geovation - digital shoreditch problem pow wow

How do we build healthy communities in Shoreditch?

Problem Pow Wow Output 23rd April, 2013 - Shoreditch © All rights reserved - Chris JL

Summary

10 people engaged in total

72 ‘raw’ problems

23 sub-themes

47 insights.

Healthy communities

By “building healthy communities” we mean building capital, whether this is natural, human, social, manufactured or financial.

The Five Capitals ModelThe Five Capitals Model provides a basis for understanding sustainability in terms of the economic concept of wealth creation or ‘capital’.

Any community will use five types of capital to deliver its products or services. A sustainable community will maintain and where possible enhance these stocks of capital assets, rather than deplete or degrade them.

The model allows communities to broaden its understanding of financial sustainability by allowing business to consider how wider environmental and social issues can affect long-term profitability.

The Five Capitals Model for healthy communities comprises of five values:

1. Natural environment2. Human health and wellbeing3. Social interaction4. Manufactured assets5. Financial assets

We asked

What are the barriers to building healthy communities (capital) in Shoreditch?” © All rights reserved - photographer695

Value 1: Natural Capital (environmental)

Natural resources (e.g timber, gas, recycling) and processes (e.g climate regulation) used within communities to produce products or services and maintain environmental balance.

Enhanced by more efficient use of materials, cleaner environment and protecting eco-systems.

Sub theme 1. Cost of pollution

Key problems associated with pollution in Shoreditch and surrounding areas

What is the problem?

Why does it matter?

# 1.1 Industrial waste affect growing areas

How do we reduce the high levels of lead and other contamination that affects residents’ community gardens.

Lead poisoning can cause abdominal pain, headaches and in extreme circumstances seizures and death1. Therefore produce must be grown in expensive raised beds costing more than £10/metre squared2 rather than cultivating contaminated soil at ground level.

Who does it affect?

Where does it happen?

# 1.1 Industrial waste affect growing areas

New North Road and Estate Community Gardens and residents’ gardens

Wenlock Barn Estate


Why does it matter?

# 1.2 Congested pollution

How do we reduce pollution in heavily congested areas of Shoreditch where people walk around?

Fine particles from air pollution can lead to short term irritation of the eyes, nose and throat and long-term effects such as asthma, chronic respiratory disease and lung cancer. Pollution caused 4267 premature deaths in London in 2008. A permanent reduction in pollution would add 3 weeks to Londoners’ lives.3

Who does it affect?


Pedestrians.

In particular in roads (rat runs) heavily used to avoid traffic exclusion zones.

# 1.2 Congested pollution

Sub theme 2. Cost of dumping waste

Key problems associated with dumping of waste.


Why does it matter?

# 2.1 Night time economy dumping

How do we educate those out for the evening to have a good time and not dump litter?

Hackney Council spend over £1 million of their £1.1. billion yearly public spending budget4 on cleaning the streets5.

Who does it affect?


Residents and visitors in the evening extended to work

Near pubs, bars, restaurants, takeaways as well as connecting routes.

# 2.1 Night time economy dumping


Why does it matter?

# 2.2 Dog poo blues

How do we encourage irresponsible dog owners to ensure their dogs’ poo is not fouling the environment?

It creates an unpleasant and unhygienic environment for residents and visitors. 100 cases of toxocariasis, which in extreme cases leads to blindness, are caught by children playing in areas where dog faeces are every year6.

Who does it affect?


Residents and people visiting the area

Main dog walking routes such as parks, streets and pedestrianised areas

# 2.2 Dog poo blues


Why does it matter?

# 2.3 Low priority recycling

How can we make recycling fun and a ‘no-brainer’ for people and businesses to do as part of their daily habits?

Britain throws more into landfill than any other country in Europe. Hackney Council’s aim is that by 2020 half of all waste will be recycled, this is double what is recycled currently7. For every tonne over quota there is fine of £150 to Council’s8, which cuts into the public spending budget.

Who does it affect?


