gis and environmental data

GIS and Environmental Data:GIS and Environmental Data:

Better Decisions through Effective Better Decisions through Effective Management, Visualization, and AnalysisManagement, Visualization, and Analysis

GIS and Environmental Data:GIS and Environmental Data:

Better Decisions through Effective Better Decisions through Effective Management, Visualization, and AnalysisManagement, Visualization, and Analysis

Scot D. Weaver, MSCEScot D. Weaver, MSCE

August 2002August 2002

GIS and Environmental Data: Better Decisions through Effective Management, Visualization, and Analysis

Our Polluted PastOur Polluted Past Protecting Our EnvironmentProtecting Our Environment The Data Management ProblemThe Data Management Problem Solving the Data Management ProblemSolving the Data Management Problem Environmental Data in ArcGISEnvironmental Data in ArcGIS Case StudiesCase Studies

AgendaAgendaAgendaAgenda

Our Polluted PastOur Polluted PastOur Polluted PastOur Polluted Past

http://www.tnrcc.state.tx.us/permitting/remed/superfund/register/pix0001b.jpg

A Familiar Example:A Familiar Example:A Familiar Example:A Familiar Example:

Love CanalLove CanalLove CanalLove Canal

A Familiar Example: Love Canal

Protecting our Environment: USAProtecting our Environment: USAProtecting our Environment: USAProtecting our Environment: USA

1970: US Environmental Protection Agency formed1970: US Environmental Protection Agency formed 1980: CERCLA, or “Superfund” enacted1980: CERCLA, or “Superfund” enacted Fund of $1.6B for cleaning up abandoned and Fund of $1.6B for cleaning up abandoned and hazardous waste siteshazardous waste sites Required responsible parties to clean up releases of Required responsible parties to clean up releases of hazardous substanceshazardous substances

Protecting our Environment: USA

http://www.epa.gov/

Protecting our Environment: Hong KongProtecting our Environment: Hong KongProtecting our Environment: Hong KongProtecting our Environment: Hong Kong

1.6M+ m1.6M+ m33 of waste flow into Victoria Harbour daily. of waste flow into Victoria Harbour daily. Water quality in Repulse Bay 52x worse than Water quality in Repulse Bay 52x worse than European standards.European standards.

In early 1970s…In early 1970s…

Protecting our Environment: Hong Kong GIS and Environmental Data

Protecting our Environment: Hong KongProtecting our Environment: Hong KongProtecting our Environment: Hong KongProtecting our Environment: Hong Kong

1974: Environmental Resources Ltd. commissioned 1974: Environmental Resources Ltd. commissioned to investigate need for environmental controlsto investigate need for environmental controls 1975: Environment Branch1975: Environment Branch 1977: Environmental Protection Unit1977: Environmental Protection Unit 1981: Environmental Protection Agency1981: Environmental Protection Agency 1986: Environmental Protection Department1986: Environmental Protection Department

Protecting our Environment: Hong KongProtecting our Environment: Hong Kong

Protecting our Environment: SingaporeProtecting our Environment: SingaporeProtecting our Environment: SingaporeProtecting our Environment: Singapore

In 1960s-1970s…In 1960s-1970s…

……Singapore confronts air/water/waste disposal issues.Singapore confronts air/water/waste disposal issues.

Protecting our Environment: SingaporeProtecting our Environment: Singapore

Protecting our Environment: SingaporeProtecting our Environment: SingaporeProtecting our Environment: SingaporeProtecting our Environment: Singapore

1972: Ministry of the Environment1972: Ministry of the Environment 1980: Major policy review leads to Singapore green 1980: Major policy review leads to Singapore green plan “Toward a Model Green City”plan “Toward a Model Green City” 1990: National Council on the Environment1990: National Council on the Environment 1992: UN Conf. on Environment and Development1992: UN Conf. on Environment and Development 1995: Singapore Environment Council1995: Singapore Environment Council 2002: National Environment Agency2002: National Environment Agency

Protecting our Environment: SingaporeProtecting our Environment: Singapore

http://app.nea.gov.sg/default.asp

Protecting our EnvironmentProtecting our EnvironmentProtecting our EnvironmentProtecting our Environment

Wherever we are, environmental regulations require Wherever we are, environmental regulations require us to reduce and eliminate contamination.us to reduce and eliminate contamination.

