get up, stand up get up, stand up: stand up for your rights! get up, stand up: stand up for your...

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Get up, Stand up Get up, Stand up Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights! Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights! Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights! Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights! Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights! Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights! Get up, stand up: don't give up the fight! Get up, stand up: don't give up the fight! Preacherman, don't tell me, Preacherman, don't tell me, Heaven is under the earth. Heaven is under the earth. I know you don't know I know you don't know What life is really worth. What life is really worth. It's not all that glitters is gold; It's not all that glitters is gold; 'Alf the story has never been told: 'Alf the story has never been told: So now you see the light, eh! So now you see the light, eh! Stand up for your rights. Come on! Stand up for your rights. Come on! Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights! Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights! Get up, stand up: don't give up the fight! Get up, stand up: don't give up the fight! Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights! Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights! Get up, stand up: don't give up the fight! Get up, stand up: don't give up the fight! Most people think, Most people think, Great God will come from the skies, Great God will come from the skies, Take away everything Take away everything And make everybody feel high. And make everybody feel high. But if you know what life is worth, But if you know what life is worth, You will look for yours on earth: You will look for yours on earth: And now you see the light, And now you see the light, You stand up for your rights. Jah! You stand up for your rights. Jah! We sick an' tired of-a your ism-skism game We sick an' tired of-a your ism-skism game Dyin' 'n' goin' to heaven in-a Jesus' name, Dyin' 'n' goin' to heaven in-a Jesus' name, Lord. Lord. We know when we understand: We know when we understand: Almighty God is a living man. Almighty God is a living man. You can fool some people sometimes, You can fool some people sometimes, But you can't fool all the people all the But you can't fool all the people all the time. time. So now we see the light (What you gonna do?), So now we see the light (What you gonna do?), We gonna stand up for our rights! (Yeah, We gonna stand up for our rights! (Yeah, yeah, yeah!) yeah, yeah!) So you better: So you better: Get up, stand up! (In the morning! Git it Get up, stand up! (In the morning! Git it up!) up!) Stand up for your rights! (Stand up for our Stand up for your rights! (Stand up for our rights!) rights!) Get up, stand up! Get up, stand up! Don't give up the fight! (Don't give it up, Don't give up the fight! (Don't give it up, don't give it up!) don't give it up!) Get up, stand up! (Get up, stand up!) Get up, stand up! (Get up, stand up!) Stand up for your rights! (Get up, stand up!) Stand up for your rights! (Get up, stand up!) Get up, stand up! ( ... ) Get up, stand up! ( ... ) Don't give up the fight! (Get up, stand up!) Don't give up the fight! (Get up, stand up!) Get up, stand up! ( ... ) Get up, stand up! ( ... ) Stand up for your rights! Stand up for your rights! Get up, stand up! Get up, stand up! Don't give up the fight! /fadeout/ Don't give up the fight! /fadeout/

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Page 1: Get up, Stand up  Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights! Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights! Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights!

Get up, Stand upGet up, Stand up Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights!Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights!

Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights!Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights!Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights!Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights!Get up, stand up: don't give up the fight!Get up, stand up: don't give up the fight!

Preacherman, don't tell me,Preacherman, don't tell me,Heaven is under the earth.Heaven is under the earth.I know you don't knowI know you don't knowWhat life is really worth.What life is really worth.It's not all that glitters is gold;It's not all that glitters is gold;'Alf the story has never been told:'Alf the story has never been told:So now you see the light, eh!So now you see the light, eh!Stand up for your rights. Come on!Stand up for your rights. Come on!

Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights!Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights!Get up, stand up: don't give up the fight!Get up, stand up: don't give up the fight!Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights!Get up, stand up: stand up for your rights!Get up, stand up: don't give up the fight!Get up, stand up: don't give up the fight!

Most people think,Most people think,Great God will come from the skies,Great God will come from the skies,Take away everythingTake away everythingAnd make everybody feel high.And make everybody feel high.But if you know what life is worth,But if you know what life is worth,You will look for yours on earth:You will look for yours on earth:And now you see the light,And now you see the light,You stand up for your rights. Jah!You stand up for your rights. Jah!

