glass block technical

G L A S S B L O C K S

T E C H N I C A L & C O N S T R U C T I O N D E T A I L S

For further technical information contact Roadstone Architectural Products DivisionTel: 01 8343322 Fax: 01 8343931 Web: www.roadstone.ie Email: [email protected]

A CRH Plc. Group Company.

The New Generation of Light

Glass Blocks are one of the most versatile building materials

which suit practically every individual design idea. With

SOLARIS Glass Blocks you can choose from a vast array of sizes,

colours and designs to find the ideal combination for all your

building needs.

SOLARIS Glass Blocks offer stunning visual effects and add

style and value to your property. Excellent fire ratings, good

sound reduction qualities and increased security are natural built

in advantages.

G L A S S B L O C K S

Kilkee Water World - Flemish White

Commercial Development - Clear White Glass Block and Forticrete Architectural Masonry

one two

• Product Range 5

• Prefabricated Corner Units 7

• Calculating Ope dimensions 8

• Thermal Insulation 9

• Sound Insulation 10

• Transparency and Light Transmittance 12

• Property Protection 13

• Product Specification for Non-Fire Rated Panels 14

• Typical Construction Details 15

• Typical Corner Details 21

• Door & Window Elements 22

• Curved Walls 23

• Relevant Standards 24

• Reinforcement of Glass Block Panels - EXAMPLE 25

• Reinforcement - Design Charts 26

• Materials and Setting Techniques 27

• Construction Guidelines / Cleaning and Maintenance 28

• Fire Rated Glass Blocks / Product Specification Fire Rated Blocks 29

• Fire Resistance of Vertical Glass Block Panels 30

Disclaimer,This document was prepared by Roadstone Dublin Ltd. Architectural Products Division, in consultation with its technicalconsultants. The function of the document is to assist Architects and Engineers considering the use of Glass Block panels in buildingprojects. It addresses some typical situations and is not intended as a substitute for detail design. Users of the informationprovided in the document do so at their own risk. CRH plc., Roadstone Dublin Limited and their Technical Consultants accept no liability.SOLARIS and Roadstone are continually improving their products and service. Specification and details are therefore subject tochange without notice.

Contents

Apartments - Flemish White with Flemish Pink squares to stairwell.

Door detail - Sandymount Credit Union Flemish White.

Bathroom - Sahara Clear.

three four

Cross Ribbed

Samba - Pink

Flemish - Blue

Savona - Silor

Flemish Sahara - Green

Digona - Azur

Flemish - White

Flemish Sahara - Turquoise

Venus - Silor

Savona - Azur

Flemish Sahara

Riva - Turquoise

TYPEAlphaLight DiffusingLight DirectingCarlottaDigonaFennolithFloraCross-RibbedCross-Ribbed BroadKosmosMarinOrionOrsa BSH 20RivaSahara ClearviewSahara Clearview BSH 20Sahara FlemishSahara Flemish BSH 20SambaSatinaSavonaVenusClearviewClearview BSH 20FlemishFlemish CornerFlemish BSH 20Clearview 1930FClearview 1960FClearview 1990F

Azur (e.g. Sahara Clearview)

Blue(e.g. Digona)

Grey(e.g Flemish)

Light Green(e.g. Sahara Flemish)

Pink(e.g. Riva)

Silor(e.g. Savona)

Turquoise(e.g. Samba)

Glass Blocks can be supplied with a single or double-sided ‘frosted’finish surface. This is called Sahara finish.

SOLARIS Glass Blocks are also available as corner elements with optional angle in a variety of models, designs and colours (see page 7 for dimensions).

So lar i s G lass B locks - Co lour and Product Range

4

44

1 3

2

3

2

1

1

2

3

4

six

Alpha

Light Diffusing

Fennolith

Digona

Light Directing

Flora

Cross-Ribbed

Cross-Ribbed Broad

Kosmos

Orion

Orsa BSH 20

Riva

Sahara Clearview

Sahara Flemish

Samba

Satina

Venus

Clearview

Flemish

five

Carlotta

Marin

Flemish Corner Corner Element (Page 7)

Savona

Dime

nsion

sUn

itsMo

del

No/M

2

115

x 115

x 80

mm24

11/2

6024

0 x 1

15 x

80mm

2411

3219

0 x 1

90 x

80mm

198

2519

0 x 1

90 x

100

mm19

1025

240

x 240

x 80

mm24

816

300

x 300

x 10

0mm

310

1033 /4

x 73 /4

x 31 /8

inche

s48

350

33 /4x 7

3 /4x 3

7 /8inc

hes

484

5053 /4

x 53 /4

x 31 /8

inche

s66

343

53 /4x 5

3 /4x 3

7 /8inc

hes

664

4353 /4

x 73 /4

x 31 /8

inche

s68

332

73 /4x 7

3 /4x 3

1 /8inc

hes

883

2573 /4

x 73 /4

x 37 /8

inche

s88

425

190

x 190

x 16

0mm

25

****

Available in the following colours:

White

Silor

Azur - Blue - Grey - Light Green - Pink - Turquoise

Azur - Pink - Turquoise

Azur - Light Green - Pink - Turquoise

Azur - Blue - Pink - Turquoise

So lar i s G lass B locks - Produc t Range

Pre-Fabr i ca ted Corner Uni t s

Dimension “D” assumes 90° angle. (tolerance to DIN 1875)

Glass BlockA B C D

Angle X°Model Min Max

198 190 80 193 112 60 140

1910 190 100 193 92 90 140

248 240 80 243 162 60 140

310 300 100 303 202 90 140

2411 240 80 118 39 80 140

2411 115 80 243 162 60 140

2411/2 115 80 118 37 80 140

883 196.9 79.4 200 120 60 140

884 196.9 98.4 200 101 90 140

663 146.1 79.4 149 69 60 140

664 146.1 98.4 149 50 90 140

Calcu la t ing Ope Dimens ions

Formula for Calculating width of Ope(Example using 190x190x80 Glass Block)

W = ( A x b ) + ( C x j ) + 2p( 5 x 190 ) + ( 4 x 10 ) + ( 2 x 15 )

950 + 40 + 30 = 1020mm

Width of ope = 1020mm (For Height of Ope Repeat Above)

A = No. of Glass Blocksb = Width of Glass BlockC = No. of Jointsj = Width of Joint (10mm min)p = Perimeter Joint (15mm in this case)W = Clear WidthH = Clear Height

Mortar Joint Width in mm. (Straight Panels)

Glass Block Dimensions 115 x 115 mm. 190 x 190 mm. 240 x 240 mm. 300 x 300 mm.

Minimum Joint Width (mm) 10 10 15 20

Maximum Joint Width (mm) 20 20 20 20

For maximum allowable size of non-fire rated panel dimensions see Design Chart page 26For maximum allowable size of Fire Rated panels see page 30

The manufacturing process currently in use is capable of producing Glass Blocks up to a maximum length per side of 300 mm.

Glass Block walls are translucent walls for both indoor and outdoor use. They should not be regarded either as windows orsubstitute windows, but rather as an autonomous architectural element with a structural expression which figures significantly inthe appearance of a building.

Glass Block walls are not supporting walls and cannot be expected to bear any loads from the building. This is why Glass Blockpanels should be connected to the rest of the building in a way which would not subject them to any restraining forces. For thisreason, they should be surrounded by expansion and sliding joints, the function of which must not be obstructed by the use ofother materials (e.g. plaster). The expansion and sliding joints must be executed meticulously. Failure to do this may result in thecracking of the Glass Blocks in the future.

Dimensions for the pre-formed ope and the connection detail between the GLASS BLOCK wall and the structure of the building aretherefore of the utmost importance. Typical details are shown on pages 15-21. Our Technical Department will be pleased to discussother situations.

seven eight

A

Dx° D

B

190

193

193

190

112112 80

C

SectionElevation

C

Plan

p b j b j b j b j b p

w

p

b

j

b

j

b

j

b

p

H

(Dimensions in millimetres)

Sound Insu la t ion

Glass Block constructions are ideal solutions where a high degree of insulation against airborne noise is required.

Single-skin panels constructed with BSH 20 Glass Blocks meet the requirements up to sound insulation class 5 (see tables below).Double-skin Glass Block walls with a space of at least 50mm fulfil the demands of sound insulation class 6. It is, however,important to ensure that the adjoining structural elements have the same degree of insulation against air-borne noise.

Where increased demands are made on sound insulation, low-cost solutions can be achieved, while illuminating the rooms withGlass Block elements.

Attention should be paid to the specifications of DIN 4109, “Sound Insulation in Buildings”.

The sound insulation index R’w is calculated in accordance with DIN 52 210, Part 4:

Rw = LSM + 52dB (LSM = airborne sound insulation index)

According to the test certificates, dated 28 April 1982, from the official German test centre for constructional sound insulation(Chand 1, Mitter VDI, VBI, Consultant Engineer, Krefeld), the following values approx.

Glass Block walls

Sound insulation classes for windows in accordance with VDI Guideline 2719:

Thermal Insu la t ion

Glass Block walls help reduce the over-heating of interior spaces caused by the penetration of sunlight during the summer months,while also permitting the low-lying winter sun to make a maximum contribution to room heating.

The thermal conductivity coefficient of Glass Block windows is comparable with this property in normal double glazing units.

A 1/∆ thermal transmission resistance of Glass Block walls and a thermal conductivity coefficient U depend on the dimension ofthe Glass Blocks (stated in mean values for all sizes, except those listed below) and the jointing material.

One general rule applies when considering the heat balance of buildings and taking into consideration an equivalent thermalconductivity coefficient of keq during the heating period which, besides transmission heat losses, also includes the useful heat gainsof √gF brought about by such transparent structural elements as windows.