Businesses, householders, visitors to Shoreditch

Businesses, householders, parks and throughout the area

# 2.3 Low priority recycling

Sub theme 3. Locally sourced power

Key problems associated with generating power locally


Why does it matter?

# 3.1 Powered by Shoreditch

How could we generate more renewable energy in Shoreditch by engaging local businesses and residents?

Demand for energy in London is rising by 4% a year. Boris Johnson has set a target that 25% of the capital’s energy should be created from local sources by 2025.9 However, the UK is set to miss the EU target of 20% renewable energy production by 2020.10

Who does it affect?


All people

Potentially the whole area

# 3.1 Powered by Shoreditch


Why does it matter?

# 3.2 Lack of power

How do we ensure new and expanding businesses get access to the power they rapidly need to operate e.g. a new restaurant?

Sourcing suitable power can delay the process for a new business moving into the area and is a potential barrier.

Who does it affect?


New businesses, expanding businesses.

Throughout the area

# 3.2 Lack of power

Sub theme 4. Sourcing food locally

Key problems associated with sourcing food locally


Why does it matter?

# 4.1 Get it here

How could we enable local eateries to source local/ sustainable food?

Londoners spend nearly £11 billion on food a year which has travelled an average of 1,300 food miles despite 12,000 hectares of Greater London being farmland.11 13% of England’s food and drink manufacturing enterprises are located in London, employing 31,000 people.12

Who does it affect?


Businesses and residents

Throughout the area

# 4.2 Get it here

Sub theme 5. Internet speed and coverage

Key problems associated with internet speed and coverage


Why does it matter?

# 5.1 Slow and expensive internet

How can we influence the two main internet suppliers to install cable into the area to increase connection speed and reduce costs?

Progress is already being made. The Shoreditch Network collaboration is delivering high speed fibre infrastructure and secure IT cloud services for the cluster of businesses in Shoreditch. The collaboration comprises three Tech City based technology businesses – bandwidth infrastructure provider euNetworks, leading cloud hosting provider Carrenza, and network specialists Optimity.13

Who does it affect?


Businesses, residents and visitors

Throughout the area

# 5.1 Slow and expensive internet


Why does it matter?

# 5.2 100% public Wi-Fi access

How do we ensure everyone who lives or visits Shoreditch gets 100%, fast coverage, for free?

One in seven people (14%) insist wifi access is crucial for them to consider entering a coffee shop while one in ten have changed venue because of a lack of internet access. Nearly three in five (58%) people admit they connect online when out shopping.14

Who does it affect?


Businesses, residents and visitors

Throughout the area

# 5.2 100% public Wi-Fi access

Value 2: Human Health and Wellbeing

Peoples’ health, wellbeing, knowledge, skills, motivation and relationships.

Can be enhanced through support, opportunity, education, training, health promotion, recreation, human rights.

Sub theme 6. Business cost of social exclusion

Key problems associated with business cost of social exclusion


Why does it matter?

# 6.1 Old Street Tube

How can we create a positive impression for people arriving at Old Street tube station?

Old Street tube station is particularly important since Shoreditch tube station closed in 2006; in 2011-12 it had 1,336,722 entries and exits15. However, a local hotel recently lost a corporate client and 1,000 room bookings due to its poor appearance.

Who does it affect?


Businesses, residents and visitors to area

Old Street

# 6.1 Old Street Tube

Sub theme 7. Discovering genuine employment and employability opportunities

Key problems associated with finding opportunities


Why does it matter?

# 7.1 Lack of opportunity

How can we help those seeking employment tackle long-term health problems?

78% of the unemployed have been out of work for a year or more. Many are lone parents with over 40% diagnosed with health problems.16

Who does it affect?


Those seeking employment or transition to a new job

All areas

# 7.1 Lack of opportunity


Why does it matter?

# 7.2 Opportunity unaware

How do we ensure that people are fully aware of all the opportunities to volunteer and ‘try stuff out’ when they think there’s nothing available?

Employers are 73% more likely to employ someone that volunteers over someone that doesn’t17. Other benefits include improving self-confidence, meeting new people and helping build pride in the community.

