global position system(gps) in power system

8/12/2019 Global Position System(Gps) in Power System

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GLOBAL POSITION SYSTEM(GPS) IN

POWER SYSTEM


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INTRODUCTION .

Relays are installed at each bus bar in atransmission network.

Relay contains a fault detection system together with acommunication unit.

Relay determine the location of the fault

A new technique for the protection of transmission systems..


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What is GPS?

GPS or Global Positioning Systems is a highlysophisticated navigation system developedby the United States Department of Defense.This system utilizes satellite technology withreceivers and high accuracy clocks todetermine the position of an object.


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FAULT LOCATION USING GPS

Global Positioning System (GPS)is a satellite-based navigationsystem made up of a network of24 satellites placed into orbit.

Originally intended for militaryapplications

Allows precise determination oflocation, velocity, direction andtime.


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LOCATION OF FAULT

Save time and resources for the electric utilityindustry.

Determine distance to fault from a transmissionline end.

Aid in fast restoration of power.

Communication systems can retrieve faultlocation information.


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WHAT IS TRAVELING WAVE FAULTLOCATION?

Faults on the powertransmission system causetransients that propagatealong the transmission lineas waves.These waves have a propagation velocity &characteristic impedance ,travel from fault locationtowards line ends


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The location of faults is accomplished by precisely time-tagging wave fronts as theycross a known point typically in substations atline ends.

Fault location can then be obtained bymultiplying the wave velocity by the time

difference in line ends.


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DETECTION OF FAULT POSITION

When a fault occurs on a transmissionline,wide band voltages and current

signals propagates. Therefore,a fault on a transmission line

generate TWS(Travelling waves). TWS propagates from the fault location

to the line terminals with a propogationvelocity.


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OVER VIEW OF TRAVELLINGWAVES IN TRANSMISSION LINES.

This shows transients can bemeasured inprotection relay and used to enhance its faultlocating function.

The T.WS based fault locating function in aprotective relay takes the advantage ofinternal protection elements,thecommunication channels to remote terminaland GPS based time synchronisation.


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EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT OF TWOCONDUCTOR TRANSMISSION LINES


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EQUATIONS OF VOLTAGE ANDCURRENT AT POINTS X AND X+X


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BENEFITS OF TRAVELING WAVEFAULT LOCATION

Early fault locators used radar.

Radar equipment is typically mobile or located

at substations and requires manual operation.

Traveling wave fault locators are becoming popularwhere higher accuracy is important.

GPS-based sub microsecond timing system has provenreliable in several utility traveling wave projects.


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ADVANTAGES

Protection of transmission line using GPS isextremely accurate.

Saves millions of dollars.

Fast response.

Reliability & availability.


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CONCLUSION

Uses a dedicated fault detector to extracttransient signal and GPS system to time tag these signals.

Travelling time of the transient signal from the point of fault to

the adjacent substation is used to determine the fault position.

Proposed technique is able to offer a high accuracyin fault location.

Unlike traditional protection schemes , this technique offersa new concept in network protection.

global position system(gps) in power system

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