GIS & GI ScienceGIS & GI Science

Lecture 1Lecture 1

What is GISGeographic Information Systems

What is GISGeographic Information Systems Definitions

“A powerful set of tools for storing and retrieving at will, transforming and displaying spatial data from the real world for a particular set of purposes”. Peter Burrough

“Automated systems for the capture, storage, retrieval, analysis and display of spatial data”. Keith Clarke

Definitions “A powerful set of tools for storing and

retrieving at will, transforming and displaying spatial data from the real world for a particular set of purposes”. Peter Burrough

“Automated systems for the capture, storage, retrieval, analysis and display of spatial data”. Keith Clarke

“An information system that is designed to work with data referenced by spatial or geographic coordinates. In other words, a GIS is both a database system with specific capabilities for spatially-referenced data, as well as a set of operations for working with the data”. Jack Estes

A GIS is a special case of IS where the database consists of observations on spatially-distributed features, activities, or events which are definable in space as points, line and areas to retrieve data for ad hoc queries and analyses”. Ken Duecker

“An information system that is designed to work with data referenced by spatial or geographic coordinates. In other words, a GIS is both a database system with specific capabilities for spatially-referenced data, as well as a set of operations for working with the data”. Jack Estes

A GIS is a special case of IS where the database consists of observations on spatially-distributed features, activities, or events which are definable in space as points, line and areas to retrieve data for ad hoc queries and analyses”. Ken Duecker

From: Geographic Information Systems and Science, 2nd ed.Paul Longley, Michael Goodchild, David Maguire, and David Rhind

The Basics of GIS

GIS sorts and stores information in data layers

GIS sorts and stores information in data layers

GIS TRACKS OUR WEATHER...

HAWAIIAN ISLANDS SEISMIC ACTIVITY INDEX

GIS CAN FORCAST GEOLOGICAL TRENDS...

GIS CAN MAP WILDLIFE POPULATIONS.....

GIS CAN TRACK TIDAL CHANGES ALONG A COASTLINE.......

GIS CAN TAKE YOU AROUND YOUR NEIGHBORHOOD.......

AROUND YOUR CITY...........

GI ScienceGI Science

A discipline that incorporates cartography, remote sensing and geographic information systems.

A discipline that incorporates cartography, remote sensing and geographic information systems.

The three elements of GI ScienceThe three elements of GI Science

Individual: Research dominated by cognitive science. Understanding spatial concepts, learning and reasoning about geographic data, and computer interaction.

Computer: Research about representation, adoption of new technologies, computation, and visualization.

Society: Research about issues of impacts and societal context.

Individual: Research dominated by cognitive science. Understanding spatial concepts, learning and reasoning about geographic data, and computer interaction.

Computer: Research about representation, adoption of new technologies, computation, and visualization.

Society: Research about issues of impacts and societal context.

GIS ApplicationsGIS Applications

Modeling the Environment of the Salton Sea with GIS

Modeling the Environment of the Salton Sea with GIS

Advantages of GISAdvantages of GIS

GIS maps Are interactive Allow for exploration and inquiry Allow you to choose features of interest for

display

GIS provides a way to view the world in ways pertinent to a specific industry or topic.

GIS maps Are interactive Allow for exploration and inquiry Allow you to choose features of interest for

display

GIS provides a way to view the world in ways pertinent to a specific industry or topic.