Who does it affect?


Unemployed

All areas

# 7.2 Opportunity unaware

Sub theme 8. Developing great employability skills

Key problems associated with developing great employability skills


Why does it matter?

# 8.1 Lack of individual skills

How can we help specific unemployed people to develop basic employability skills such as timeliness, good communication and dealing with authority, so they can operate effectively in the work place?

Of Hackney’s population of 246,270, thirty percent are unemployed, with 1,800 of 18-24 year olds not in employment or education.18

Who does it affect?


Unemployed / low skilled / low paid

Poorer East London and public housing areas

# 8.1 Lack of individual skills


Why does it matter?

# 8.2 Lack of skills

How can we help employers find employees from the local market?

Recruiting from the locality will create ‘local buzz’ which creates an environment conducive to innovative knowledge transfer between businesses and therefore competitive advantage over other areas.19

Who does it affect?


Small and growing businesses e.g. tech

Across wards

# 8.2 Lack of skills

Sub theme 9. Attracting and retaining skilled people

Key problems associated with attracting and retaining skilled people


Why does it matter?

# 9.1 Lack of affordable housing

How can we make it possible for residents to stay in Shoreditch when local housing is becoming increasingly unaffordable?

People are moving out of Shoreditch which may lead to weaker work ties to the area. An increase of 10km in commuting distance to work reduces the expected duration of stay in the same job and residence by 2 years.20

Who does it affect?


People on benefits and low paid

Poorer East London and public housing areas

# 9.1 Lack of affordable housing

Theme 10. Developing a new business model for recruitment

Key problems associated with recruiting local people


Why does it matter?

# 10.1 The existing recruitment model

How can we get employers engaged to shift and change policy on how they recruit for talent from traditional filtering e.g. 2:1 grading from ‘Russell group universities’ to something more flexible

70% of graduate employers demand at least a 2:1 degree and a quarter of recruiters feel ‘new’ universities produce lower quality graduates21. 6.9% of employers in the UK insist on taking only candidates from Russell Group universities22, however only one of the six universities in the Hackney area is part of the Russell Group23.

Who does it affect?


SME’s, big corporates e.g. Facebook

Across wards

# 10.1 The existing recruitment model

Sub theme 11. Healthier lifestyles

Key problems associated with adopting healthier lifestyles


Why does it matter?

# 11.1 Educating healthy lifestyles

How can we better educate people about, and get them to actively engage in, adopting healthier lifestyles despite rising costs and austerity?

People have ‘healthier living’ campaign-fatigue. 57% of people use cost as their excuse for not eating healthy foods24. 35,709 people in the Borough of Hackney (14.6% of the population) have a long term limiting illness16.

Who does it affect?


All demographics

Shoreditch wide

# 11.1 Educating healthy lifestyles


Why does it matter?

# 11.2 Competing for disposable time

How do we make sport relevant and timely as a 3-day-a-week habit when it’s competing against other activities like Facebook, YouTube and shopping?

33% of adults are involved in group sport activities, this is the largest single category of social participation25. A bout of physical activity can result in anxiety levels and feelings of increased well-being for up to 3 hours after the activity26.

Who does it affect?


All demographics

Shoreditch wide

# 11.2 Competing for disposable time


Why does it matter?

# 11.3 Scary sport

How can we make participation in sport accessible to all by removing the barriers that make it feel formal whilst creating mass participation?

If sport is seen as something that you have to be skilled to do, it can be off-putting to those who lack the confidence to get involved. 35% of adults don’t participate in sport because they don’t have someone to do it with27.

Who does it affect?


All demographics

Shoreditch wide

# 11.3 Scary sport


Why does it matter?

# 11.4 The poor health trap

How can we make is possible for those on low income to eat healthily, do more exercise and reduce dependency (in specific cases) on drugs, alcohol and unhealthy food?

1/3 of unemployed in Shoreditch have a long-term health problem. In addition, the average life of someone living in East London is 4 years shorter than the national average of 85 for men and 89 for women.28

Who does it affect?