We sick an' tired of-a your ism-skism game We sick an' tired of-a your ism-skism game Dyin' 'n' goin' to heaven in-a Jesus' name, Dyin' 'n' goin' to heaven in-a Jesus' name, Lord.Lord.We know when we understand:We know when we understand:Almighty God is a living man.Almighty God is a living man.You can fool some people sometimes,You can fool some people sometimes,But you can't fool all the people all the time.But you can't fool all the people all the time.So now we see the light (What you gonna do?),So now we see the light (What you gonna do?),We gonna stand up for our rights! (Yeah, yeah, We gonna stand up for our rights! (Yeah, yeah, yeah!)yeah!)

So you better:So you better:Get up, stand up! (In the morning! Git it up!)Get up, stand up! (In the morning! Git it up!)Stand up for your rights! (Stand up for our Stand up for your rights! (Stand up for our rights!)rights!)Get up, stand up!Get up, stand up!Don't give up the fight! (Don't give it up, don't Don't give up the fight! (Don't give it up, don't give it up!)give it up!)Get up, stand up! (Get up, stand up!)Get up, stand up! (Get up, stand up!)Stand up for your rights! (Get up, stand up!)Stand up for your rights! (Get up, stand up!)Get up, stand up! ( ... )Get up, stand up! ( ... )Don't give up the fight! (Get up, stand up!)Don't give up the fight! (Get up, stand up!)Get up, stand up! ( ... )Get up, stand up! ( ... )Stand up for your rights!Stand up for your rights!Get up, stand up!Get up, stand up!Don't give up the fight! /fadeout/ Don't give up the fight! /fadeout/

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The Colonized World

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Third World/ Developing Third World/ Developing NationsNations

Independence and RevolutionIndependence and Revolution

1945-present1945-present

First World – Western industrialized nations

Second World – Communist industrialized nations

Third World – undeveloped nations in Asia, Latin America and Africa

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Decolonization-IndependenceDecolonization-Independence

TETE: “the relinquishing of all colonial : “the relinquishing of all colonial possessions by imperial powers”possessions by imperial powers”

More than EIGHTY countries gained More than EIGHTY countries gained independence between 1945-1980independence between 1945-1980

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Decolonization and the Cold Decolonization and the Cold WarWar

TETE: The U.S. and U.S.S.R. were committed to : The U.S. and U.S.S.R. were committed to decolonization but “as cold war animosity decolonization but “as cold war animosity deepened… the leaders of the Soviet Union deepened… the leaders of the Soviet Union and the United States tended to view new and the United States tended to view new nations and struggling nationalist nations and struggling nationalist movements through a Cold War prism. movements through a Cold War prism. Emerging nations were often confronted by Emerging nations were often confronted by the demand that they take sides and choose the demand that they take sides and choose between capitalism and communism.”between capitalism and communism.”

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DecolonizationDecolonization

WARWAR VietnamVietnam [France][France] AlgeriaAlgeria [France][France] Kenya [Britain]Kenya [Britain] Mozambique & Mozambique &

Angola [Portugal]Angola [Portugal]

NEGOTIATIONNEGOTIATION India / PakistanIndia / Pakistan Much of AfricaMuch of Africa IndonesiaIndonesia PhilippinesPhilippines

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India India “Partitioned Independence”“Partitioned Independence”

Mohandas Gandhi led a Mohandas Gandhi led a resistance movement to resistance movement to British rule starting in British rule starting in 19151915

After WWII, tensions After WWII, tensions between Hindus and between Hindus and Muslims complicated Muslims complicated independenceindependence

Creation of two states: Creation of two states: Pakistan and IndiaPakistan and India Gandhi believed in “passive resistance.”

He also launched the “homespun” movement.

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East Pakistan became Bangladesh in 1971

The status of Kashmir isa source of ongoing conflict between Indiaand Pakistan

Approximately one million people werekilled in the process ofpartition.

