ginger market analysis

7/28/2019 Ginger MARKET ANALYSIS

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Market Survey

By: Dr A.T.N. ABuBAcker

export potential of ginger

Why ds id ccu y 6 c d, huh cbus 36 c

h wd duc?

ginger is a tropical spe-

cies native to SouthEast Asia. It belongs

to the family Zingib-

eraceae. The English

term ginger originated from San-

skrit word Sringavera. Botanically

known as Zingiber Officinale, it is

the most popular hot spice in the

world. The useful part of this plant

is the underground rhizome.

Ginger has a long and well-docu-

mented history of both culinary and

medicinal use throughout the world,

especially in Chinese, Indian andJapanese medicinal care. In Indian

ayurvedic medicine, ginger is used

as an anti-inflammatory herb. It was

introduced to Africa and Caribbean

countries in the 16th century.

Ginger has a long history of use

in South Asia both in dried and fresh

form. The Hindu epic Mahabharta

describes a meal where meat was

stewed with ginger and other spices.

In the Manassllasa literature writ-

ten in the 11th century AD, ginger is

mentioned as a flavouring agent for

buttermilk drink. Its use as a food

became much more widespread by

the 13th century AD with advent of

the Muslim rule in India.

Ginger was exported from India

to the Roman Empire 2000 years

ago. Arab merchants controlled the

ginger trade. Ginger became one of

Table IGing root, raw

Ntitional Val p 100g

Nutritional value Quantity

Carbohydrates 17.77g

Sugars 1.7g

Dietary fiber 2g

Fat 0.75g

Protein 1.82g

Thiamin (Vit. B1) 0.025 mg 2%

Riboflavin (Vit. B2) 0.034 mg 2%

Niacin (Vit. B3) 0.75 mg 5%Pantothenic acid (B5) 0.203 mg 4%

Vitamin B6 0.16 mg 12%

Folate (Vit. B9) 11g 3%

Vitamin C 5 mg 8%

Calcium 16 mg 2%

Iron 0.6 mg 5%

Magnesium 43 mg 12%

Phosphorus 34 mg 5%

Potassium 415 mg 9%

Zinc 0.34 mg 3%

Percentages are relative to US recommendations for

adults; Source: USDA Nutrient database

Indias share in ginger export is estimated at 13,000 tonnes per year, which is only twoper cent of its production


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Market Survey

the most commonly traded spices

during the 13th and 14th centuries.

Cultivtion ndconsumption

Ginger is cultivated in India,

China, Japan, Indonesia, Australia,

Nigeria and West Indies islands.

India is the largest producer and

consumer of ginger in the world.

In India ginger is produced in the

states of Orissa, Kerala, Karnataka,

Arunachal Pradesh, West Bengal,

Sikkim and Madhya Pradesh. Kerala

is the largest ginger pro-

ducing state, accounting

for about 33 per cent of

the total production inIndia.

Cochin Ginger

(NUGC) and Calicut

Ginger (NUBK) are the

two popular varieties

of Indian ginger in the

world market. Ginger is

available in the forms of

oil, oleoresins, ground

ginger and fresh ginger.

Light-coloured ginger

has traditionally been

more priced for its sut-

ble lemony aroma. Darkginger has more heat

and is favoured for ex-

traction purposes. Fresh

ginger is used as a vegetable.

Out of the total production, about

30 per cent is converted into dry gin-

ger, while 50 per cent is consumed

as green ginger and the rest as seed

materials. Dry ginger is produced

mainly in Kerala, a major share of

which is exported.

are nd production

Area, production and yield of gin-

ger in India are shown in Table II.

The table shows that area and pro-

duction of ginger in India have con-

tinuously increased over the years.

Area and production of ginger

in the world are shown in Table III.

Area under ginger cultivation in the

world was 429,481 hectares in 2007.

The largest area under ginger culti-

vation is in Nigeria, which is about

55 per cent of the total area underginger cultivation in the world. World

production of ginger was 1,387,445

mt in 2007. India has a predomi-

nant position in ginger production

contributing 36 per cent of the total

world production, but productivity is

very poor compared to USA.

World trde

World trade in ginger is esti-

mated at $190 million per year. In-

dias share in ginger trade is only 6per cent, while Chinas share is 57

per cent. In ginger oil and oleoresin

trade India dominates with 50 per

cent share. Garbled/ungarbled and

bleached/unbleached variants oc-

cupy predominant position in ginger

export.

