The human use of human beingsNavigating a world beyond employment

The fear is old

June 29, 1955, Punch Magazine.

AI (1960s)

AI (1990s)

AI (Now)

ENIAC (1946)

The AI “Winters”

The story so far

State of playCo

gniti

ve A

utom

ation

Time

Now

Recognition intelligence

Cognitive Intelligence

General Intelligence (?)

Enablers of work automationRobotic Process

AutomationCognitive

automationSocial Robotics

TASKS Routine,High-volume

Non-routine, creative

Routine, collaborative

MATURITY HIGH EMERGING MEDIUM

IMPACT MEDIUM HIGH HIGH

The end of work?

Source: WTW Research, March 2016

$123,000

$20,000

Automating the marketing analyst

The automation of jobs

Source: The Future of Employment, by C. Frey and M. Osborne

47% of jobs will be

fully-automated in the next 10

years

Automating tasks (not jobs)

9% of jobs will be

fully-automated

Source: Arntz, M., T. Gregory and U. Zierahn (2016), “The Risk of Automation for Jobs in OECD Countries: A Comparative Analysis”, OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers, No. 189, OECD Publishing, Paris.

The change is on

2nd Industrial Revolution

“The assembly line”

Features: Underpinning for

Coase’s theory of the firm

Companies as social institutions

Organization of work into jobs

Jobs as careers

3rd Industrial Revolution

“Nikefication”

Features: Technology

enablement and the web

Companies as the nexus of contracts

Streamlining of jobs to enable outsourcing

4th Industrial Revolution

“Uberization”

Features: Mobile, sensors, AI and

machine learning Companies as

platforms Disaggregation of work

into activities Talent on demand

1900s 1960s-1990s 2000s-

The 5 Forces of Change

Source: CHREATE Consortium

Social & Organizational reconfiguration

A truly connected world

All inclusive, global talent market

Human & machine collaboration

Exponential pattern of technology change

1

2

3

4

5

• Work Automation (RPA, CA, Social Robotics)

• Blockchains• 3D printing• IoT

Technological Empowerment

• Short term• Agile• Skills-based• Networks• Platforms

Democratization of Work

Possible futures

LOW

Dem

ocra

tizati

on o

f Wor

k

Technological Empowerment

HIGH

HIGHLOW

Work Reimagined

“UBER” Empowered

CurrentState

Today turbo-charged

1 2

34

Source: CHREATE Consortium

A shared economy for talentCompany

A

Company B

Company C

Company D

Shared talent platformAI-enabled

IT

HR

CS

Transformed jobs: Medicine

Proficiency role (now) Pivotal role (future)Employee Performance Employee Performance

Patie

nt S

atisf

actio

n

Patie

nt S

atisf

actio

n

AI - Enabled

As cognitive automation replaces diagnostics doctors (a “proficiency role”) can spend more time with patients, and becoming a “pivotal role” in healthcare systems

Future-proofing

Transforming business with work automation

Source: “Lead the Work” by R. Jesuthasan, J. Bourdeau, D. Creelman

Assignment

Organisation

Rewards

• Self-contained• Unlinked• Exclusive• Stable

• Deconstructed Tasks• Dispersed• Project-bound

• Constructed Jobs• Anchored• Employment-Bound

• Long-Term• Collective and

consistent• Traditional

• Permeable• Interlinked• Collaborative• Flexible

• Short-term• Individualised and

Differentiated• Imaginative

AI enabled

Thank you, and…

@zarkadakis