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“Wagah Border” betweenIndia and Pakistan

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India since 1945India since 1945 The “world’s largest democracy”; a stupendous task The “world’s largest democracy”; a stupendous task

considering India’s religious, ethnic, and class diversityconsidering India’s religious, ethnic, and class diversity

A “mixed economy” – the “license Raj” with market A “mixed economy” – the “license Raj” with market reforms since 1990sreforms since 1990s

World’s second most populous nation: over 1 billion World’s second most populous nation: over 1 billion peoplepeople

Unaligned during the Cold War; possesses nuclear Unaligned during the Cold War; possesses nuclear weaponsweapons

Border conflicts with Pakistan and ChinaBorder conflicts with Pakistan and China

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Pakistan since 1945Pakistan since 1945 The region’s first “Islamic Republic”The region’s first “Islamic Republic”

Mostly a military dictatorshipMostly a military dictatorship

Staunch U.S. ally during the Cold War and todayStaunch U.S. ally during the Cold War and today

Possesses nuclear weaponsPossesses nuclear weapons

Borders Afghanistan and has had an ambiguous Borders Afghanistan and has had an ambiguous relationship with the Talibanrelationship with the Taliban

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War in VietnamWar in VietnamWar for independence from FranceWar for independence from France

French returned to French returned to Vietnam after WWIIVietnam after WWII

French withdrew French withdrew after defeat at Dien after defeat at Dien Bien Phu in 1954Bien Phu in 1954

1954: Vietnam 1954: Vietnam divided at 17divided at 17thth parallelparallel

Vietnamese victorious at Dien Bien Phu

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War in VietnamWar in VietnamCold War conflict with U.S.Cold War conflict with U.S.

1945-54: Aid to French1945-54: Aid to French

1954-65: “Advisors” and 1954-65: “Advisors” and support to the Southsupport to the South

1965-73: Escalation of war1965-73: Escalation of war

1976: Vietnam united under 1976: Vietnam united under a Communist governmenta Communist government

Vietnam was a war for Vietnam was a war for national liberation that national liberation that became a Cold War conflictbecame a Cold War conflict

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Southeast Asia: IndonesiaSoutheast Asia: Indonesia

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Independent IndonesiaIndependent Indonesia

18,108 islands; 300 separate linguistic groups [Bahasa 18,108 islands; 300 separate linguistic groups [Bahasa Indonesian the official language]Indonesian the official language]

85% Muslim85% Muslim

Transition from military dictatorship in late 1990sTransition from military dictatorship in late 1990s

Conflict over East Timor 1975-99Conflict over East Timor 1975-99

Since 9/11 Indonesia and Philippines [Mindanao] new Since 9/11 Indonesia and Philippines [Mindanao] new al-Qaeda base? al-Qaeda base?

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1960: “Year of Africa”

First independent state:Ghana [1957]

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Uhuru-Uhuru-IndependenceIndependence

Nkrumah-GhanaNkrumah-Ghana Kenyatta-KenyaKenyatta-Kenya Nyerere-TanzaniaNyerere-Tanzania Lumumba-CongoLumumba-Congo

Nationalist movementsNationalist movements Western-educated Western-educated

leadersleaders One-party statesOne-party states Social reforms-Social reforms-

education, health, education, health, economic development economic development

NegritudeNegritude Pan-AfricanismPan-Africanism

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““The Problem of Africa”The Problem of Africa” Colonial heritage Colonial heritage

artificial bordersartificial borders little leadership experience / racism & extractive empirelittle leadership experience / racism & extractive empire bitterness among ethnic groupsbitterness among ethnic groups economies reliant on a few commoditieseconomies reliant on a few commodities

Authoritarian leadersAuthoritarian leaders

Internal violenceInternal violence

Economic and agricultural crises [1980s]Economic and agricultural crises [1980s] famine famine

Health crises: HIV / AIDSHealth crises: HIV / AIDS 2000-2020: 68 million will die of AIDS; 55 million from Sub-Saharan 2000-2020: 68 million will die of AIDS; 55 million from Sub-Saharan

AfricaAfrica

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““Failed States”Failed States” An estimated 2 billion people An estimated 2 billion people

live in countries in danger of live in countries in danger of collapse.collapse.