All demographics

Shoreditch wide

# 11.4 The poor health trap


Why does it matter?

# 11.5 Ethnicity diets

How can we encourage various community groups who have specific diets with very high fat content to consider healthier choices?

Some groups are constrained in terms of what they eat by, for example, their religion. BME groups generally have worse health than the overall population29. Nearly a fifth of all Londoners are obese, whereas 41% of the Black African female population living in London are obese30.

Who does it affect?


Specific community groups

Shoreditch wide

# 11.5 Ethnicity diets

Value 3: Social Capital

Social interactions such as families, communities, organisations, and groups that help us maintain and develop human wellbeing.

Can be enhanced through shared values and trust.

Sub theme 12: Spatial Information

Key problems associated with making information about spaces more visible and accessible to groups of people…

# 12.1 Community space mapping

How do we identify places across Shoreditch that are significant to different groups of people (say a bingo club, a mosque, a café) to enable smarter communication?

Money and time could be wasted on ineffectual communications campaigns. Knowing what people view as significant allows more effective targeting of communications about, and delivery of, services.


Why does it matter?

# 12.1 Community space mapping

Professionals wanting to communicate more effectively with groups in Shoreditch. People wanting access to, or to join, a group

We don’t know! Across Shoreditch.

Who does it affect?


# 12.2 What’s planned?

How do we keep people informed about what planning applications are in progress across Shoreditch and enable easier access to and influence of the process?

If people don’t know about planning applications, they can’t comment or influence development happening in their local area. Public notices on lampposts and complex websites are not accessible to all, particularly the disabled and those without internet access.


Why does it matter?

# 12.2 What’s planned?

Everyone living in Shoreditch.

Any areas where development activity is going to take place or where someone with a development interest has identified.

Who does it affect?


Sub theme 13: Eliminating assumption

Key problems associated with eliminating assumptions about communities and their views to create better understanding of communities’ wants and needs…

# 13.1 Local perceptions of place

How do we help the council better understand local views on what does and doesn’t constitute an area, rather than relying on administrative boundaries drawn on a map?

Administrative boundaries may not reflect what parts of an area are important to members of the community, resulting in services being targeted in the wrong place and being less effective.


Why does it matter?

# 13.1 Local perceptions of place

Residents of ShoreditchPlanners

Shoreditch

Who does it affect?


# 13.2 What they say it is

How can you measure the impact of any interventions on the social capital of different groups in Shoreditch?

Social capital is what the recipient of the intervention thinks it is, not what the provider of the intervention says it is. Actual and perceived impacts of intervention may be viewed differently by conflicting parties.


Why does it matter?

# 13.2 What they say it is

Recipients of interventions designed to improve social capital in Shoreditch

Across Shoreditch in areas where specific groups are active

Who does it affect?


# 13.3 Park user conflict

How can we better tap into park users’ view on the use of the park without resorting to traditional focus groups and the usual suspects?

Parks add five percent to the value of dwellings within 500 feet of them but also add value in terms of health benefits, community cohesion and reducing pollution31.


Why does it matter?

# 13.3 Park user conflict

Dog walkersSports usersResidents who live next to it.

Shoreditch Park (one of fifty six in Hackney)

Who does it affect?


Sub theme 14: Creating connections

Key problems associated with creating connections between disparate groups of people…

# 14.1 Digital apprenticeships

How can we help young people get actively involved in Digital Shoreditch now, in order that they are participants in the long term future?

Better links between Digital Shoreditch and Hackney’s 57,024 young people32 will help to avoid a massive severance between it and the immediate local community (such as has occurred in Canary Wharf33).


Why does it matter?

# 14.1 Digital apprenticeships

Young people at secondary school and in further education.

Within the schools and colleges of Shoreditch and the surrounding areas. Within the businesses of Tech City. Across various online communities.

Who does it affect?


# 14.2 Empowering non-techies

How can the technology businesses of Shoreditch connect and empower non-technical members of the local community?