Additional physical Model Model Model Mean Value forproperties 1930F 1960F 1990F all other models

Thermal conductivity U = 2.2 W/(m2 K) U= 1.8 W/(m2 K) U= 1.5 W/(m2 K) U= 3.2 W/(m2 K)coefficient (U value)

Thermal transmission I/∆ = 0.282 m2 K/W I/∆ = 0.396 m2 K/W I/∆ = 0.507 m2 K/W I/∆ = 0.144 m2 K/Wresistance

Fraction of total energy g = 0,50 g = 0.54 g = 0.35 g = 0.65transmission (g-value)

Glass Block Dimensions Air Transmitted Sound - Sound Insulation Insulation Index LSM Index Rw

190 x 190 x 80 – 12 dB 40 dB

190 x 190 x 80 BSH 20 – 5 dB 47 dB

240 x 240 x 80 – 10 dB 42 dB

240 x 115 x 80 – 7 dB 45 dB

300 x 300 x 100 – 11 dB 41 dB

Double Leaf

240 x 240 x 80 – 2 dB 50 dB

Sound Insulation Rwclass

6 ≥ 50dB

5 45-49dB

4 40-44dB

3 35-39dB

2 30-34dB

1 25-29dB

0 ≤ 25dB

nine ten

I

I

Transparency and L ight Transmi t tance

Light ConductivityLight transmittance in light-directing Glass Blocks can be adjusted by an interior prismatic structure to direct the light toward theceiling. The ceiling should be bright and unstructured.

The blocks have an imprint engraved in the top to indicate the proper installation position.

TransparencyThe degree of transparency of the Glass Block wall is determined by the type of Glass Block used.

Whatever the requirements, virtually any degree of visibility protection is possible:• from clear view Glass Blocks with plane parallel surfaces providing transparency from the inside without

any major distortions,• to decorative blocks which make object recognition difficult, all the way to,• Glass Blocks which only produce a diffused light and do not permit any form recognition - e.g. Sahara Range.

Light Transmittance (Light Transmittance of Glass Blocks DIN 67 507)

Glass Block walls have a high degree of light transmittance. For vertically incident light, the transmittance can be up to 75%(transparent Glass Blocks), depending on the pattern of the block, and thus corresponds to that of normal double-glazed windows.

With bronze-tinted Glass Blocks, the light transmittance is approx. 49%.

Weight

The dead weight of Glass Block panels,

including mortar joints (10mm), with the

following specification are shown:

190 x190 x 80mm thick ..........1.00 KN/m2

190 x 190 x 100mm thick .......1.25 KN/m2

BSH20 198............................1.42 KN/m2

The SOLARIS 198 BSH 20 Glass Block in

normal single-leaf design, meets the

requirements of Sound Insulation Class 5

(sound insulation index Rw 45-49 dB).

For weights of other blocks consult “Designing

with light and glass”, available from the

Architectural Products Division of Roadstone.

Section through: Section through:Glass Block BSH 20

Sound Insu la t ion

Examples of Sound Insulation Measurements (R'w) ofGlass Block Walls

Sound levels dB Recommended Guidelines forMean Sound Levels in Rooms

Lobbies, Waiting Rooms and Terminal Buildings

Classrooms, Scientific Laboratories, Libraries, Doctors’ Offices,

Conference and Lecture Rooms, Churches

Bedrooms in Homes, Hotels and Hospitals

eleven twelve

120 Riveter

100 Motorcycle

80

70 Road Traffic

60 Normal Conversation

50 Soft Radio Music

40 Soft Conversation

30 Whispering people

20

10

Whispering Leaves

-40dB

-45dB

Glass Blocks - as used in hospital foyer

Light Ceiling

I

Proper ty Protec t ion

Glass Block walls provide high levels of security.Typical applications include:

• Observation Units • Sports Centres• Building Entrances • Medical Centres and Hospitals• Light walls in warehouses, manufacturing facilities or workshops • Libraries• Security zones in industrial plants, airports, power stations etc. • Public Buildings• Computer Centres • Prisons and Detention Centres• Banks and Financial Institutions • Universities and Colleges• Cellar windows

Germany’s Federal Criminal Investigation Service in Wiesbaden especially recommends Glass Blocks for a high level of personaland property protection.

Bullet-Resistant GlazingThe special BSH 20 Glass Block looks similar to a standard Glass Block, but when subjected to triple firing as specified in DIN 52290/Z, it meets the requirement of classification C 5-SA, the highest level of bullet resistance in glass. Single-shell Glass Blockelements will provide bullet resistance classification C3-SA on single firing, and C 2-SA for triple firing.

Double-shell Glass Block elements provide bullet resistance classification C 5-SA on triple firing.

Burglar-Resistant Glass Block PanelsThe efficiency of Glass Block walls with a high level of burglar-proofing can be vastly improved by selecting specific Glass Blocksizes, joint widths and mortar joints reinforcements.

Resistance classification WK 10 is provided by Glass Blocks with dimensions up to 240 x 240 mm, and resistance class WK 60 isprovided by Glass Blocks with dimensions up to 200 x 200 mm, pre-supposing a cross-wires reinforcement of the mortar jointswith special steel.

