gis for reservoir management: estimating original gas in place
TRANSCRIPT
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GIS for Reservoir Management: Estimating Original Gas In Place
Jeffrey Vu, M.GIS Candidate Dr. Patrick Kennelly, Advisor
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Outline • Background • Introduction • Objectives • Data • Methods • Results • References • Acknowledgements
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Background • What is reservoir management?
Use of geology and petroleum engineering to forecast and manage the recovery of oil and natural gas (hydrocarbons) in place from a field or a prospect
• Reservoir management plays an important role in the oil and gas industry by evaluating the greatest economic recovery from a reservoir. o Increase oil and gas production o Decrease risk o Maximize recovery and minimize costs
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Reservoir Evaluation • Reserves estimation
o Analogy o Material balance o Production history o Volumetric
• Volumetric methods provide a static measure of hydrocarbons in place
• Easiest method to estimate the reserves • Determine the original hydrocarbons in place
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Introduction • Volumetric estimation is the common technique for geologists to
calculate hydrocarbons in place based on geologic mapping and reservoir engineering data.
http://discoverygeo.com/Papers/Reservoir%20Eng%20for%20Geos%203.pdf
MMCF: Million Cubic Feet
OGIP: Original Gas In Place
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History and current process • Determine reservoir gas in place using BASIC programming language
BASIC (standing for Beginner's All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code)
Cranmer, John L.: “BASIC Reservoir Engineering Manual”, PennWell (1982) 24-25.
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History and current process (cont.) Calculate original gas in place using Excel
http://petroleumsupport.com/volume-reservoir-and-gas-reserve-calculator-spreadsheet/
Calculate gas in place using Petra
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Current workflow
•Geologists generate net pay, porosity, and water saturation grids
Petra
•PLSS sections •Generate centroids •“Extract Values to
Points” tool
ArcMap •Input data •Calculate OGIP
using formulas
Excel
1320 sq.ft. x 1320 sq.ft. = 40 acres PLSS section (640 acres)
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Objectives • Create a workflow using tools in ArcToolbox as a screening workflow to
estimate the Original Gas In Place (OGIP) for the Reservoir Engineers • Streamline the workflow to avoid human error in importing and
exporting data
• Run different scenarios • Estimate the OGIP under different uncertainties and assumptions
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Data
• Exported grids from a geological software program
• Net pay and porosity grids • All input grids must have the same coordinate systems and cell sizes
• Users’ parameters
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Workflow (using ArcGIS)
Water saturation
Porosity
Net pay
Grids exported from Petra
Intersected 40-ac fishnet Average values
1320 sq.ft. x 1320 sq.ft. = 40 acres
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Calculate OGIP
OGIP map
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Inputs in ArcMap
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• Reusable workflow to run different scenarios • Python codes to check inputs (grid or constant value)
Is a grid?
Methods
YES
NO
Copy to project’s folder
Create a grid based on net pay & porosity intersected polygon
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
User’s input = 2
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Con (Spatial Analyst) Performs a conditional if/else evaluation on each of the input cells of an input raster
Set raster cell to 0 when VALUE < 0
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Reclassify
Reclassifies or changes the values in a raster
Set raster cells to NoData or 1
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NoData
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Intersect & Fishnet Polygons • Convert all raster datasets to polygon features and intersect with each
other • Create 40 acre fishnet polygons in Python
Water saturation
Porosity
Net pay
Intersected fishnet polygons
1320 sq.ft. x 1320 sq.ft. = 40 acres
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Fishnet polygons
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Python codes
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Zonal Statistics as Table • Create additional fields in the fishnet polygons feature class • Run “Zonal Statistics as Table” tool for all input grids
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Join Tables • Join “Zonal Statistic” tables to fishnet polygons table • Remove join before joining another table
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Calculate Fields • Calculate fields, including OGIP
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OGIP Raster and Contour Lines • Create OGIP centroids • Generate OGIP raster grid • Create OGIP contours
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Layer Symbology • Use layer files to preserve the predefined symbologies
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User Interface
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Results
bcf (billion cubic feet)
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Demo
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Future Development
• Calculate remaining recoverable reserves (Reserves at original conditions – cumulative production)
• Calculate gas reserves (OGIP x Recovery factor)
• Calculate future net revenue
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References • Reservoir Engineering for Geologists
http://discoverygeo.com/Papers/Reservoir%20Eng%20for%20Geos%203.pdf
• Cranmer, John L.: “BASIC Reservoir Engineering Manual”, PennWell (1982) 24-25.
• Volume Reservoir and Gas Reserve Calculator Spreadsheet http://petroleumsupport.com/volume-reservoir-and-gas-reserve-calculator-spreadsheet
• Basic Geology and Volumetric Analyses http://www.petrocenter.com/reservoir/re01.htm
• ArcGIS 10.1 Help http://resources.arcgis.com/en/help/main/10.1/
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Acknowledgements
• Dr. Patrick Kennelly - Professor of Geography, Penn State University • Penn State Online Geospatial Program Instructors • Brian Boulmay – Global Geospatial Data Lead, BP • David Bumbaugh – Reservoir Engineer, BP • Jacob Maggard – Geomatics Team Lead, BP • Tarun Chandrasekhar – Geospatial Data Team Lead, BP
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Questions? Comments?