DrillingDrilling CPT/GeophysicalCPT/Geophysical Well InstallationWell Installation ExcavationExcavation Field AnalysesField Analyses Lab AnalysesLab Analyses OtherOther

Protecting our EnvironmentProtecting our Environment

Protecting our EnvironmentProtecting our EnvironmentProtecting our EnvironmentProtecting our Environment

Each activity produces data which must be managed!Each activity produces data which must be managed!

Protecting our EnvironmentProtecting our Environment

Hamilton Army AirfieldHamilton Army AirfieldHamilton Army AirfieldHamilton Army Airfield

Hamilton ArmyHamilton ArmyAirfieldAirfield

25 mi. N of San Francisco25 mi. N of San Francisco Novato, Marin County, CANovato, Marin County, CA Average elevation of –5 feetAverage elevation of –5 feet

Hamilton Army AirfieldHamilton Army Airfield

Hamilton Army AirfieldHamilton Army AirfieldHamilton Army AirfieldHamilton Army Airfield

Built in 1930s; bomber/fighter baseBuilt in 1930s; bomber/fighter base The most modern military facility of its timeThe most modern military facility of its time In operation until 1974; closed in 1976In operation until 1974; closed in 1976 Surplused by the US military and officially Surplused by the US military and officially

vacated in 1995.vacated in 1995.

Hamilton Army AirfieldHamilton Army Airfield

Former garbage dump in low-lying areaFormer garbage dump in low-lying area Approximately 15 acres, with impermeable cap Approximately 15 acres, with impermeable cap

of about 26 acresof about 26 acres

““Landfill” 26Landfill” 26““Landfill” 26Landfill” 26““Landfill” 26Landfill” 26

Initial investigation showed that Landfill 26 Initial investigation showed that Landfill 26 was non-methanogenicwas non-methanogenic

Subsequent monitoring has found sporadic Subsequent monitoring has found sporadic methane concentrations beginning in 1998methane concentrations beginning in 1998

““Landfill” 26Landfill” 26““Landfill” 26Landfill” 26““Landfill” 26Landfill” 26

Additional investigation and remediation has Additional investigation and remediation has taken place at the Landfill and in surrounding taken place at the Landfill and in surrounding areasareas

The Data Management ProblemThe Data Management ProblemThe Data Management ProblemThe Data Management Problem

Most data Most data were managed were managed as hard copy, as hard copy, bound reportsbound reports

Some attempts Some attempts to use to use spreadsheets, spreadsheets, databasesdatabases

No GISNo GIS

The Data Management ProblemThe Data Management Problem

Problem 1: Accessing Historical DataProblem 1: Accessing Historical Data

The Data Management ProblemThe Data Management ProblemThe Data Management ProblemThe Data Management ProblemThe Data Management Problem:The Data Management Problem:

Accessing Historical DataAccessing Historical Data

?

Problem 2: Utilizing Historic and Electronic DataProblem 2: Utilizing Historic and Electronic Data


DataBorehole Log

Data Groundwater Modeling

Data Solid Modeling

Data GIS


Problem 3: No Spatial or Integrated AnalysisProblem 3: No Spatial or Integrated Analysis

The Data Management Problem: No Spatial or Integrated AnalysisThe Data Management Problem: No Spatial or Integrated Analysis


Problem 1: Accessing Historical DataProblem 1: Accessing Historical Data Problem 2: Entering/Utilizing Electronic DataProblem 2: Entering/Utilizing Electronic Data Problem 3: No Spatial or Integrated AnalysisProblem 3: No Spatial or Integrated Analysis

Also multiple organizations are often involved in Also multiple organizations are often involved in a specific site project…a specific site project…

Contractors (Field Data)Contractors (Field Data) Analytical LaboratoryAnalytical Laboratory State/Province/Local Environmental AgencyState/Province/Local Environmental Agency National AgenciesNational Agencies

Summarizing the Data Management ProblemSummarizing the Data Management Problem

Data that cannot be usedData that cannot be usedeffectively and efficientlyeffectively and efficiently

are as good as no data at all!are as good as no data at all!


Tendency to manage volumes of paper documents Lack of quality control on data - moving between

different systems/spreadsheets Poor communications between participants Problematic data exchange

The result?The result?The result?The result?

The Data Management The Data Management Problem: The Result?Problem: The Result?