144,473 people live, work and play in Shoreditch34 and 52% of the economy is in sectors other than science, technical and professional, information and communication35.


Why does it matter?

# 14.2 Empowering non-techies

Anyone not part of the Tech City community

Non digital (analogue) parts of Shoreditch.

Who does it affect?


# 14.3 Digital community feedback

How do we prevent community members who do not have access to social media etc. from becoming marginalised from the debate that affects them?

In the UK 21% of adults do not have access to the internet and 4 in 10 users do not have a social networking site profile36. For a truly healthy Shoreditch community, developments such as Tech City should not result in marginalisation of its members.


Why does it matter?

# 14.3 Digital community feedback

Non-digital population

Shoreditch and the immediate area.

Who does it affect?


Sub theme 15: Positive transition

Key problems associated with ensuring transitory nature of some of the community members of Shoreditch has positive impact…

# 15.1 As you’d like it

How can we minimise, or indeed eliminate, antisocial behavior, noise pollution and property destruction that can occur from transitory night life communities who take less care than they might in areas where they live?

There were 2056 crimes in Hackney per 1000 residents in January 2013, nearly 400 of which were cases of anti-social behaviour.37 Residents’ quality of life can be affected and friction can build up between resident communities and the transitory population.


Why does it matter?

# 15.1 As you’d like it

Residents of Shoreditch

Shoreditch High StreetBrick Lane

Who does it affect?


# 15.2 Capturing transitory value

How can the social capital that occurs in Shoreditch during different points of the day be made more accessible to other areas such as Hackney or Tower Hamlets?

Shoreditch contains transitory populations who come in to work and leave again but maybe don’t take back and share the ‘Shoreditch Experience’.


Why does it matter?

# 15.2 Capturing transitory value

People who work, but not live, in Shoreditch.

In the businesses of Shoreditch.

Who does it affect?


Sub theme 16: Volunteer constraints

Key problems associated with capitalising on peoples’ desire to volunteer despite the constraints they may have…

# 16.1 Minutes look after the hours

How do we aggregate the slivers of peoples’ limited time and their know how to make a difference in the community?

Even a few minutes volunteering can make a real difference from writing a letter to a sick child to making resusable bags to support recycling.


Why does it matter?

# 16.1 Minutes look after the hours

All

Everywhere

Who does it affect?


# 16.2 Green volunteers

How do we help those who want to volunteer in green spaces know where they can do so and what opportunities exist?

£7.8 million is budgeted to manage and maintain Hackney’s 56 parks, gardens and open spaces in 2013-1438 which is £1.2 million less than the year before39. Volunteers could make a significant contribution.


Why does it matter?

# 16.2 Green volunteers

Parks department staffLocal people with an interest in green spaces and a potential desire to volunteer.

Parks in Hackney

Who does it affect?


Value 4: Manufacturing assets

Includes buildings, transport, communications, and available technology and tools within communities.

Can be enhanced by more sustainable and efficient use of these assets.

Sub theme 17: Tech asset utilisation

Key problems associated with enabling better utilisation of technology assets…

# 17.1 Ready, steady, tech!

How can we use any underutilised digital infrastructure that comes with Tech City (e.g. fast video links etc.) to help people communicate, create new businesses or produce other forms of value?

Tech City has seen £50 million investment from the government40 but the infrastructure is not used efficiently 24/7. Exploiting this could help maximise returns on the investment while creating new businesses and helping their routes to market and so on.


Why does it matter?

# 17.1 Ready, steady, tech!

People who want to access technology but don’t own any.

Across Shoreditch.

Who does it affect?


Sub theme 18: Mobile asset utilisation

Key problems associated with enabling better utilisation of mobile assets and their by-products…

# 18.1 Upcycling

How can we use any excesses that Shoreditch produces (e.g. heat from businesses, waste food from restaurants) for the good of the community?

Harnessed wasted resource would be of value to the local community if appropriate systems were designed and implemented. Also there would be greater ties between the tech-city and surrounding residents.


