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  • Geology of Santo Domingo Pueblo106° 22' 30" 376000m e. 77 r. 5 e. 378 379 20' (cochiti dam) 82 17' 30" 490 000 feet 385 386000m e. 384 santo domingo pueblo quadrangle new mexico r
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5 17 20 12 24 11 11 3 18 11 28 25 13 11 9 11 11 11 14 19 5 14 9 7 13 14 11 7 22 15 24 3 6 P P P P 5 4 3 7 5 7 9 85 5 1 2 6 5 4 U D 22 9 U D U D 18 17 U D U D U D U D U D 7 9 5 2 7 U D 4 5 4 9 9 75 7 66 6 12 10 11 5 10 5 4 4 5 8 5 Santa Cruz Springs Tract Well (BIA) 66 9 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? X X c X X X X X c B T T c c T c c c c c P B B P T B c X B S i l e U D U D Sile fault Peralta fault Peralta fault ? ? Sile fault f a u l t Cochiti San Francisco fault San Francisco fault U D U D C a m a d a f a u l t Pajarit o f a ult B o r r e g o f au l t f a u l t B o r r e g o fa ul t C a m a d a f a ul t S a n Fr anc i s c o f a u l t L a B aj a d a f a u l t Tglp Tglp QTc QTc QTc Qal QTc QTc Tglp Qe Qal Qal Tglp Qe Qe Qtp 1 Qtp 1 Qe Tglp Qbo Qal Qe QTc QTc Tglp Tglp QTc QTc Tglp Qal Qbo Tglp QTc QTc QTc QTc Qal QTc QTc QTc QTc Qal QTc Qe Tglp QTc Tglp Qal QTc QTc QTc Tglp Qal Qal Qal Qal QTsl Tbp QTsl QTsl QTsl Tbp Tbp QTsl Qtp 4 Qtp 4 QTsl Qtp 4 Qal Qal Qal QTc QTc QTc QTc Tglp Tglp Qal Qe Qtp 1 Qe Qal Qal QTc QTc Qtp 3 QTsl QTc QTc QTsl QTsl Tglp Qal QTc Qal Qal Qal QTc QTsl QTsl QTc QTc Qal QTsl QTsl Qal Qal Qal Qal QTsl Qal QTsl QTsl QTc QTsl QTc Qal Qal Qal Qe QTsl QTsl Qtp 4 Qtp 5 Qtp 2 Qtp 3 Qtp 3 Qtp 4 Qtp 4 QTsl QTsl QTsl QTsl QTsl Qtp 4 Qtp 3 Qtp 2 QTc QTc QTc Qtp 3 QTc Tglp Qal Qal QTc QTc Qal Qal Qal Qal QTc QTc QTc QTc Qal Qtp 3 ? Qe QTsl QTsl QTsl QTsl QTc Qe Qe Qe QTc QTc Qal Qal Qal QTc QTc QTc Qal Qal Qal QTsl QTc QTsl QTc QTsl Qtp 4 Qc Qc Qtp 4 Qtp 4 Qtp 4 Qtp 3 Qtp 3 Qtp 3 QTc Qc Tb 2 Tbv 2 Tbv 2 Tb 2 Qal QTsl QTc QTc QTsl Qc Qe Tb 2 Qe Qe Qc Tb 2 Tb 1 Tbv 1 Qe Qal Tb 1 Tbv 1 Tbv 1 Tbv 1 Tb 1 Qe Qe Tbv 1 Tbv 1 Tbv 1 Qc Tb 1 Tb 1 Tb 1 Tb 1 Tb 3 Tb 3 Tb 3 Tb 2 Tb 2 Tb 2 Tb 2 Tb 2 Qc Qc Qc QTc QTc QTc QTc QTc QTc QTc QTc QTc QTc Qal Qal Qal QTc QTsl QTsl QTsl QTsl QTsl QTsl QTsl QTsl QTsl QTsl QTsl QTsl QTsl Tglp Tglp Tglp Tglp Qc QTc Qtp 4 Qtp 4 Qtp 1 ? Qtp 4 Qtp 1 ? Qtp 4 Qtp1 Qtp 1 ? Qtp 1 ? Qtp 1 ? Qtp 1 ? Qtp 2 Qc Qtp4 Qal Tb 2 Qtp 2 Qtp 2 Qtp4 Qc Tb 2 Tb 2 Tb 2 Qal Qal Qtp 4 Qtp 3 QTsl Qal QTsl Qal QTsl Qtp 4 Qtp 3 Qtp 4 Qal Qal Qal Qal QTc QTc Qtp 3 Qtp 3 Qal QTsl QTsl Qtp 3 Qal Qal QTsl QTsl QTsl Qtp 4 Qal Qal Qal Qtp 4 Qtp 4 Qtp 3 Qtp 2 QTsl QTsl Qtp 3 Qtp 3 Qtp 4 Qta 1 QTsl Qal Qtp 3 Qal QTsl QTsl QTsl QTsl QTsl Qtp 2 ? Qtp 3 Qtp 2 ? QTsl Qtp 1 ? QTsl Tglp Qtp 3 Qtp 4 Qtp 4 Qtp 4 Qtp 4 QTsl QTsl QTsl Qal Qal QTsl Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qoa Qoa Qf Qf Qoa Qf Qoa QTsl Qtp 1 Qtp 1 Qta 1 Qe Qal Qtp 3 Qtp 4 QTc QTc Qtp 3 Qtp 3 QTslg QTslg Qe QTslg Qtp 4 Qal Qal Qal Qe Qf Qf Qoa Qoa Qoa Qal Qal Qoa Qal Qal Qal Qalm Qalm Qalm Qaf Qaf Qls Qls Th Th Qaf Qalm Qalm Qalm Qal Qal Qal Qal Qf Qal Qf Qf Qal Qoa Qoa Qoa Qf Qal Qal Qal Qoa Qoa Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qaf Qalm Qalm Qalm Qalm Qalm Qalm Qalm Qalm Qalm Qalm Qalm Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qal Qoa Qoa Qf Qf QTc Qtp 4 Qal QTc Qta 4 Qta 4 ? df Qta 4 Qta 3 QTslg QTslg QTslg QTslg QTslm (QTslg) QTslg QTslg QTslg Qta 2 df Qtp 3 QTslg Qtp 4 Tbt Qe Qta 3 Qta 3 Qtp 4 Qpu df df df QTslg QTslg QTslg QTslg QTslp QTslp Qta 4 Qal Tb Qtp 4 Qtp 4 Qta 3 Qta 3 Qtp 4 Qe Qta 4 QTslg QTslg QTslg QTslg QTslg QTslg QTslg QTsls QTsls Tb Qpu Qta 4 Qta 3 Qta 3 Qta 4 Qal Qta 4 QTslg Tb QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslg Qtp 3 Qtp 3 Qtp 4 QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp Qtp 4 Qtp 4 Qtp 4 QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp QTsls QTsls QTsls QTsls QTsls QTsls QTsls QTsls QTsls QTsls QTslg QTsll Qta 4 QTslm Qta 1 Qtp 4 Qtp 4 Qtp 4 Qta 1 Qta 1 QTslp QTslg QTslg QTslg QTslg Qta 1 Qtp 3 Qtp 4 QTslg QTslg QTsls (QTslg) (QTslg) Qal Tglp Tglp Tglp Tglp QTc Tbp Qbo Tglp Qbo Qbo Tglp Qbo Qbo Qog Tbp QTsl QTsl QTc QTc Tglp Tglp Qbo QTsl QTsl QTc QTsl QTsl Qe QTsl QTc QTc QTc QTsl QTsl QTc QTc QTc Tglp QTc Tglp QTc QTsl Qbo QTc Tbt Tbt Tbt Tbt Tbt Tbt QTc Tbt QTc QTc QTc Qc Qc Qc Tbt QTsl QTsl Tbt QTc Tbt Tbt QTsl Tbt QTc Tbt QTc QTc QTc QTsl QTsl QTsl Qbo Tglp Tglp Qog Qbo QTsl Tglp Tglp QTc QTc QTc QTc Tglp QTsl QTc QTc Qtp 3 Qtp 4 QTslg Qtp 4 QTc QTslg Tbt Tbt QTslg QTslm QTslg Qta 2 QTc QTslg QTslg Qtp 4 QTslm Qta 3 Qtp 4 Tb Qpu QTslg Qta 3 QTslg QTslp QTslp QTc Tb Tb QTslp QTslp Qtp 3 QTslp Qtp 2 Qtp 4 QTslg Qtp 3 Qtp 3 Qtp 3 Qtp 4 Qtp 3 Tb QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslp Tb QTsll QTsll Qtp 3 ? QTsll Qbo QTsll QTslm QTslg QTslg QTslm QTslm QTslm QTslm QTslm QTslm Tbt Tbt QTsls QTslm QTslg QTslg QTslm QTslg Qtp 4 Qtp 4 Qtp 4 Qta 1 QTslg QTslp Qta 1 Qtp 4 QTslg QTsll Qtp 4 Qtp 3 QTsls Qbo QTsll Qbo Qbo Qbo Qtp 4 Qtp 4 Qtp 4 Qtp 3 Qtp 4 Qtp 3 Qbo QTslg Qtp 3 ? QTslg QTslg QTslp Qta 4 Qe QTsls QTsls Qta 4 QTslm A geologic map graphically displays information on the distribution, nature, orientation and age relationships of rock and surficial units and the occurrence of structural features. These data are derived from geologic field mapping, compilation of published and unpublished work, and photogeologic interpretation. Locations of geologic unit contacts are not surveyed; therefore, the accuracy of contact locations depends on the scale of mapping and the interpretation of the geologist. Portions of the study area may have been mapped at scales smaller than depicted on the geologic map; therefore, the user should be aware of significant variations in map detail. Any enlargement of this map could cause misunderstanding in the detail of mapping and may result in erroneous interpretations. Site-specific conditions should be verified by detailed surface mapping or subsurface exploration. Acknowledgments This mapping project was possible only because of the greatly appreciated interest and cooperation of the Governors and Tribal Councils of Santo Domingo and Cochiti Pueblos and the Cochiti Environmental Protection Office. Consultations with Bill White, Dave Sawyer, and Charles Stearns were helpful for framing our ideas. Discussions of USGS geophysics studies with Tien Grauch have been very beneficial. (SAN FELIPE PUEBLO) GN MN 0° 46' 14 MILS 10.5° 187 MILS UTM GRID AND 1993 MAGNETIC NORTH DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET 35° 30' 106° 30' T. 16 N. (SAN ANA PUEBLO) T. 15 N. R. 4 E. R. 5 E. 20' 3 69 17' 30" NEW MEXICO QUADRANGLE LOCATION 106° 22' 30” 430 000 FEET 106° 30' 3 65 000m E. 3 67 R. 4 E. 27' 30” 25' 32' 30" 35' 35° 37' 30" Base from U.S. Geological Survey 1953, photorevised 1993 1927 North American datum, Projection and10,000-foot grid based on New Mexico coordinate system, cental zone (Transverse Mercator) 1000-meter Universal Transverse Mercator grid ticks, zone 13, shown in blue D. J. McCraw and G. E. Jones: digital cartographic production 3 74 460 000 FEET 3 71 (CANADA) (BEAR SPRINGS PEAK) (LOMA CRESTON) 1 0.5 0 1 MILE 1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 FEET 1 0.5 0 1 KILOMETER NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929 CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET SCALE 1:24,000 PONDEROSA 30 MI. 3 66 3 73 Mapping of this quadrangle was funded by a matching-funds grant from the 1997 STATEMAP program of the National Geologic Mapping Act coordinated by the U.S. Geological Survey and the New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources. NEW MEXICO BUREAU OF MINES AND MINERAL RESOURCES A DIVISION OF NEW MEXICO INSTITUTE OF MINING & TECHNOLOGY SANTO DOMINGO PUEBLO SW QUADRANGLE NEW MEXICO Geology of Santo Domingo Pueblo and Santo Domingo Pueblo SW quadrangles, Sandoval County, New Mexico Gary A. Smith and Andrika J. Kuhle April 1998 29 February 2000 Revision Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 R. 5 E. SAN FELIPE PUEBLO 5 MI. 39 40 39 41 39 39 39 38 39 37 39 35 39 32 39 31 1 640 000 FEET 39 33 39 43 000m N. 3 66 3 71 3 74 000m E. 3 69 3 67 3 68 39 30 39 42 3 72 3 73 (SAN FELIPE PUEBLO NE) 2.8 MI. TO INTERSTATE 25 R. 5 E. R. 6 E. 20' 3 80 17' 30" 35° 30' 106° 15' 39 30 000m N. T. 16 N. T. 15 N. 39 40 39 41 32' 30" (TETILLA PEAK) 35' LA BAJADA 1.2 MI. 35° 37' 30” 106° 15' (MONTOSO PEAK) 1 680 000 FEET 470 000 FEET 106° 22' 30" 3 76 000m E. 3 78 R. 5 E. 20' 3 79 17' 30" 3 86 000m E. 3 85 490 000 FEET 3 82 (COCHITI DAM) 3 77 3 84 SANTO DOMINGO PUEBLO QUADRANGLE NEW MEXICO R. 6 E. 2.1 MI. TO INTERSTATE 25 14 MI. TO N.M. 14 SANTA FE 23 MI. 21 MI. TO N.M. 44 ALBUQUERQUE 39 MI. COCHITI PUEBLO 2.1 MI. 39 39 39 38 39 37 39 35 39 34 39 32 39 31 3 76 3 82 3 83 3 85 000m E. A' B' NMBMMR Open File Map Series Maps OF–GM–15 and OF-GM-26 Map last modified on 29 February 2000 David J. McCraw Digital Cartography A B UNIT DESCRIPTIONS CORRELATION OF UNITS GN MN 0° 50' 15 MILS 10.5° 187 MILS UTM GRID AND 1993 MAGNETIC NORTH DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET Base from U.S. Geological Survey 1953, photorevised 1993 1927 North American datum, Projection and10,000-foot grid based on New Mexico coordinate system, cental zone (Transverse Mercator) 1000-meter Universal Transverse Mercator grid ticks, zone 13, shown in blue D. J. McCraw and P. Brown: digital cartographic production (MADRID) 4,800' 5,000' A' E 5,600 feet ASL 5,200' 4,800' 5,400' 5,000' Rio Grande B' E 5,600 feet ASL 5,200' 5,400' 5,000' Qaf QTslp QTslp QTslg QTslp QTslp QTslp QTslg Qal Qal QTslg QTslg Qal QTslp df Qtp 4 Qal QTslg Qal QTslg QTslg Qf Qal Vertical Exaggeration = 2.0 Projection of BIA Santa Cruz Springs Well Cochiti Dam N.M. State Hwy. 16 N.M. State Hwy. 22 Qta 3 Vertical Exaggeration = 2.0 ? ? ? ? Qal Qal Rio Grande Qf Qoa QTslg QTslg QTslg QTslg Tbt N.M. State Hwy. 22 Qal QTsls QTslm QTslm Qal QTslm Qalm QTsls QTslp Qalm Qal Qbo QTslp QTslp QTslp Qalm Qalm Qalm QTslp QTslm These cross sections are constructed based upon the interpretations of the authors made from surficial geologic control and subsurface and geophysical data, where available. They should be primarily used as an aid to geologic framework understanding and not be the sole source of information used in locating or designing wells, buildings, roads, or other man-made structures. 