Projectile-Resistant GlazingIn all application sizes, Glass Block walls provide a high level of safety against such projectiles as balls hitting the wall oratmospheric disturbances such as earthquakes. No special installation method is required here; the stability comes about from thestress-resistance of the individual Glass Blocks and their reinforcement.

BSH 20 Calibre Classifications of attack-resistance

Stress Calibre Type of Bullet mass Velocity Bullet No bullet hole, No bullet hole,type bullet* mas (g) V2 5m/s distance (m) non splintering hole, splintering

1 9mm x 19 VMR/Wk 8.00 ± 0.10 355 to 365 3 C1 - SF C1 - SA2 .357 Magnum VMKS/Wk 10.25 ± 0.10 415 to 425 3 C2 - SF C2 - CA3 .44 Magnum VMF/Wk 15.55 ± 0.10 435 to 445 3 C3 - SF C3 - SA4 7.62mm x 51 VMS/Wk 9.45 ± 0.10 785 to 795 10 C4 - SF C4 - SA5 7.62mm x 51 VMS/Hk 9.75 ± 0.10 800 to 810 25 C5 - SF C5 - SA

VMR/Wk Full-jacketed round head bullet with soft coreVMKS/Wk Full-jacketed flat head bullet with soft coreVMF/Wk Full-jacketed conic spritzer bullet with soft core VMS/Wk Full-jacketed spritzer bullet with soft coreVMS/Hk Full-jacketed spritzer bullet with hard core

Product Spec i f i ca t ion

Non Fire Rated Vertical Glass Block Panels

SOLARIS Glass Blocks as supplied by Roadstone Dublin Ltd. Architectural Products Division, are constructed generally to complywith DIN4242. Type (1) size (2) x x mm thick (3) pattern, hermeticallysealed hollow Glass Blocks, manufactured strictly in accordance with DIN18175. Glass Blocks shall be laid in Roadstone UniversalGlass Block Mortar conforming to DIN1053 when used in accordance with DIN4242. This mortar should be mixed on site withclean water to required consistency. All joints must be fully compacted to a bucket handle finish with a smooth concave profile.Joint thickness will depend on Glass Block size (see page 8) and plan profile of panel (see curved walls page 23). Deformed highyield stainless steel reinforcing rods, as supplied by Roadstone and manufactured to BS6744:1986, to be set in selected bedjoints, to allow each individual panel to resist the designed wind loading as required by CP3 Chapter V Part 2, BS 5628 Part 21985, DIN4242 Part 5.2.1 and BS 8110 1985 - (refer to design chart page 26). Glass Block panels must be erected on asuitable and adequate base previously prepared by others, coated with two applications of bituminous paint. Expansion material,conforming to BS476 Part 4 1970 and Part 7 1987, to be positioned at the head and both jambs in accordance with details.Internal and external perimeter joints to be caulked with silicone sealant, manufactured in accordance with BS 5889 1989 Type A,as supplied by Roadstone Architectural Products Division and applied in accordance with manufacturers instructions.

1. State SOLARIS reference ..................example “198 Flemish”2. State dimensions ............................example “190 x 190 x 80mm”3. State pattern..................................example “Flemish”

thirteen fourteen

NOTES:

1) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE NOT DESIGNED TO CARRY LOADS FROM,OR PROVIDE STABILITY TO THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE. PANELSARE ISOLATED FROM THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE BY MOVEMENTJOINTS.

2) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED SOLELY TO SUPPORT THEIROWN WEIGHT, WIND LOADS AND HORIZONTAL LIVE LOADS INACCORDANCE WITH RELEVANT SECTIONS OF BS 6399 AND TOTRANSMIT THESE LOADS TO THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE.

3) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED TO SPAN IN ONE DIRECTIONONLY AND ARE REINFORCED WITH RIBBED STAINLESS STEEL RODS,GENERALLY IN THE SHORTEST SPAN.

4) FOR MAXIMUM PANEL SIZES, SPANS, REINFORCEMENT CENTRESAND DIAMETER REFER TO DESIGN CHARTS.

5) SEE SPECIFICATION SHEET FOR DETAILS OF MATERIALS ANDWORKMANSHIP.

6) THE PERIMETER EXPANSION AND SLIDING JOINT MUST BE METICULOUSLY EXECUTED AND FREE FROMOBSTRUCTIONS IF FUTURE CRACKING OF GLASS BLOCKS IS TO BEAVOIDED.

7) ENSURE 15MM COVER FROM OUTSIDE OF GLASS BLOCK TOREINFORCEMENT WHEN 2 No. REINFORCING BARS ARE USED ASPRIMARY REINFORCEMENT.

8) DETAILS TO BE READ STRICTLY IN CONJUNCTION WITH TECHNICALAND CONSTRUCTION DETAILS MANUAL. REFER TO PAGE 3 FORDISCLAIMER.

