GH1.2.6

Materials: PowerPoint, Handout “Classical Greece”

HW#2.6: Read pp116-119 Writing Activity p 119

Vocabulary: aristocracy, Parthenon, pantheon, comedy, tragedy, drama

Do Now: Why do you think we refer to ancient Greece as “Classical”?

Source Analysis

On your own close read the reading on Classical Greece

Rational argumentIntellectualThermopylaeDelian LegueParthenonBosphorusNeutralPeloponesse

Pair Activity

With a partner list the achievements of Classical Greece

Architecture

Mathematics

Government

Medicine

Literature

Sports

Architecture -Greeks used stone columns to support heavy stone roofs in their temples (Ionic & Doric styles). Many government buildings still use these styles today.

Mathematics -Pythagoras & Euclid helped to develop geometry – the study of angles

Government -Athens, a Greek city-state, developed an early form of democracy. The U.S. has imitated this government of for the people by the people.

Medicine -Hippocrates showed that diseases had natural rather than magical or religious causes.

Literature

Sports

-Greek authors, such as Homer, wrote lengthy stories about heroes that continue to inspire books & movies today.

-Authors like Euripides, developed tragedies (sad stories), that later influenced writers like William Shakespeare.

The Olympic games began in ancient Greece around 776 B.C.E and continue to our present

Which contribution do you think was most important to the world?

Promoted Cultural Diffusion (rivers, Mediterranean sea,)

Developed trade, farming and technology (boats)

-Spoke the same language-

Led Barriers (Mountains, Med Sea, Archipelago)

-developed different city states with different culture and government

GovernmentEducationSocial StructureAlliesMilitary StrengthLifestyleCultural Achievement

AthensAthens SpartaSparta

PopulationPopulation

GovernmentGovernment

Social Social StructureStructure

Allies/MilitaryAllies/Military

Lifestyle/Lifestyle/ValuesValues

EducationEducation

Role of Role of WomenWomen

Cultural Cultural AchievementAchievement

FoodFood

AthensApproximately

140,000By 432 B.C. largest

city-state150,000 Athenians50,000 aliens and

100,000 slaves

Sparta8,000 adult malesOver 100,000 slaves

and semi-enslaved people

AthensDirect democracyElected officials

including 10 generals, magistrates

Council of 500: administer decision made by Assembly

Assembly: all male citizens; passed laws

Trial by jury

SpartaOligarchy: rule by fewCombination of

different forms of gov.Two kings: led army5 Overseers: ran day-

to-day operations of Sparta; had veto power

Senate: 28 men over 60; elected for life; acted as judges; proposed legislation

Assembly: all Spartan males

AthensFreemen: all male

citizensUpper: Aristocrats

Land owners Naval captains and military

leaders

Middle: small farmersLower: craftsmanMetics: foreignersSlaves: treated less

harshly than other Greek city-states

SpartaSpartiates: Land owning

military professionalsPerioeci: foreigners who

were craftsman, artisansHelots: serfs (farmers)

who worked on the Spartiates land Gave 1/2 of all their

produce to Spartiates / military

AthensDelian League:

collection of city-states that pledged loyalty to AthensAthens taxed them for

protectionAthens had very

strong navy

SpartaPeloponnesian League:Superior army on landEntire culture was

focused on the art of war

AthensDemocratic valuesParticipation in

government a civic responsibility

Many religious holidays

Theatre / sporting events

Trading empire brought contact with many other cultures

SpartaMilitaristic valuesCitizens were not

permitted to own luxuries

Children were taught to respect elderly, women, and warriors

AthensSchools taught reading,

writing and mathematics, music, poetry, sport and gymnastics

Ages 5-14 (wealthy went until 18)

Academies were set up to study philosophy, rhetoric, and ethics

Girls were taught homemaking skills

SpartaBoys: at age 7 they were

taken from their parents and taught the art of war Had to steal to survive At age 20 they entered the

military At age 30 they were able to

marryGirls: at age 7 they were

reading and writing, gymnastics, athletics and survival skills

AthensWomen were kept

at homeCould not

participate in athletics

Some women held high posts at religious ceremonies

SpartaGirls were educatedCould participate in

sportsGoal was to produce

healthy babiesMarried at 18Enjoyed a great deal

of freedomCould own and

control their propertyExpected to protect

land while husband was at war

AthensArt

Sculptures Pottery

ArchitectureDramaLiteraturePhilosophyScienceMedicineMathematicsDemocracy

SpartaMilitary

supremacySimple lifestyle“ideal” community

AthensEnjoyed food from all

over the empireTrade brought goods

from all over the Mediterranean region

SpartaSpartan Broth: pork,

blood, salt, vinegarTrained to dislike

luxuries and fancy food

Men lived separate from wives for much of the time

If you were a young teenage girl of the citizen class, in which city-state would you rather live? Why?

If you were a slave, in which would you rather live? Why?

If you were a boy of the citizen class, in which would you rather live? Why?

If you were a young soldier, in which would you rather live? Why?

If you were a very wealthy person of the citizen class, in which would you rather live? Why?