warming the air.
• Without this Earth would be too cold to live on• However, too many greenhouse gases can trap
too much heat.
Greenhouse Effect
![Page 3: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Greenhouse Effect
![Page 4: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Greenhouse Effect
![Page 5: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Greenhouse Gases - gases that absorb and radiate heat
• Water vapor• Carbon Dioxide • CFC’s• Methane• Nitrous oxide
• Water vapor and CO2 absorb the most heat in the atmosphere
![Page 6: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
CO2
• Most is absorbed by the ocean or used by plants during Photosynthesis
• Therefore, CO2 levels fluctuate with the season– Summer = less CO2 ----------------------------------------------
– Winter = more CO2 ------------------------------------------------
• WHY???
![Page 7: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
CO2 Levels
There has been a significant rise in CO2 in the atmosphere in the last 50 years due to burning fossil fuels
![Page 8: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Ice Core Samples
• Can determine the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere thousands of years ago
![Page 9: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
CO2 and Temperature
• Because CO2 holds more heat than other gases in the atmosphere, scientists think that more CO2 means greater global temperatures
• Therefore…• Burning = more CO2 = Higher temps.
![Page 10: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Temp. and CO2 Levels
![Page 12: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
srgsgsfgfsg
![Page 13: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Consequences of Global Warming• Birds nesting earlier• Flowering earlier – more allergies• Change weather patters– Droughts and flooding– More hurricanes and typhoons
• Rising sea level– Flooding of coastal areas– Erosion of beaches– Increase in salinity in aquifers
• More mosquitoes that carry diseases
![Page 15: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• Agriculture– Most severely effected– Decreased crop yield– Could need more irrigation
• Animals– Shift their geographical range– Reduce the number of zooplankton
Consequences of Global Warming
![Page 16: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
IPCC
• International Panel on Climate Change– Average global temp. increased by 0.6oC last century– Snow cover and ice have decreased– Global sea level has risen
![Page 17: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Kyoto Protocol
• 1997, 160 countries
• Requires countries to reduce CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions by 5% by 2012
• We did sign, then Bush unsigned us
![Page 18: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Ch. 13
![Page 19: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Section 1 Objectives
• Explain the difference between weather and climate.
• Identify four factors that determine climate.• Explain why different parts of the Earth have
different climates.• Explain what causes the seasons
![Page 20: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Weather vs. Climate
• Weather – what is happening right at that moment– It is cloudy and raining outside
• Climate – the average weather over a long period of time– We live in a hot, dry area
![Page 21: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Latitude- distance north or south from the equator
• Determines what type of climate an area has
• The further from the equator the ________ the temperature.
![Page 22: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Latitude
• Daylight hours depend on your latitude– Equator = 12 day and 12 night– Close to the poles = all day or all night part of the year
![Page 23: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Atmospheric Circulation
• Warm air rises• Cold air sinks• Warm air hold more water vapor• When it cools the water vapor condenses into
precipitation
![Page 24: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
El Nino
• When warm and cold water masses change location in the Pacific Ocean for a short time
• Causes increased rainfall in the southern US, but causes droughts in Indonesia and Australia
• La Nina – exact opposite• Pacific Decadal Oscillation – a long term El Nino
![Page 25: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Topography influences on climate
• Topography is the shape of the earth’s surface
• As elevation increases temperature drops
![Page 26: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Solar Maximum and Volcanoes
• Solar Maximum – sun emits more ultraviolet radiation, warming the earth
• Vocanoes – dust and such can block out some of the sun cooling the earth
![Page 27: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Seasonal Climate Change
• Seasons change due to the tilting of earth as it goes around the sun.
![Page 28: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Section 2 Objectives
• Explain why Earth’s atmosphere is like the glass in a greenhouse.
• Explain why carbon dioxide in the atmosphere appears to be increasing.
• Explain why many scientists think that the Earth’s climate may be becoming increasingly warmer.
• Describe what a warmer Earth might be like.
![Page 29: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Ozone layer- are where ozone (three oxygen atoms) is concentrated in the
stratosphere
• Act like sunscreen for the earth
• Block out UV rays that harm genetic material
![Page 30: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s)
• The miracle chemical• 1970’s they were used for– Coolants– Deodarants– Hairspray, etc.
• However, at high elevations CFC’s break apart and the parts destroy and combine with ozone molecules
• 1 CFC molecule can destroy 100,000 ozone molecules
![Page 31: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
The Hole
• First reported in 1985 over the South pole– Ozone had shrunk by 50 – 98%– Why over south pole?
![Page 33: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
How it effects humans
• Worse sunburns• More eye cataracts• Immune system repression (UV-B)• More skin cancer
![Page 34: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Montreal Protocol - 1987
• Representative of 36 Nations
• Reduce CFC emissions (only) by 35% between 1989 – 2000
• Now signed by 177 countries
• Global Cooperation Does Work!!!
![Page 35: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Differences between Global Warming and Ozone depletion
• Different type of radiation:
–Infrared vs. Ultraviolet
• Different effect: –earth warming vs. health problems
![Page 36: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
• Ozone depletion does not cause global warming directly
• But, it can effect oceans uptake of CO2
Do not confuse them
![Page 37: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Skin Cancer
Let’s take a skin cancer quiz!!!
![Page 38: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Skin cancer comes in many shapes and sizes
• Things to watch for– Shiny or waxy lump– Firm red lumps– Lump that bleeds and does not heal– Itchy red spot that might be tender (not
eczema)
![Page 39: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Overt eyes if squeamish
![Page 40: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Squamous cell
• upper skin layer, caused by sunlight and tanning beds, usually curable if treated early, but it can metastasize
![Page 41: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Basal cell
• deeper layer of skin, most common form, usually caused by sun and tanning lamps,
![Page 42: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Malignant melanoma Worst kind!
• ABCDE rule – A = asymmetry – B = borders – C = color– D = diameter, over 5mm – E = elevation
![Page 43: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Risk factors
• Skin type• Sun/tanning exposure
• Freckles
• Family History
![Page 44: Global Warming Ch. 13 Section 3. Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere Earth’s surface radiates heat back to the atmosphere – Some heat escapes – Some heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649e765503460f94b77961/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
How to prevent it
• Sunscreen• Wear hats• Take vitamins (folic acid)• Eat vegetables• Drink Green Tea• Eat Fish• Eat whole grains