GERUND

Verb in the –ing form that used as a noun.

Verb + -ing = Noun

Launch + -ing = Launching Improve + -ing = Improving Work + -ing = Working

GERUND

Gerund is used in the same ways as a NOUN. It can be a Subject or an Object.

Playing tennis is fun. S V We enjoy playing tennis. S V O He’s excited about playing tennis. prep. O

GERUND

A gerund is frequently used as the subject of a sentence. Improving students’ speaking skill is quite

difficult. Watching TV too long is not good. Launching a new album in this season is the

best decision. Strolling around Banjarnegara after noon with

my friends sound good.

USING GERUND AS SUBJECT

Sometimes a gerund is used with it when the speaker is talking about a particular situation and wants to give the idea of “while”.

Runa was mad. It was bored talking with her.

It was bored talking with her when she was mad.

Talking with her is bored.

GERUND vs IT+INFINITIVE

………….is not easy. (Climbing to the top of the mountain is not easy)

………….is hard. ………….is usually a lot of fun. ………….is boring. ………….can be interesting. ………….as a good experience. does ………….sound like fun to you? ………….is considered impolite in my country.

Complete the sentences. Use gerund phrases as subjects.

Teasing animals is cruel. -> it is cruel to tease animals. It wasn’t difficult to find their house. -> finding their

house wasn’t difficult. Voting in every election is important. It was exciting to meet the president. Hearing the other side of the story would be interesting. It is unusual to see Budi awake early in the morning. If you know how, it is easy to float in water for a long

time. Mastering a second language takes time and patience. Driving to Bandung will take us ten hours. It takes courage to dive into the sea from high cliff.

Restate the sentence by changing a sentence with gerund as the subject to a sentence with it + infinitive, and vice-versa.

A gerund is frequently used as the object of preposition.

a. we talked about going to Australia for our vacation.

b. Nada is in charge of organizing the meeting. I’m interested in learning more about English. I’m used to sleeping with the window open.

GERUND AS OBJECT OF PREPOSITION

Example: I apologize for not being able to see

you off at the airport tomorrow.

He resented not having been invited

to the party.

Formed by adding “not” before it.

1. Thank you for (help) helping me carry the bags. 2. I have no excuse…. (be)…..late. 3. I’m accustomed…. (have)…..a big breakfast. 4. the rain prevented us….. (complete)…..the work. 5. instead …… (study) …….., Dana went to Mall with her friends. 6. he showed us how to get to his house …… (draw)….. A map 7. who is responsible …… (wash)…..and (dry)……the dishes

after dinner? 8. Putri isn’t interested…… (look)……for a new job. 9. Bill isn’t used…. (wear)…….a suit and tie averyday. 10. in addition…. (go)…..to school full time, Sam has a part-time

job. 11. Laura had a good reason …… (go, not)…….to class

yesterday.

Supply an appropriate preposition and verb form

Acknowledge , admit , anticipate , appreciate , avoid ,

celebrate , defer , delay , deny , detest , dislike , like ,

consider , doubt , enjoy , escape , excuse , fancy , finish , forgive , remember ,imagine , include , keep , mention , mind , miss , propose , pardon , postpone , practice , prevent , recall , recollect , report , resent , resist , risk , save , stand , suggest , tolerate , understand , be worth , be busy

Note: The following words are followed by gerunds, not infinitives:

In the following phrases, to is a preposition.

used to, averse to, closed to, object to, devoted to, when it comes to, opposed to, susceptible to, look forward to, accustomed to, confessed to, key

to

Possessive : my, our, your, his, her, its, their. Possessive form of nouns : John’s my brother’s

Example :

Would you mind my using your book?

Would you mind Joan’s using your dictionary?

After a possessive or the possessive form

of nouns