Why does it matter?

# 18.1 Upcycling

Businesses that have any excessesCommunities that may be losing out

Shoreditch shops, restaurants, businesses.

Who does it affect?


# 18.2 Disparate deliveries

How can we minimise the waste in energy and fuel that results from disparate deliveries coming into Shoreditch on a daily basis?

The current approach results in: wasted energy, congestion, CO2 emissions, noise, pollution. Traffic combustion causes 5000 premature deaths in the UK each year41.


Why does it matter?

# 18.2 Disparate deliveries

Companies that order things

Businesses in Shoreditch

Who does it affect?


# 18.3 Cyclic kinetic

How can we capitalise on the kinetic energy that is produced each time someone rides on a Boris Bike?

One person cycling for an hour 30 days a month could produce 3 kWH, this is equivalent to 1% of an average families energy usage42.


Why does it matter?

# 18.3 Cyclic kinetic

Everyone who uses a Boris Bike.

Shoreditch and beyond (through the network of Boris Bike hubs).

Who does it affect?


Sub theme 19: Fixed asset utilisation

Key problems associated with enabling better utilisation of existing fixed assets…

# 19.1 Filling empty spaces

How can busy night-time assets be used to create social capital during the day (and vice versa with assets such as school buildings to create social capital at night).

Groups who might need spaces to use, and may typically require a new community building, could use buildings lying dormant in the day. Publicly funded building such as schools would produce greater returns on their investment, representing better public value.


Why does it matter?

# 19.1 Filling empty spaces

Night time communityDay time community

Across Shoreditch

Who does it affect?


# 19.2 Green & blue space usage

How can our parks and waterways and associated facilities be viewed by the local community as outdoor leisure centres or outdoor community centres?

Communities are not using parks as much as they might and residents’ health and well-being could benefit. Tackling this problem would provide data on utilisation, which in turn could secure future funding.


Why does it matter?

# 19.2 Green & blue space usage

Parks departmentLocal entrepreneurs (e.g. someone who want to establish a business, say a café, in a park)

56 parks and any waterways, rivers or lakes in Hackney (or Tower Hamlets).

Who does it affect?


# 19.3 Capital mapping

How could we better know what all the different bits of ‘kit’ (small and large including analogue as well as digital hardware) that exists across Shoreditch are, and how they are being used?

If we knew what tools, machines and other physical kit existed, then the data could allow new value to be created with the community accessing a ‘library’ of hard infrastructure information.


Why does it matter?

# 19.3 Capital mapping

Anyone who wants to know about manufactured capital in Shoreditch.

Shoreditch.

Who does it affect?


# 19.4 Empty office use

How could we make use of Shoreditch office space that is empty at night?

Closed offices at night represent a significant amount of space that is currently wasted and may be able to be used to good effect by community groups.


Why does it matter?

# 19.4 Empty office use

Office landlordsBusiness ownersResidents

Offices in Shoreditch.

Who does it affect?


Value 5: Financial assets

A measure of success in the form of shares, bonds and cash.

Can be enhanced by ensuring this is balanced by environmental, human, social and manufacturing values, fair distribution of wealth, creating wealth in communities.

Sub Theme 20: Community led investment

Key problems associated with enabling the community to lead on investment decisions in and around Shoreditch…

# 20.1 Community cooperative

How can we enable neighborhood level economies of scale and increased purchasing power for investments in renewable energy?

An average 3Kw solar panel installation costs an individual around £6500.43 If householders could form cooperatives more easily, discounts could be available for group purchases.


Why does it matter?

Shoreditch population unable to engage in renewable energy.

Across Shoreditch.

Who does it affect?


# 20.1 Community cooperative

Sub theme 21: New investment models

Key problems associated with developing new investment models to manage risk…

# 21.1 Retrofit investment risk

How can we create an investment model that reduces the risks associated with big ‘retrofit’ investments and creates suitable financial models for landlords and private, public, social stakeholders?

Scalable and rapid retrofit is not taking off because of a lack of stability and new business models perceived as risky.


