GIS based software for site and structure

selection for artificial recharge of groundwater

Ritesh Vijay Senior Scientist

ESDM Division, CSIR-NEERI, Nagpur

r_vijay@neeri.res.in

Environmental Systems Design & Modeling Division

National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur

April 12, 2012

“GIS based Software for

Artificial Recharge of Groundwater”

Input coverages

Contour map

Making Database

Creation of Topogrid Creation of TIN for 3 D View of the Watershed

Edit Input

coverages

Landuse Cover

Rainfall Cover

Input for Soil

cover

Position of Water Table below

ground

Geomorphological

Information of the area

Geological Information

of the area

Drainage

Computation Module

Input coverages

Direction grid of the Watershed Slope grid of the Watershed

Comparison between user and computed Drainage

From Toposheet

Digital Elevation Model

Input coverages

Runoff Flow Computation Module

Q = C*I*A*F Runoff coefficient

(C) mainly depends

on

Landuse

Soil type

Slope class

Slope Landuse Soil

Runoff Grid Intensity Direction Grid

Runoff flow

in

Watershed

Value of Flow at each point of the Watershed

Recharge Zone

Module

Input coverages

Computation of zones and site selection based on

• Weighted Index Overlay Method

• Boolean Logic

In weighted index overlay method, the individual

thematic layers and their classes are assigned

weightage on the basis of their relative contribution

towards the ground water recharge. The classes with

higher values indicate the most favourable zones for

artificial recharge and hence used to demarcate the

suitable zones for artificial recharge.

Suitable zones for Artificial Recharge

Suitable Sites for Artificial Recharge Structures

The exact

location for an

artificial

recharge site,

boolean logic

and

conditional

methods are

employed. The

prime task is to

identify the

criteria and to

formulate the

set of logical

condition to

extract the

suitable sites.

Artificial Recharge Structures suggestion The suitability of artificial recharge structures in a given area computed

by the climatic, topographic, hydrogeologic and landuse conditions.

Climatic conditions - availability of water resources

Topography – extent of runoff and retention

Soil and Landuse – extent of infiltration

Hydrogeologic – potential, existence and accessibility of AR

Topographic slope

Hydrogeologic Group Aquifer Situation

Consolidated Semi Consolidated Un-consolidated

Rainfall Unconfined

Confined Adequate Limited Adequate Limited Adequate Limited

High Slope (20 to 12%)

runoff zone

Bench & Contour Trench

Gully Plug Bench & Contour Trench

Gully Plug Unconfined

Moderate slope (10 to 5 %) Piedment zone

Bench & Contour Trench, Gravity Head, Recharge Well

Nala Bund, Contour Bund, Percolation Tank, Nala Trench, Gravity Head, Recharge Well, Bore Blasting

Bench & Contour Trench, Gravity Head, Recharge Well

Nala Bund, Contour Bund, Percolation Tank, Nala Trench,

G. H. Recharge Well

Ditch & Furrow, Recharge Basin, Pits and Shaft, Contour Trench, G. H. Recharge Well

Recharge Basin, Pits & Shaft, Contour Trench,

G. H. Recharge Well

Unconfined

Structures Suggestion for Artificial

Recharge

Input coverages

REFERENCES

• P.K.Mukherjee, Textbook of Geology, World Press Publications, Inc., New York, 1995.

•American Society of Civil Engineers – Hydrology Handbook 2nd Edition, Green Ampt Parameters,

1993. •K.R Dixit, Vishwas .S. Kale, M.N.Kaul, India Geomorphological Diversity, Rawat Publications,

1994. •Glenn. O.Schwab, Delmar. D.Fangmeier and William. J.Elliot, Soil and water Management System •T.D.Biswas , S.K.Mukherjee, Text book of Soil Science 2nd Edition,Tata Mcgraw Hill ,1995.

•Environmental System Research Institute, Inc, ARC/INFO User’s Guide, AML Programming, 1992

•Environmental System Research Institute, Inc, ARC/INFO User’s Guide, Understanding GIS, 1992

•Environmental System Research Institute, Inc, ARC/INFO User’s Guide, Arcplot User’s Guide,

1992

•Environmental System Research Institute, Inc, ARC/INFO User’s Guide, Arcedit User’s Guide,

1992 •Environmental System Research Institute, Inc, ARC/INFO User’s Guide, Map Display & Query,

1992 Environmental System Research Institute, Inc, ARC/INFO User’s Guide, Cell-based Modeling with

Grid, 1992