ghg emissions and reducons in agriculture what is ...€¦ · 161027 - iscc sustainability...

GHGEmissionsandReduc0onsinAgricultureWhatishappeninginthe

EU?

RobVierhout,MScISCCSustainabilityConference27October2016-SãoPaulo

TheEUEnergy&Climatepolicypost2020

TheAgriculturalsectoranditsemissions

Concludingremarks

Agenda

2161027-ISCCSustainabilityConference,SãoPaulo

WhyambiKoustargetsareneeded

Source:EEA,Commission(DGCA)




Concludingremarks

Agenda


TheEU’sEnergy&ClimatePolicy:thetargets

5

InOctober2014theEuropeanCouncilagreedthe2020-2030policyframeworkandtargetsforClimateandEnergy


Theonlytargets?

TheEU’sEnergy&ClimatePolicypost2020:GHGtargets&instruments

6

Sector Savingtobeachieved How

Overall Economy-wide Atleast40%comparedto2009

BindingfortheEU28+Norway+

Iceland

ETS*Highenergyconsumingindustries

43%comparedto2005

Market-basedemissionrights(allowances)

Non-ETSAG,waste

management,transport,buildings

30%comparedto2005

NaKonallybindingreducKontargets

(ESD/R)


*ETSstandsforEmissionsTradingScheme,coveringover11000largeinstallaKons

TheEU“Effortsharing”policy

7

• TheEffortSharingDecision(2009)establishedbindingannualGHGemissiontargetsforMemberStates(MS)fortheperiod2013–2020

• Onlyapplicablefornon-ETSsectors:transport(exceptaviaKonandinternaKonalmariKmeshipping),buildings,agricultureandwaste

• ProposalonthetabletoupdatetheEffortSharingpolicywithbindingtargetsfor2021-2030

• MoreambiIousthanthepresentESD:

• 30%reducKoninsteadof10%now

• NineMSmayachievetheirtargetbycoveringsomeemissionswithEUETSallowancesbutnomorethan100MtonsCO2

• MSmayusetoacertainlevelsavingsfromcertainlandusecategories

• Bankingandborrowingpossible,aswellasbuyingandsellingbetweenMS


GHGemissiontargetscomparisonforeachMS2013-2020and2021–2030


GHGem

ission%

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

Luxembo

urg

Swed

enDe

nmark

Finland

Germ

any

France UK

Nethe

rland

sAu

stria

Belgium

Italy

Ireland

Spain

Cyprus

Malta

Portugal

Greece

Sloven

iaCzechRe

public

Estonia

Slovakia

Lithuania

Poland

CroaKa

Hungary

Latvia

Romania

Bulgaria

EUto

tal

Targets2013-2020

Targets2021-2030*

carbondioxide(CO2),methane(CH4),nitrousoxide(NO2),hydrofluorocarbons(HFCs),perfluorocarbons(PFCs)andsulphurhexafluoride(SF6)

*SKllunderdiscussionbyMS&EP



Concludingremarks

Agenda


GlobalGHGemissionsbyeconomicsector(2010)


Source:IPCC2014,5thassessmentreport

AGGHGEmissionsintheEU(excludingLULUCF)2012


Source:EuropeanEnvironmentAgency2015

471MtCO2eq(2012):- Manuremanagement(CH4,N2O):16.8%- Livestock(CH4):31,3%- Agriculturalsoils(N2O):51.3%

DevelopmentofAGGHGemissionCO2eqintheEU(1990-2012)



ChangesintheEU-28GHGemissionsbysector(1990-2012)



Projectedemissions/carbonsinkfromLandUse,LandUseChange,Forestry(LULUCF)-2005-2030


Source:EuropeanCommission,COM(2016)479final,IA

Reducingemissionsfromagriculture

15

• ExpectaKonisthatby2030comparedto2005AGemissionreducKonwillbearoundonly-2.4%

• Mainreasonisthatthecost-efficientmiKgaKonpotenKalofnon-CO2emissionsislow*

• However,thereismorepotenKalinreducKonofCO2emissionsinAGland.CarbonsequestraKonthroughland-use,land-usechange,cropproducKon;ferKlizerapplicaKon;zeroKllage;wetland/peatlandrestoraKon**