6,200 feet ASL 5,200' 5,400' 5,000' B W Qc QTsl QTsl QTsl Qal Qal QTsl QTsl QTsl Qoa 6,000' 5,800' 5,600' Qe Tb 2 Tbt Borrego Fault QTc QTsl Qtp 4 Qtp 1 ? Qal Borrego Canyon QTsl Tbt Tglp QTc Qbo QTsl Qal Qtp 3 Qtp 4 Qtp 1 Qal ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Tbv 1 QTc QTc Tb 1 QTc QTc QTc QTc ? ? ? Santo Domingo Pueblo SW 7.5' Quadrangle Santo Domingo Pueblo 7.5' Quadrangle Qoa Qoa Tb Th Tb Tb 1 Tb 1 Tb 1 Pliocene CENOZOIC Quaternary Tertiary Pleistocene Era Period Epoch Miocene Holocene Sedimentary Deposits Volcanic Rocks Summary of 40 Ar/ 39 Ar Ages for Samples Collected Within the Santo Domingo Pueblo Quadrangle, 1996-1997. Map Sample Age No. No. Location Description (Ma) Sanidine: 1 GSCP9605 35.590 o N Reworked pumiceous ash collected within axial quartzite-rich 1.62 ± 0.01 106.293 o W gravel just east of the south abutment of Cochiti Dam; most probably reworked lower Bandelier Tuff Whole Rock: 2* DN9615 35.588 o N Lower of two basalt flows interbedded with Sierra Ladrones 2.71± 0.04 106.303 o W formation (QTsl) near Cochiti Spring in the Santa Fe River valley downstream of Cochiti Dam 3 SCST640-650 35.592 o N Hawaiite (?) lava flow sample collected from cuttings at 640-650’ 2.67± 0.06 106.251 o W in the BIA Santa Cruz Springs Tract well 4 SCST720-730 35.592 o N Hawaiite (?) lava flow sample collected from cuttings at 720-730’ 2.57 ± 0.03 106.251 o W in the BIA Santa Cruz Springs Tract well 5 SCST850-860 35.592 o N Hawaiite (?) lava flow sample collected from cuttings at 850-860’ 2.57 ± 0.02 106.251 o W in the BIA Santa Cruz Springs Tract well * Collected by Dr. David P. Dethier All 40 Ar/ 39 Ar age determinations provided by Dr. William C. McIntosh, New Mexico Geochronology Research Laboratory, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM Pliocene CENOZOIC Quaternary Tertiary Pleistocene Era Period Epoch Miocene Holocene Sedimentary Deposits Volcanic Rocks Summary of 40 Ar/ 39 Ar Ages for Samples Collected Within the Santo Domingo Pueblo Southwest Quadrangle, 1997-1998. Map Sample Location Age No. No. (UTM) Description (Ma) Groundmass Concentrate: 1 GSSD367 64943174 Basalt; thin flow intercalated within near-vent agglutinate (Tbv 1 ) 2.62 ± 0.15 on Santa Ana Mesa 2 GSSD311 70863049 Olivine basalt (Tbv2 ); lava flow overlying hydromagmatic tuff 2.41 ± 0.03 north of Borrego Canyon Sanidine: 3 GSCP9601 74453744 Rhyolite pumice, reworked; collected within axial quartzite-rich 6.82 ± 0.04 gravel of the Sierra Ladrones formation (QTsl) northwest of Sile; correlative to pyroclastic deposits in Peralta Tuff 4 GSCP9603 73924242 Rhyolite tephra, perhaps slightly reworked, collected within axial 6.88 ± 0.01 quartzite-rich gravel of the Sierra Ladrones formation (QTsl) west of Cochiti Pueblo; correlative to pyroclastic deposits in Peralta Tuff 5 GSCP9615 73564277 Crystal-poor rhyolite fallout tephra (cemented) collected from 6.81 ± 0.02 Peralta Tuff member of the Bearhead Rhyolite (Tbp) in an outcrop area southwest of Peralta Canyon where Peralta Tuff is interbedded with axial gravel of the Sierra Ladrones formation (QTsl). 6 GSCP9623 70704304 Ignimbrite collected from Peralta Tuff member of the Bearhead 6.84 ± 0.06 Rhyolite (Tbp) south of Peralta Canyon df Qf Qoa Qal Qe Qta 1 Qta 2 Qtp 2 Qta 3 Qog Qtp 1 Qtp 3 Qta 4 Qtp 4 Qtp 5 Qaf Qpu Qalm Qls Qc QTslp QTsl QTslg QTsls QTslm QTsll QTc Tglp Qbo Tb 1 Tbv 1 Tb 2 Tbv 2 Tb 3 Tbt Tbp Th Tb GEOLOGIC CROSS SECTIONS 6,200 feet ASL 5,600' 5,200' 5,800' 5,400' A W Borrego Fault QTsl Qal QTsl QTsl Qtp 3 Tglp Qal QTsl Qal 6,000' ? ? ? ? Qal Qc Peralta Fault QTsl QTc QTsl Cañon Santo Domingo Camada Fault Qtp 5 Qal Qal Qal QTc Qal Sile Fault QTsl QTc QTc QTc QTc QTc QTc 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 0.5 Ma 0.0 Qta 1 Qe Qf Qal Qpu Qalm Qaf QTsls QTslp QTslg Qbo Tb QTc Tbt 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 0.5 Ma 0.0 Qe Qf Qal Tglp QTsl Qbo Tb 3 Qtp 5 Qc ? ? QTc Tb 2 Tb 1 Tbv 1 Tbv 2 Qoa Qls Th QTsll QTslm Qoa Tbt Tbp Qta 4 /Qtp 4 Qta 3 /Qtp 3 Qta 2 /Qtp 2 Qta 1 /Qtp 1 Qtp 2 Qtp 3 Qtp 4 0 10 20 mi 0 10 30 km 20 3 68 285 84 285 84 25 285 40 INDEX MAP OF NMBMMR’ S STATEMAP GEOLOGIC QUADRANGLES 2/00 McCLURE RESERVOIR SANDIA CREST PLACITAS ROSILLA PEAK ASPEN BASIN COWLES TESUQUE BERNALILLO LOMA MACHETE ARROYO DE LAS CALABACILLAS VOLCANO RANCH LA MESITA NEGRA SE LOS GRIEGOS ALAMEDA WIND MESA ISLETA HUBBELL SPRING HAGAN SANDIA PARK TIJERAS SEDILLO ESCABOSA MOUNT WASHINGTON TAOS SW CARSON BERNALILLO NW CERRO CONEJO JEMEZ PUEBLO SAN FELIPE MESA COLLIER DRAW SANTA ANA PUEBLO SAN FELIPE PUEBLO SAN FELIPE PUEBLO NE OJITO SPRING SAN YSIDRO LOMA CRESTON SANTO DOMINGO PUEBLO SW SANTO DOMINGO PUEBLO TETILLA PEAK HOLY GHOST SPRING GILMAN PONDEROSA BEAR SPRINGS PEAK CAÑADA COCHITI DAM MONTOSO PEAK GLORIETA RANCHOS DE TAOS TRES RITOS PEÑASCO TRAMPAS HORCADO RANCH BLAND REDONDO PEAK JEMEZ SPRINGS SAN MIGUEL MOUNTAIN LA VENTANA AGUA FRIA SANTA FE TURQUOISE HILL SETON VILLAGE PECOS WILDHORSE MESA ROWE GALISTEO OJO HEDIONDA BULL CANYON RENCONA PICTURE ROCK GOLDEN CAPTAIN DAVIS MOUNTAIN SAN PEDRO EDGEWOOD CHILILI RIO PUERCO LOS LUNAS LOS LUNAS SE TAJIQUE MILBOURN RANCH DALIES BOSQUE PEAK DALIES NW LA MESITA NEGRA BENAVIDEZ RANCH LAGUNA ORTIZ NORTH SAN YSIDRO LOWER COLONIAS ELK MOUNTAIN HONEY BOY RANCH TAOS JUNCTION VELARDE JICARITA PEAK EL VALLE TRUCHAS CHIMAYO SAN JUAN PUEBLO CHILI SAN PABLO RANCHO DEL CHAPARRAL SEVEN SPRINGS VALLE TOLEDO VALLE SAN ANTONIO GUAJE MOUNTAIN PUYE SIERRA MOSCA CUNDIYO TRUCHAS PEAK PECOS FALLS ESTANCIA MORIARTY SOUTH MORIARTY NORTH KING DRAW ESPAÑOLA WHITE ROCK LOS CORDOVAS TAOS TRES OREJAS BELEN NW TOME TOME NE TORREON EWING BELEN MOUNTAINAIR NE BELEN SW TURN PUNTA DE AGUA MOUNTAINAIR VEGUITA MANZANO PEAK WILLARD LA JOYA NW BLACK BUTTE BECKER ABEYTAS SCHOLLE LYDEN ALBUQUERQUE WEST ALBUQUERQUE EAST TOME SE SHADY BROOK PUEBLO PEAK WHEELER PEAK ARROYO SECO ARROYO HONDO CERRO DE LOS TAOSES RAYO HILLS CERRO MONTOSO BECKER SW LA JOYA SAN ACACIA SILVER CREEK SAN LORENZO SPRING MESA DEL YESO SIERRA DE LA CRUZ SOCORRO LOMA DE LAS CANAS BUSTOS WELL WATER CANYON LADRON COMANCHE RANCH LOS ALAMOS 1:100,000 OF-DM–18 GM–45 GM–33 GM–28 GM–34 GM–26 GM–27 (SKY VILLAGE SE) (SKY VILLAGE NE) (SKY VILLAGE) (SKY VILLAGE NW) GM–71 GM–73 OF-DM–12 OF-DM–33 OF-DM–22 OF-DM–31 OF-DM–11 OF-DM–32 OF-DM–23 OF-DM–15 OF-DM–26 OF-DM–25 OF-DM–14 OF-DM–19 OF-DM–37 OF-DM–39 OF-DM–2 OF-DM–16 OF-DM–9 OF-DM–10 OF-DM–6 OF-DM–1 OF-DM–29 OF-DM–35 OF-DM–20 OF-DM–4 OF-DM–3 OF-DM–17 OF-DM–8 OF-DM–5 OF-DM–13 OF-DM–24 OF-DM–21 OF-DM–28 OF-DM–34 OF-DM–7 NMBMMR STATEMAP Quadrangles Santo Domingo Pueblo SW, Santo Domingo Pueblo Los Alamos Santa Fe Taos A l b u q u er qu e A r e a SOCORRO 1:100,000 35°30' 36°00' 105° 30' 36°30' 35°15' 106°00' 35°00' 106°30' 34° 22' 30" 34°30' 107°00' ALBUQUERQUE 1:100,000 SANTA FE 1:100,000 VILLANUEVA 1:100,000 TAOS 1:100,000 BELEN 1:100,000 ABIQUIU 1:100,000 Location Map Socorro Grants Taos Las Cruces Deming 37° 35° 33° 109° 107° 105° 103° SANTA FE Albuquerque EXPLANATION OF MAP SYMBOLS Santo Domingo Pueblo and Santo Domingo Pueblo SW 7.5' Quadrangles Exposed geologic contact Approximate or inferred geologic contact High-angle normal fault, tick showing dip, bar and ball indicates downthrown side Normal fault, approximately located on the basis of outcrops, bar and ball indicates downthrown side Normal fault, approximately located on the basis of well logs, D indicates downthrown side Concealed normal fault, D indicates downthrown side Strike and dip of bedding Peralta Tuff Member biotite - rhyolite pumice lapilli (upper Miocene) abundant in fluvial sediment. Tschicoma Formation dacite pumice lapilli (Pliocene) abundant in fluvial sediment. Bandelier Tuff rhyolite pumice lapilli (lower Pleistocene) abundant in fluvial sediment. Prominent zone of calcite cementation. Generally located along exposed fault planes or in coarse-grained beds in close proximity to faults. Approximate positions of vents from which units Tb and Tbt were erupted . Location of 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronology samples Chemical Analysis of Tb Samples Collected Within the Santo Domingo Pueblo Southwest Quadrangle, 1997-1998. Map Unit (Sample No.) Tb 1 (SD376) Tb 2 (SD311) Oxide Component Percentage Percentage SiO 2 51.25 51.16 TiO 2 1.46 1.47 Al 2 O 3 15.98 15.89 Fe 2 O 3 10.58 10.60 MnO 0.16 0.17 MgO 5.87 6.75 CaO 9.10 8.51 Na 2 O 3.49 3.70 K 2 O 1.12 1.45 P 2 O 5 0.28 0.37 Total 99.29 100.07 Chemical Analysis of Tb Sample Collected Within the Santo Domingo Pueblo Quadrangle, 1996-1997. Oxide Component Percentage SiO 2 48.57 TiO 2 1.47 Al 2 O 3 15.61 Fe 2 O 3 10.73 MnO 0.19 MgO 7.82 CaO 10.32 Na 2 O 3.04 K 2 O 1.38 P 2 O 5 0.52 Total 99.63 Major-element XRF analyses by J. Husler, University of New Mexico OF-DM–43 FRIJOLES OF-DM–42 OF-DM–47 OF-DM–48 OF-DM–36 OF-DM–41 OF-DM–49 MADRID OF-DM–40 OF-DM–46 OF-DM–45 CAPILLA PEAK OF-DM–27 LEMITAR OF-DM–38 N E W M E X I C O S T A T E M A P N M B u r e a u o f M i n e s & M i n e r a l R e s o u r c e s E a r t h S c ie n ce for th e 2 1s t C e n t u r y New Mexico Tech Dr. Peter A. Scholle Director and State Geologist Dr. Paul W. Bauer Geologic Mapping Program Director REFERENCES Aby, S. B., 1997, The terraces of Cochiti Canyon: soil development and relation to activity in the Pajarito fault zone: Albuquerque, University of New Mexico, M.S. thesis (unpub). Aubele, J. C., 1978, Geology of the Cerros del Rio volcanic field, Santa Fe, Sandoval, and Los Alamos Counties, New Mexico: Albuquerque, University of New Mexico, M.S. thesis (unpub.), 136 p. . Dethier, D. P., Harrington, C. D., and Aldrich, M. J., 1988, Late Cenozoic rates of erosion in the western Española basin, New Mexico: Evidence from geologic dating of erosion surfaces: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 100, p. 928-937. Dethier, D. P., 1996, Geologic map of the Cochiti Dam quadrangle: unpublished mapping for the U.S. Geological Survey, 1:24,000. Dethier, D. P., and McCoy, W. D., 1993, Aminostratigraphic relations and age of Quaternary deposits, northern Española basin, northern New Mexico: Quaternary Research, v. 39, p. 222-230. . Gansecki, C. A., Mahood, G. A., and McWilliams, M., 1998, New ages for the climactic eruptions at Yellowstone: Single-crystal 40 Ar- 39 Ar dating identifies contamination: Geology, v. 26, p. 343-346. Graf, W. L., 1994, Plutonium and the Rio Grande: New York, Oxford University Press, 329 p. . Hoge, H. P., 1970, Neogene stratigraphy of the Santa Ana area, Sandoval County, New Mexico: Albuquerque, University of New Mexico, Ph.D. thesis (unpub.), 140 p. Kelley, V. C., 1977, Geology of the Albuquerque basin, New Mexico: New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, Memoir 33, 59 p. McIntosh, W. C., and Quade, J., 1995, 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronology of tephra layers in the Santa Fe Group, Española basin, New Mexico: New Mexico Geological Society, Guidebook 46, p. 279-287. Reneau, S. L., Gardner, J. N., and Forman, S. L., 