getting on the map: underground utility location and municipalities
DESCRIPTION
Getting on the Map: Underground Utility Location And Municipalities. By: Michael L. Gill, PE, RLS. Project:. Capstone project for Masters in GIS – Penn State University Dr Doug Miller – Academic Advisor Dr. Sunil K. Sinha – Technical Advisor - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Getting on the Map:Underground Utility Location And Municipalities
By: Michael L. Gill, PE, RLS
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Project: Capstone project for Masters in GIS – Penn State
University Dr Doug Miller – Academic Advisor Dr. Sunil K. Sinha – Technical Advisor
To investigate various methods to input municipal underground utility locations into a GIS.
Determine the accuracy of the input methods. Begin to develop a Best Practices for getting
legacy data into a GIS.
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The Problem:
How will we get this mapped accurately?
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What we do not see - is the problem!
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Every time we dig or need to dig, the problem re-occurs!
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Problem Statement: Municipal utility employees do not know
where the facilities are located. Municipal utility employees need to know
where their facilities are located. How can the legacy data be transformed into
a modern GIS?
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Extent of the problem: In 2005, in Illinois alone
1.22 million “one call” requests Involved 1,700 separate utilities 7.94 million potential conflicts
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Consequences of problem: Disruption of utility service Consumer inconvenience Delays in construction Added cost of construction Added utility cost Worker injury Worker death
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Results of Poor Mapping:
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Current utility data location :
Paper Maps
CADD files
Mental knowledge
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GIS input methods:
Heads-up digitizing Scanning CADD Drawings
CADD to GIS file conversion
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Traditional location methods: Soil borings Test pits Excavation
Hand Machine
Potholes Vacuum Water jet
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New location technologies: Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Magnetic field-based location systems Buried markers Acoustic-based plastic pipe locators Could these technologies be directly outputted into a GIS?
GPR unit & print out
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It’s in – but how accurate is it?
Can we safely dig wherewe need to?
One-call system accuracy requirements range from12 to 24 inches
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Positional accuracy determination: Get features into a GIS
Calculate coordinates Choose a random sample of features Determine “true” position with a more accurate procedure
Use GPS methodology Complete a quantitative comparison of coordinates
Do the math (avg, std dev, range, etc) Understand how the accuracy affects the utility and its
location procedures
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Research Methods Capturing Institutional Knowledge
Operators digitize fire hydrant and sanitary sewer manhole locations into a GIS (ArcMap)
Professional Survey Crew GPS’s same point locations (determine “true” location)
Compute locations discrepancies (error distances) for various variables
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Research Results -Albion
Fire Hydrants – 6-in Base
n 10
Min 1.8
Max 23.2
Mean 8.6
Std Dev 7.7
GPS Unit - Trimble 5700 with base stationAccuracy 5 -10 mmBase Map: 1m & 6-in Resolution
Manholes - 6-in Base
n 26
Min 0.2
Max 23.9
Mean 11.9
Std Dev10 10.1
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Research Results - AlbionFire Hydrants – 1m Base
n 2
Min 7.2
Max 8.6
Mean 7.9
Std Dev 4.8
Manholes – 1m Base
n 2
Min 11.2
Max 20.9
Mean 16.1
Std Dev 4.8
Fire Hydrants – All Data
n 12
Min 1.8
Max 23.2
Mean 8.5
Std Dev 7.1
Manholes – All Data
n 28
Min 0.2
36.9 23.2
Mean 12.2
Std Dev 9.9
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Research Results - Grayville
Fire Hydrants – 6-in Base
n 5
Min 2.2
Max 9.8
Mean 5.8
Std Dev 2.6
GPS Unit - Trimble 5700 RoverAccuracy 1-3 mBase Map: 1m & 6-in Resolution
Manholes – 6-in Base
n 14
Min 4.3
Max 68.2
Mean 23.8
Std Dev 19.0
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Research Results - GrayvilleFire Hydrants – 1m Base
n 16
Min 6.3
Max 52.8
Mean 24.9
Std Dev 13.6
Manholes - 1m Base
n 24
Min 2.5
Max 89.1
Mean 24.9
Std Dev 17.5
Fire Hydrants – All Data
n 21
Min 2.2
Max 52.8
Mean 20.3
14.4 2.6
Manholes – All Data
n 38
Min 2.5
Max 89.1
Mean 24.5
Std Dev 18.1
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Research Results - Lawrenceville
Fire Hydrants
n 13
Min 3.8
Max 37.7
Mean 10.2
Std Dev 8.6
GPS Unit – Thales Mobile Mapper CEAccuracy Sub-meterBase Map: 1m Resolution
Fire Hydrants – with Beacon Pack
n 13
Min 0.1
Max 37.6
Mean 10.2
Std Dev 8.6
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Research Method - Georeferencing This part not finished!
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Breaking the cycle: GPS both horizontal and vertical positions of
underground utilities when: New construction takes place During maintenance operations Fixing breaks Anytime facility is exposed
Use data to update and improve the accuracy of existing maps.
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Goals Get all underground utilities mapped into a
modern GIS system Have mapped data accuracies to within “one-
call” system tolerances Capture and map vertical data as well as
horizontal data
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Proposed Location Capture Standards Existing Systems
GPS all valves, and meters (after digitizing) Adjust digitized lines to match GPS points
These surface features are directly above underground facilities
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Proposed Location Capture Standards GPS all lines, fittings etc anytime they are
exposed of maintenance, locates, repair, construction, erosion or any other reason Adjust digitized lines to match GPS points
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New Systems or Construction Urban
Capture both horizontal and vertical data to sub-foot location tolerances
Capture location points at all fittings, valves, meters services, etc.
Capture line locations at a maximum line spacing of 100 feet
Keep GIS mapping up to date
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New Systems or Construction Rural
Capture both horizontal and vertical data to sub-foot location tolerances
Capture location points at all fittings, valves, meters services, etc.
Capture line locations at maximum spacing of 500 feet
Keep GIS mapping up to date
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Idea to Ponder Should location capture standards be a
requirement the same as pipe material, pressures, etc?
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Assumptions & Limitations: Small sample set Local in scope GPS data is more accurate than input methods
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Thank you!Questions?