With tools to check & validate dataWith tools to check & validate data

Links to many visualization and analysis toolsLinks to many visualization and analysis tools

That utilizes GIS as a spatial organizational That utilizes GIS as a spatial organizational tool and interface for all elements of the tool and interface for all elements of the systemsystem

Solving the Data Management ProblemSolving the Data Management ProblemSolving the Data Management ProblemSolving the Data Management Problem

What is needed is an integrated data What is needed is an integrated data management system…management system…

What is needed is an integrated data What is needed is an integrated data management system…management system…

Solving Solving the Data the Data ManageManagement ment ProblemProblem

DataData

Proprietary Database

no ‘back-door’ access developer’s schedule cost locked into their tools low/no-volume

Modeling Application

Reporting/Logging Groundwater Modeling Visualization

The Data “Hostage” ScenarioThe Data “Hostage” ScenarioThe Data “Hostage” ScenarioThe Data “Hostage” ScenarioThe Data “Hostage” ScenarioThe Data “Hostage” Scenario

Graphical User Interface/Graphical User Interface/Data Management SystemData Management System

User Interface/DMS

Interface front-end to DB Checking, loading data Reporting, modeling, etc.

DataData Direct DB Access

Customization Queries Build tools/applications

…empowers the User

Open Systems Architecture…Open Systems Architecture…Open Systems Architecture…Open Systems Architecture…Open Systems Architecture….empowers Open Systems Architecture….empowers the Userthe User

EarthSoft’s EarthSoft’s EEnvironmental nvironmental QuQuality ality IInformation nformation SSystemystem

Integrated data management for analytical chemistry, Integrated data management for analytical chemistry, geology, hydrology, and more...geology, hydrology, and more...

Not graphics, but it is integrated with many Not graphics, but it is integrated with many visualization and analysis applicationsvisualization and analysis applications

EQuIS Is...

What is EQuIS?What is EQuIS?What is EQuIS?What is EQuIS?What is EQuIS?What is EQuIS?

ArcView/ArcGISArcView/ArcGIS

EQuISEQuIS

Field Sampling and Data Collection

Electronic Data

Checking

Samples to LaboratoryLaboratory Test Results, QA/QC

The Data Management SystemThe Data Management SystemThe Data Management SystemThe Data Management SystemThe Data Management The Data Management SystemSystem

What is EQuIS for ArcGIS?What is EQuIS for ArcGIS?What is EQuIS for ArcGIS?What is EQuIS for ArcGIS?

Tool that facilitates analysis, visualization, and Tool that facilitates analysis, visualization, and assessment of environmental data in a spatial assessment of environmental data in a spatial environment.environment.

Extension to ESRI’s ArcGIS (also for ArcView 3.x)Extension to ESRI’s ArcGIS (also for ArcView 3.x)

Functions in 2D and 3D environmentsFunctions in 2D and 3D environments

What is EQuIS for ArcGIS?What is EQuIS for ArcGIS?

What is EQuIS for ArcGIS?What is EQuIS for ArcGIS?What is EQuIS for ArcGIS?What is EQuIS for ArcGIS?What is EQuIS for ArcGIS?What is EQuIS for ArcGIS?

EQuIS for ArcGIS: View LithologyEQuIS for ArcGIS: View LithologyEQuIS for ArcGIS: View LithologyEQuIS for ArcGIS: View LithologyEQuIS for ArcGIS: View EQuIS for ArcGIS: View LithologyLithology

Chemical concentrations: In ArcMap using pie chart symbology In 3D Analyst using Multivariate Sphere Multipatches (“beach balls”)

EQuIS for ArcGIS: Contaminant CorrelationEQuIS for ArcGIS: Contaminant CorrelationEQuIS for ArcGIS: Contaminant CorrelationEQuIS for ArcGIS: Contaminant CorrelationEQuIS for ArcGIS: Contaminant CorrelationEQuIS for ArcGIS: Contaminant Correlation

EQuIS for ArcGIS: Contaminant CorrelationEQuIS for ArcGIS: Contaminant CorrelationEQuIS for ArcGIS: Contaminant CorrelationEQuIS for ArcGIS: Contaminant CorrelationEQuIS for ArcGIS: Contaminant EQuIS for ArcGIS: Contaminant CorrelationCorrelation

EQuIS for ArcGIS: 3D FeaturesEQuIS for ArcGIS: 3D FeaturesEQuIS for ArcGIS: 3D FeaturesEQuIS for ArcGIS: 3D FeaturesEQuIS for ArcGIS: 3D FeaturesEQuIS for ArcGIS: 3D Features

Hamilton Army Airfield in ArcMapHamilton Army Airfield in ArcMapHamilton Army Airfield in ArcMapHamilton Army Airfield in ArcMapHamilton Army Airfield in ArcMapHamilton Army Airfield in ArcMap