1996, New evidence for the age of the youngest eruptions in the Valles caldera, New Mexico: Geology, v. 24, p. 7-10. Smith, G. A., and Lavine, A., 1996, What is the Cochiti Formation? New Mexico Geological Society, Guidebook 47 , p. 219-224. Smith, G. A., Simmons, M. C., and Kuhle, A. J., 1997, Contemporaneous magmatic and hydromagmatic Pliocene basalt eruptions at the site of Cochiti Dam, Sandoval County, New Mexico [abstr.]: New Mexico Geology , v. 19, p. 63. Smith, R. L., Bailey, R. A., and Ross, C. S., 1970, Geologic map of the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Investigations Map I-571, scale 1:125,000. COCHITI DAM EXCAVATION AND FILL Although the map base is a revised topographic map issued after construction of Cochiti Dam, not all of the dam fill is correctly represented and topography was not revised in the area of excavations for fill material and the conveyance channel. Dam fill and engineering structures. Diagonal hatchures — areas of deep excavation and removal of sufficient volume of material so as to prohibit accurate mapping on this topographic base. Unit QTslg is currently exposed in most of these areas but at elevations 200-300 feet lower than the topography represented on the topographic base. Other excavations and recontouring have substantially modified the landscape within the area portrayed on the map base by the disturbed - ground symbol (removed here for clarity – see actual topographic map for areal extent). The magnitude of this disturbance is not so great, however, as to prohibit mapping of units and projections of contacts onto the pre - excavation topography. QUATERNARY ALLUVIAL, EOLIAN, AND MASS - WASTING DEPOSITS Deposits of modern channel and floodplain of the Rio Grande (Holocene) — Sand, mud and minor gravel, mostly within 3 m elevation of the present channel. Prominent geomorphic expression of abandoned channels (some of which are occupied by permanent ponds and marshes) and vegetated bars. These deposits are probably mostly of historic age and are largely younger than 1940 ( cf. , Graf, 1994, figure 10.3). Thickness unknown. Older alluvium of the Rio Grande (upper Pleistocene? and Holocene) — Alluvial sand, gravel and silt, 10 -30 m thick, underlying a low-relief surface about 3 m above the active channel of the Rio Grande. This surface has been largely modified by agricultural activity but, where unmodified, lacks the remnant channel and bar topography that is prominent on the surface of unit Qf. Probably intercalated with unit Qal near the valley margins. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) core logs along the Rio Grande at the Cochiti Dam outlet indicate a 10-30 m thickness for this deposit. Alluvium deposited by Rio Grande tributaries (upper Pleistocene? and Holocene) — Poorly sorted gravelly sand and sandy gravel deposited in channels and minor floodplain areas of tributary streams and as a broad alluvial apron along the west side of the Rio Grande valley (east edge of the Santo Domingo Pueblo SW quadrangle). Includes tributary-mouth fans where the Santa Fe River , an unnamed arroyo south of Peña Blanca, Galisteo Creek, and streams in Peralta Canyon, Cañon Santo Domingo, and Cañada de Cochiti emerge from relatively confined valleys onto the Rio Grande floodplain. Beds of eolian fine sand to 0.5 m thick are locally present. This deposit is entrenched by as much as 3 m in several localities, especially along the lower Santa Fe River and Galisteo Creek. The upper surface continues to receive deposition by lower-order tributaries, however, so this unit was not mapped as a terrace. Along the margin of the Rio Grande valley, these deposits are graded to the top of unit Qoa and are also likely interbedded with Qoa. Alluvium deposited near the confluence of Peralta Canyon and the Rio Grande at Cochiti Pueblo is graded to an older confluence farther east. Westward migration of the Rio Grande has caused a local base-level drop, regrading of the lowermost Peralta Canyon drainage, and incision of unit Qal by as much as 8 m at the mouth of Peralta Canyon and at the eastern edge of Cochiti Pueblo. Although giving the appearance of a terrace, the elevated surface resulting from this incision continues to receive sediment from hillslopes and lower-order tributaries and merges westward with the active depositional surface of the Peralta Canyon drainage. Total thickness is probably similar to unit Qoa, 10-30 m. Eolian sand and silt (upper Pleistocene and Holocene) — Massive fine sand and coarse silt forming 1- 5 m thick deposits in the western part of Santo Domingo Pueblo SW quadrangle. They are most notable here in high elevation positions in the landscape, especially mantling gravel of Lookout Park (Tglp) and the basalt flows to the southwest. On the Santo Domingo Pueblo quadrangle, this unit forms a 1-2 m thick cap on terrace gravel of units Qta 4 and Qtp 4 and thickens to as much as 3 m against terrace riser of Qta 3 where sheetwash sand and gravel are also present. Locally contains snails that have yielded AMS 14 C dates of 36.9 ±0.5 and 37.8 ±0.5 ka, although these samples may only contain “dead” carbon (D. Dethier, personal communication, August 1996). A 10-20 cm thick layer of coarse ash and fine lapilli of the El Cajete Pumice, dated at ~ 60 ka (Reneau, et al., 1996) is present within this unit in the NE 1 / 4 Sec. 20 T.16N. R.6E. A complicated stratigraphy resulting from eolian accumulation and localized sheetwash and gullywash erosion or deflation is suggested by buried, truncated soils and the presence of archeological material of Archaic to Pueblo IV vintage at various levels in the deposit. Older gravel (lower Pleistocene) — Volcanic-clast gravel, 1 - 2 m thick, resting above Bandelier Tuff (Qbo) in several outcrops in the central and north - central part of the Santo Domingo Pueblo SW quadrangle. Probably represents a thin veneer of gravel deposited on top of the tuff prior to reincision of drainage following inundation of the landscape by the pyroclastic flow. Qta and Qtp - Terrace gravel (Pleistocene) — Fill and strath terraces formed along the Rio Grande (axial gravel - Qta) and tributaries (piedmont gravel - Qtp). Rio Grande terrace gravels contain approximately 30- 40% quartzite, 15- 20% intermediate-composition volcanic rocks, 5 -10 % rhyolite, 10-15% granitic and gneissic rocks, 5-20% basalt clasts and 0-10% clasts of the Bandelier Tuff. In the Santo Domingo Pueblo quadrangle: Santa Fe River terraces are underlain primarily by pebbly arkosic sand; pebbles are dominantly granitic rocks, white vein quartz, and basalt with subordinate intermediate volcanic rocks. Peralta and Santo Domingo Canyons terrace gravel is composed of variably altered andesitic and rhyolitic clasts and, in Peralta Canyon, Bandelier Tuff fragments. Dominant gravel clasts in Galisteo Creek terraces are hornblende-pyroxene latite, derived from the Cerrillos area, and red sandstone and petrified wood eroded from the Eocene Galisteo Formation east of the quadrangle. In the Santo Domingo Pueblo SW quadrangle: tributary-stream terrace gravel is dominated by variably altered andesitic and rhyolitic clasts, derived from the Cochiti Formation (QTc) ,and locally abundant quartzite pebbles (derived from QTsl). Terrace gravel in Borrego Canyon includes 10-25% basalt cobbles and boulders (to 1 m across) and ~ 1% cemented red sandstone eroded from middle Santa Fe Group strata exposed in the Loma Creston quadrangle farther west. Qta 1 - Terrace gravel (middle Pleistocene) — Strath-terrace gravel located approximately 80-90 m above grade. Gravel is 3 - 5 m thick and locally capped by a discontinuous veneer of eolian sand and silt to 1 m. Contains, near the base, a reworked pale-gray ash correlated on the basis of shard chemistry (A. Sarna-Wojcicki, USGS, written communication, March 1998) to Lava Creek B (660 ka; Izett, et al., 1999) erupted from the Yellowstone caldera. Qtp 1 - Terrace gravel (middle Pleistocene) — Fill - terrace gravel, 3 - 8 m thick confidently identified in Cañon Seguro and between Santo Domingo and Borrego Canyons where Lava Creek B tephra (A. Sarna-Wojcicki, USGS, written communication, March 1998) is found in the lower part of the fill. At the latter locality, Qtp 1 gravel prograded over Qta 1 gravel. Gravel in a similar geomorphic position, but lacking ash, is found adjacent to Borrego Canyon. Qta 2 - Terrace gravel (middle Pleistocene) — Strath-terrace gravel located approximately 50 - 70 m above grade along the Rio Grande and, at one locality, along the Santa Fe River . Axial gravel present above Santa Cruz Arroyo is 1- 2 m thick and contains up to 20% clasts of Bandelier Tuff and 10-20% basalt. Eroded terrace remnant in Santa Fe River valley contains basalt boulders to 1.25 m across. Four kilometers to the north, in the Cochiti Dam quadrangle, an axial strath gravel of unit Qta 2 overlies a soil developed on a flood-gravel deposit. This lower gravel includes reworked biotite-rhyolite tephra dated by 40 Ar/ 39 Ar at 0.55 ± 0.01 Ma (W. McIntosh, personal communication, February 1997) that is probably correlative to the South Mountain Rhyolite. Dethier and McCoy (1993) estimate an age of 310 ± 70 ka for fill terraces at a similar elevation above grade in the Española Basin, which may be roughly correlative with the <550 ka Qta 2 strath. Dethier et al. (1988) report a varnish-cation-ratio age estimate of 350 -240 ka for gravel from Qta 2 in the Cochiti Dam quadrangle. Qtp 2 - Terrace gravel (middle Pleistocene) — Fill - terrace gravel, 5 -10 m thick, located approximately 50 -70 m above grade north of Borrego Canyon and in a discontinuous belt through the central part of the Santo Doming Pueblo SW quadrangle. Rare clasts of welded Bandelier Tuff in this latter outcrop belt are derived from source outcrops outside the present watersheds of existing drainages and, along with distribution of terrace remnants, suggest deposition by an ancestral Peralta Canyon drainage that extended southward to a confluence with Borrego Canyon or the Rio Grande. Geomorphic relationships in this quadrangle, and in the Cañada quadrangle farther north, indicate that this ancestral drainage was pirated by headward erosion of two tributaries to the Rio Grande, one of which is represented by lower Cañon Santo Domingo. The correlative terraces in the Santo Domingo Pueblo quadrangle are <550 ka and are tentatively correlated to Española Basin terraces for which Dethier and McCoy (1993) estimate an age of 310 ± 70 ka. Qtp 2 is probably correlative with the Cañada terrace of Aby (1997). Qta 3 - Terrace gravel (middle