gino m. ansaldi - abpm“maximizing latin america’s perishables potential” gino m....

“Maximizing Latin America’s Perishables Potential”

GINO M. ANSALDISales Manager Latin Americas

Thermo King Marine

Sao Paulo 2014

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• Thermo King developed the first sea going container in 1956

• Thermo Kings 58th year in the container business and 76th in transport refrigeration

• In 1996 introduces Super Freezer for -60 Celsius.

Did You Know? Thermo King Facts

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Present: Shaping a Global IndustryMAGNUM Introduced in 2002

MAGNUM PLUS in 2009

Thermo King is the world leader in transport temperature control

SG - 4000 in 2012 (Full CARB Compliance)

Why you refrigerate?

Refrigeration is the removal of the "heat" throughthe process of evaporation.

Target: We extend the "shelf life", this is the time from

when the product is harvested until the time losesits commercial value.

How we do it? Lowered respiration of the products through

temperature management.

Extended Life Formula

C2H4O + O2 Heat + CO2 + H2O

“Key factor of Perishables produce transportation”

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Good Practices in the farms:Proper land utilization.Appropiate watering or irrigation.Proper fertilizers application and management

Harvesting at the right period per species.Harvest in the right time… early in the morning

“Key factor of Perishables produce previous totransportation”

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PRE COOLING

PACKAGING

TRANSPORTATION

“Reducing pulp and surface temperature soon asharvested the fresh products to reduce respiration and

avoid dehydratation”

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FORCED AIR:COOLING TUNEL OR COLD STORAGE

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HYDROCOOLING: water & cooling

• Efficient heat removal for some products only.• Beneficial to sensitive product to dehumidification.

Another key factor

Preparing the pallet..

48 TO 54 BOXES PERPALLET.

FORCING THE AIR INTO THE BOXES

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The Enemy

The Heat

FORCED CONVECTION

RADIATION

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WHAT AVOID THE HEAT MOVESFROM OUTSIDE TO INSIDE ORVICEVERSA… THE WALLS..

POLYURETHANE FOAM

Principles of refrigeration systems on reefer containers

Evaporator

Digital control valve

injection valve

Condenser coil

Compressor

Controller

Temp Sensor

How a REEFER Container control the temperature?

RETURN TEMP. SENSOR AREA (EVAPMOTOR LOW SPEED)FROM -10 C TO – 35 or -40 CELSIUS

SUPPLY TEMP SENSOR AREAFROM -9.9 C TO +30 CELSIUS

DEFROSTCYCLE BY:+DEMAND+SET POINT+MANUAL

+DEHUMIDIFICATION

WHAT IS INDICATED IN THE BILL OF LADING?.... A SET POINT

‹#›

Loading good practices

Good Airflow involves several factors:

• Proper Air Circulation demands unobstructedpaths on all six sides of the load

• Do not leave open floor space at the front /end bulkhead or side walls.

• Do not load cargo to the ceiling: respect thered line limitation.

• Cargo should be stacked on double-facedblock pallets

• Assure weight is distributed evenly in thecontainer for maximum stability.

• If palletized, place dunnage or air bags incentre channel between pallets.

Perishable Transportation

Avoid the air to make short cycles andcreate Hot Spots…

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Good Packaging is crucial for preservingproducts quality

• Vented-Side crush-proof Packaging should alwaysbe used for Fresh products (Solid-Side Packagingfor Frozen products)

FACTS:

• Poor Air Distribution isone of primary causes ofproduct deterioration, evenwhen unit capacity is morethan adequate.

• Obstructions anywherearound load can result inproduct “Hot Spots”


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• Protection from rough handling• Protection from overloading• Protection from moisture loss• Proper temperature management

• Proper and stable temp. control• Proper ventilation

Packing Good Practice

Source: APL

Packages must be properly designed, constructed and stowedto protect the product.


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• Stack cartons squarely one on top ofeach other, so that the weight of thecarton is evenly distributed on its fourcorners

Stowage Good PracticesCargo should be stowed as a solid block, leaving no space betweenpackages/cartons and no space between the cargo and the walls of thecontainers.


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• Products pre-cooling to optimal temperature

• Check product temperature during loading

• Reefer units are designed and optimized tomaintain product temperature, not to lower it.


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Cargo Respiration

How to improve shelf life at destination:

• Manual air ventilation• Modified Atmosphere transportation systems• Controlled Atmosphere transportation systems• Modified / Controlled atmosphere packaging

(CA bags)


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Manual Air Exchange

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Controlled / Modified Atmosphere Principles• OXYGEN REMOVAL:- Through natural respiration (eg. AFAM+)- By Nitrogen flashing: liquid nitrogen tanks or Semi-permeable membranes

• CO2 REMOVAL:- Lime scrubbing, Water scrubbing (water spray)- Activated charcoal: molecular , acting similarly to water scrubbers.- Nitrogen flushing: as above

• CO2 ADDITION:- By air aspiration: CO2 from pressurized tanks.

• ETHYLENE REMOVAL:- Fresh air ventilation- Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4) scrubbers- Molecular oxygen (O3) / U.V.


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Cargo Respiration

O2,20.50%

N2, 79%

CO2,0.50%

N2O2CO2

N2; 79%

O2; 15%CO2; 6%

N2; 79%

O2; 12%

CO2;9%O2; 6%

N2; 79%

CO2 15%

Initial Semi-stable

O2 + C2H4O HEAT + CO2 + H2O

Fresh Cargo respiration dynamic:

Respiration

Cargo

T

C2H4


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When CO2 and O2 levels exceed the optimum range, the controllerautomatically adjusts a vent opening to regain the desired gas mix.