TYPICAL DETAILS

TYPICAL DETAILS

HEAD DETAIL JAMB DETAIL

JOINT DETAIL BASE DETAIL

EXTERNAL CILL DETAIL

JAMB DETAIL

JOINT DETAILBASE DETAIL

NOTES:

1) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE NOT DESIGNED TOCARRY LOADS FROM, OR PROVIDE STABILITY TOTHE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE. PANELS AREISOLATED FROM THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE BYMOVEMENT JOINTS.

2) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED SOLELY TOSUPPORT THEIR OWN WEIGHT, WIND LOADS ANDHORIZONTAL LIVE LOADS IN ACCORDANCE WITHRELEVANT SECTIONS OF BS 6399 AND TO TRANSMITTHESE LOADS TO THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE.

3) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED TO SPAN INONE DIRECTION ONLY AND ARE REINFORCED WITHRIBBED STAINLESS STEEL RODS, GENERALLY IN THESHORTEST SPAN.

4) FOR MAXIMUM PANEL SIZES, SPANS,REINFORCEMENT CENTRES AND DIAMETER REFERTO DESIGN CHARTS.

5) SEE SPECIFICATION SHEET FOR DETAILS OFMATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP.

6) THE PERIMETER EXPANSION AND SLIDING JOINT MUST BE METICULOUSLY EXECUTED AND FREEFROM OBSTRUCTIONS IF FUTURE CRACKING OFGLASS BLOCKS IS TO BE AVOIDED.

7) ENSURE 15MM COVER FROM OUTSIDE OF GLASSBLOCK TO REINFORCEMENT WHEN 2 No.REINFORCING BARS ARE USED AS PRIMARYREINFORCEMENT.

8) DETAILS TO BE READ STRICTLY IN CONJUNCTIONWITH TECHNICAL AND CONSTRUCTION DETAILSMANUAL. REFER TO PAGE 3 FOR DISCLAIMER.

HORIZONTALLY SPANNING PANELSTYPICAL DETAILSDrg. No. 9648 / 01 D a t e : Oct. 99

ROADSTONE DUBLIN LTD.,ARCHITECTURAL PRODUCTS DIVISION.

fifteen sixteen

HEAD DETAIL

SOLARIS GLASS BLOCKSBY ROADSTONE

VERTICALLY SPANNING PANELSTYPICAL DETAILSDrg. No. 9648 / 02 Date: Oct. 99



seventeen eighteen

TYPICAL DETAILS


JOINT DETAIL

BASE DETAIL



JOINT DETAIL


NOTES:



3) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED TO SPAN INONE DIRECTION ONLY AND ARE REINFORCED WITHRIBBED STAINLESS STEEL RODS, GENERALLY IN THESHORTEST SPAN.






NOTES:

1) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE NOT DESIGNED TO CARRYLOADS FROM, OR PROVIDE STABILITY TO THESUPPORTING STRUCTURE. PANELS ARE ISOLATEDFROM THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE BY MOVEMENTJOINTS.


3) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED TO SPAN IN ONEDIRECTION ONLY AND ARE REINFORCED WITH RIBBEDSTAINLESS STEEL RODS, GENERALLY IN THE SHORTESTSPAN.

4) FOR MAXIMUM PANEL SIZES, SPANS, REINFORCEMENTCENTRES AND DIAMETER REFER TO DESIGN CHARTS.

5) SEE SPECIFICATION SHEET FOR DETAILS OF MATERIALSAND WORKMANSHIP.

6) THE PERIMETER EXPANSION AND SLIDING JOINT MUST BE METICULOUSLY EXECUTED AND FREE FROMOBSTRUCTIONS IF FUTURE CRACKING OF GLASSBLOCKS IS TO BE AVOIDED.

7) ENSURE 15MM COVER FROM OUTSIDE OF GLASS BLOCKTO REINFORCEMENT WHEN 2 No. REINFORCING BARSARE USED AS PRIMARY REINFORCEMENT.

8) DETAILS TO BE READ STRICTLY IN CONJUNCTION WITHTECHNICAL AND CONSTRUCTION DETAILS MANUAL.REFER TO PAGE 3 FOR DISCLAIMER.

HORIZONTALLY SPANNING PANELSWITH PREFABRICATED CHANNELSDrg. No. 9648 / 03 Date: Oct. 99



TYPICAL DETAILS

HORIZONTALLY & VERTICALLY SPANNING PANELS WITH PERIMETER CHANNELSDrg. No. 9648 / 04 Date: Oct. 99



nineteen twenty




TYPICAL DETAILS

TYPICAL DETAILS

TYPICAL JAMB DETAIL

TYPICAL HEAD DETAIL

TYPICAL CILL DETAIL

HORIZONTAL EXPANSIONJOINT

NOTES:


2) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED SOLELY TOSUPPORT THEIR OWN WEIGHT, WIND LOADS ANDHORIZONTAL LIVE LOADS IN ACCORDANCE WITHRELEVANT SECTIONS OF BS 6399 AND TOTRANSMIT THESE LOADS TO THE SUPPORTINGSTRUCTURE.