Pleistocene) — Fill - terrace gravel with an upper surface approximately 30-35 m above grade along the Rio Grande, Santa Fe River, and Peralta Canyon. Qta 3 is at least 30 m thick along the Rio Grande between Cochiti Dam and Peña Blanca. The Qta 3 fill consists of three subunits, not mapped separately. From bottom to top these are: (1) A lower cobble gravel with intercalated sand lenses and minor slackwater silt and clay. This unit is best exposed in borrow pits in Peña Blanca and is at least 15 m thick. (2) A middle sand and silt with gravel lenses, approximately 12-15 m thick, which includes gypsiferous mud. (3) An upper gravel about 1 - 2 m thick. Hoge (1970) proposed correlation of the unit here mapped as Qta 3 with the middle Pleistocene Edith Gravel of the Albuquerque area, although we map the extent of this gravel differently than did Hoge. Dethier and McCoy (1993) estimate an age of 170 ± 40 ka for fill terraces at a similar elevation above grade in the Española Basin, which may be roughly correlative with the Qta 3 fill. Qtp 3 - Terrace gravel (middle Pleistocene) — Fill- terrace gravel 5-10 m thick, with an upper surface approximately 30 - 35 m above grade. The most prominent of these deposits are present in the lower part of the unnamed drainage north of Borrego Canyon. These deposits extend away from the modern drainage and mark the course of an ancestral Peralta Canyon, which entered the area from the north (see description for Qtp 2 ). Qta 4 - Terrace gravel (upper Pleistocene) — Fill - terrace gravel with an upper surface approximately 18-20 m above grade along the Rio Grande, Santa Fe River , Galisteo Creek and Peralta and Santo Domingo Canyons. Because Qta 4 is typically inset against similar gravel of Qta 3 , the precise portrayal of the thickness of Qta 4 terrace fill is difficult to establish for many outcrops. In gullies south of the outlet of Cochiti Dam and in borrow pits in Peña Blanca it is apparent that this terrace deposit is at least as much as 8 m thick. At the extreme north edge of the quadrangle this terrace includes boulders of basalt and hawaiite as much as 4 m across that presumably represent floods related to outbreaks from landslide dams in White Rock Canyon. Qta 4 underlies Qe, which contains ~ 60 ka El Cajete Pumice (Reneau, et al., 1996). Dethier and McCoy (1993) estimate an age of 95 ± 15 ka for fill terraces at a similar elevation above grade in the Española Basin, which may be roughly correlative with the Qta 4 fill. Qtp 4 probably correlates to the Rio terrace of Aby (1997). Topographic maps predating the construction of Cochiti Dam suggest the presence of a slightly lower, ~ 15 m, terrace that was destroyed during dam construction. Photographs in USACE foundation reports for the building of Cochiti Dam illustrate a several-meter thick accumulation of pumice on the upper surface of this terrace and banked against the backslope. This deposit was most likely El Cajete Pumice. It is not clear to us if this terrace is distinct from Qta 4 or not. If it is really younger, it may correlate to the Ash terrace of Aby (1997). Qtp 4 - Terrace gravel (upper Pleistocene) — Fill -terrace gravel, 3-8 m thick, with an upper surface approximately 18 -20 m above grade. It is less than 3 m thick in lower Peralta Canyon but reaches typical thickness near the mouth of the Santa Fe River . It is most prominent along Borrego Canyon and the south side of Cañon Santo Domingo where this gravel underlies a broad surface marking a former tributary - mouth fan along the western side of the Rio Grande valley. The equivalent terraces in the Santo Domingo Pueblo quadrangle are >60 ka and are tentatively correlated to Española Basin terraces for which Dethier and McCoy (1993) estimate an age of 95 ± 15 ka. Qtp 5 - Terrace gravel (upper Pleistocene) — Fill - terrace gravel, 2-8 m thick, with an upper surface approximately 10 m above grade. Found discontinuously in Cañon Santo Domingo. Alluvial fan gravel (middle ? Pleistocene to Holocene) — Poorly sorted, angular gravel of basalt clasts, 5 cm to 2 m across, comprising alluvial fans and thin (<1 m thick) downslope alluvial aprons adjacent to the La Bajada Mesa escarpment. Probably interbedded with unit Qalm. Local, 0.5-1.5 m thick, veneers of eolian sand not mapped separately. Piedmont sand, undifferentiated (middle Pleistocene) — Poorly sorted sand and minor, lenticular gravel overlying Qta 3 adjacent to the Santa Fe River, and averaging 2.5 m thick. Generally exhibits a capping soil with a 1+ m thick Bt horizon and a stage II to III calcic horizon. In the center of Sec21 T.16N. R.6E., this deposit is clearly disconformable on Qta 3 , although it may not be substantially younger than the underlying terrace gravel. Texture and rarely preserved sedimentary structures suggest that Qpu is a combination of sheetwash, gullywash, and eolian sediment derived, at least in part, from erosion of the higher upland surface and the backslope above the Qta 3 terrace. Deposition of this material probably followed abandonment of the Qta 3 surface by the Rio Grande. Alluvium of the La Majada Mesa surface (lower ? to middle Pleistocene) — Poorly sorted sand and silt with minor, lenticular gravel; texturally similar to Qpu. Deposits of alluvium and eolian sediment associated with an extensive geomorphic surface extending from Galisteo Creek to near the base of La Bajada Mesa and constructed by Galisteo Creek, Santa Fe River and, perhaps to a minor extent, the Rio Grande. Sediment underlying this surface rests on Sierra Ladrones Formation (Santa Fe Group) and has been extensively stripped. Where Qalm rests directly on QTslp, there is insufficient textural or compositional difference to distinguish the two units. Excavations east of Cochiti Dam reveal that at least 10-12 m of Qalm originally rested above QTslg, although much of this material was removed to provide fill for Cochiti Dam. In the walls of these excavations, Qalm contains numerous buried soils suggesting a complex history of alternating landscape stability and accretion. A capping stage III to IV calcic horizon is present in many places below a largely stripped Bt. Local accumulations of sand on the uppermost surface are associated with active eolian processes but were not mapped separately. Unit Qalm is possibly correlative with the Ridge terrace of Aby (1997) and with axial-gravel terrace Qta 1 . Landslide deposits and colluvium (Pleistocene ?) — Rotated slide blocks of hawaiite lava and coarse colluvium accumulated on slopes below unit Th in the northeast corner of the Santo Domingo Pueblo quadrangle. Colluvium (upper Pleistocene and Holocene) — Rock - fall talus cones and scree slopes composed of basalt blocks mantling steep hillslopes below basaltic lava flows in the southern part of the Santo Domingo Pueblo SW quadrangle. Also delineates gravelly colluvial slopes along the north side of lower Borrego Canyon. QUATERNARY – TERTIARY ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS Santa Fe Group Sierra Ladrones Formation - upper Miocene to lower Pleistocene Sand, mud and gravel deposited by eastern-piedmont streams — Buff to red colored sand and mud. Pebbly lithic-arkosic sand derived from sources east and northeast of the basin. Finer-grained facies may include both eastern piedmont and axial-floodplain deposits. Most pebbly layers from north side of Galisteo Creek to north side of Santa Fe River valley are dominated by clasts of granite, basalt, and white vein quartz suggesting depositon by an Ancestral Santa Fe River . Gravel layers and lenses south of Galisteo Creek, and locally on the north side of that valley, contain abundant clasts of hornblende-pyroxene latite porphyry, derived from intrusive and volcanic rocks near Cerrillos, and ubiquitous, though minor, rounded cobbles of petrified wood likely eroded from the Eocene Galisteo Formation. These latter gravels have a provenance similar to that of modern Galisteo Creek. Presence of basalt clasts and intercalation with Bandelier Tuff in the Galisteo Creek drainage indicate a Pliocene - early Pleistocene age for exposed parts of this unit. Pumiceous alluvium in this valley, 1.5 mile east of Domingo, contains abundant fossil remains of Equus and Gomphotherium. Includes axial - gravel deposits (QTslg) where too thin to map separately. Gravel deposited by axial river (ancestral Rio Grande) — Mapped as QTsl in the Santo Domingo Pueblo SW quadrangle, but differentiated from QTslp as QTslg where unit thickness and map scale permited in the Santo Domingo Pueblo quadrangle. Contains about 35 - 40% quartzite, 20% granitic and metamorphic rocks and the remainder mostly volcanic rocks. Clasts of Oligocene Pedernal Chert comprise 1 to 5% of most outcrops. Interbedded with Cochiti Formation (QTc) and the Peralta Tuff Member of the Bearhead Rhyolite (Tbp). In the Santo Domingo Pueblo SW quadrangle, axial gravel is interbedded with beds of Peralta Tuff Member of the Bearhead Rhyolite that have yielded 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages of 6.81 ± 0.02, 6.81 ± 0.01, and 6.88 ± 0.01 Ma (W. McIntosh, personal communication, Feb. 1997). These upper Miocene outcrops are contiguous with those exposed in the footwall of the Sile fault, south of Sile, where an age of 6.82 ± 0.04 Ma was determined (W. McIntosh, personal communication, Oct. 1997) for pumice within QTslg. To the northwest, in the Cañada quadrangle, rhyolitic hydromagmatic deposits dated at 6.90 ± 0.06 Ma (McIntosh and Quade, 1995), and clearly from a lower stratigraphic position than the samples providing the three ages above, contain accessory clasts derived from axial gravel deposits. Tephra, apparently reworked from the lower Bandelier Tuff, and dated at 1.62 ± 0.01 Ma (W. McIntosh, personal communication, Feb. 1997) is present in the Santa Fe River valley immediately upstream of Cochiti Dam. These dates constrain the age of the Sierra Ladrones Formation outcrops in the map area from late Miocene to early Pleistocene. Cuttings from a Bureau of Indian Affairs water well drilled near the eastern margin of the quadrangle encountered axial gravel in the subsurface (cross-section A-A'). Sand deposited by axial river (ancestral Rio Grande) — Sand and gravelly sand conspicuous along east side of Rio Grande, mostly south of Peña Blanca. Locally partially cemented by yellow-brown iron hydroxides. Trough and tabular crossbedding reveal flow toward the south and southwest. Distinct from QTslg by dominance of sand, rather than gravel, size grains. Approximately 200 m thick with base not exposed. . Lacustrine clay, silt, and sand — Two lithofacies