Landfill 26 Area in ArcMapLandfill 26 Area in ArcMapLandfill 26 Area in ArcMapLandfill 26 Area in ArcMapLandfill 26 Area in ArcMapLandfill 26 Area in ArcMap

Landfill 26 Monitoring LocationsLandfill 26 Monitoring LocationsLandfill 26 Monitoring LocationsLandfill 26 Monitoring LocationsLandfill 26 Monitoring LocationsLandfill 26 Monitoring Locations

Landfill 26 LithologyLandfill 26 LithologyLandfill 26 LithologyLandfill 26 LithologyLandfill 26 LithologyLandfill 26 Lithology

Landfill 26 Borehole Log in gINTLandfill 26 Borehole Log in gINTLandfill 26 Borehole Log in gINTLandfill 26 Borehole Log in gINTLandfill 26 Borehole Log in gINTLandfill 26 Borehole Log in gINT

EQuIS, ArcGIS, & gINTEQuIS, ArcGIS, & gINTEQuIS, ArcGIS, & gINTEQuIS, ArcGIS, & gINT

Intuitive, spatial access to Intuitive, spatial access to geologic/environmental datageologic/environmental data

Context of site features (photos, buildings, etc.)Context of site features (photos, buildings, etc.) Export to gINT or other industry-standard Export to gINT or other industry-standard

borehole log products (i.e. LogPlot)borehole log products (i.e. LogPlot) Report-quality log for engineering designReport-quality log for engineering design

EQuIS, ArcGIS & gINTEQuIS, ArcGIS & gINT

Landfill 26 Locations in GMSLandfill 26 Locations in GMSLandfill 26 Locations in GMSLandfill 26 Locations in GMSLandfill 26 Locations in GMSLandfill 26 Locations in GMS

Landfill 26 Lithology in GMSLandfill 26 Lithology in GMSLandfill 26 Lithology in GMSLandfill 26 Lithology in GMSLandfill 26 Lithology in GMSLandfill 26 Lithology in GMS

Landfill 26 Cross-Sections in GMSLandfill 26 Cross-Sections in GMSLandfill 26 Cross-Sections in GMSLandfill 26 Cross-Sections in GMSLandfill 26 Cross-Sections in GMSLandfill 26 Cross-Sections in GMS

Landfill 26 Cross-Sections in GMSLandfill 26 Cross-Sections in GMSLandfill 26 Cross-Sections in GMSLandfill 26 Cross-Sections in GMSLandfill 26 Cross-Landfill 26 Cross-Sections in GMSSections in GMS

Hydrostratigraphic Probability Model in GMSHydrostratigraphic Probability Model in GMSHydrostratigraphic Probability Model in GMSHydrostratigraphic Probability Model in GMSHydrostratigraphic Probability Model in GMSHydrostratigraphic Probability Model in GMS

EQuIS, ArcGIS, & GMSEQuIS, ArcGIS, & GMSEQuIS, ArcGIS, & GMSEQuIS, ArcGIS, & GMS

Intuitive, spatial access to Intuitive, spatial access to geologic/environmental datageologic/environmental data

Context of site features (photos, buildings, etc.)Context of site features (photos, buildings, etc.) Multiscale geologic interpretationMultiscale geologic interpretation One-click integration with GMSOne-click integration with GMS Solid models, hydrostratigraphic models, Solid models, hydrostratigraphic models,

groundwater models for contaminant fate and groundwater models for contaminant fate and transport studiestransport studies

EQuIS, ArcGIS, & GMSEQuIS, ArcGIS, & GMS

North

Up Gradient

Down Gradient

Groundwater Contour in SurferGroundwater Contour in SurferGroundwater Contour in SurferGroundwater Contour in SurferGroundwater Contour in SurferGroundwater Contour in Surfer

Topography in Surfer, shown in 3D AnalystTopography in Surfer, shown in 3D AnalystTopography in Surfer, shown in 3D AnalystTopography in Surfer, shown in 3D AnalystTopography in Surfer, shown in 3D Topography in Surfer, shown in 3D AnalystAnalyst

EQuIS, ArcGIS, & SurferEQuIS, ArcGIS, & SurferEQuIS, ArcGIS, & SurferEQuIS, ArcGIS, & Surfer

Automated creation of contours, grids, vector Automated creation of contours, grids, vector mapsmaps

Display in ArcMap (2D) and 3D Analyst (3D)Display in ArcMap (2D) and 3D Analyst (3D) Map or photo may be draped on 3D gridMap or photo may be draped on 3D grid