In failed/failing states:In failed/failing states: The government has lost The government has lost

control of the legitimate use of control of the legitimate use of forceforce

It is not able to deliver public It is not able to deliver public servicesservices

It is marked by violence and It is marked by violence and extreme povertyextreme poverty

““Failed States Index 2006”Failed States Index 2006” SudanSudan Democratic Republic of the Democratic Republic of the

CongoCongo Ivory CoastIvory Coast IraqIraq ZimbabweZimbabwe ChadChad SomaliaSomalia HaitiHaiti PakistanPakistan AfghanistanAfghanistan

SOURCE: SOURCE: Foreign Policy Foreign Policy MagazineMagazine, May 2006, May 2006

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Ethnic groupsin Africa

Artificial bordershave created conflict in:

•Congo (Zaire)•Nigeria•Uganda•Angola•Zimbabwe•Sudan•Rwanda/Burundi

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Never again? Genocide in RwandaNever again? Genocide in Rwanda

Burundi/Rwanda Burundi/Rwanda colonized by Germanycolonized by Germany BelgiumBelgium

Belgian authorities ruled Belgian authorities ruled through Tutsi minoritythrough Tutsi minority

After independence After independence (1962) majority Hutus (1962) majority Hutus controlled governmentcontrolled government

April-July 1994: 800,000 April-July 1994: 800,000 killed—mostly Tutsikilled—mostly Tutsi

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Crisis in SudanCrisis in Sudan Independent 1956Independent 1956

19 major ethnicities, 597 sub-groups, 100 languages and 19 major ethnicities, 597 sub-groups, 100 languages and dialectsdialects

Since July 2003 Arab camel-herding “Janjaweed,” has Since July 2003 Arab camel-herding “Janjaweed,” has targeted non-Arab agricultural tribestargeted non-Arab agricultural tribes

Death toll estimates from 50,000 – 400,000; U.S. has Death toll estimates from 50,000 – 400,000; U.S. has labeled “genocide”labeled “genocide”

Sudanese government will not allow U.N. Peacekeeping Sudanese government will not allow U.N. Peacekeeping Mission into countryMission into country

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South Africa South Africa

ApartheidApartheid African National African National

CongressCongress MandelaMandela Majority rule - 1994 Majority rule - 1994

http://www.npr.org/news/specials/mandela/

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Incomplete decolonization:Incomplete decolonization:ApartheidApartheid in South Africa in South Africa

14% of South African population 14% of South African population descended from British and descended from British and Dutch settlersDutch settlers

1948: system of 1948: system of apartheidapartheid [separateness] established[separateness] established

By law, 87% of territory By law, 87% of territory belonged to white settlersbelonged to white settlers

Separate and unequal schools, Separate and unequal schools, residences, public facilities, residences, public facilities, access to jobsaccess to jobs

Violent suppression of Violent suppression of opposition, including African opposition, including African National Congress [ANC]; National Congress [ANC]; Nelson Mandela imprisoned Nelson Mandela imprisoned 1964-901964-90

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The end of The end of apartheidapartheid

Due to domestic and Due to domestic and international outrage, international outrage, F.W. DeKlerk released F.W. DeKlerk released Nelson Mandela from Nelson Mandela from prison in 1990 and open prison in 1990 and open elections were held in elections were held in 1994, ending minority 1994, ending minority rule.rule.

Nelson Mandela Nelson Mandela became the first black became the first black president of South president of South AfricaAfrica

Nelson Mandela

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Latin AmericaLatin AmericaCold War CompetitionCold War Competition

1947-48 Rio Pact and Organization of American 1947-48 Rio Pact and Organization of American States (OAS)States (OAS)

1961-62 Bay of Pigs and Cuban Missile Crisis1961-62 Bay of Pigs and Cuban Missile Crisis

Between 1954-89 the U.S. influenced or Between 1954-89 the U.S. influenced or intervened in anti-leftist movements in intervened in anti-leftist movements in Guatemala, Nicaragua, Haiti, Panama, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Haiti, Panama, Dominican Republic, Brazil, Chile, El Salvador, Dominican Republic, Brazil, Chile, El Salvador, GrenadaGrenada

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Exodus, Bob MarleyExodus, Bob MarleyExodus, movement of jah people! oh-Exodus, movement of jah people! oh-oh-oh, yea-eah!oh-oh, yea-eah!

