global distribution of heat
DESCRIPTION
Global distribution of heat. text. Spectra of incoming vs. outgoing radiation. text. Heat loss and gain from the oceans. text. The Modern Ocean Conveyor Belt. North Atlantic circulation. North Atlantic. Atlantic deep-water circulation. Global deep-ocean circulation. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Global distribution of heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013105/5681353a550346895d9c9ec8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Global distribution of heat
text
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Spectra of incoming vs. outgoing radiation
text
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Heat loss and gain from the oceans
text
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The Modern Ocean Conveyor Belt
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North Atlantic circulation
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NorthAtlantic
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Atlantic deep-water circulation
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Global deep-ocean circulation
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Phanerozoic glaciation
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Gondwana moves over the South Pole
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Vail – 1st & 2nd order SL cycles
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Sea level & spreading rates
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-4000 -3000 -2000 -1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000
Distance from ridge crest (kilometers)
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Dep
th (
met
ers)
0
510
2030
4050 60
10
2030
4050
60
Relation of Sea-Floor Age to Depth and Spreading Rate
Pacific
AtlanticSW
Indian
MOR
Age of crust (My)
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Cretaceous – fast spreading 6-8 cm/yr
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Modern spreading – 3-4 cm/yr
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Ocean basins and continental collision
![Page 17: Global distribution of heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013105/5681353a550346895d9c9ec8/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Fragmented continents – high SL
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Assembled continents riding high
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Global ice volume
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Vail – 1st & 2nd order SL cyclesCretaceous high
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Cretaceous 100 Ma Land & ocean
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Latitudinal heat distribution – Cretaceous
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Modern deep-water circulation
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Cretaceous deep-water circulation
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Cretaceous sources of dense water
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Mid-Cretaceous Europe
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Cretaceous warm deep water circulation
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Cretaceous warm deep water circulation
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Breaking up Pangaea
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Opening the Atlantic – Pangaea / Permian
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Opening the Atlantic – Permian
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Opening the Atlantic – Triassic
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Opening the Atlantic – Early Jurassic
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Opening the Atlantic Middle Jurassic
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Opening the Atlantic – Middle Jurassic
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Opening the Atlantic – Late Jurassic
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Opening the Atlantic – Early Cretaceous
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Opening the Atlantic Middle Cretaceous
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Opening the Atlantic – Middle Cretaceous
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Opening the Atlantic – Late Cretaceous
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Isotope record since the Late Cretaceous
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Ice volume and isotopes
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d18O of ice at poles
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Isotope record since the Late Cretaceous
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Ocean gateways – submarine plateaus
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Isolating Antarctica
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North Atlantic Iceland-FaeroeRidge
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North Atlantic features
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Caribbean Sea
Gulf of Mexico
Panama
Antilles Islands (volcanic)
Puerto Rican Trench
Amazon Cone
Caribbean Sea
Cayman Trough
![Page 50: Global distribution of heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013105/5681353a550346895d9c9ec8/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
South Atlantic
SouthAmerica
Africa
Antarctica
Walvis Ridge
Rio Grande Rise & Vema Channel
Drake Passage
![Page 51: Global distribution of heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013105/5681353a550346895d9c9ec8/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Walvis Ridge
![Page 52: Global distribution of heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013105/5681353a550346895d9c9ec8/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Patagonia & Drake Passage
Antarctic Peninsula
(1) Falkland Plateau & Islands
(2) South Sandwich Trench & Islands
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Southern Ocean
Australia
South America
South Africa
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Southern Indian Ocean
Australia
Africa
Kerguelen Plateau
Antarctica
Tasman Plateau
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Northern Indian Ocean
90 East Ridge
Chagos- Laccadive Plateau
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Australia & New Zealand
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Cenozoic – Paleocene
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Cenozoic – Eocene
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Late Cenozoic Sea level
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Cenozoic – Oligocene
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Cenozoic – Miocene
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Modern continental ice
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High topography Western North America
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Orographic effect
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India collides
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Tibetan Plateau
![Page 67: Global distribution of heat](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013105/5681353a550346895d9c9ec8/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Looking into the Himalayas
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Himalayas and monsoons
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Sediment flux to ocean basins – 40 Ma
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Strontium isotopes 400 Ma
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Closure of Panama – Pliocene
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Table SL fall 80 Ma