Global Health PresentationAIDS/HIV

Allie LymanChristine Kirt

Overview

• AIDS/HIV Time line• AIDS/HIV Incidence and Prevalence today• Risk Groups• Social Stigma• Discrimination• Solutions• Is more aid the solution?• Conclusion

HIV/AIDS

• Human Immunodeficiency Virus– Destroys CD4+ Cells

• Acquired Immune deficiency Syndrome– Late state of infection

History

• 1959– First diagnosed case of AIDS

• 1978– Heterosexual and Homosexual men

• 1991– 10 Million are diagnosed with AIDS

• 1 Million in America

Why is it a problem?

• 2007– 35,962 cases of AIDS were diagnosed – 14,110 deaths were reported in the United States

• 2008– 2 million deaths worldwide

AIDS diagnoses in 2008 by race/ethnicity

Estimated adult and adolescent HIV diagnoses in 2008 by transmission route and gender

Social Stigma

• Uncontrollable Factors– Racism, homophobia, and misogyny

• Controllable Factors– Prostitution and drug use– One third of countries don’t legally protect against

AIDS discrimination– Low uptake of mother-to-child transmission

Public Health Influence

• AIDS was represented as…– Punishment, crime, war,

horror and otherness

• Grimm Reaper– http://www.youtube.co

m/watch?v=U219eUIZ7Qo&feature=player_embedded

Discrimination

• Government• Health Care• Employment• Restrictions on travel and stay• Community• Family

Government

• One third of countries don’t protect people with HIV/AIDS– Uganda military– China mandatory testing– UK prosecution

Health Care

• Lack of protective equipment• Lack of confidentiality

– 34% respondents from India, Thailand, Philippines, and Indonesia

Employment

• Termination• Refusal of employment

Restrictions on Travel and Stay

• 60 countries/territories/ areas specifically deny entry– More countries don’t specify,

but still deny

• Deportation– Where do they end up?

• Breach of confidentiality– Stamps on passports

Community

• Forced to leave home, school, job, shopping facilities– Daily habits, events and

activities change

• 79% of people in global report discrimination

Family

• Fear of loss of family and friends

• Lack of unconditional love• Discrimination against the

whole family

Solutions

Short Term• Generic versions of

antiretroviral– Kenya, South Africa,

Botswana• 2003 WHO targets low and

middle-income countries– 2003 – 40,000 people– 2005 – 1.3 million people

• Education– Public– Medical

Long Term• Universal access to AIDS

treatments– Botswana three year progress

• Eliminate discriminating policies and laws

Sooo….Is Aid The Solution?

Conclusion

• AIDS: a growing global problem• Reasons for continued spread– Stigmas– Discrimination

• Solutions• Aid is working• Large strides still need to be made

Questions?

Sources• "AIDS & HIV information from the AIDS charity

AVERT." AVERTing HIV and AIDS. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Nov. 2010. <http://www.avert.org/>.

• "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Nov. 2010. <http://www.cdc.gov/>.

• "World Health Organization." World Health Organization. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Nov. 2010. <www.who.int/en/>.