assemblages are recognized. Laminated and thin bedded sand, silt, and clay associated with volcanic deposits of unit Tb are located between Cochiti Lake and Cañada de Cochiti. These are deposits of lakes that formed in hydromagmatic craters (outcrops in Cañada de Cochiti) and upslope of hydromagmatic tuff rings and lava flows that temporarily blocked the ancestral Rio Grande (Smith, et al., 1997; outcrops east of Cochiti Dam). Combined surface and subsurface data (USACE) indicate thickness as great as 25 m. The second lithofacies assemblage is mapped as numerous distinct beds interbedded with unit QTsls south of Peña Blanca and consists of massive to laminated calcareous green mudstone, marl, tuffaceous marl, reworked tuff and diatomite. Lacustrine limestone, mudstone and minor sandstone — Consists of 1 to 3 beds of vuggy limestone, travertine, and marl interbedded with green calcareous mudstone and local beds of axial-composition sand. Total thickness is 4 to 12 m; thickest outcrops form prominent east - dipping cuesta along north side of Galisteo Creek north of Domingo and in unnamed valley southeast of Peña Blanca. In the latter area, limestone fills channels incised through basalt (Tb). Gastropod and ostracode fossils locally abundant. Abundance of precipitated calcite suggests bodies of water that were at least partially spring fed. The large extent of this deposit, however, suggests an areally extensive shallow lake. These deposits might speculatively relate to disruption of surface flow and consequent water-table rise caused by impoundment of the Rio Grande valley behind lava dams of the San Felipe volcanic field located immediately southwest of the quadrangle. Cochiti Formation (upper Miocene to lower Pleistocene) — Volcaniclastic sand and gravel in poorly sorted, tabular beds. Gradationally overlies the upper Miocene Peralta Tuff Member of the Bearhead Rhyolite (Smith and Lavine, 1996). Contact is located about 10 m above a 6.79 ± 0.05 Ma pyroclastic deposit (McIntosh and Quade, 1995). A 6.16 ± 0.07 Ma (W. McIntosh, personal communication, October 1997) rhyolitic tephra is present near the base of the formation at Tent Rocks in the Cañada quadrangle. In the Cochiti Dam quadrangle, the upper Cochiti Formation contains primary and reworked tephra-fall beds dated at 1.87 ± 0.01 and 1.84 ± 0.02 Ma by 40 Ar/ 39 Ar (W. McIntosh, personal communication, February 1997) and correlated, by visual comparison, to the San Diego Canyon A and B ignimbrites. In the Cañada quadrangle, lower Pleistocene Bandelier Tuff is present within the uppermost Cochiti Formation. The Cochiti Formation is interbedded with unit QTslg. Outcrops in the northern and western part of Santo Domingo Pueblo SW quadrangle are primarily gravel and pebbly sand. The formation becomes finer grained toward the central and south - central part of the quadrangle, where it is principally sand and silt with uncommon tabular gravel beds, generally less than 1.5 m thick. Clasts consist of Keres Group volcanic rocks. In the northern part of the quadrangle there is a distinct upward increase in the abundance of devitrified and altered rhyolite at the expense of vitric rhyolite; rhyolite fragments are primarily derived from the Bearhead Rhyolite. Western outcrops include pebbles of obsidian and altered pumice believed to be derived from the Canovas Canyon and Bearhead Rhyolites. At the highest stratigraphic levels near the western margin of the quadrangle, nonvolcanic quartz and feldspar comprise ~ 10% of the sand. Western outcrops of Cochiti Formation are derived from middle Miocene Santa Fe Group outcrops within and west of the Cañada de Cochiti fault zone. These older sedimentary strata record the intercalation of early Keres Group volcaniclastic aprons from the north with alluvium derived from the east slope of the Nacimiento Mountains farther west. The western outcrops of the Cochiti Formation record the recycling of this earlier sedimentary sequence into the subsiding Santo Domingo basin. Gravel of Lookout Park (upper Pliocene) — Cobble to boulder gravel, composed mostly of Keres Group andesite and rhyolite clasts, 5-15 m thick, disconformably overlying Cochiti Formation. Over most of the quadrangle, this gravel deposit rests on a broad pediment surface but, in outcrops in lower Borrego Canyon and south of lower Santo Domingo Canyon is slightly inset into older deposits. Is inset below basalt of Santa Ana Mesa (Tb 2 ) dated at 2.41 ± 0.03 and underlies lower Bandelier Tuff (1.61 Ma) indicating deposition during a short period of the late Pliocene. Remants of a stage IV calcic soil horizon are present at the surface in some places. This older soil was stripped and then the gravel was largely buried in eolian sand and silt in which a new soil has formed with a stage II- stage III calcic horizon evident in various places. Volcanic Rocks Bandelier Tuff, Otowi Member and Guaje Pumice (Lower Pleistocene) — Silver gray pumice-lapilli fall deposit (1.2-1.8 m thick) overlain by as much as 15 m of erosionally truncated, white to pink nonwelded ignimbrite containing pumice bombs to 50 cm. In the Santo Domingo Pueblo SW quadrangle, Bandelier Tuff rests unconformably on gravel of Lookout Park (Tglp), occupying shallow channels incised into the gravel or resting on a paleosol developed in eolian sand resting on the gravel. Olivine basalt (Pliocene), Santo Domingo Pueblo Quadrangle — Olivine basalt within Sierra Ladrones Formation in Peña Blanca – Cochiti Dam area. Two lava flows are present along the Santa Fe River downstream from Cochiti Dam but only the lower of these flows is present elsewhere. These lavas overlie and are separated by hydromagmatic tuff (unit Tbt) that is too thin to map separately. Probable source of lava flows was a low spatter cone or shield cone that was located near the Santa Fe River but was destroyed and buried during the construction of Cochiti Dam (Smith, et al., 1997). Sample collected above the Santa Fe River provided a 40 Ar/ 39 Ar date of 2.71 ± 0.04 Ma (W. McIntosh, personal communication, October 1996). Texturally similar basalt was recovered as cuttings from the BIA Santa Cruz Springs well (cross-section A-A') but these latter flows were likely erupted northeast of the quadrangle and overlie lava flows dated at 2.57 ± 0.03 to 2.67 ± 0.06 Ma (W. McIntosh, personal communication, October 1997). Olivine basalt (Pliocene), Santo Domingo Pueblo SW Quadrangle — Tb / Tbv - Olivine basalt (Pliocene) — Basaltic lava flows (Tb) of the San Felipe volcanic field, forming the top of Santa Ana Mesa in the southwest corner of the quadrangle. Vent - proximal spatter and scoria (Tbv) are prominent near vents, which are marked by asterisks. Relative age relationships of the three lava flow sequences that were mapped are ambiguous on the basis of reconnaissance field observations. Tb 3 – Poorly exposed basalt, probably only 1 flow, with sparse olivine and plagioclase phenocrysts to 3 mm, erupted from vents south of the quadrangle. Tb 2 / Tbv 2 – A single, inflated basalt flow, generally 4-6 m thick but thickening toward source, erupted from the northernmost volcano on Santa Ana Mesa, which is marked by a pyroclastic cone of spatter and cinder (Tbv 2 ). Overlies hydromagmatic tuff (Tbt). Lava flow overlies and is inset against older lava of Tb 1 where it was eroded by the ancestral Rio Grande. Consists of ~ 20 - 25% iddingsitized olivine phenocrysts (to 3.0 mm) and glomerphenocrysts (to 5.0 mm) in a coarse grained intergranular groundmass of plagioclase, clinopyroxene and oxide minerals. 40 Ar/ 39 Ar plateau age of 2.41 ± 0.03 Ma (W. McIntosh, written communication, April 1998). Tb 1 / Tbv 1 – Sequence of 1-4(?) lava flows, more than 15 m thick, erupted from a linear chain of low shield volcanoes and eroded cinder cones (Tbv 1 ). Eroded eastern margin is associated with scattered quartzite pebbles indicating a former course of the Rio Grande following the eruption of the lava flows. Consists of 10% olivine phenocrysts (1-3 mm) and 20% plagioclase phenocrysts (0.6-1 mm), including olivine+plagioclase glomerphenocrysts to 5.0 mm across, in a fine grained intergranular groundmass of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and oxide minerals. Distinguished from Tbv 2 by greater abundance of plagioclase and lower abundance of olivine, which are also reflected geochemically by higher CaO and lower MgO. 40 Ar/ 39 Ar plateau age of 2.62 ± 0.15 Ma (W. McIntosh, written communication, July 1998). Basaltic tuff (Pliocene)— Bedded, hydromagmatic tuffs forming tuff rings centered below Cochiti Dam between the Rio Grande and Cañada de Cochiti (Smith, et al., 1997). Deposits dominated by ash size sideromelane tephra and comminuted basin-fill sediment. Clasts of rounded quartzite, granitic rocks, and volcanic rocks derived from underlying QTslg are common. Accretionary lapilli are sparsely present. Sandwave crossbedding is prominent in most outcrops, but is most well developed in the outcrops along Cañada de Cochiti. Thin, planar-bedded tuff exposed east of N.M. Highway 22, 1.5 mi. northeast of Santo Domingo Pueblo is thought to correlate to tuff exposed in Peña Blanca – Cochiti Dam area. Hawaiite (Pliocene) — Sparsely porphyritic hawaiite lava flow mapped along margin of the La Bajada escarpment by Aubele (1978). Texturally similar lava flows were encountered in the BIA Santa Cruz Springs well at depths below 630' (192 m). Cuttings from these flows yielded ages of 2.57 ± 0.03 to 2.67 ± 0.06 Ma (W. McIntosh, personal communication, October 1997). Bearhead Rhyolite, Peralta Tuff Member (upper Miocene) — Sparsely porphyritic (quartz+sanidine+biotite) rhyolitic tuff, lapilli tuff and gravel notably rich in glassy rhyolite. Interbedded with QTsl in NE corner of quadrangle and is present beneath QTc in the footwall of the Camada fault at the northern edge of the quadrangle; approximately 50 m of section exposed. Dated tuff layers within the quadrangle range from 6.81 ± 0.02 to 6.88 ± 0.01. Known thickness exceeds 500 m in the Canada quadrangle, where dates range between ~ 7.0 and 6.75 Ma. 35°37' 30" 106° 30' 35°30' 106° 30' 35°37' 30" 106°15' 35°30' 106°15' Santo Domingo Pueblo Galisteo Creek Physiography of the Santo Domingo Pueblo - Santo Domingo Pueblo SW area based upon 10-m USGS DEM data. 106°22'30" 106°22'30" Peña Blanca COC HI T I D A M Cochiti Lake R I O G R A N D E Cochiti Pueblo L A M A J A D A M E S A S A N T A A N A M E SA S a n t a F é R iv er Caja del Rio Peralta C a n y o n C a ñ o n S e g u ro C a ñ o n S a nto D o mi n go B o r r e g o C a n y o n COC HI T I D A M Cochiti Lake 22 22 16