Men and people will fight ya down Men and people will fight ya down (tell me why!)(tell me why!)When ya see jah light. (ha-ha-ha-ha-When ya see jah light. (ha-ha-ha-ha-ha-ha-ha!)ha-ha-ha!)Let me tell you if you’re not wrong; Let me tell you if you’re not wrong; (then, why? )(then, why? )Everything is all right.Everything is all right.So we gonna walk - all right! - So we gonna walk - all right! - through de roads of creation:through de roads of creation:We the generation (tell me why!)We the generation (tell me why!)(trod through great tribulation) trod (trod through great tribulation) trod through great tribulation.through great tribulation.

Exodus, all right! movement of jah Exodus, all right! movement of jah people!people!Oh, yeah! o-oo, yeah! all right!Oh, yeah! o-oo, yeah! all right!Exodus: movement of jah people! oh, Exodus: movement of jah people! oh, yeah!yeah!

Open your eyes and look within:Open your eyes and look within:Are you satisfied (with the life you’re Are you satisfied (with the life you’re living)? uh!living)? uh!We know where we’re going, uh!We know where we’re going, uh!We know where we’re from.We know where we’re from.We’re leaving Babylon,We’re leaving Babylon,We’re going to our father land.We’re going to our father land.

Exodus: movement of jah people! oh, yeah!Exodus: movement of jah people! oh, yeah!(movement of jah people!) (movement of jah people!) Send us another brother Moses!Send us another brother Moses!(movement of jah people!) from across the (movement of jah people!) from across the Red Sea!Red Sea!(movement of jah people!) send us another (movement of jah people!) send us another brother moses!brother moses!(movement of jah people!) from across the (movement of jah people!) from across the red sea!red sea!Movement of jah people!Movement of jah people!

Open your eyes and look within:Open your eyes and look within:Are you satisfied with the life you’re living? Are you satisfied with the life you’re living? We know where we’re going;We know where we’re going;We know where we’re from.We know where we’re from.We’re leaving Babylon, y’all!We’re leaving Babylon, y’all!We’re going to our father’s land.We’re going to our father’s land.

Jah come to break down ‘pression,Jah come to break down ‘pression,Rule equality,Rule equality,Wipe away transgression,Wipe away transgression,Set the captives free.Set the captives free.

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Redemption Song, Bob MarleyRedemption Song, Bob Marley

Won't you help to singWon't you help to singThese songs of freedom? -These songs of freedom? -'Cause all I ever have:'Cause all I ever have:Redemption songs;Redemption songs;Redemption songs;Redemption songs;Redemption songs.Redemption songs.

Emancipate yourselves from mental slavery;Emancipate yourselves from mental slavery;None but ourselves can free our mind.None but ourselves can free our mind.Wo! Have no fear for atomic energy,Wo! Have no fear for atomic energy,'Cause none of them-a can-a stop-a the time.'Cause none of them-a can-a stop-a the time.How long shall they kill our prophets,How long shall they kill our prophets,While we stand aside and look?While we stand aside and look?Yes, some say it's just a part of it:Yes, some say it's just a part of it:We've got to fulfil de book.We've got to fulfil de book.

Won't you help to singWon't you help to singDese songs of freedom? -Dese songs of freedom? -'Cause all I ever had:'Cause all I ever had:Redemption songs -Redemption songs -All I ever had:All I ever had:Redemption songs:Redemption songs:These songs of freedom,These songs of freedom,Songs of freedom. Songs of freedom.

