gis and survey maps have completely different purposes
TRANSCRIPT
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Deceptively SimilarSurvey and GIS Maps
Have Different Purposes
WAURISA 2011
1
Holly Glaser
MappaMundiGIS
Tim Griffin
Tyee Surveyors
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GIS and Surveyors Make Maps,
But thats just Part of the job
2
Maps are the Intersection of GIS and Surveying
Scaled Representation of Features in a Landscape
Coordinate System
Oriented in Space & Time
Title, Author, Source, Legend
| MappaMundiGIS & Tyee Surveyors 5/11/2011
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WA State defines surveying in RCW 18.43
2011-04-213
(9) "Practice of land surveying" means assuming
responsible charge of the surveying of land for the
establishment ofcorners, lines, boundaries, and monuments, the lay
ing out and subdivision of land, the defining and locating of corners, lines,b
oundaries, andmonuments of land after they have been established, the survey of land areas for the purpose ofdetermining the topogra
phy thereof, the making of topographical delineations and thepreparing
ofmaps and accurate records thereof, when the proper performance of such services requires technical knowledge and skill.
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Survey Evidence:
Process,
Research,
Result
Requirements
Practice &
Survey
Records
Surveyors are Part of the Legal System
2011-04-214
WA PLSLicenseBoard
Test/
License
Standards
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GIS Specialist Duties
2011-04-215
To oversee all activities related to the design,
provision, development and maintenance of
the City's geographic information system to
maintain the integrity, security and reliability
of the City's spatial data and to develop and
implement policies and procedures to guidethe operation of the City's GIS program.
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GIS
Experience
ProfessionalTraining & Service
GIS Puts Information In the Place
Where It Belongs
2011-04-216
Software
CertificationsCertifications
GIS
Community
Practice
?
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Ancient Origins of Surveying
Territory | Conflict |Law | War | Neighbors | Judges | Witness
2011-04-217
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2011-04-218
Cursed is the.Deuteronomy
} An area inhabited anddefended by anindividual animal or a
breeding group of
animals
} The geographicaldomain under the
jurisdiction of apolitical unit, especiallyof a sovereign state
Place Matters
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The Old Land Boundary Problem
Land: Means of Existence Resources For Survival
2011-04-219
} Survival happens when
people are living in a place
where they can find ormake shelter, gather or
grow food, and live in
peace long enough to raise
a family.} Continuing for
generations.
} Land area resources are
limited.
} Great success brings a
growing population too
large to survive on the old
home turf.
} The growing populationneeds more resources to
support everyone..
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Expanding Territories
2011-04-2110
Success and Boundary
Disputes
Risky
Lethal
Common
Solution:
Survey System
Social Engineering
MeasuringTechnology
Recording Method
Public Trust
Clear BoundariesSafe Records
Accepted Standards
Enforcement
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2011-04-2111
Like two parties with
their measuring rods
arguing over the boundary
stones in a shared field,
contending in that narrow
strip for their rights, so the
battlements divided them.
Homer, the Iliad
Boundary Enforcement
Cursed is he whomoves his neighbours
boundary mark
Deuteronomy 27:17.
"The princes of Judah
have become like those whowould move a boundary. O
n them I will pour out
My Wrath. - Hosea 5:10.
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Accuracy, Error, Measurement,
Datum & Why
GIS Data? I wouldnt use it to set boundaries.
2011-04-2112
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Different Kinds Of Location
2011-04-2113
Geographic Coordinates
} Geometric Model
applied to Earth
PLSS:
Distance less distorted than
Shape or Position
Cant tile a
sphere with
squares
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About Your Data
GIS View of Data Survey View of Data
2011-04-2114
} I dont care who made thedataset. metadata lets me
know if this dataset is OKfor this project.
} Its the analysis that isimportant
} Did I think of all the factors?
Is this what the customerwanted to know. Is this the
best data and bestprocedure? Like the map?
} Research
} Verification
} Prior field work} Deeds
} Before field data collectionbegins all research must becompleted and verified.
} Verify datum, monuments} My professional standing is
related to the quality of dataon maps released under myPLS stamp.
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RULE OF LAW
Evidence ofOwnership
Disputes
Control ofLand
Ownership ofLand
2011-04-2115
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Worst Nightmares of GIS, Survey
GIS Survey
2011-04-2116
} The groundwater is
moving the other way!
} They changed the
standards? When?
} Doing a terrible analysis
with a result that could be
harmful because you were
not careful.
} We worked on the wrong
parcel?
} Didnt read all of the legal
description, just noticed
except for the last 10 ft
from each boundary line
} Started at the wrongmonument
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GIS is general purpose
An Entire System of Geographic Information
2011-04-2117
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Close to the Truth
2011-04-2118
Survey
}All errors from using the
instruments to collect
data have been
corrected as far aspossible. Now I have a
measurement of the
boundary line length.
GIS
Hello function, go to this
segment and tell me
how long it is. Now I
have a measurement ofthe boundary line
length.
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Background
Trainingand
Professional
Experience
Change The
Words We
Use
2011-04-2119
Words have everyday meanings.
Short words are easiest to use andunderstand.
During Training
} Attach new context-specific meaningsto common words.
Gaining Experience} Communicate fluently with other
experts in the field.
} Precise choice of words to improvecommunication.
Result} Communication between experts in
related fields is harder when the samewords are understood differently.
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Sure, I know just what you mean
2011-04-2120
Our Scene
Kickoff Meeting for a Multi-Year Project
ManagerGIS Developer
Project Surveyor
GIS Tech
Database AdministratorHR Observer
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Lets Update the Highway Mileposts
2011-04-2121
Word Surveyor GIS Tech Database
Admin
GIS
Developer
Manager
Direction N,S,E,W
bearings from
data recorded in
a survey
Geometric
direction
of a GIS
segment
Segment
with a From
point and a
To point
Direction of
increasing
measure in
a linear
referencing
system
Compass
directions:
NEWS
(North, East,
West,
South)
Distance Lineal
measurement
Displayed
by right
clicking on
segment
Loop
L = from
to
LL = L + LL
Last
Segment
End Loop
Value of LL
Depends on
the
coordinate
system and
datum
Commute
length
Line Physicalmanifestation of
a distance and
direction,
occurring either
on the ground
or on a map
Linesegment
Linesegments
which are
connected
A linearfeature
A geometrythat has a
length and
no width.
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At the next meeting..
2011-04-2122
} Were those mileposts locationsverified on the ground. Is thedatabase really accurate?
} Should we put out and RFP fornew markers?
} We started to measure but what
line did you want marked? Wewerent sure- is that the centerline?Or the Fogline?
} What about dual carriageways
} Or did you want traffic lanecenterlines?
} The accuracy is not that importantas long as we can locate a car.
} Oops, We need to redo thedistances- they are fromgeographic coordinates but werenot reprojected to State PlaneWest so the highways measurelocations are all wrong.
} We looked at the as builts, is thisthe right datum and is the accuracygood enough for the project?
} I have to make sure the data weare using is right. Its part of thelicense and Im not comfortablewith how you got this data in thefirst place or sure your data isreliable enough to warrant itsaccuracy. I can verify it for you, butthats going to take a real budget.
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Survey Data and Uses
Survey Data Applications Users of Survey Data
2011-04-2123
} Building Structures that
stay up.
} Create Legal Records
} Make Land Use Plans
} Create Maps
} Spatial Analysis Results
} Builders
} Surveyors
} Land Use Planners
} Tax Collectors
} Military Planners} Buyers and Sellers