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ions

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e in

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ade

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re a

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y sh

ould

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ings

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e

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osit

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ks

Sum

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y of

40 A

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Age

s fo

r Sa

mpl

es C

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inth

e Sa

nto

Dom

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dran

gle,

199

6-19

97.

Map

Sam

ple

Age

No.

No.

Loca

tion

Des

crip

tion

(Ma)

Sani

dine

:1

GSC

P960

535

.590

o NRe

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ked

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iceo

us a

sh c

olle

cted

with

in a

xial

qua

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1.62

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avel

just

east

of th

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uth

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men

t of C

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ti D

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ably

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ock:

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llect

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om c

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t 640

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0.06

106.

251o W

in th

e BI

A S

anta

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z Sp

rings

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ct w

ell

4SC

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035

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o NH

awai

ite (?

) lav

a flo

w s

ampl

e co

llect

ed fr

om c

uttin

gs a

t 720

-730

’2.

57±

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106.

251o W

in th

e BI

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anta

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z Sp

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ell

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o NH

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a flo

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om c

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t 850

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106.

251o W

in th

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anta

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Dav

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eter

min

atio

ns p

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ded

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illia

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logy

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earc

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bora

tory

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stitu

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f Min

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and

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M

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CENOZOIC

Quaternary Tertiary

Pleistocene

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odE

poc

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Hol

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e

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imen

tary

Dep

osit

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ks

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mar

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Age

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r Sa

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inth

e Sa

nto

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ingo

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blo

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hwes

t Qua

dran

gle,

199

7-19

98.

Map

Sam

ple

Loca

tion

Age

No.

No.

(UTM

)D

escr

iptio

n(M

a)

Gro

undm

ass

Con

cent

rate

:1

GSS

D36

764

9431

74Ba

salt;

thin

flow

inte

rcal

ated

with

in n

ear-v

ent a

gglu

tinat

e (T

bv1)

2.62

±0.

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ta A

na M

esa

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7086

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lt (T

bv2)

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w o

verly

ing

hydr

omag

mat

ic tu

ff 2.

41±

0.03

north

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orre

go C

anyo

n

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dine

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GSC

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174

4537

44

Rhyo

lite

pum

ice,

rew

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olle

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with

in a

xial

qua

rtzite

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6.

82±

0.04

grav

el o

f the

Sie

rra

Ladr

ones

form

atio

n (Q

Tsl)

north

wes

t of S

ile;

corr

elat

ive

to p

yroc

lasti

c de

posit

s in

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alta

Tuf

f

4G

SCP9

603

7392

4242

Rhyo

lite

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ra, p

erha

ps s

light

ly re

wor

ked,

col

lect

ed w

ithin

axi

al6.

88±

0.01

quar

tzite

-rich

gra

vel o

f the

Sie

rra

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ones

form

atio

n (Q

Tsl)

wes

tof

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hiti

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lo; c

orre

lativ

e to

pyr

ocla

stic

depo

sits

in P

eral

ta T

uff

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615

7356

4277

Cry

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ite fa

llout

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ra (c

emen

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col

lect

ed fr

om

6.81

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ralta

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f mem

ber o

f the

Bea

rhea

d Rh

yolit

e (T

bp) i

n an

out

crop

area

sou

thw

est o

f Per

alta

Can

yon

whe

re P

eral

ta T

uff i

s in

terb

edde

dw

ith a

xial

gra

vel o

f the

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rra

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ones

form

atio

n (Q

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6G

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623

7070

4304

Igni

mbr

ite c

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cted

from

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alta

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f mem

ber o

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lite

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th o

f Per

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2

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Tb1

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Tbt

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GEO

LOG

IC C

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SS

SEC

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5,60

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5,20

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5,80

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0'

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2.0

3.0

4.0

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6.0

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mpl

e N

o.)

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376)

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l99

.63

Maj

or-e

lem

ent X

RF a

naly

ses

by J.

Hus

ler,

Uni

vers

ity o

f New

Mex

ico

OF

-DM

–4

3

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S

OF

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–4

2

OF

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7

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OF

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NEWM

EX

ICO

STAT

EM

A

P

NMBureau

of

Min

es

&M

ine

ra

lR

esources

Eart

hScie

nce

for

the

21st

Centu

ry

Ne

w

Me

xic

o

Te

ch

Dr.

Pet

er A

. S

cho

lle

Dir

ecto

r an

d S

tate

Geo

logi

st

Dr.

Pau

l W

. B

auer

Geo

logi

c M

ap

pin

gP

rogr

am

Dir

ecto

r

REFE

REN

CES

Aby

, S. B

., 19

97, T

he te

rrac

es o

f Coc

hiti

Can

yon:

soi

l dev

elop

men

t and

rela

tion

to a

ctiv

ity in

the

Paja

rito

faul

tzo

ne:

Alb

uque

rque

, Uni

vers

ity o

f New

Mex

ico,

M.S

. the

sis (u

npub

).

Aub

ele,

J. C

., 19

78, G

eolo

gy o

f the

Cer

ros d

el R

io v

olca

nic

field

, San

ta F

e, S

ando

val,

and

Los A

lam

os C

ount

ies,

New

Mex

ico:

Alb

uque

rque

, Uni

vers

ity o

f New

Mex

ico,

M.S

. the

sis (u

npub

.), 1

36 p

.

.

Det

hier

, D. P

., H

arrin

gton

, C. D

., an

d A

ldric

h, M

. J.,

198

8, L

ate

Cen

ozoi

c ra

tes

of e

rosi

on in

the

wes

tern

Espa

ñola

bas

in, N

ew M

exic

o: E

vide

nce

from

geo

logi

c da

ting

of e

rosio

n su

rface

s: G

eolo

gica

l Soc

iety

of

Am

eric

a Bu

lletin

, v. 1

00, p

. 928

-937

.

Det

hier

, D. P

., 19

96, G

eolo

gic

map

of t

he C

ochi

ti D

am q

uadr

angl

e: u

npub

lishe

d m

appi

ng fo

r the

U.S

. Geo

logi

cal

Surv

ey, 1

:24,

000.

Det

hier

, D. P

., an

d M

cCoy

, W. D

., 19

93, A

min

ostra

tigra

phic

rela

tions

and

age

of Q

uate

rnar

y de

posit

s, no

rther

nEs

paño

la b

asin

, nor

ther

n N

ew M

exic

o: Q

uate

rnar

y Re

sear

ch, v

. 39,

p. 2

22-2

30.

.

Gan

seck

i, C

. A

., M

ahoo

d, G

. A

., an

d M

cWill

iam

s, M

., 19

98

, N

ew a

ges

for

the

clim

actic

eru

ptio

ns a

tYe

llow

ston

e:

Sing

le-c

ryst

al 4

0A

r-39A

r da

ting

iden

tifie

s co

ntam

inat

ion:

G

eolo

gy, v

. 26

, p. 3

43

-34

6.

Gra

f, W

. L.,

1994

, Plu

toni

um a

nd th

e Ri

o G

rand

e: N

ew Y

ork,

Oxf

ord

Uni

vers

ity P

ress

, 329

p.

.

Hog

e, H

. P.,

1970

, Neo

gene

stra

tigra

phy

of th

e Sa

nta

Ana

are

a, S

ando

val C

ount

y, N

ew M

exic

o: A

lbuq

uerq

ue,

Uni

vers

ity o

f New

Mex

ico,

Ph.

D. t

hesis

(unp

ub.),

140

p.

Kelle

y, V

. C.,

197

7, G

eolo

gy o

f the

Alb

uque

rque

bas

in, N

ew M

exic

o: N

ew M

exic

o Bu

reau

of M

ines

and

Min

eral

Res

ourc

es, M

emoi

r 33,

59

p.

McI

ntos

h, W

. C.,

and

Qua

de, J

., 19

95, 4

0 Ar/

39A

r ge

ochr

onol

ogy

of te

phra

laye

rs in

the

Sant

a Fe

Gro

up,

Espa

ñola

bas

in,

New

Mex

ico:

New

Mex

ico

Geo

logi

cal

Soci

ety,

Gui

debo

ok 4

6,

p. 2

79

-287

.

Rene

au, S

. L.,

Gar

dner

, J. N

., an

d Fo

rman

, S. L

., 19

96, N

ew e

vide

nce

for t

he a

ge o

f the

you

nges

t eru

ptio

nsin

the

Valle

s ca

lder

a, N

ew M

exic

o: G

eolo

gy, v

. 24,

p. 7

-10.

Smith

, G. A

., an

d La

vine

, A.,

1996

, Wha

t is t

he C

ochi

ti Fo

rmat

ion?

New

Mex

ico

Geo

logi

cal S

ocie

ty, G

uide

book

47, p

. 219

-224

.

Smith

, G. A

., Si

mm

ons,

M. C

., an

d Ku

hle,

A. J

., 19

97, C

onte

mpo

rane

ous m

agm

atic

and

hyd

rom

agm

atic

Plio

cene

basa

lt er

uptio

ns a

t the

site

of C

ochi

ti D

am, S

ando

val C

ount

y, N

ew M

exic

o [a

bstr.

]: N

ew M

exic

o G

eolo

gy,

v. 1

9, p

. 63.

Smith

, R. L

., Ba

iley,

R. A

., an

d Ro

ss, C

. S.,

1970

, Geo

logi

c m

ap o

f the

Jem

ez M

ount

ains

, New

Mex

ico:

U.S

.G

eolo

gica

l Sur

vey,

Misc

ella

neou

s In

vest

igat

ions

Map

I-57

1, s

cale

1:1

25,0

00.

CO

CH

ITI D

AM

EX

CA

VA

TIO

N A

ND

FIL

L

Alth

ough

the

map

bas

e is

a re

vise

d to

pogr

aphi

c m

ap is

sued

afte

r con

struc

tion

of C

ochi

ti D

am,

not a

ll of

the

dam

fill

is co

rrec

tly re

pres

ente

d an

d to

pogr

aphy

was

not

revi

sed

in th

e ar

ea o

fex

cava

tions

for f

ill m

ater

ial a

nd th

e co

nvey

ance

cha

nnel

.

Dam

fill

and

engi

neer

ing

struc

ture

s.

Dia

gona

l hat

chur

es —

are

as o

f dee

p ex

cava

tion

and

rem

oval

of s

uffic

ient

vol

ume

of m

ater

ial

so a

s to

pro

hibi

t acc

urat

e m

appi

ng o

n th

is to

pogr

aphi

c ba

se.

Uni

t QTs

lg is

cur

rent

ly e

xpos

edin

mos

t of t

hese

are

as b

ut a

t ele

vatio

ns 2

00-3

00 fe

et lo

wer

than

the

topo

grap

hy re

pres

ente

don

the

topo

grap

hic

base

.

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er e

xcav

atio

ns a

nd re

cont

ourin

g ha

ve s

ubsta

ntia

lly m

odifi

ed th

e la

ndsc

ape

with

in th

e ar

eapo

rtray

ed o

n th

e m

ap b

ase

by th

e di

sturb

ed-g

roun

d sy

mbo

l (re

mov

ed h

ere

for c

larit

y–

see

actu

al to

pogr

aphi

c m

ap fo

r are

al e

xten

t).

The

mag

nitu

de o

f th

is di

sturb

ance

is n

ot s

o gr

eat,

how

ever

, as

to p

rohi

bit m

appi

ng o

f uni

ts an

d pr

ojec

tions

of c

onta

cts

onto

the

pre

- exc

avat

ion

topo

grap

hy.

QU

ATE

RN

AR

Y A

LLU

VIA

L, E

OLI

AN

, AN

D M

ASS

-WA

STIN

G D

EPO

SITS

Dep

osits

of

mod

ern

chan

nel a

nd f

lood

plai

n of

the

Rio

Gra

nde

(Hol

ocen

e) —

Sa

nd,

mud

and

min

or g

rave

l, m

ostly

with

in 3

m e

leva

tion

of th

e pr

esen

t cha

nnel

. Pr

omin

ent g

eom

orph

icex

pres

sion

of a

band

oned

cha

nnel

s (s

ome

of w

hich

are

occ

upie

d by

per

man

ent p

onds

and

mar

shes

) an

d ve

geta

ted

bars

. Th

ese

depo

sits

are

pro

babl

y m

ostly

of h

isto

ric a

ge a

nd a

rela

rgel

y yo

unge

r th

an 1

940

(cf

., G

raf,

1994

, fig

ure

10.3

).

Thic

knes

s un

know

n.

Old

er a

lluvi

um o

f the

Rio

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nde

(upp

er P

leis

toce

ne?

and

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ocen

e) —

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vial

san

d,gr

avel

and

silt

, 10

-30

m th

ick,

und

erly

ing

a lo

w-re

lief s

urfa

ce a

bout

3 m

abo

ve th

e ac

tive

chan

nel o

f the

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nde.

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s su

rface

has

bee

n la

rgel

y m

odifi

ed b

y ag

ricul

tura

l act

ivity

but

,w

here

unm

odifi

ed, l

acks

the

rem

nant

cha

nnel

and

bar

topo

grap

hy th

at is

pro

min

ent o

n th

esu

rfac

e of

uni

t Qf.

Pro

babl

y in

terc

alat

ed w

ith u

nit Q

al n

ear

the

valle

y m

argi

ns.

U.S

. Arm

yC

orps

of E

ngin

eers

(USA

CE)

cor

e lo

gs a

long

the

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nde

at th

e C

ochi

ti D

am o

utle

t ind

icat

ea

10-3

0 m

thic

knes

s fo

r thi

s de

posit

.

