GeoSciML: The logical data model of geological

conceptsBruce Simons

Eric Boisvert - GSC Boyan Brodaric - GSCDominique Janjou - BRGMChristian Bellier - BRGMSimon Cox - CSIRO Yuichiro Fusejima - GSJBruce R. Johnson - USGSJohn L. Laxton - BGSOliver Raymond - GASteve Richard - AzGS

Co-Authors

Interoperability in the Geosciences

“the ability of software and hardware on different machines from different vendors to share data”

Efficiencies for government Efficiencies for industry Benefits for the wider geoscience

community

Traditional paper map

Traditional Paper Maps Advantages

•Presents lots of information

•Readily understood by experts (~0.2%)•Targeted to specific end-users

Disadvantages•Stand-alone product

•Hard copy only

•Allows only limited analysis

•Doesn’t allow data exchange

•Single legend

•Requires further ‘explanation’

Digital Maps

Digital Maps Advantages

•Captures most map information

•Human readable

•Some data exchange capacity

•Allows queries and analysis Disadvantages

•Targeted end-user

•Single legend

•‘Flat’ data structure

•Vendor specific format

•No relationships, cross- sections, face notes

Structured Digital Data

Structured Digital Data Advantages

•Handles all the information

•Is well-structured

•Allows establishing data exchange standards

•Caters for all end-users

•Suitable for computer analysis

•Machine readable Disadvantages

•Difficult for humans to read

•Requires agreed standards

IWG

International Union of Geological Sciences

Commission for the Management and Application of Geoscience Information

Interoperability Working Group

International Organization for Standardization

Open Geospatial Consortium

Tony Cragg, Subcommittee, 1991

GML

Client

WMS WFS

WMSWFS

WMSWFS

WMS WFS

GeoSciML

GeoSciML

GeoSciML

GeoSciML

WMS WFS

GeoSciML

GSV

GA

BGS

USGS

GSCGSC mapping

GeoSciML Benefits

GeoSciML Format

USGS mapping

BGS mapping

GA mapping

GSV mapping

Canada

USA

UK

Australia

Data to GeoSciML Schema mapping

OGC ServicesDatasources

Systems(Data Services)

Syntax(Data Language)

Schematic (Data Structure)

Semantic(Data Content)

interoperability

Current ‘World’

Organisation specific

Few standards

Access, Excel,Proprietary GIS

Files, DVD, CD

GeoSciML, O&M

Controlled Vocabularies

GML, XML

WFS, WMS, WCS

GeoSciML ‘World’

Interoperability Requirements

Schematic Agreement

Victoria

South Australia

lithology

CompoundMaterial::Rock

+ consolidationDegree: CGI_Term+ lithology: ControlledConcept [1..*]

Rock+ consolidationDegree: CGI_Term [0..1]+ lithology: ControlledConcept[1..*]

GeologicUnit+ bodyMorphology: [0..*]+ compositionCategory: [0..1]+ exposureColor: [0..*]+ outcropCharacter: [0..*]+ rank: [0..1]

CompositionPart

+ lithology: ControlledConcept [1..*]+ material: CompoundMaterial [0..1]+ proportion:+ role:

+composition0..*

CompoundMaterial

Lithology

Schematic Agreement

Cardinality

What is GeoSciML?

machine readable GeoScience Markup Language

a Geological Data Model based on real world concepts

represents the complexity of geology tells users what geological information goes

where developed by the international scientific

community builds on established standards such as

GML uses the ISO ‘feature’ model

XMML Boreholes

O&M(Observations & Measurements)

GeoSciML(Geoscience Markup Language)

GML(Geography Markup

Language)

Links to other Modelling Languages

GeologicUnitCompositionPart

MetamorphicDescription

PhysicalDescription

WeatheringDescription

LithostratigraphicUnitLithodemicUnit

LithologicUnit

GeologicFeature MappedFeature

GM_Object

SpatiallyExtensiveSamplingFeature

GeologicStructure

GeologicFeatureRelation

ControlledConcept

GeologicEvent

ChronostratigraphicUnit

GeologicUnitPart

NetSlipValue

ShearDisplacementStructure

DuctileShearStructureFault FoldFoldSystemFaultSystem

DeformationUnit

Lineation Foliation

Layering

Rock

NonDirectionalStructure

DisplacementValue

SeparationValue SlipComponents

Contact

Mineral

EarthMaterial

MaterialRelation

ConstituentPart

ParticleGeometryDescription

UnconsolidatedMaterial

InorganicFluid

OrganicMaterial

MaterialFossil

Cast PreservedRemainOrganism

CompoundMaterial

StratigraphicLexiconGeologicEntity

VocabRelation AnyDictionary

AnyDefinition

GeologicVocabulary

AnyFeature

CV_DiscreteCoverage

SamplingPointSpecimen

Observation

SurveyProcedure

SamplingFeature

SamplingCurve

SamplingFeatureRelation

DiscreteCoverageObservation

Borehole

Outcrop

BoreholeCollar

BoreholeDetails

CGI_TermValue

CGI_TermRange

CGI_VectorCGI_NumericValue

CGI_Value

CGI_LinearOrientationCGI_NumericRange

CGI_GeometricDescriptionValue

CGI_PrimitiveValueCGI_Range

CGI_Term CGI_Numeric

CGI_PlanarOrientation

Vocabularies Features Sampling Features

Structures

Units

Values

‘Rocks’