Cochin ginger is popular and it

fetches a premium price because of

its superior quality. The estimated

world import of ginger is 300,000

tonnes per year. Indias share in

Table II

Aa, Podtion and yild of Gingin India

Year Area Production Yield(000 hect) (000 tonnes) (kg/ha)

1997-98 75.6 252.1 3,335

1998-99 77.6 263.2 3,392

1999-2000 80.8 282.6 3,498

2000-01 86.2 288.0 3,341

2001-02 90.8 318.0 3,502

2002-03 90.8 317.0 3,500

2003-04 85.1 301.9 3,548

2004-05 95.3 359.0 3,767

2005-06 110.6 391.2 3,537

2006-07 105.9 370.3 3,497

Source: Spices Board, Cochin

Table III

Aa and Podtion ofGing in th Wold

Year Area Production(hect) (mt)

1998 312,108 864,760

1999 308,631 952,222

2000 305,696 953,152

2001 310,923 988,951

2002 317,099 1,007,503

2003 341,360 1,109,833

2004 341,829 1,141,319

2005 372,271 1,264,891

2006 414,183 1,337,188

2007 429,481 1,387,445

Source: FAO estimate

Table IV

expot of Ging fom IndiaDing 1997-98 to 2008-09

Year Quantity Value(tonnes) (lakhs)

1997-98 28,268 7,262.73

1998-99 8,683 4,058.32

1999-2000 8,923 3,253.55

2000-01 6,288 2,682.05

2001-02 6,464 2,311.47

2002-03 8,461 2,396.59

2003-04 5,000 2,340.50

2004-05 14,908.13 5,929.40

2005-06 10,890.43 4,580.59

2006-07 9,661.34 4,777.772007-08 8,332.91 3,296.08

2008-09 3,229.70 1,581.75

Source: Spices Board, Cochin

Table V

expot of Gingin th Wold

Year Quantity Value(tonnes) (000$)

1997-98 174,185 142,315

1998-99 155,985 107,789

1999-2000 204,055 122,084

2000-01 243,173 131,632

2001-02 249,933 124,576

2002-03 290,992 125,922

2003-04 311,405 135,603

2004-05 291,484 277,619

2005-06 379,630 319,487

2006-07 385,406 253,091

Source: FAO Estimates


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Market Survey

ginger from India during 1997-98

to 2008-09. Global ginger export is

shown in Table V. The main com-

petitors in ginger export are China,Nigeria and Thailand. Country-wise

export of Indian ginger is shown in

Table VI.

Suggestions

Ginger cultivation can be im-

proved provided the following meas-

ures are taken:

1. Introduce the HYV in ginger

2. Supply planting materials in

time

3. Reduce the yield gap

4. Introduce short-duration vari-ety

5. Popularise fresh ginger pro-

cessing

6. Encourage organic ginger cul-

tivation

7. Strengthen agricultural re-

search

The author is head of Department ofEconomics at Dr Zakir Husain College,Ileyangudi, Tamil Nadu

Table VI

Top 15 Impots of Indian Ging

Country Value (Rs lakh) Quantity (000)2007-08 2008-09 (Apr-Jun) 2007-08 2008-09 (Apr-Jun)

USA 419.02 63.61 588.76 101.75

Bangladesh 408.93 137.24 4,254.07 1,346.62

UK 354.76 122.87 459.60 136.06

Spain 210.20 115.43 305.23 106.10

Morocco 194.82 66.53 269.79 69.00

Saudi Arab 184.79 60.39 234.65 95.86

Germany 178.69 66.45 282.57 198.51

Australia 155.17 18.62 196.28 20.77

Netherlands 139.17 45.96 205.54 60.64

Yemen Republic 123.37 36.19 180.46 38.00

Japan 121.24 116.32 117.69 90.08

Malaysia 81.78 24.77 144.94 47.40

Canada 79.58 16.43 118.91 25.59

Belgium 71.87 2.69 71.62 2.38

Israel 70.06 6.61 92.11 7.00

Source: Ministry of Commerce, New Delhi

ginger export is estimated at 13,000

tonnes per year, which is only two

per cent of its production.

Table IV shows the export of

ginger market analysis

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