GLASS

GLASS As a Building Material

Basic Terms

TYPES OF GLASS

MANUFACTURING PROCESS

TINTED GLASSADVANTAGEDISADVANTAGEHigh degree of light transmittedAttacked by hydraulic acidAbility to produce ina range of colorsProne to breakageChemical inertnessEasy to clean

PURPOSE OF GLASSBehavior towards light

GLASS FIXTURES

GLASS AS A BUILDING MATERIALUse of Glass on Large ScaleCurtain Walls A curtain wall system is an outer covering of a building in which the outer walls are non-structural, but merely keep the weather out and occupants in.

SPACE FRAME STRUCTURES

USE OF GLASS ON SMALL SCALE

THERMAL BEHAVIOUR

RESISTING PROPERTY

EFFECT OF WIND

FIXING DETAILS

D-SHAPED CLAMP

SQUARE CLAMP

ANCHOR PINS

A VARIES FROM 19MM TO 50MMB (BODY LENGTH) VARIES FROM20-30MM

HANDRAIL BRACKET

TYPES OF CLAMPS

TYPES OF FIXING

CLAMP FITTINGSSTUB POST

TYPES OF FIXING

DETAIL:Spider Fixing

POINT FIX BALUSTRADE

CLAMPINGS

INSTALLATION & FIXING DETAIL

FIN DESIGN & DETAIL

DETAILSFINMinimum design requirements are:Fins should always be mechanically fixed to the structure by means of a back to back steel or stainless steel fin bracket ;Structural fins should not be less than 12mm in thickness and should always be toughened

Internal entries When the width of the sidelite (A) plusthe height of the highlite (B) exceeds a total of 1000mm a structural fin is required External entries A wind load design should always be carried out to determine thickness and width of fin.

PIVOT DOOR

BAHinge A detailHINGE B DETAIL

G-TECH PIVOT DOOR SYSTEM

GLASS DOOR ATTACHED TO GLASS WALLDETAILING

GLAZED WALLS SINGLE TIER

Glass fins in most cases must run the full length of the panel height and be channel glazed or mechanically secured depending on the application.

FIN SUPPORTWith full height fin designs, (X) must be no less than 2/3 of the fin width required.

GLAZED WALLS MULTI TIER

STACKED SYSTEMS

SPIDER FIXINGHOPE FOR SKY SCRAPERS

SKY SCRAPPER

STRUCTURAL BALUSTRADINGSOLUTION FOR BALCONIES

GLASS PARTITIONINGGlass used as a Building Material

FIXING OF GLASS WALLSChoose the right glass block for your project.Draw a diagram of the installation.Mix the glass mortarPut down a bed of mortar and place the first row of blocks.Place the appropriate spacers between the blocks.Install anchors and reinforcing rods every 2 feet (30 cm) to provide strength and stability to your glass block installation.Tool the jointsClean any stray mortar off the faces of the blocks with a damp cloth.Seal the perimeter and joints when the mortar is completely set

FRAMELESS SHOWER SCREENSFrameless toughened safety glass can provide an alternative to standard aluminium framed shower screens. National Glass can supply shower door options as shown.Minimum recommended thickness should be 10mm toughened safety glass.FIXING METHOD:The recommended method is to mechanically fix the glass with special bolt through plated brass or stainless steel angle bracketsA second method is to use an aluminium or plated brass U channel which is screw fixed to the wall and floor and the glass is fixed into the channel using structural grade silicone.MAXIMUM SHOWER DOORWIDTH/HEIGHT

Width (mm)Wall hung doors 600700Glass hung doors 550650

Height (mm)Wall hung doors 18502100Glass hung doors 18502100

DIFFERENT WAYS OF ARRANGEMENT

GLASS FLOORINGusually a multi-laminated glass made-up of 23 panels of annealed glass one panel of 6mm toughened glass non slip coating to the trafficable surface.The coating is ceramic fired paint for durability and wear.

INSTALLATION DETAILS It is recommended that the glazing block shall have shore hardness 80 to 90;The joints between the floor panels and structure shall be 6mm minimum;It is recommended to use Dow Corning for the sealants around the floor panels;The recommended support width for the floor panels shall be 20mm minimum;Maximum allowable deflection in support framing is span over 500.

STANDARD NON SLIPPY SURFACE PATTERN

WHAT NBC SAYS?Safety Glass Safety glass shall be of four types as follows:a) Toughened Safety (Tempered) Glass (TS)b) Toughened Float Safety Glass (TF)c) Laminated Safety Glass (LS)d) Laminated Float Safety Glass (LF)Glass at b and d shall be preferred.Critical Locations:Where there is danger of falling infill glassmaterials from overhead glazingb) Where there is danger of falling due to achange in floor levelc) In case of balustrades, stairs and floors.

CRITICAL LOCATIONSVERTICALWALLSVertical walls - with residual protection or SILL LVL > 0.75m (not likely to be subjected to human impact).

CASE-2Vertical walls ; Hs < 0.75m & Hf < 1.5m (human impact but no risk of fall)

CASE- 3Glass shelter, risk of fall

Case: 4Glass acting as a balustrade, parapet or a railing (human impact and risk of fall both)

Glass BuildingsBuildingCosmo CityLocationGurgaon, Delhi IndiaArchitectRajiv Gandhi & Associates, DelhiGlazing products usedPilkington Eclipse AdvantageArctic Blue T (toughened)

EZEIZA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTBUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINALocationBuenos Aires, ArgentinaArchitectsM-SG-S-S-SUrgell-Fazio-Penedo-UrgellGlazing products usedPilkington EclipseAdvantage EverGreenPilkington Energy AdvantagePilkington Optifloat ClearPilkington Optilam Phon

CONCLUSIONGlass production has changed substantially over the past 4,000 years.todays float technology is characterized by continuous production and the capability of producing a wide range of glass thicknesses, sizes, and cFabricated glass products further expand the use of glass for a variety of purposes, including safety, security, sound control, and energy efficiency colors.Glass is a dynamic and important part of residential and commercial building design.It has the importance of glass in todays construction environment as a medium for natural lighting and energy conservation

CITED WORKSBOOKS:R. CHUDLEYR. GREENONATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF INDIA 2005GLASS CODE OF AUSTRALIA

MANUALS:Stevens glass fixing manualSyracuse glass companyArchitectural Glass Guide

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