3) GLASS BLOCK PANELS ARE DESIGNED TO SPAN INONE DIRECTION ONLY AND ARE REINFORCED WITHRIBBED STAINLESS STEEL RODS, GENERALLY INTHE SHORTEST SPAN.






EXPANSION JOINT DETAILSDrg. No. 9648 / 07 Scale Date: Oct. 99

VERTICAL EXPANSIONJOINT


HORIZONTALLY SPANNING PANELSMASONRY DETAILSDrg. No. 9648 / 05 Date: Oct. 99


JAMB DETAIL

SOLARIS GLASS BLOCKS BY ROADSTONE

Door and Window E lements

Elements such as doors, windows, vents etc., built into Glass Block walls must be dimensioned in accordance with the Glass Blockmodule.

twenty-one twenty-two

A reliable door closer,either floor mountedor standard height, isrecommended.

Section A-A

B B

A

A

Elevation

Plan Section B-B

Prefabricated Switch BoxWiring Channel

TYPICAL DETAILS

TYPICAL CORNER DETAIL





CORNER DETAILSDrg. No. 9648 / 08 Scale Date: Oct. 99


Relevant S tandards

StandardsThe following standards should be observed when installing a Glass Block wall:

Building Regulations 1997 - Technical Guidance DocumentDIN 18175 - Glass Blocks, productionDIN 4242 - Glass Blocks, construction and dimensioning

Other applicable norms are:DIN 488 - Reinforcing Steel; Definition and PropertiesDIN 1045 - Concrete and Reinforced ConcreteDIN 1053 - Mortar and MasonryDIN 1055 - Design LoadsDIN 4102, - Part 13, - Fire ProtectionDIN 4103, - Part 1 - Non-Load-Bearing WallsDIN 4108, - Thermal InsulationDIN 4109, - Sound Insulation in BuildingBS 6399 - Loading for Buildings

The following new European norms apply in addition to DIN 1045 and 1053:ENV 1992 - Steel ConcreteENV 206 - Concrete, Characteristics and Manufacture

In addition to DIN 4102: EN 357 - Fire Protection

twenty-four

Curved Wal l s

Vertical expansion joints must be provided at the maximum panel width, or at least every 6 meters, on Glass Block walls with asingle curve. Multiple-curved walls require expansion joints at the turning point of the curves.The minimum internal joint width is 8mm.

Glass Block Dimensions

Internal or external vertical joint width is based on 8mm min. joint on one face

115 x 115 190 x 190 240 x 240 300 x 330 190 x 190x 80mm x 80mm x 80mm x 100mm x 100mm

0.5 28.0 40.0 48.0 70.0 48.00.6 24.7 34.7 41.7 59.7 41.40.7 22.3 30.8 36.6 52.3 36.60.8 20.5 28.0 33.0 46.0 33.00.9 19.1 25.8 30.2 42.4 30.21.0 18.0 24.0 28.0 39.0 28.01.5 14.6 18.6 21.3 28.7 21.32.0 13.0 16.0 18.0 23.5 18.02.5 12.0 14.4 16.0 20.4 16.03.0 11.3 13.3 14.7 18.3 14.33.5 10.9 12.6 13.7 16.9 13.74.0 10.9 12.0 13.0 15.8 13.05.0 10.0 11.2 12.0 14.2 12.06.0 7.7 10.7 11.4 13.2 11.47.0 9.4 10.3 10.9 10.98.0 9.25 10.0 10.5 10.59.0 9.1 9.77 10.2 10.2

20.0 8.5 8.8 9.0 9.0

twenty-three

Internal Radiusof Curve in

Meters

----

Plan

Expansion Joint. See detail 9648/07See page 20 for Typical Detail

Glass Block

twenty-six

3.4 2.4 1.8 1 No. 6 mm @ 400mm crs 3.8 2.8 2.2 1 No. 8 mm @ 400mm crs 3.8 3.0 2.4 1 No. 6 mm @ 200mm crs 3.8 2.8 2.2 1 No. 8 mm @ 200mm crs 3.8 3.0 2.6 2 No. 6 mm @ 400mm crs 3.8 3.0 2.6 2 No. 8 mm @ 400mm crs 3.8 3.0 2.6 2 No. 6 mm @ 200mm crs 3.8 3.0 2.6 2 No. 8 mm @ 200mm crs






190 x 190 x 80

Glass Block Size

Reinforcement Table of Maximum Spans for Glass Block Panels(Non-Fi re Rated Panels)

Wind load kN / sq m0.5 1 1.5

Span in metresPrimary Reinforcement Required Notes to Table

Secondary Reinforcement

1.1 In horizontally spanning panels

(detail 01) – secondary

reinforcement is placed at the rate

of 50% of primary steel.

E.g. Using 190 x 190 block –

primary reinforcement at 400mm

centres horizontally – secondary

reinforcement will be at 800mm

centres vertically.

1.2 In vertically spanning panels

(detail 02) –

i.e. where primary reinforcement

spans vertically – secondary

reinforcement is placed every 3rd

bed joint horizontally.