Facilitates understanding of land surface, Facilitates understanding of land surface, groundwater flow, contaminant migrationgroundwater flow, contaminant migration

EQuIS, ArcGIS, & SurferEQuIS, ArcGIS, & Surfer

Landfill 26 Methane in Residential AreaLandfill 26 Methane in Residential AreaLandfill 26 Methane in Residential AreaLandfill 26 Methane in Residential AreaLandfill Landfill 26 26 Methane Methane in in ResidentiResidential Areaal Area

Landfill 26 Relative Gas MapLandfill 26 Relative Gas MapLandfill 26 Relative Gas MapLandfill 26 Relative Gas MapLandfill Landfill 26 26 Relative Relative Gas MapGas Map

EQuIS & ArcGISEQuIS & ArcGISEQuIS & ArcGISEQuIS & ArcGIS

Perform analyses in ArcMap or 3D Analyst

Visually detect trends/problems with data not readily noticeable when viewing tables or reports

Produce contaminant maps for site Produce contaminant maps for site characterizationcharacterization

Monitor flow of landfill gas or groundwater Monitor flow of landfill gas or groundwater contaminationcontamination

Assess effectiveness of remedial implementationAssess effectiveness of remedial implementation

EQuIS & ArcGISEQuIS & ArcGIS

Case Study #2Case Study #2Case Study #2Case Study #2

Central & Southern Florida ProjectCentral & Southern Florida ProjectCentral & Southern Florida ProjectCentral & Southern Florida Project

Case Study #2: Central Case Study #2: Central & Southern Florida & Southern Florida ProjectProject

Central & Southern Florida ProjectCentral & Southern Florida ProjectCentral & Southern Florida ProjectCentral & Southern Florida Project

1850 – “Swamp and Overflowed Lands Act”1850 – “Swamp and Overflowed Lands Act” By 1921, 2,000 people inhabited ‘lake’ regionsBy 1921, 2,000 people inhabited ‘lake’ regions

Central & Central & Southern Southern Florida Florida ProjectProject

Hurricanes in ’26 and ’28 killed thousands, Hurricanes in ’26 and ’28 killed thousands, destroyed much propertydestroyed much property

Central & Southern Florida ProjectCentral & Southern Florida ProjectCentral & Southern Florida ProjectCentral & Southern Florida ProjectCentral & Southern Florida ProjectCentral & Southern Florida Project

1947 – 100” rainfall and two more hurricanes 1947 – 100” rainfall and two more hurricanes brought 90% of SE Florida under waterbrought 90% of SE Florida under water

$59M damage$59M damage


June 30, 1948 – Central & Southern Florida June 30, 1948 – Central & Southern Florida (C&SF) Project(C&SF) Project

“improve flood control, water level control, water conservation, prevention of salt water intrusion,

and the preservation of fish and wildlife”


Construction began in 1950Construction began in 1950 ~2,000 miles of levees and canals, 30 pumping ~2,000 miles of levees and canals, 30 pumping

stations, many locks, bridges, other structuresstations, many locks, bridges, other structures

C&SFC&SFWasWas

AASuccess!Success!


C&SF also caused tremendous ecological damage C&SF also caused tremendous ecological damage to the Evergladesto the Everglades 70% decrease in water flow70% decrease in water flow Poor water qualityPoor water quality Reduction, extinction in some cases, of plant Reduction, extinction in some cases, of plant

and animal speciesand animal species

Now, a new project on the horizon…Now, a new project on the horizon…

Central & Southern Florida ProjectCentral & Southern Florida ProjectCentral & Southern Florida ProjectCentral & Southern Florida ProjectCentral & Southern Central & Southern Florida ProjectFlorida Project

Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Project Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Project (CERP)(CERP) 20 years20 years $8 billion$8 billion Maintain flood protection while restoring Maintain flood protection while restoring

ecological health to 2.4+ million acresecological health to 2.4+ million acres


50 years of C&SF has generated immense 50 years of C&SF has generated immense quantities of data (hydrologic, geotechnical)quantities of data (hydrologic, geotechnical)

Is the Is the data data

usable?usable?