GeologicUnit GeologicStructure

GeologicFeatureobservationMethod [1..*]purpose

SpatiallyExtensiveSamplingFeature

samplingFrame

GM_Objectboundarybuffer(Distance)centroidclosureconvexHullcoordinateDimensiondimensiondistanceenvelopeisCycleisSimplemaximalComplexmbRegionrepresentativePointtransform

shape

GeologicFeatureRelation

GeologicRelation

relationshipsourceRole [0..1]targetRole [0..1]

sourceLink

0..*target

1targetLink

source

MappedFeatureobservationMethod [1..*]positionalAccuracy

specification1

occurrence0..*

feature

GeologicEventeventAgeeventEnvironment [0..*]eventProcess [1..*]

geologicHistory0..1

preferredAge0..*

MD_Metadata

metadata0..1

GeologicFeature

LithostratigraphicUnitbeddingPatternbeddingStylebeddingThicknessunitThickness

LithodemicUnit

LithologicUnitDeformationUnitChronostratigraphicUnitbeddingPatternbeddingStylebeddingThicknessdefiningAgeunitThickness

GeologicUnitbodyMorphologycompositionCategoryexposureColoroutcropCharacterrank

ControlledConceptidentifiername

classifier

GeologicStructure

definedUnit

definingStructure

WeatheringDescriptionweatheringDegreeweatheringProductweatheringProcessenvironment

weatheringCharacter

PhysicalDescriptiondensitymagneticSusceptibilitypermeabilityporosity

physicalProperty

CompositionPartlithologymaterialproportionrole

composition

GeologicUnitPartproportionrole

part

containedUnit

MetamorphicDescriptionmetamorphicFaciesmetamorphicGradepeakPressureValuepeakTemperatureValueprotolithLithology

metamorphicCharacter

Geologic Unit

RockconsolidationDegreelithology

UnconsolidatedMaterial

consolidationDegreelithology

MineralmineralName

OrganicMaterial

InorganicFluid

EarthMaterialcolorpurpose ParticleGeometry

DescriptionsizesortingparticleTypeshapeaspectRatio

particleGeometry

CompoundMaterialcompositionCategory geneticCategory

target

MaterialRelationrelationshipsourceRoletargetRole

source

MaterialFossil

CastPreservedRemain

Organism

sourceOrganism

ConstituentPartproportionrolematerial

part

PhysicalDescriptiondensitymagneticSusceptibilitypermeabilityporosity

physicalPropertyphysicalProperty

particleGeometry

metamorphicCharacter

MetamorphicDescriptionmetamorphicFaciesmetamorphicGradepeakPressureValuepeakTemperatureValueprotolithLithology

FabricDescriptionfabricType

fabric

FoliationcontinuitydefiningElementfoliationTypeintensitymineralElementorientationspacing

Layering

RockconsolidationDegreelithology

layerComposition

FoldSystemperiodicwavelength

ShearDisplacementStructureplaneOrientation

FaultSystem

faultSystemMember

DuctileShearStructure

segment

Fault

segment

ContactcontactCharactercontactTypeorientation

LineationdefiningElementintensitylineationTypemineralElementorientation

NonDirectionalStructurestructureType

GeologicStructure

DeformationUnit

definedUnitdefiningStructure

NetSlipValue

SeparationValue

SlipComponents

slipComponent

BoundaryRelationshipconstraints

{source must be GeologicUnit}{target must be GeologicUnit}

boundaryOccurrence

boundedUnitLink

DisplacementValuehangingWallDirectionmovementSensemovementType

total

FoldprofileTypeaxialSurfaceOrientationhingeLineOrientationgeneticModelamplitudehingeLineCurvaturehingeShapeinterLimbAnglelimbShapespansymmetry

higherOrderFoldPart

foldSystemMember

DisplacementEvent

incremental

SpatiallyExtensiveSamplingFeature

Specimen SamplingPointposition

Outcrop

SamplingFeature

SurveyProcedure surveyDetails0..1

AnyFeature Intention

sampledFeature

1..*

SamplingCurvelength [0..1]shape

Borehole

BoreholeCollar

location

collarLocation

borehole0..*

SamplingFeatureRelationrole

relatedSamplingFeature0..*

source

0..*

target

CV_DiscreteCoverage

Observation

DiscreteCoverageObservation

relatedObservation

0..*

result

BoreholeDetailsdateOfDrillingdrillerdrillingMethodinclinationTypenominalDiameteroperatorstartPoint

indexData

0..1

Testing the Standard

Testbed 1 2005 • A borehole demonstrator between UK and France

Testbed 2 2006 • Six nations delivering geological map data in GeoSciML

Testbed 3 2008 Use Case 1 – Show a geological map from multiple sources

Use Case 2 – Return mapped features, sampled features and age and lithology vocabularies

Use Case 3 – User defined query

Use Case 4 – Data import to and export from client applications

Use Case 5 – Establish registry for web, vocabulary and symbology services

Accessing GeoSciML data using a web clientAccessing GeoSciML data using a web client

GeoSciML Testbed3GeoSciML Testbed3

Vancouver, CAVancouver, CA

Uppsala, SVUppsala, SV

Canberra, AUCanberra, AU

Ottawa, CAOttawa, CA

Reston, VAReston, VA

Keyworth, UKKeyworth, UK

Portland, ORPortland, OR

Melbourne, AUMelbourne, AU

Rome, ITRome, IT Tsukaba, JPTsukaba, JPOrleans, FROrleans, FR

Available Services?

ServiceRequest

GeoSciMLResponse

WFS Request

Interoperability Requirements

Summary availability of appropriate

technologies- OGC, ISO, W3C

common data structure software independence common data content commitment to these standards

- GGIC, INSPIRE

- CGI-IUGS

Questions?

GeoSciML Documentation

http://www.geosciml.org