Why does it matter?

# 21.1 Retrofit investment risk

Big business, households and Local Authority assets.

Across Shoreditch.

Who does it affect?


# 21.2 Business growth

How do we find investors prepared to take risks on new businesses?

The government has invested £50 million into Tech City40. However, new and ongoing investment is required for Tech City to thrive and for other non-digital aspects of Shoreditch to grow from a business perspective.


Why does it matter?

# 21.2 Business growth

Existing businesses who want to expand.New businesses who want to start upInvestment community

Across Shoreditch.

Who does it affect?


# 21.3 Renewable purchase power

How can we enable business level economies of scale and increased purchasing power for investments in renewable energy?

Cost of investment in renewables can be off-putting to businesses who have already made investments in setting up or growing their business.


Why does it matter?

# 21.3 Renewable purchase power

Businesses, owners and senior executives.

Across Shoreditch.

Who does it affect?


Sub theme 22: Growth climate

Key problems associated with creating conditions for businesses to remain and grow in Shoreditch…

# 22.1 Affordable work space

How can we create a way for those businesses who are expanding or have a growth strategy to move into appropriate, and affordable, managed work space?

There is a risk that young successful businesses will outgrow their initial premises and not have an alternative that keeps them in Shoreditch. If they leave Shoreditch, then the local economy will suffer.


Why does it matter?

# 22.1 Affordable work space

New businesses in Shoreditch with plans to growExisting businesses in Shoreditch experiencing growth.

Across Shoreditch.

Who does it affect?


Sub theme 23: Local assets, new income

Key problems associated with using local assets to generate new income…

# 23.1 Selling the use of green space

How can we promote and the use of green spaces to companies to launch products in, hold events in, operate businesses from?

Maintaining or increasing maintenance has associated increased costs. Parks need income against a backdrop of a reduction in budget by £1.2 million in the last year38&39.


Why does it matter?

# 23.1 Selling the use of green space

Parks department.Businesses who can utilise outside space.

Parks in and around Shoreditch (56 in Hackney).

Who does it affect?


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21. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/universityeducation/9375897/Graduate-jobs-Do-graduates-need-a-first-class-degree-to-get-a-good-job.html

22. Sims, J M. (2007) Not Enough Understanding – Student Experiences of Diversity in UK universities. Runnymede Trust

23. http://www.russellgroup.ac.uk/our-universities.aspx24. http://livinggreenmag.com/2013/04/26/food-health/the-truth-about-the-cost-of-eating-healthy/25. Coalter, F. (2005) The Social Benefits of Sport. University of Stirling: Scotland26. OECD (2003) Health at a Glance. OECD Publishing.27. http://www.activecommunities.com/blog/the-top-excuses-for-not-exercising-study/28. http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/mortality-ageing/mortality-in-england-and-wales/average-life-span/rpt-

average-life-span.html

Appendix Continued

Appendix Continued29. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology (2007) Postnote 276 – Ethnicity and Health

30. www.hackney.gov.uk/Assets/Documents/hackney-Health.pdf

31. http://cloud.tpl.org/pubs/ccpe-econvalueparks-rpt.pdf

32. www.hackney.gov.uk/Assets/Documents/hackney-Population.pdf

33. HR-CS Section G The places of today LAP 7 and 8 – Places Plan 2025 Canary Wharf

34. http://www.bealondoner.com/en/areas/shoreditch

35. http://www.hackney.gov.uk/tech-city-scrutiny-review.htm

36. stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/.../media.../media-use.../adults-media-use-2012....

37. http://www.ukcrimestats.com/Constituency/65752

38. http://www.hackney-labour.org.uk/hackney-council-budget-201314

39. http://www.lordshipn16.com/2012/03/hackney-councils-budget-for-201213.html

40. http://www.number10.gov.uk/news/50m-to-regenerate-old-st/

41. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-17704116

42. http://michaelbluejay.com/electricity/bicyclepower.html

43. http://www.uswitch.com/solar-panels/guides/solar-panels-cost/

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