• TheroleoftheAGsectorasfoodsuppliermakesthisalong-termopKon

• Othersectors(transport,buildings,waste)needtodeliverrelaKvelymoreGHGemissionsreducKontoachievethe-30%target


*AneconomicassessmentofGHGmiKgaKonpolicyopKonforEUAG,JRC,2016**EffecKveperformanceoftoolsforclimateacKonpolicy.Ricardo-AEA,2016

ExisKngpolicyandpolicyunderconsideraKon

16

• GreeningtheCAP

• ChangeinferKlizeruse

• BeteraccounKngofemissionsforLULUCFandlinkagetoESD


GreeningtheCommonAgriculturalPolicy(CAP)

17

• 'Greening',amajorinnovaKonbroughtinunderthe2013CAPreformmakingthedirectpaymentssystemmoreenvironment-friendly:farmerswhousefarmlandmoresustainablyandcarefornaturalresourcesbenefitfinancially

• Coreelements:

• diversifyingcrops-mandatorycroprotaKon(farmsize-related)

• maintainingpermanentgrassland(taskforauthoriKes)

• dedicaKng5%ofarablelandto'ecologicallybeneficialelements'('ecologicalfocusareas’)suchas:fallowland,fieldmargins,hedgesandtrees,bufferstrips

• Small-holdersareexcludedfrom‘greening’


LandUse,LandUseChange,Forestry(LULUCF)

18

• FollowingtheCOPParisAgreementthereisabillunderdiscussiontohaveinEUlawtheKyotoProtocolprincipleofthe“nodebitrule”byincorporaKnglanduseandforestryintotheEU'semission-reducKonefforts(excludednowfromGHGemissionsavingtargets)

• EnsurethatGHGemissionsfromlandusearecompensatedbyanequivalentabsorpKonofCO₂byaddiKonalacKoninthesector:AccounInginsteadofjustreporKng

• Theproposedmeasuresarebindingforcountriesnotforfarmers(yet)

• The“nodebitrule”appliestotheoverallEUtargetandtheindividualMStargets

• LULUCFcredits(netemissionsavings)canbeusedforESDcompliance;onewaythough


Circulareconomy-ferKlizer

19

• DecemberlastyearamajorpolicychangewasproposedtocreateacirculareconomyinEurope:resource-efficientuseofmaterials,lesswaste,morere-useofwaste

• InMarchthisyearasafirstdeliverableofthecirculareconomypackagewaspresented:aproposalonorganicandwaste-basedferKlizers

• TheobjecKvesare:a) morestringentstandardsforfossil-basedferKlizers,andb) creaKnganinternalmarketfororganicferKliserreducing

theneedforfossil-basedferKlizers




Concludingremarks

Agenda


Concludingremarks

21

• TheEUisontrackreducingitsGHGemissionsasplannedbutambiKouspost2020EUtargetshadtobeagreedupontostayontrack

• Forthenon-ETSsectorsallMS(exceptBulgaria)needtorealiseemissionsavingsbutunderasystemthatallowsmoreflexibility

• TheEUisplanningtoabandontargetsontransportandfuels,anexcepKonisbeingconsideredforadvancedbiofuelsbuttheoverallobjecKveismaximumflexibilityoftheMStoachieveGHGemissiontargets

• GHGemissionsavings(non-CO2emissions)intheEUAGsectorareachallenge(toocostly);savingswouldneedtocomefromLU,LUCandF


QuesKons

22

• WhatwillbethefutureofconvenKonalbiofuels?

• WhatmightbetheimpactofthenewE&EpolicyfortheagriculturalsectorhereinSouth-America?


ghg emissions and reducons in agriculture what is ...€¦ · 161027 - iscc sustainability...

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