Allu

vium

dep

osite

d by

Rio

Gra

nde

trib

utar

ies

(upp

er P

leis

toce

ne?

and

Hol

ocen

e) —

Poor

ly s

orte

d gr

avel

ly s

and

and

sand

y gr

avel

dep

osite

d in

cha

nnel

s an

d m

inor

floo

dpla

inar

eas

of tr

ibut

ary

strea

ms

and

as a

bro

ad a

lluvi

al a

pron

alo

ng th

e w

est s

ide

of th

e Ri

o G

rand

eva

lley

(eas

t edg

e of

the

Sant

o D

omin

go P

uebl

o SW

qua

dran

gle)

. In

clud

es tr

ibut

ary-

mou

thfa

ns w

here

the

Sant

a Fe

Riv

er, a

n un

nam

ed a

rroy

o so

uth

of P

eña

Blan

ca, G

alist

eo C

reek

, and

stre

ams

in P

eral

ta C

anyo

n, C

añon

San

to D

omin

go, a

nd C

añad

a de

Coc

hiti

emer

ge fr

omre

lativ

ely

conf

ined

val

leys

ont

o th

e Ri

o G

rand

e flo

odpl

ain.

Bed

s of

eol

ian

fine

sand

to 0

.5 m

thic

k ar

e lo

cally

pre

sent

. Th

is de

posit

is e

ntre

nche

d by

as

muc

h as

3 m

in s

ever

al lo

calit

ies,

espe

cial

ly a

long

the

low

er S

anta

Fe

Rive

r an

d G

alist

eo C

reek

. Th

e up

per s

urfa

ce c

ontin

ues

to r

ecei

ve d

epos

ition

by

low

er-o

rder

trib

utar

ies,

how

ever

, so

this

unit

was

not

map

ped

as a

terr

ace.

Alo

ng th

e m

argi

n of

the

Rio

Gra

nde

valle

y, th

ese

depo

sits

are

grad

ed to

the

top

ofun

it Q

oa a

nd a

re a

lso li

kely

inte

rbed

ded

with

Qoa

. A

lluvi

um d

epos

ited

near

the

conf

luen

ceof

Per

alta

Can

yon

and

the

Rio

Gra

nde

at C

ochi

ti Pu

eblo

is g

rade

d to

an

olde

r co

nflu

ence

fart

her

east

. W

estw

ard

mig

ratio

n of

the

Rio

Gra

nde

has

caus

ed a

loca

l bas

e-le

vel d

rop,

regr

adin

g of

the

low

erm

ost P

eral

ta C

anyo

n dr

aina

ge, a

nd in

cisio

n of

uni

t Qal

by

as m

uch

as8

m a

t the

mou

th o

f Per

alta

Can

yon

and

at th

e ea

stern

edg

e of

Coc

hiti

Pueb

lo.

Alth

ough

giv

ing

the

appe

aran

ce o

f a te

rrace

, the

ele

vate

d su

rface

resu

lting

from

this

inci

sion

cont

inue

s to

rece

ive

sedi

men

t fro

m h

illsl

opes

and

low

er-o

rder

trib

utar

ies

and

mer

ges

wes

twar

d w

ith th

e ac

tive

depo

sitio

nal s

urfa

ce o

f the

Per

alta

Can

yon

drai

nage

. To

tal t

hick

ness

is p

roba

bly

simila

r to

unit

Qoa

, 10-

30 m

.

Eolia

n sa

nd a

nd s

ilt (

uppe

r Pl

eist

ocen

e an

d H

oloc

ene)

— M

assiv

e fin

e sa

nd a

nd c

oars

esil

t for

min

g 1-

5 m

thic

k de

posit

s in

the

wes

tern

par

t of S

anto

Dom

ingo

Pue

blo

SW q

uadr

angl

e.Th

ey a

re m

ost n

otab

le h

ere

in h

igh

elev

atio

n po

sitio

ns in

the

land

scap

e, e

spec

ially

man

tling

grav

el o

f Loo

kout

Par

k (T

glp)

and

the

basa

lt flo

ws

to th

e so

uthw

est.

On

the

Sant

o D

omin

goPu

eblo

qua

dran

gle,

this

unit

form

s a

1-2

m th

ick

cap

on te

rrac

e gr

avel

of u

nits

Qta

4 an

d Q

tp4

and

thic

kens

to a

s m

uch

as 3

m a

gain

st te

rrace

rise

r of Q

ta3

whe

re s

heet

was

h sa

nd a

nd g

rave

lar

e al

so p

rese

nt.

Loca

lly c

onta

ins

snai

ls th

at h

ave

yiel

ded

AM

S 14

C d

ates

of 3

6.9

±0.5

and

37.8

±0.

5 ka

, alth

ough

thes

e sa

mpl

es m

ay o

nly

cont

ain

“dea

d” c

arbo

n (D

. Det

hier

, per

sona

lco

mm

unic

atio

n, A

ugus

t 199

6).

A 1

0-20

cm

thic

k la

yer o

f coa

rse

ash

and

fine

lapi

lli o

f the

El

Caj

ete

Pum

ice,

dat

ed a

t ~60

ka

(Ren

eau,

et a

l., 1

996)

is p

rese

nt w

ithin

this

unit

in th

e N

E1 / 4

Sec.

20

T.1

6N

. R.6

E.

A c

ompl

icat

ed s

tratig

raph

y re

sulti

ng fr

om e

olia

n ac

cum

ulat

ion

and

loca

lized

she

etw

ash

and

gully

was

h er

osio

n or

def

latio

n is

sugg

este

d by

bur

ied,

trun

cate

d so

ilsan

d th

e pr

esen

ce o

f arc

heol

ogic

al m

ater

ial o

f Arc

haic

to P

uebl

o IV

vin

tage

at v

ario

us le

vels

in th

e de

posit

.

Old

er g

rave

l (lo

wer

Ple

isto

cene

) — V

olca

nic-

clas

t gra

vel,

1-2

m th

ick,

resti

ng a

bove

Ban

delie

rTu

ff (Q

bo) i

n se

vera

l out

crop

s in

the

cent

ral a

nd n

orth

-cen

tral p

art o

f the

San

to D

omin

go P

uebl

oSW

qua

dran

gle.

Pro

babl

y re

pres

ents

a th

in v

enee

r of g

rave

l dep

osite

d on

top

of th

e tu

ff pr

ior

to r

einc

isio

n of

dra

inag

e fo

llow

ing

inun

datio

n of

the

land

scap

e by

the

pyr

ocla

stic

flo

w.

Qta

and

Qtp

- Te

rrac

e gr

avel

(Ple

isto

cene

) — F

ill a

nd s

trath

terr

aces

form

ed a

long

the

Rio

Gra

nde

(axi

al g

rave

l - Q

ta) a

nd tr

ibut

arie

s (pi

edm

ont g

rave

l - Q

tp).

Rio

Gra

nde

terra

ce g

rave

lsco

ntai

n ap

prox

imat

ely

30-4

0% q

uartz

ite, 1

5-2

0% in

term

edia

te-c

ompo

sitio

n vo

lcan

ic ro

cks,

5-1

0 %

rhy

olite

, 10

-15%

gra

nitic

and

gne

issic

rock

s, 5

-20%

bas

alt c

last

s an

d 0

-10%

cla

sts

of th

e Ba

ndel

ier T

uff.

In th

e Sa

nto

Dom

ingo

Pue

blo

quad

rang

le:

Sant

a Fe

Riv

er te

rrac

es a

reun

derla

in p

rimar

ily b

y pe

bbly

ark

osic

san

d; p

ebbl

es a

re d

omin

antly

gra

nitic

rock

s, w

hite

vei

nqu

artz

, and

bas

alt w

ith s

ubor

dina

te in

term

edia

te v

olca

nic

rock

s. P

eral

ta a

nd S

anto

Dom

ingo

Can

yons

terr

ace

grav

el is

com

pose

d of

var

iabl

y al

tere

d an

desit

ic a

nd rh

yolit

ic c

last

s an

d, in

Pera

lta C

anyo

n, B

ande

lier T

uff f

ragm

ents.

Dom

inan

t gra

vel c

last

s in

Gal

isteo

Cre

ek te

rrac

esar

e ho

rnbl

ende

-pyr

oxen

e la

tite,

der

ived

from

the

Cer

rillo

s are

a, a

nd re

d sa

ndsto

ne a

nd p

etrif

ied

woo

d er

oded

from

the

Eoce

ne G

alist

eo F

orm

atio

n ea

st of

the

quad

rang

le. I

n th

e Sa

nto

Dom

ingo

Pueb

lo S

W q

uadr

angl

e:

tribu

tary

-stre

am te

rrac

e gr

avel

is d

omin

ated

by

varia

bly

alte

red

ande

sitic

and

rhyo

litic

cla

sts, d

eriv

ed fr

om th

e C

ochi

ti Fo

rmat

ion

(QTc

) ,an

d lo

cally

abu

ndan

tqu

artz

ite p

ebbl

es (

deriv

ed fr

om Q

Tsl).

Ter

race

gra

vel i

n Bo

rreg

o C

anyo

n in

clud

es 1

0-2

5%ba

salt

cobb

les

and

boul

ders

(to

1 m

acr

oss)

and

~1%

cem

ente

d re

d sa

ndst

one

erod

ed fr

omm

iddl

e Sa

nta

Fe G

roup

stra

ta e

xpos

ed i

n th

e Lo

ma

Cre

ston

qua

dran

gle

fart

her

wes

t.

Qta

1 - T

erra

ce g

rave

l (m

iddl

e Pl

eist

ocen

e) —

Stra

th-te

rrace

gra

vel l

ocat

ed a

ppro

xim

atel

y80

-90

m a

bove

gra

de. G

rave

l is

3-5

m th

ick

and

loca

lly c

appe

d by

a d

iscon

tinuo

us v

enee

rof

eol

ian

sand

and

silt

to 1

m.

Con

tain

s, ne

ar th

e ba

se, a

rew

orke

d pa

le-g

ray

ash

corre

late

don

the

basis

of s

hard

che

mist

ry (A

. Sar

na-W

ojci

cki,

USG

S, w

ritte

n co

mm

unic

atio

n, M

arch

1998

) to

Lava

Cre

ek B

(660

ka;

Izet

t, et

al.,

199

9) e

rupt

ed fr

om th

e Ye

llow

stone

cal

dera

.

Qtp

1 - T

erra

ce g

rave

l (m

iddl

e Pl

eist

ocen

e) —

Fill

-terra

ce g

rave

l, 3

-8 m

thic

k co

nfid

ently

iden

tifie

d in

Cañ

on S

egur

o an

d be

twee

n Sa

nto

Dom

ingo

and

Bor

rego

Can

yons

whe

reLa

va C

reek

B te

phra

(A. S

arna

-Woj

cick

i, U

SGS,

writ

ten

com

mun

icat

ion,

Mar

ch 1

998)

isfo

und

in th

e lo

wer

par

t of t

he fi

ll. A

t the

latte

r loc

ality

, Qtp

1 gr

avel

pro

grad

ed o

ver Q

ta1

grav

el. G

rave

l in

a si

mila

r ge

omor

phic

pos

ition

, but

lack

ing

ash,

is fo

und

adja

cent

toBo

rreg

o C

anyo

n.

Qta

2 - T

erra

ce g

rave

l (m

iddl

e Pl

eist

ocen

e) —

Stra

th-te

rrace

gra

vel l

ocat

ed a

ppro

xim

atel

y50

-70

m a

bove

gra

de a

long

the

Rio

Gra

nde

and,

at o

ne lo

calit

y, a

long

the

Sant

a Fe

Riv

er.

Axi

al g

rave

l pre

sent

abo

ve S

anta

Cru

z A

rroy

o is

1-2

m th

ick

and

cont

ains

up

to 2

0% c

lasts

of B

ande

lier

Tuff

and

10-2

0%

bas

alt.

Ero

ded

terr

ace

rem

nant

in S

anta

Fe

Rive

r va

lley

cont

ains

bas

alt b

ould

ers

to 1

.25

m a

cros

s. F

our k

ilom

eter

s to

the

north

, in

the

Coc

hiti

Dam

quad

rang

le, a

n ax

ial s

trath

gra

vel o

f uni

t Qta

2 ov

erlie

s a

soil

deve

lope

d on

a fl

ood-

grav

elde

posit

. Th

is lo

wer

gra

vel i

nclu

des

rew

orke

d bi

otite

-rhyo

lite

teph

ra d

ated

by

40A

r/39

Ar a

t0.

