!glass!container!recycling! presentations/serdc summit...the!glass!container!industry!!...
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Glass Container Recycling
Lynn Bragg President
Glass Packaging Ins7tute
Glass is ENDLESSLY Recyclable
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The Glass Packaging Ins-tute (GPI) represents the North American glass container industry:
§ 8 member glass container producers § 37 associate member supplier companies
Through GPI, glass container manufacturers advocate job preserva7on and industry standards, provide consumer educa7on, and promote sound energy, environmental, and recycling policies.
www.gpi.org
Glass Packaging Ins7tute
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The Glass Container Industry § 48 glass container plants in 22 states comprise a $5.5 billion dollar
industry
§ 102 glass container furnaces produce approximately 30 billion glass food, beverage, cosme-c, spirits, wine, and beer containers annually
§ The industry employs approximately 18,000 employees na-onwide
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2011 U.S. Glass Container Shipments by Category
Source: Glass Packaging Ins3tute (GPI)
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Glass Manufacturing Process"
Limestone" Soda Ash" Sand"
Heat to 2800° F (1538 ° C)"
Recycled Glass"
Glass: Natural and Simple Recycling & Manufacturing Process
Glass Recycling Process"
Cullet"(Recycled Glass)""
Sorting"
Curbside"
Recycled Glass Processor"
Crush &"Clean""
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2010 U.S. Glass Container Recycling Rates
§ 41.4% of beer and soG drink boUles
§ 24.7% of wine and liquor boUles
§ 18.1% food and other boUles/jars
§ And 33.4% all glass containers
Source: U.S. EPA
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Figure 3. Recycling Rates of Selected Products, 2010* * Does not include combustion (with energy recovery). ** Mechanical papers include directories, newspaper inserts, and some advertisement and direct mail printing.
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Source: Daniel Imhof Paper or Plas*c, hOp://www.environmentaldefense.org/home.cfm
U.S. Packaging Industry
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§ Glass is 100% recyclable; it has an unlimited life and can be recycled endlessly
§ Over a ton of natural resources saved for every ton of glass recycled
§ Energy costs drop about 2-‐3% for every 10% recycled glass used in the manufacturing process
§ Six tons of recycled container glass used equals one ton of carbon dioxide reduced
Why Recycle Glass?
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§ Lessens greenhouse gas emissions: for every 6 tons of recycled glass used, one ton of carbon dioxide reduced
§ Minimizes consump-on of raw materials, lowering costs and extending furnace life
§ Reduces landfill dependence and helping communi7es avoid disposal costs
Why Recycle Glass?
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§ First Objective: – Preserve U.S. jobs in an “Energy Intensive,
Trade Exposed” environment: § Improve competitiveness § Reduce high energy costs § Support improved materials management models
Industry Recycling Goal: 50% Recycled Content by 2013
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§ Second Objective: – Drive industry sustainability initiatives
§ Conserve energy § Save raw materials § Reduce air emissions … including NOx, SOx, PM,
and greenhouse gases (e.g. CO2) § “Reduce/Reuse” in all aspect of plant operations …
water, cardboard, lubricants, electricity, etc.
Industry Recycling Goal: 50% Recycled Content by 2013
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§ Partnerships with stakeholders to improve glass recycling/recovery rates
§ Improved data collec7on/analysis § Effec7ve legisla7ve ini7a7ves at federal
and state levels § A single-‐stream recycling best prac7ces
“SWOT” analysis, including processing technologies
§ Expanded bar, restaurant, and hotel collec7on programs
To achieve goal must improve the quan7ty and quality of recovered recycled glass:
Achieving the Goal
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GPI 2011 Survey
Bar, Restaurant, Hotel Programs § On-‐Premise Glass Container Recycling
Programs: – In-‐depth survey of 10 bar, restaurant, hotel programs
– 8 states (CA, CO, IN, MO, NC, NV, OH, TX)
§ Background: – On average, programs in opera7on about 3 years
– Most ini7ated to handle large volume of glass containers generated
– Environmental/economic impact vs. landfilling with trash
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GPI 2011 Survey
Bar, Restaurant, Hotel Programs § Findings:
– 6 of the 10 programs collect glass through a single-‐stream system
– Average number of bars, restaurants, hotels par7cipa7ng in a program is 100 (smallest 10 and largest 330)
– Average amount of glass collected is about 105 tons/month (158.5 tons)
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GPI 2011 Survey
Bar, Restaurant, Hotel Programs
§ Economics: – On average, programs are cost neutral for par7cipa7ng businesses
– Costs, on average, for once/week collec7on is about $40 -‐ $50 per businesses
– About 50 – 75 par7cipa7ng businesses minimum needed for once/week glass collec7on route
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Kansas City, MO Glass Recycling Bar/Restaurant and Drop-‐Off Program
§ Partners: – Ripple Glass – Retailers and businesses offering drop-‐off space (Whole
Foods, Price Chopper, Hen House, sprint Nextel, Hallmark Cards, Harley Davidson Plant, community centers, etc.)
§ Program Details: – Over 80 drop-‐off loca-ons metro-‐wide (no glass
collec7on curbside) – Over 70 local bars and restaurants – Drop-‐off loca7ons have expanded to a dozen ci-es in 5
states
§ Results: – In 2011, Ripple Glass. recycled enough glass to produce
nearly 100 million Boulevard beer boOles – Markets: Owens-‐Corning; Saint-‐Gobain Containers Inc.