E.g. Using 190 x 190 block –

primary reinforcement at 400mm

centres vertically – secondary

reinforcement will be at 600mm

centres horizontally.

2. Ensure 15mm cover from face of Glass

Block to reinforcement. Ensure

reinforcement does not come in contact

with Glass Block.

3. Maximum allowable length/height of

adjacent side is 6m.

4. Disclaimer: Roadstone Architectural

Products Division in consultation with

their technical consultants prepared this

document. The function of the document

is to assist architects and engineers

considering the use of Glass Block panels

in building projects. It addresses some

typical situations and is not a substitute

for detail design. Users of the information

provided in the document do so on their

own responsibility and Roadstone or its

technical consultants accept no liability.

Further information and assistance can

be obtained by contacting Roadstone

Architectural Products Division.

190 x 190 x 100

240 x 240 x 80

115 x 115 x 80

240 x 115 x 80

300 x 300 x 100

The table on page 26 indicates primary and secondary reinforcement required for various panel sizes for a given range of windload conditions. Below is an example of how this table is used, assuming a 190 x 190 x 80mm Glass Block was specified.

Horizontally Spanning Panel

Example: Panel size required ...3.8m x 6m

Given: Glass Block ..............190 x 190 x 80mmWind Load ...............0.5kN/m2

Table Page 26 indicates:

Primary Steel.........................1 No. 8mm dia. bar @ 400mm crs.

Secondary Steel .....................1 No. 8mm dia. bar @ 800mm crs.

Note: Table also indicates that increasing primary reinforcement to 200mm crs horizontally will not increase allowable span.This is due to deflection limitations.

Vertically Spanning Panels

Primary Steel ........1 No. 8mm dia. bar @ 400mm crs.

Secondary Steel.....1 No. 8mm dia. bar @ 600mm crs.

i.e. one every third bed joint horizontally.

Reinforcement of G lass B lock Pane ls - (non - f i r e ra ted)

3.8m

6m3.

8m

6m

Elevation - (Horizontally Spanning Panel)

Elevation - (Vertically Spanning Panel)

See details 01 - 03 - 04 - 05

See details 02 - 03 - 04

twenty-five

The following materials are required for the satisfactory construction of Glass Block panels. Items 1 - 6 are supplied by Roadstone.

1. SOLARIS Glass Blocks.2. Universal Glass Block mortar.3. Stainless steel deformed reinforcing rods 6 or 8mm in diameter.4. Expansion Fibre.5. Sealant for internal / external perimeter joints.6. Coloured pointing mortar (if different from white).7. Bitumen paint or D.P.C. - by others.8. Channels for edge perimeter detail - by others.

Setting TechniqueGlass Blocks must be constructed by an experienced craftsman.

The Glass Blocks should be laid in Roadstone Universal Glass Block mortar insuring that both horizontal and vertical joints are fullycompacted. The joints can then be raked out to a depth of 10-12mm and pointed as soon as the stability of the panel allows - thusinsuring optimum bond.

The finished joint should be tightly pointed to a 3mm concave smooth finish using Universal Glass Block mortar. Coloured pointingis also available on request. Only mix sufficient mortar that can be used before initial set. Never use re-tampered mortar.

The Glass Block panel must be reinforced horizontally and vertically with stainless steel ribbed bars in accordance with designcharts on page 26 or Engineers’ details. The bars are embedded in the mortar and must not come in contact with the Glass Blocks.

Movement joints at two sides and head must be incorporated to protect the panel from inadmissible loads. They must bemeticulously executed if future cracking of Glass Blocks is to be avoided. They may not be plastered over inside or out, orobstructed by tiling or similar elements. These joints are formed with permantly elastic and weather proof material, to a thickness- width of between 10 - 20mm. Sliding joint at base should be made of two coats of bitumous paint or other approved material.

Bracing and ProtectionIt is essential that all new work is adequately braced and protected during and after construction in accordance with Engineers’requirements and the requirements of DIN4242 Glass Block walls: construction and dimensioning. Pointing, including colouredpointing mortar (when specified) must be protected from rapid drying and must be sufficiently compacted to prevent penetrationto the inside.

Laying TemperatureGlass Block walls must not be constructed at temperatures below +5°C. In the event of a temperature drop below +5°C, it mustbe ensured that the walls have sufficiently high temperature during the setting of the mortar.

Expansion JointsExpansion joints are required at maximum panel lengths of 6m. in order to restrict restraining forces within the Glass Block panel.

twenty-seven

Mater ia l s and Set t ing Techn iques Cons t ruc t ion Guide l ines

• Glass Block walls are not load-bearing walls and may not be allowed to assume any additional loads from the main structure.

• Glass Block walls must be supported on at least two opposite sides in such a way that the horizontal loads from the wall can besafely transmitted.

• The supporting structure must be capable of supporting all loads.

• Glass Block walls do not carry any dead loads other than their own weight.

• Structural Opes must be built to suit Glass Block dimensions (see page 8)

• The whole surface of the Glass Block should be seen and not hidden by other finishes eg. plaster, tiling or channels.