Jacksonville District needed an electronic data Jacksonville District needed an electronic data management system:management system:

gINT

CADD

WebBrowser

GMS

FutureApps

DatabaseMirror

Relational Database(SQL/ODBCcompliant)

Firewall

Shell for:TranslatorsSecurityLockout

GIS (Arc)


US Army Corps of Engineers Jacksonville US Army Corps of Engineers Jacksonville District chose EQuIS to manage C&SF dataDistrict chose EQuIS to manage C&SF data

Pilot project populated with borehole, well, Pilot project populated with borehole, well, lithology datalithology data

Ultimately will make decades of data accessible Ultimately will make decades of data accessible for future restoration workfor future restoration work



South Weymouth Naval Air StationSouth Weymouth Naval Air StationSouth Weymouth Naval Air StationSouth Weymouth Naval Air Station

Case Study #3: South Weymouth Naval Air StationCase Study #3: South Weymouth Naval Air Station

South Weymouth Naval Air StationSouth Weymouth Naval Air StationSouth Weymouth Naval Air StationSouth Weymouth Naval Air Station

US Navy Airfield in use 1955-1972US Navy Airfield in use 1955-1972

In May 1994, placed on National Priorities ListIn May 1994, placed on National Priorities List

Air station closed September 30, 1997Air station closed September 30, 1997

Phase I identified 94 potential environmental Phase I identified 94 potential environmental concernsconcerns

53 item areas to receive further investigation 53 item areas to receive further investigation (analytical data collection)(analytical data collection)

South Weymouth Naval South Weymouth Naval Air StationAir Station

Soil, groundwater, surface water, sediment data Soil, groundwater, surface water, sediment data collectedcollected

Over 100,000 analytical results loaded and Over 100,000 analytical results loaded and validatedvalidated

South Weymouth Naval Air StationSouth Weymouth Naval Air StationSouth Weymouth Naval Air StationSouth Weymouth Naval Air StationSouth Weymouth Naval South Weymouth Naval Air StationAir Station

Output:Output: Well construction diagrams created by Well construction diagrams created by

exporting data from EQuIS to LogPlotexporting data from EQuIS to LogPlot

Summary tables and reportsSummary tables and reports

ArcView project for spatial analysis and ArcView project for spatial analysis and presentationpresentation

Summary data presented using ArcIMSSummary data presented using ArcIMS

South Weymouth Naval Air StationSouth Weymouth Naval Air StationSouth Weymouth Naval Air StationSouth Weymouth Naval Air StationSouth Weymouth Naval Air StationSouth Weymouth Naval Air Station


Camp RipleyCamp RipleyCamp RipleyCamp Ripley

Case Study #4: Camp RipleyCase Study #4: Camp Ripley

Camp RipleyCamp RipleyCamp RipleyCamp Ripley

State-of-the-art military training facilityState-of-the-art military training facility

53,000 acres west of Mississippi53,000 acres west of Mississippi

Primary winter training site in USPrimary winter training site in US

Camp RipleyCamp Ripley

Integrated Natural Resource Management Plan Integrated Natural Resource Management Plan (INRMP)(INRMP) ConservationConservation EcosystemEcosystem ForestForest Wild LifeWild Life Land UseLand Use PestsPests

A more robust solution needed for environmental A more robust solution needed for environmental concerns and proactive water resourcesconcerns and proactive water resources

Camp RipleyCamp RipleyCamp RipleyCamp RipleyCamp RipleyCamp Ripley

DMA contracted with University of Minnesota DMA contracted with University of Minnesota

Plan for management of geologic, analytical, water Plan for management of geologic, analytical, water chemistry value:chemistry value: Core database systemCore database system User interface for accessing, managing dataUser interface for accessing, managing data Integration with modeling and analysis toolsIntegration with modeling and analysis tools GIS componentGIS component

Comprehensive Water Management Plan Comprehensive Water Management Plan (CWMP), founded on EQuIS(CWMP), founded on EQuIS


Three-phase implementation proposed:Three-phase implementation proposed:

PHASE IPHASE I

Compile historic data into standard formatCompile historic data into standard format

Construct computer modelsConstruct computer models

Establish the framework for building the Establish the framework for building the Comprehensive Water Management PlanComprehensive Water Management Plan


Three-phase implementation proposed:Three-phase implementation proposed:

PHASE IPHASE I

PHASE IIPHASE II

Enhance the data set providing controlEnhance the data set providing control

Refine computer flow modelsRefine computer flow models


PHASE IPHASE I

PHASE IIPHASE II

PHASE IIIPHASE III

Water Management ToolsWater Management Tools EQuIS ArcView User Interface Applications Groundwater and Surface Water Sensitivity/

Vulnerability Models Semi-automation of report and permit applications Water Quality Sampling Plans