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Hotel Recycling Las Vegas, NV
MGM Resorts Interna-onal Glass Recycling
“Riding the Green Wave”
Collec-on: – Broke the 10 million pounds of glass
recycled mark in 2011 at 10 hotel proper7es
– Surpassed goal to recycle over 3,600 tons of glass in 2010
– 10 hotel proper7es responsibly for 21% of glass recycled in Clark County, NV
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On-‐Premise Recycling in North Carolina
§ 2008 Alcohol Beverage Control Legisla-on -‐ Requires ABC permit holders to recycle
glass and plas7c boUles and cans § Results to Date
– Total glass containers collected (tons): • 2007 – 51, 883 • 2008 – 56,837 • 2009 -‐ 69, 446 • 2010 -‐ 75,124 • 2011 -‐ 86,163
– About 6,500 in compliance out of 8,500 – About 10 new businesses started up to
collect ABC materials
18% of beverages consumed on premise, and glass makes about 80% of the container mix
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Federal Ac7vity: Glass Recycling-‐Related Issues
§ “Request for Comments” on U.S. EPA Municipal Solid Waste Report: - Covers na7onal recycling rates, including those for glass – Currently Under Agency Review - GPI and member companies asked EPA to:
§ Examine “end markets” prior to issuing recycling rates for glass, including dis7nc7on between container and diversion markets
§ Examine “recovery” rates for the different collec7on programs (single stream, drop off, deposits, etc.)
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Federal Ac7vity: Legisla7on to Improve Recycling Data § GPI led stakeholder legisla7ve effort to:
§ Improve exis7ng recycling data § Focus on what is returned to glass plants and other manufacturers
§ Members of Congress and industry agree improved recycling data would: § Assist the manufacturing sector § Help to support jobs and the manufacturing industries who purchase recyclables
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Federal Ac7vity: Legisla7on to Improve Recycling Data § Legisla7on would voluntarily permit EPA:
§ To ask for data on the effec7veness of specific recycling programs
§ Focus on recyclables collected being either sent to landfill or back to manufacturers
§ U.S. House Energy and Commerce SubcommiUee § Held a June 2012 hearing on a discussion drao § GPI tes7fied in support of improving recycling data
§ Discussion Drao currently not law, and is s7ll awai7ng introduc7on
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Ohio Partnership for Glass Recycling § Partners:
– Glass manufacturer Owens-‐Illinois, Inc – Rumpke, Inc. – Ohio Department of Natural Resources
§ Goals: – Increase glass container recycling and “close
the loop” on up to 40,000 tons of glass annually
– Rumpke, which operates 7 Ohio recycling facili7es, invests $2.5M to develop treatment center for closed-‐loop glass recycling
– Increase municipal glass recycling programs
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Colorado Glass Recycling Drop-‐Off Program
“Be World Class, Sort Your Glass”
§ Partners: – City of Fort Collins, Larimer County, City of Loveland – Rocky Mountain BoUling Company
§ Background Research: – Glass capture rates for single-‐stream recycling may only
reach 30%; almost 100% for drop-‐off
§ Results: – Started with 3 and expanded to 5 glass container drop-‐
off loca-ons in first three months – Glass also collected at curb – Nearly 775 tons in 2010; up from 553 tons in 2009—a
40% increase
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Houston, TX Retail & Mul7-‐Family Program
§ Partners – WeCANRecycle – Over 50 local bars/restaurants and other businesses – High-‐rise condos
§ Results – About 40-‐50 tons/month – 402 tons of glass recycled in 2011; 610 tons in 2010;
350 tons in 2009 – Over 88 tons of CO2 kept out of the atmosphere
from glass recycling program in 2009
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SeaUle, Washington Verallia/eCullet Partnership
Achieving 50% Recycled Content
§ Partners Since 2008: – Verallia, Inc. (glass container manufacturers) – eCullet glass processors
§ Sources for Recycled Container Glass: – City of SeaUle curbside collec7on program – Vancouver, BC boUle deposit program
§ Results: – Verallia using nearly 50% recycled glass—up
from 17%-‐-‐in the manufacture of new glass wine boOles
– In 2010, eCullet produced more than 65,000 tons of furnace-‐ready cullet
– Using over 80,000 tons of recycled glass from WA state communi7es; in 2011, expect to increase to over 110,000 tons
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Cullet Processor Loca7ons and Sor7ng Technology
§ Growth in cullet processor loca7ons: - 5 new facili7es in 2012 - Cullet processors now in MD, NV, and UT
§ Expansion in sor7ng technologies: - Cullet processors with op7cal sor7ng technologies becoming the new standard - In 2012, cullet processor SMI had three-‐mix color sor7ng technology in nearly half of its 40+ facili7es
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§ Partnerships with stakeholders to improve glass recycling/recovery rates
§ Improved data collec7on/analysis § Effec7ve legisla7ve ini7a7ves at federal
and state levels § A single-‐stream recycling best prac7ces
“SWOT” analysis, including processing technologies
§ Expanded bar, restaurant, and hotel collec7on programs
Must improve the quan7ty and quality of recovered recycled glass:
Achieving the 50% Goal
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www.gpi.org