Old pirates, yes, they rob I;Old pirates, yes, they rob I;Sold I to the merchant ships,Sold I to the merchant ships,Minutes after they took IMinutes after they took IFrom the bottomless pit.From the bottomless pit.But my hand was made strongBut my hand was made strongBy the 'and of the Almighty.By the 'and of the Almighty.We forward in this generationWe forward in this generationTriumphantly.Triumphantly.Won't you help to singWon't you help to singThese songs of freedom? -These songs of freedom? -'Cause all I ever have:'Cause all I ever have:Redemption songs;Redemption songs;Redemption songs.Redemption songs.

Emancipate yourselves from mental Emancipate yourselves from mental slavery;slavery;None but ourselves can free our None but ourselves can free our minds.minds.Have no fear for atomic energy,Have no fear for atomic energy,'Cause none of them can stop the time.'Cause none of them can stop the time.How long shall they kill our prophets,How long shall they kill our prophets,While we stand aside and look? Ooh!While we stand aside and look? Ooh!Some say it's just a part of it:Some say it's just a part of it:We've got to fulfil de book.We've got to fulfil de book.

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Latin America in the 20Latin America in the 20thth century centuryPolitical DevelopmentsPolitical Developments

A.A. Political Stability through Political Stability through Authoritarian Leaders (the Authoritarian Leaders (the persistence of caudillismo)persistence of caudillismo)

B.B. Role of the Military in PoliticsRole of the Military in Politics

C.C. Political Revolution - Political Revolution - attraction of communism attraction of communism (Cuba and Castro); (Cuba and Castro); Nicaragua; JamaicaNicaragua; Jamaica

D.D. Human Right Abuses in the Human Right Abuses in the 1980's - Argentina, Chile, El 1980's - Argentina, Chile, El SalvadorSalvador

E.E. Movement towards Movement towards Democracy in the 1990'sDemocracy in the 1990's

Economic DevelopmentsEconomic Developments

A.A. Economic Growth - "One Economic Growth - "One Crop Economies" and Crop Economies" and DependencyDependency

B.B. 20th century European 20th century European Immigration and its Immigration and its Impact Impact - Italy, Spain, - Italy, Spain, PortugalPortugal

C.C. Urbanization - Urbanization - "megacities" "megacities" (Mexico (Mexico City, Rio de City, Rio de Janeiro)Janeiro)

D.D. "Narcodemocracies" - "Narcodemocracies" - Colombia, PeruColombia, Peru

E.E. Oil Producers - Mexico, Oil Producers - Mexico, VenezuelaVenezuela

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Revolution!

Che Guevara

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Alfredo Rostgaard, 1969

Christ guerrilla

This poster illustrates a quotation of the Columbian priest Camilo Torres: If Jesus were alive today, he would be a guerrillero. Torres, one of the most forceful spokesmen of the so-called liberation theology, joins the armed struggle and gets killed in 1969.

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Massacre in the Cathedral,

Fernando Botero, Colombian Artist

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Post-colonial or neo-colonial?Post-colonial or neo-colonial?

Challenges of newly Challenges of newly independent nations:independent nations:

Legacies of Legacies of colonization: unnatural colonization: unnatural national borders, national borders, internal conflict, no internal conflict, no tradition of self-ruletradition of self-rule

External political and External political and economic pressures economic pressures during the Cold War during the Cold War the difficulty of the difficulty of remaining unalignedremaining unaligned McDonald’s in Africa

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"I will give you a talisman. Whenever you are in doubt, or when the self becomes too much with you, apply the following test. Recall the face of

the poorest and the weakest man [woman] whom you may have seen, and ask yourself, if the step you contemplate is going to be of any use to him

[her]. Will he [she] gain anything by it? Will it restore him [her] to a control over his [her] own life and destiny? In other words, will it lead to

swaraj [freedom] for the hungry and spiritually starving millions?       Then you will find your doubts and your self melt away.“

 - One of the last notes left behind by Gandhi in 1948, expressing his deepest social thought.

Source: Mahatma Gandhi [Last Phase, Vol. II (1958), P. 65].

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