Camp RipleyCamp RipleyCamp RipleyCamp RipleyCamp Camp RipleyRipley

Phase I - Database DevelopmentPhase I - Database Development

60+ Reports Reviewed and Cataloged60+ Reports Reviewed and Cataloged

250+ Environmental Borings and Well Logs 250+ Environmental Borings and Well Logs InvestigatedInvestigated

275+ Well Logs Surrounding Camp Ripley 275+ Well Logs Surrounding Camp Ripley InputInput

3000+ Analytical Results3000+ Analytical Results

Camp RipleyCamp RipleyCamp RipleyCamp RipleyCamp Ripley: Phase ICamp Ripley: Phase I

ArcView GISDisplaying

Geologic Data

GEOLOGICDATABASE

Geology/HydrostratigraphyGeology/Hydrostratigraphy

Driller’s Description Hydrostratigraphic Interpretation

Geology/HydrostratigraphyGeology/Hydrostratigraphy

Solids Modeling in GMSSolids Modeling in GMS

Solids Modeling in GMSSolids Modeling in GMS

CHEMISTRYDATABASE

Queryand

Display

Existing Site

Pro

pose

d E

xp

an

sion

• Groundwater Flow

• Depth to Water Table

• Geology

Norm

andy

Roa

d

Cody R

oad

M-Range

Groundwater Flow: Potentiometric DataGroundwater Flow: Potentiometric Data

North

ProposedLandfarmExpansion

Up Gradient

Down Gradient

Groundwater Flow: Potentiometric DataGroundwater Flow: Potentiometric Data

1180

1180

1210

1

4

2, 3

Camp Ripley: What Does it Mean?Camp Ripley: What Does it Mean?

Using GIS and proactive management Using GIS and proactive management strategies will allow better decisions at strategies will allow better decisions at

lower cost.lower cost.

Camp Camp Ripley: Ripley: What What Does it Does it Mean?Mean?


Colorado Dept. of Public HealthColorado Dept. of Public HealthAnd Environment:And Environment:

Municipal Solid Waste LandfillMunicipal Solid Waste Landfill


Municipal Solid Waste LandfillMunicipal Solid Waste Landfill

Case Study #5: Case Study #5: Municipal Solid Waste Municipal Solid Waste LandfillLandfill

Colorado Site Analysis Management Colorado Site Analysis Management System (SAMS)System (SAMS)

Site 1Site 1

• Unlined municipal solid waste landfillUnlined municipal solid waste landfill• In operation since 1968In operation since 1968• Northern area 60 acresNorthern area 60 acres• Southern area 259 acres (future expansion)Southern area 259 acres (future expansion)• Groundwater monitoring system installed in 1990Groundwater monitoring system installed in 1990

Site 1Site 1

Site 1Site 1

• MW-4A background well: upgradient water qualityMW-4A background well: upgradient water quality• MW-2 compliance well: downgradient water qualityMW-2 compliance well: downgradient water quality

Site 1Site 1

Site 1Site 1

• Natural ponding started around MW-3 in October 1995Natural ponding started around MW-3 in October 1995• Retention pond created in 1996Retention pond created in 1996• East cell capped in November 1997East cell capped in November 1997

Site 1Site 1

Site 1Site 1

Site 1Site 1

Site 1Site 1

• In addition to water levels, statistically significant trend of In addition to water levels, statistically significant trend of increasing bicarbonate and other inorganicsincreasing bicarbonate and other inorganics

• Theory that capping restricted from escaping to atmosphere, Theory that capping restricted from escaping to atmosphere, forced into new migration path; proposed extraction systemforced into new migration path; proposed extraction system

Site 1Site 1

Site 1Site 1

• MW-9 installed, September 1998MW-9 installed, September 1998• MW-10 installed, September 1998MW-10 installed, September 1998• Elevated organics have not been found in MW-9Elevated organics have not been found in MW-9

Site 1Site 1

Site 1Site 1

EQuISEQuIS

In 1998, all available geologic and chemistry data were loaded into EQuISIn 1998, all available geologic and chemistry data were loaded into EQuIS

• For GIS, topos and aerial photos were obtained.For GIS, topos and aerial photos were obtained.

• Geospatial locations obtained with GPSGeospatial locations obtained with GPS

……more more sophisticated sophisticated

temporal, temporal, chemical, and chemical, and

geologic depiction geologic depiction of the siteof the site

Site 1Site 1

Site 1Site 1Geologic cross-section...Geologic cross-section...