O2; 6%

N2; 79%

CO2 15%

Before air exchange

N2; 79%

O2; 12%

CO2;9%

N2; 79%

O2; 15%CO2; 6%O2; 6%

N2; 79%

CO2 15%

Fresh AirExchange

During and After air exchangeCO2

O2

Air exchange D

oor

Cargo Respiration

AFAM+:


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Managing temperature in the cold chain

ProcessingHarvestingFarm to… Inspection

Loading Transport Offload

InspectionDistribution Depot Retailer Consumer

Transport

Cold Store

Packaging

InspectionMaintaining Optimum Temperatureis more critical the longer is the

supply chain


Power Savings and Pulldown temperature selection

Smart PTI

Why to use a Gen Set?

Telematics on Reefer units

Telematics on Gen Sets

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6 6

4.95.3 5.5

3.3

2.2

4.74.65

2.9

3.93.6

3.2

1.9

3.63.30

3.70

1.60

2.602.30

3.20

1.90

2.70

1.92.25

1.25 1.45 1.525

2.45

1.1

1.7

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

Aver

age

Uni

t Pow

er C

onsu

mpt

ion,

(kw

)

CRR

MAGNUM

MAGNUM Eco

MAGNUM+

Thermo King Container Unit Energy Matrix

Setpoint +10’C +2’C +10’C +2’C +10’C -22’C -22’C AverageAmbient +30’C +30’C +10’C +10’C +30’C +30’C +10’CCargo Fruit 850W Fruit 850W Fruit 850W Fruit 850W non-live Frozen FrozenVentilation 40CMH 40CMH 40CMH 40CMH Closed Frozen FrozenEconomy Off Off Off Off Off Off Off% Operation 14% 14% 14% 14% 14% 5% 15%

1998 2002 2009

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Thermo King SMART-PTI

Automatically activated PTI : ZERO DOWNTIME

Defrost datacollection

Automaticdata collection

START

UNIT NORMAL OPERATION

Automaticdatacollectioncompletion

SMART-PTIresults stored

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CONCEPT : SMART PTI automatically monitor individual components performanceduring normal Reefer operation and during Defrost cycles

DefrostAutomatic

data collectionSTART

SMART-PTI Cycle

Completion ofautomaticdatacollection

DefrostAutomatic

data collectionSTART

SMART-PTI Cycle

Completion ofautomaticdatacollection

PTITimerReset


• When a SMART-PTI cycle is completed, the results are stored in theController memory and a <SMART-PTI Pass> flag is logged

• A timer is automatically started to determine next cycle start

• At any stage the SMART-PTI status can be consulted (live or remotely)

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Single testsdata islogged

Automatic datacollection START


Completion of automatic datacollection

B C D E F G H I J KA

INDIVIDUAL CHECKS:

All checks are performed during normal reefer operation:no need for additional off-line operations and unnecessaryenergy consumption

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USER INTERFACE:

• A menu point and a smiley symbol provide visual status of the last passed smartPTI directly on MP-4000 controller

• SMART-PTI results are continuously stored into the controller memory andautomatically refreshed at every single check

• SMART-PTI results logging can be requested anytime by the operator or remotely*

• Remote monitoring of the SMART-PTI can be achieved throughThermo King Telematics options

WEB

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MEMORY LOG EXAMPLE: Smart PTI start 2012/01/01 03:01Smart PTI end 2012/01/01 03:17

General status PASSRun hours: 1234Program version: 1.1.1.1Ambient: 22.5CLine voltage: 390V @ 50HzPhase rotation: PASSSensor status: PASSHigh Press. Sw. PASS

Controls and componentsCompressor: 8.1A 8.1A 7.6AEvaporator fan low speed: 0.7A 0.6A 0.6AEvaporator fan high speed: 1.5A 1.4A 1.4ACondenser fan: 1.0A 1.0A 0.9AHeater: 4.3A 4.3A 4.3ALow Pressure sensor 3.4 BARHigh pressure sensor 11.2 BARSup / Ret / Eva Temperature 3.4 / 3.2 / 3.3CAmb / Con Temperature 22.6 / 23.1 CUnit CCS: OK

Keep it Cool!

4 cm

3C increase the Temp in 2 hours6C increase the Temp in 5 hours9C increase the Temp in 10 hours

38.7C Ambient temp.A new boxUnit OFF

How many degrees loses a container per day?

SGCM / SGCO 3000

Gen set Applications

CLIP ON FOR RAILINTERMODAL TRANSPORTIN USA

CLIP ON ANDCENTER MOUNTER

SG-3000Marine Gensets

• Average fuel consumption diesel 2.1 Lt p/hour or0,55 Gallon per hour (in temperature range)

•Autonomy Clip On 9 days (125 gallons or 473liters) and Center Mounted for Chassis 3,7 days (50gallons or 187,5 liters)

CLIP ON

CENTERMOUNTED

SIDEMOUNTED

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TELEMATICS ON CONTAINERREEFERS AND GEN SETS

• MP-3000 controllers:• Expansion module

integrating both RMM andwireless/GPS capability.

Controller compatibility:• MP-4000 controllers:

– Door-integrated modulefitting in the expansion slot.

– RMM capability embeddedin the controller Board

• Integrated antenna:– Both Satellite and cellular

link realized through asingle integrated antenna

– Reefer-to-reefercommunication allowsoptimum coverage instacked containersconfigurations.

• Remote operations:– Remote unit manning and

software upgrades can beoperated from a remote server

Telematics Principle:

WEB

DBROUTER

GPS

GSMFUELMONITORING

Google Earth OOLG101838

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THANK YOUOBRIGADO!

COLDER IS BETTER!

MAIS FRIO MELHIOR!

gino m. ansaldi - abpm“maximizing latin america’s perishables potential” gino m....

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