Geometric Optics

An object inside the focus casts a virtual image that is only focused by the eye.

Concave Lenses bending toward the normal on an oppositely curved surface (concave)

diverges the light rays

Focusing and Spherical Aberration

Mirrors and lenses with circular curvature create spherical aberration, where rays from the top edges of the mirror don’t focus.

Spherical aberration is corrected by making the lens shape more parabolic

Chromatic Aberration: Blue bends more. This cannot be corrected. You could minimize it it by

using less of the lens edges (closing down the aperture)

Flat mirrors produce images that are…..