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Get out your notes. Skeleton System Vocab Quiz. Use your Notes Define the following word on a piece of paper Osseus Porous Axial Cartilage Circulation Appendicular Calcify Brittle Flexible Sedentary. Skeletal system . Structure and Function. Structure of Bone. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Get out your notes
Skeleton System Vocab Quiz
Use your Notes Define the following word on a piece of
paper1. Osseus2. Porous3. Axial 4. Cartilage5. Circulation6. Appendicular7. Calcify8. Brittle9. Flexible10. Sedentary
SKELETAL SYSTEM Structure and Function
Structure of Bone Made up of osseous tissue
What does osseous mean? Have their own blood vessels
and nerves allowing for circulationWhy is this important?Growth and healing
Structure of Bone Cells
Osteoblasts: bone building, bone repairing cells in the periosteum
Osteocytes: osteoblast embedded within the bone matrix
Osteoclasts: cells that cause absorption of bone
Structure of Bone Periostium
Dense, fibrous membrane covering bone
Contains blood vesselsEssential for bone cell survival and bone formation
Functions of bones Support: body structure and
shape, framework Protect: vital organs Storage: minerals calcium &
phosphorus Produce: blood cells Movement: where muscles
attach, allow flexibility when moved by muscles
Types of Bones Long Bones
Longer than their width Humerus Radius Ulna Femur Tibia Fibula
Types of Bones
Types of Bones Short Bones
Length and width are nearly equal Wrist and hands (carpals) Ankle and feet (tarsals)
Types of Bones
Types of Bones Flat Bones
2 layers of bone divided by a narrow space Skull Sternum Ribs Shoulder Blade
Types of Bones
Types of Bones Irregular Bones
Don’t fit into the other categories Face Spine Hip
Types of Bones
Types of Bones - Groups Axial
Pertaining to the central structures of the body Skull Vertebrae Ribs and Sternum
80 bones
Types of Bones - Groups Appendicular
Pertaining to any body part added to the axis Arms Legs Hands Feet Pelvis
126 Bones
Types of Bones - Groups How many bones are in the human body????
Axial + Appendicular= 206 bones
Bone Formation Skeleton fully formed by 2nd month of
fetal development (all cartilage) Ossification begins after 8th week of
fetal development Childhood and adolescence:
ossification exceeds bone loss Early adulthood through middle age:
ossification equals bone loss After age 35: bone loss exceeds
ossification** Ossification – laying down of new
bone tissue by osteoblasts
Joints Where 2 bones meet Types are classified by the
amount of movement allowed1. Immovable
- Cranium2. Slightly moveable
- Vertebral discs3. Free moving
- All appendicular joints
Joints Free Moving
JointsHinge JointBall and Socket Joint
Pivot JointGliding Joint
Ligaments Connect bone to bone
ACLPCLMCLLCLUCL
Tendons Connect muscle to bone
Patellar TendonBicep Tendon
Bone Markings - Purpose
Join one bone to another Provide a surface for attachment of
muscles Create an opening for passage of
blood vessels and nerves Use as landmarks
Bone Markings Process: bony prominence or projection Condyle: a rounded knuckle-like
prominence usually at a point of articulation
Epicondyle: small projection Head: rounded articulating process at the
end of a bone Spine: a sharp, slender projection
Bone Markings
Tubercle: a small rounded process Tuberosity: a large rounded process Depression: a hollow-region or opening Fissure: narrow, slit-like opening Sulcus: a groove Facet: a small area on a bone
Axial Skeleton
Skull 22 Bones
Axial SkeletonEar
(12 Bones)
Axial SkeletonRibs12 pairs Attach posteriorly and anteriorly by costal cartilage
Sternum
Axial SkeletonVertebral Column (26 Bones)
Cervical - 7 bones Thoracic – 12
bones Lumbar – 5 bones Sacral – 5 fused
bones Coccyx – 3 – 4
fused bones
Appendicular Skeleton Shoulder Girdle
Clavicles (2): collar bones
Scapulas (2): shoulder blades
Appendicular Skeleton Upper Extremities
Humerus: upper armRadius: thumb side of forearm
Ulna: little finger side of forearm
Carpals (8): wrist bonesMetacarpals (5): hand bonesPhalanges (14): finger bones
Appendicular Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton Pelvic Girdle
Os Coxae (2): contains the acetabulum (hip socket)3 components: ilium, ischium, pubis
Also, contains the saccrum
Appendicular Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton Lower Extremities
Femur: thigh bonePatella: kneecapTibia: shin boneFibula: lateral bone of lower legTarsals (7): ankle bones; talus
and calcaneusMetatarsals (5): foot bonesPhalanges (14): toe bones; great
toe = halux
Appendicular Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton
Fractures Page 155 Figure 8.12
Draw and label in your notes Add Oblique and Spiral after simple transverse
Common Disorders of the Skeletal System
Page 153-154 Table 8.3
Copy the Conditions, their disorders, and their symptoms into your notes