• Expansion and slip joints must be executed meticulously to protect the panel from inadmissible loads. Failure to do this mayresult in future cracking of Glass Blocks.

• Adequate protection and bracing must be provided during and after construction until the wall has fully set.

twenty-eight

CleaningSOLARIS Glass Blocks panels require very little maintenance after installation, other than occasional cleaning. Use only cleanwater, do not use acid wash or any chemical solution.

Should stubborn stains occur on the face of the Glass Block, it is recommended that a very fine piece of steel wool grade “00” isused. Ensure that during the removal of stubborn stains the mortar joints are not touched. The mortar surfaces should be cleanedwith a dry clean cloth as required.

A clear acrylic coating may be applied to the outer faces of the Glass Block, which assists in keeping them clean.

RepairsRepairs to Glass Block panels can be effected as follows. The damaged Glass Block should be broken out as far as possible, takingcare not to damage adjoining Glass Blocks. The opening should then be trimmed to accommodate the new block; this can beachieved either by the use of hand tools or mechanical grinder/cutter. The replacement Glass Block should then be set in placeusing a stiff mortar and jointed.

Cleaning and Maintenance

Product Spec i f i ca t ion

Fire Rated Vertical Glass Block Panels

SOLARIS Glass Blocks as supplied by Roadstone Dublin Ltd. Architectural Products Division, constructed strictly in accordancewith the relevant Fire Certificate* and complying with DIN 18175.

Example: Type - “1960 F” Size - “190 x 190 x 160mm” Pattern - “Clearview” laid in Roadstone Universal GlassBlock mortar manufactured to conform to DIN 1053. The mortar should be mixed on site to required consistency, joints must befully compacted and finished “Bucket handle” to a smooth concave profile. Reinforcement shall be stainless steel deformed rodsmanufactured to B.S. 6744 1986 and placed in horizontal and vertical joints, in accordance with details contained in the relevantFire Certificate and structural engineers’ requirements. FIBRE insulation material where shown must conform to B.S. 476 Part 4 1970 and Part 7 1987.

Internal and external perimeter joints must be caulked with fire resistant sealant, manufactured in accordance with B.S. 5889 Type A and tested to B.S. 476 Part 20 1987 and DIN 4102 Part 4 and Part 13.

The panel should be erected on a previously prepared base by others.

* Copies available from Roadstone Architectural Products Division. Tel: (01) 834 3322 Fax: (01) 834 3931.

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60 m

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120

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120

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30 m

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Fire r

esist

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80mm

200m

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80mm

200m

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160m

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Certi

ficat

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Stan

dard

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rman

WFRC

No.

C822

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No.

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ES N

o. 68

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Warri

ngto

n Fir

e Res

earch

Cent

reWa

rring

ton

Repo

rt No

.

All s

izes u

p to

240x

240x

80mm

or

100

m19

0x19

0x80

mm19

0x19

0x80

mm19

0x19

0x80

mm19

0x19

0x80

mm19

0x19

0x80

mm19

0x19

0x80

mm19

0x19

0x16

0 mm

190x

190x

160

mmGl

ass s

izes

Maxim

um P

anel

Area

Per

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Widt

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G –

Inte

grity

Onl

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– In

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ity &

Insu

latio

n

Notes

to Ta

ble1.

Ro

wing

mea

ns a

serie

s/row

of G

lass B

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in a

conti

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/strip

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– Int

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, mea

ns th

at the

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mus

t prev

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lation

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addit

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(Inte

grity)

, the

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ime.

thirtytwenty-nine

F i re Rated Glass B locks

Roadstone Solaris Glass Blocks are available in a range which can achieve fire ratings, from 30 min. integrity to 90 min.’sinsulation. Different Glass Block types achieve different ratings depending on panel sizes. The table opposite show full details of these.All Glass Blocks achieve a degree of fire rating when built in accordance with details contained in relevant fire certificates. See page 30.

The most common Glass Blocks used in fire rated panels are indicated below.

Type: Size: Finish Available:

1980 BSH 20 190 x 190 x 80 Flemish/ Clearview / Sahara / Orsa1930 F 190 x 190 x 80 Clearview / Sahara Finish (one or both sides)1960 F 190 x 190 x 160 Clearview / Sahara Finish (one or both sides)1990 F 190 x 190 x 160 Clearview / Sahara Finish (one or both sides)

The above four Glass Block types are available in ‘white’ colour only.

Copy of Fire Certificates, including Construction Details, are available on request.

Restaurant Curved Wall - Flemish White

Private Residence Samba Turquoise

thirty-twothirty-one

Biotechnology Department UCD - Alpha White

Apartments - Flemish White with Prefabricated Corner Unit

Amusement Arcade - Clear White

Shopping mall - Flemish Turquoise

Bathroom - Clear Sahara White

Conference Room - Clear White

thirty-three thirty-four

glass block technical

Documents

solaris glass blocks

rated blocks

use of glass block panels

sahara flemishpinke

sahara clearviewbluee

sahara finish

sambaglass blocks

rated panels