• verified alluvium verified alluvium underlying stream system underlying stream system created area of high created area of high permeabilitypermeability

• MW-9 across channel MW-9 across channel from MW-2, and not directly from MW-2, and not directly downgradientdowngradient

Site 1: Geologic Cross-SectionSite 1: Geologic Cross-Section

Site 1Site 1

Observations:Observations:

• After capping, water levels start to decreaseAfter capping, water levels start to decrease

• Observed that bicarbonate concentrations increased with water levels, but did Observed that bicarbonate concentrations increased with water levels, but did not decrease in the same mannernot decrease in the same manner

• Organics increase at final capping, start to drop with gas extractionOrganics increase at final capping, start to drop with gas extraction

Site 1: ObservationsSite 1: Observations

Site 1Site 1

Conclusions:Conclusions:

1. Elevated bicarbonate concentrations not related to capping, but 1. Elevated bicarbonate concentrations not related to capping, but to water levels. Increase in alkalinity is often observed where water to water levels. Increase in alkalinity is often observed where water levels rise above previous saturated zone.levels rise above previous saturated zone.

2. Methylene Chloride, other organics not directly related to rise in 2. Methylene Chloride, other organics not directly related to rise in water levels.water levels.

3. Gas extraction system effectively decreasing organic 3. Gas extraction system effectively decreasing organic concentrations.concentrations.

4. Use of integrated data management system brings into question 4. Use of integrated data management system brings into question the usefulness of data from MW-9.the usefulness of data from MW-9.

Site 1: ConclusionsSite 1: Conclusions



Metal Plating ShopMetal Plating Shop


Metal Plating ShopMetal Plating Shop

Case Study #6: Metal Case Study #6: Metal Plating ShopPlating Shop

Site 2Site 2

• Defunct metal plating shopDefunct metal plating shop• Out of compliance with numerous regulationsOut of compliance with numerous regulations• Closed by EPA in early 1990sClosed by EPA in early 1990s• 100 yards of soil removed to eliminate source100 yards of soil removed to eliminate source• 2 monitoring wells installed, which showed cyanide and metals2 monitoring wells installed, which showed cyanide and metals

Site 2Site 2

Site 2Site 2

• Not known if all contaminated material removedNot known if all contaminated material removed• Possibility that chemicals moving into nearby streamPossibility that chemicals moving into nearby stream• Stream flowed into a river just below the siteStream flowed into a river just below the site• Municipal drinking water intake serving 30,000 peopleMunicipal drinking water intake serving 30,000 people• Drinking water well within 90 feet of propertyDrinking water well within 90 feet of property

Site 2Site 2

Site 2Site 2

Questions:Questions:

1. Was groundwater flowing towards stream?1. Was groundwater flowing towards stream?

2. Was contaminated groundwater influencing water quality?2. Was contaminated groundwater influencing water quality?

3. Was drinking water intake in jeopardy? Well affected?3. Was drinking water intake in jeopardy? Well affected?

GIS project constructed and sampling plan developed:GIS project constructed and sampling plan developed:

• 11 monitoring wells and 9 borings installed11 monitoring wells and 9 borings installed• Groundwater and surface water samples takenGroundwater and surface water samples taken• Monitoring well elevations determined by survey, locations by GPSMonitoring well elevations determined by survey, locations by GPS• Lithology, well completion data, water levels loaded into EQuISLithology, well completion data, water levels loaded into EQuIS

Site 2: QuestionsSite 2: Questions

Site 2Site 2

Results:Results:

1. Cross-sections showed bedrock high, which influenced flow1. Cross-sections showed bedrock high, which influenced flow2. High prohibited groundwater flow towards stream2. High prohibited groundwater flow towards stream3. Although there was residual contamination, study showed that 3. Although there was residual contamination, study showed that further remedial action was unnecessary.further remedial action was unnecessary.

Site 2: Site 2: ResultsResults

http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/geosurvey/images/geofacts/no1c.gif

In ConclusionIn ConclusionIn ConclusionIn Conclusion

Many contaminated sites have a long history of environmental activities, and have generated large amounts of data.

In the past, the only option for putting all the pieces together was time-consuming, expensive, and manual.

When non-integrated software was used, it required entry of the same data many times.

Implementing EQuIS & GIS allows truly integrated analysis and evaluation, resulting in better decisions and more efficient response.

In ConclusionIn Conclusion

Thank You!Thank You!Thank You!Thank You!

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gis and environmental data

Technology

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