Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

ARCHITECTURE AND FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS OF DISTRIBUTION

AND TRANSMISSION CONTROL SYSTEMS TO ENABLE AND EXPLOIT

ACTIVE DEMAND

Giovanni Valtorta et alii– Italy – Session 5 – Paper 1171

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

ADDRESS PROJECTADDRESS (“Active Distribution networks with full integration of Demand and distributed energy RESourceS”) is a 4-year large-scale R&D project launched in June 2008 receiving funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Program(FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n° 207643.

Scope: to deliver a comprehensive commercial and technical framework for the development of “Active Demand” (AD) in the smart grids of the future.

ADDRESS is about enabling the active participation of domestic and small commercial consumers in power system markets and in the provision of services to different power system players.

The customers’ flexibility is offered to the energy market through Aggregators

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

System Operators and Active DemandThe ADDRESS project deals with the electricity consumption flexibilities of domestic and small commercial consumers, including the flexibilities of micro-generation and storage that may bepresent at their premises.

The behavior of customers can be different from expected and the providers of AD products could be concentrated in such a way to determine network violations

In this framework SOs have to ensure, anyway, a reliable operation of their networks.

SOs control systems have to be upgraded introducing new functions to enable and exploit AD business

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

DSO Functional Architecture

Three main Control Levels:

1. DSO Control Centre

2. HV/MV substation

3. MV/LV substation

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

1. DSO Control Centre Level

DSO functions to enable and exploit AD business

1. Location information2. Flexibility table3. AD products validation4. AD product recording5. Coordination with TSO6. Forecast tools7. Distribution State

Estimation8. Volt/Var control9. Decision making

process to buy AD

Active Demand Management System

Market Tools

Distribution Management System new functions

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

2. HV/MV substation level

Voltage Regulation/Power Flow Control

Centralised/decentralised functions

New functionalities for the primary substation devices

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

3. MV/LV substation level

Measurement equipment (sensors, transducers, auxiliaries,…).

RTU, in order to send and to receive data to/from the upper levels and

receive data from the lower level.

MV/LV intelligence in order to control part or the whole underlying LV

network.

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

TSO simplified Functional Architecture

TSO: Transmission System Operator DSO: Distribution System Operator

EMS: Energy Manage ment System SCADA: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

RTU: Remote Terminal Unit AVR: Automatic Voltage Regulator

MARKETS AND CONTRACTS

of services

MARKETS AND CONTRACTS

Primary secondary

tertiary reserve. Eventual

reactive power market

DSO

AGGREGATOR Different levels of optimization

AGGREGATOR Different levels of

optimization and

aggregation

EMS

EMS

Different levels

- Existing tools

- Flexibility Table Computation

- Flexibility Table Publication

- Referen ce signals provision

- Coordination with the DSO

Other Information systems

TSO CENTRAL CONTROL LEVEL

SCADA

Different levels - Data Acquisition

- Data Analysis

- Telecontrol System

Market Tools Different levels - Existing or

adapted tools

AVR AVR

Sensors and

auxiliaries

HV/MV substation

MV Controller

LOCAL INTELLIGENCE

RTU

IED

Many functionalities needed to fulfill the AD requirements are already available.

The new ones are:- Location information (macro

load area)- Flexibility Table computation- AD products validation- Coordination with DSO

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

DSO and Active Demand DSO provides services to enable AD Business:

1. Location information

2. Flexibility table

3. AD products validation

DSO buys AD products for network operation:

1. Calculate AD need to solve network problems

2. Decision making process

ADDRESS developed algorithms and prototypes to allow DSO to perform these functions

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

DSO: Location information provision (1)

• Group of consumers “equivalent” from network operation point of view;

• Part or whole LV lines, one or more MV/LV substations, MV feeders, busbars...

Load areas:

Service localization Technical validationMacro Load Areas: aimed for

the TSO needs

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

DSO: Flexibility Table Pubblication (2)

DSO network and historical measurement

database

DSO algorithms and

processes

TSO coordination

DSO FT

TSO algorithms and processes

TSO FT

AREA CODE Maximum Flexibility up Maximum Flexibility down Payback allowed

Macro Area i 500 kW 100 kW n.d.

Macro Area j 200kW

Macro Area k

Load Area i 50 kW 10 kW

Load Area j

Load Area k

Available to market players

• Definition based on DSO/TSO needs

• Values given at load area level

• No DSO/TSO commitment,

guidelines for facilitating approval

• Periodically updated by DSO/TSO

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011

DSO: AD products validation (3)Technical Validation needs:

Ensure coordination between

DSO and TSO

Ensure stability of the services

provided by DSO and TSO

How is the technical validation process established?• Interaction between Aggregator and DSO/TSO on service activation: Approval needed• The flexibility table, periodically updated by DSO/TSO, for helping the market players to

formulate their bids• The need for regulation in order to establish a transparent and non discriminatory

framework