55 ±

0.01

Ma

(W. M

cInt

osh,

per

sona

l com

mun

icat

ion,

Feb

ruar

y 19

97)

that

is p

roba

bly

corr

elat

ive

to th

e So

uth

Mou

ntai

n Rh

yolit

e. D

ethi

er a

nd M

cCoy

(199

3) e

stim

ate

an a

geof

310

±70

ka

for

fill t

erra

ces

at a

sim

ilar

elev

atio

n ab

ove

grad

e in

the

Espa

ñola

Bas

in,

whi

ch m

ay b

e ro

ughl

y co

rrela

tive

with

the

<550

ka

Qta

2 str

ath.

Det

hier

et a

l. (1

988)

repo

rta

varn

ish-c

atio

n-ra

tio a

ge e

stim

ate

of 3

50-2

40 k

a fo

r gra

vel f

rom

Qta

2 in

the

Coc

hiti

Dam

quad

rang

le.

Qtp

2 - T

erra

ce g

rave

l (m

iddl

e Pl

eist

ocen

e) —

Fill

-terr

ace

grav

el, 5

-10

m th

ick,

loca

ted

appr

oxim

atel

y 50

-70

m a

bove

gra

de n

orth

of B

orre

go C

anyo

n an

d in

a d

iscon

tinuo

usbe

lt th

roug

h th

e ce

ntra

l par

t of t

he S

anto

Dom

ing

Pueb

lo S

W q

uadr

angl

e. R

are

clas

ts of

wel

ded

Band

elie

r Tuf

f in

this

latte

r out

crop

bel

t are

der

ived

from

sou

rce

outc

rops

out

side

the

pres

ent w

ater

shed

s of e

xisti

ng d

rain

ages

and

, alo

ng w

ith d

istrib

utio

n of

terra

ce re

mna

nts,

sugg

est d

epos

ition

by

an a

nces

tral P

eral

ta C

anyo

n dr

aina

ge th

at e

xten

ded

sout

hwar

d to

a co

nflu

ence

with

Bor

rego

Can

yon

or th

e Ri

o G

rand

e. G

eom

orph

ic re

latio

nshi

ps in

this

quad

rang

le, a

nd in

the

Cañ

ada

quad

rang

le fa

rthe

r no

rth,

indi

cate

that

this

anc

estra

ldr

aina

ge w

as p

irate

d by

hea

dwar

d er

osio

n of

two

tribu

tarie

s to

the

Rio

Gra

nde,

one

of

whi

ch is

repr

esen

ted

by lo

wer

Cañ

on S

anto

Dom

ingo

. The

cor

rela

tive

terra

ces

in th

e Sa

nto

Dom

ingo

Pue

blo

quad

rang

le a

re <

550

ka a

nd a

re te

ntat

ivel

y co

rrela

ted

to E

spañ

ola

Basin

terr

aces

for

whi

ch D

ethi

er a

nd M

cCoy

(19

93)

estim

ate

an a

ge o

f 310

±70

ka.

Qtp

2 is

prob

ably

cor

rela

tive

with

the

Cañ

ada

terr

ace

of A

by (1

997)

.

Qta

3 - T

erra

ce g

rave

l (m

iddl

e Pl

eist

ocen

e) —

Fill

-ter

race

gra

vel w

ith a

n up

per s

urfa

ceap

prox

imat

ely

30-3

5 m

abo

ve g

rade

alo

ng th

e Ri

o G

rand

e, S

anta

Fe

Rive

r, an

d Pe

ralta

Can

yon.

Qta

3 is

at le

ast 3

0 m

thic

k al

ong

the

Rio

Gra

nde

betw

een

Coc

hiti

Dam

and

Peñ

aBl

anca

. Th

e Q

ta3

fill c

onsis

ts o

f thr

ee s

ubun

its, n

ot m

appe

d se

para

tely

. Fr

om b

otto

m to

top

thes

e ar

e: (1

) A lo

wer

cob

ble

grav

el w

ith in

terc

alat

ed sa

nd le

nses

and

min

or sl

ackw

ater

silt a

nd c

lay.

Thi

s un

it is

best

exp

osed

in b

orro

w p

its in

Peñ

a Bl

anca

and

is a

t lea

st 1

5 m

thic

k. (2

) A m

iddl

e sa

nd a

nd s

ilt w

ith g

rave

l len

ses,

app

roxi

mat

ely

12-1

5 m

thic

k, w

hich

incl

udes

gyp

sifer

ous

mud

. (3)

An

uppe

r gra

vel a

bout

1-2

m th

ick.

Hog

e (1

970)

pro

pose

dco

rrel

atio

n of

the

unit

here

map

ped

as Q

ta3

with

the

mid

dle

Plei

stoc

ene

Edith

Gra

vel o

fth

e A

lbuq

uerq

ue a

rea,

alth

ough

we

map

the

exte

nt o

f thi

s gr

avel

diff

eren

tly th

an d

id H

oge.

Det

hier

and

McC

oy (

1993

) es

timat

e an

age

of 1

70 ±

40 k

a fo

r fil

l ter

race

s at

a s

imila

rel

evat

ion

abov

e gr

ade

in th

e Es

paño

la B

asin

, whi

ch m

ay b

e ro

ughl

y co

rrel

ativ

e w

ith th

eQ

ta3

fill.

Qtp

3 - T

erra

ce g

rave

l (m

iddl

e Pl

eist

ocen

e) —

Fill

-ter

race

gra

vel 5

-10

m th

ick,

with

an

uppe

r sur

face

app

roxi

mat

ely

30-3

5 m

abo

ve g

rade

. The

mos

t pro

min

ent o

f the

se d

epos

itsar

e pr

esen

t in

the

low

er p

art o

f the

unn

amed

dra

inag

e no

rth o

f Bor

rego

Can

yon.

The

sede

posi

ts e

xten

d aw

ay fr

om th

e m

oder

n dr

aina

ge a

nd m

ark

the

cour

se o

f an

ance

stra

lPe

ralta

Can

yon,

whi

ch e

nter

ed t

he a

rea

from

the

nor

th (

see

desc

riptio

n fo

r Q

tp2).

Qta

4 - T

erra

ce g

rave

l (up

per

Plei

stoc

ene)

— F

ill-te

rrac

e gr

avel

with

an

uppe

r sur

face

appr

oxim

atel

y 18

-20

m a

bove

gra

de a

long

the

Rio

Gra

nde,

San

ta F

e Ri

ver,

Gal

isteo

Cre

ekan

d Pe

ralta

and

San

to D

omin

go C

anyo

ns.

Beca

use

Qta

4 is

typi

cally

inse

t aga

inst

sim

ilar

grav

el o

f Qta

3, th

e pr

ecise

por

traya

l of t

he th

ickn

ess o

f Qta

4 te

rrace

fill

is di

fficu

lt to

esta

blish

for m

any

outc

rops

. In

gul

lies

sout

h of

the

outle

t of C

ochi

ti D

am a

nd in

bor

row

pits

in P

eña

Blan

ca it

is a

ppar

ent t

hat t

his t

erra

ce d

epos

it is

at le

ast a

s muc

h as

8 m

thic

k. A

t the

ext

rem

eno

rth e

dge

of th

e qu

adra

ngle

this

terra

ce in

clud

es b

ould

ers

of b

asal

t and

haw

aiite

as

muc

has

4 m

acr

oss

that

pre

sum

ably

repr

esen

t flo

ods

rela

ted

to o

utbr

eaks

from

land

slide

dam

sin

Whi

te R

ock

Can

yon.

Q

ta4 u

nder

lies

Qe,

whi

ch c

onta

ins

~6

0 k

a El

Caj

ete

Pum

ice

(Ren

eau,

et a

l., 1

996)

. D

ethi

er a

nd M

cCoy

(199

3) e

stim

ate

an a

ge o

f 95

±15

ka fo

r fill

terr

aces

at a

sim

ilar e

leva

tion

abov

e gr

ade

in th

e Es

paño

la B

asin

, whi

ch m

ay b

e ro

ughl

yco

rrel

ativ

e w

ith th

e Q

ta4

fill.

Qtp

4 pr

obab

ly c

orre

late

s to

the

Rio

terr

ace

of A

by (1

997)

.To

pogr

aphi

c m

aps

pred

atin

g th

e co

nstru

ctio

n of

Coc

hiti

Dam

sug

gest

the

pres

ence

of a

sligh

tly lo

wer

, ~15

m, t

erra

ce th

at w

as d

estro

yed

durin

g da

m c

onst

ruct

ion.

Pho

togr

aphs

in U

SAC

E fo

unda

tion

repo

rts fo

r the

bui

ldin

g of

Coc

hiti

Dam

illu

strat

e a

seve

ral-m

eter

thic

kac

cum

ulat

ion

of p

umic

e on

the

upp

er s

urfa

ce o

f th

is te

rrac

e an

d ba

nked

aga

inst

the

back

slope

. Th

is de

posit

was

mos

t lik

ely

El C

ajet

e Pu

mic

e. It

is n

ot c

lear

to u

s if

this

terr

ace

is di

stinc

t fro

m Q

ta4

or n

ot.

If it

is re

ally

you

nger

, it m

ay c

orre

late

to th

e A

sh te

rrac

e of

Aby

(199

7).

Qtp

4 - T

erra

ce g

rave

l (up

per

Plei

stoc

ene)

— F

ill-te

rrac

e gr

avel

, 3-8

m th

ick,

with

an

uppe

r su

rfac

e ap

prox

imat

ely

18-2

0 m

abo

ve g

rade

. It i

s le

ss th

an 3

m th

ick

in lo

wer

Pera

lta C

anyo

n bu

t rea

ches

typi

cal t

hick

ness

nea

r the

mou

th o

f the

San

ta F

e Ri

ver.

It is

mos

tpr

omin

ent a

long

Bor

rego

Can

yon

and

the

sout

h sid

e of

Cañ

on S

anto

Dom

ingo

whe

re th

isgr

avel

und

erlie

s a

broa

d su

rface

mar

king

a fo

rmer

trib

utar

y-m

outh

fan

alon

g th

e w

este

rnsi

de o

f th

e Ri

o G

rand

e va

lley.

The

equ

ival

ent t

erra

ces

in th

e Sa

nto

Dom

ingo

Pue

blo

quad

rang

le a

re >

60 k

a an

d ar

e te

ntat

ivel

y co

rrela

ted

to E

spañ

ola

Basin

terra

ces

for w

hich

Det

hier

and

McC

oy (1

993)

esti

mat

e an

age

of 9

5 ±1

5 ka

.

Qtp

5 -

Terr

ace

grav

el

(upp

er P

leis

toce

ne) —

Fill

-ter

race

gra

vel,

2-8

m th

ick,

with

an u

pper

sur

face

app

roxi

mat

ely

10 m

abo

ve g

rade

. F

ound

disc

ontin

uous

ly i

n C

añon

Sant

o D

omin

go.

Allu

vial

fan

gra

vel (

mid

dle

? Pl

eist

ocen

e to

Hol

ocen

e) —

Poo

rly s

orte

d, a

ngul

ar g

rave

lof

bas

alt c

lasts

, 5 c

m to

2 m

acr

oss,

com

prisi

ng a

lluvi

al fa

ns a

nd th

in (<

1 m

thic

k) d

owns

lope

allu

vial

apr

ons

adja

cent

to th

e La

Baj

ada

Mes

a es

carp

men

t. P

roba

bly

inte

rbed

ded

with

uni

tQ

alm

. L

ocal

, 0

.5-1

.5 m

thi

ck,

vene

ers

of e

olia

n sa

nd n

ot m

appe

d se

para

tely

.

Pied

mon

t san

d, u

ndiff

eren

tiate

d (m

iddl

e Pl

eist

ocen

e) —

Poo

rly s

orte

d sa

nd a

nd m

inor

,le

ntic

ular

gra

vel o

verly

ing

Qta

3 a

djac

ent t

o th

e Sa

nta

Fe R

iver

, and

ave

ragi

ng 2

.5 m

thic

k.G

ener

ally

exh

ibits

a c

appi

ng s

oil w

ith a

1+

m th

ick

Bt h

oriz

on a

nd a

sta

ge II

to II

I cal

cic

horiz

on.

In th

e ce

nter

of S

ec21

T.1

6N

. R.6

E., t

his

depo

sit is

cle

arly

disc

onfo

rmab

le o

n Q

ta3,

alth

ough

it m

ay n

ot b

e su

bsta

ntia

lly y

oung

er th

an th

e un

derly

ing

terr

ace

grav

el. T

extu

re a

ndra

rely

pre

serv

ed s

edim

enta

ry s

truct

ures

sug

gest

that

Qpu

is a

com

bina

tion

of s

heet

was

h,gu

llyw

ash,

and

eol

ian

sedi

men

t der

ived

, at l

east

in p

art,

from

ero

sion

of th

e hi

gher

upl

and

surf

ace

and

the

back

slop

e ab

ove

the

Qta

3 te

rrac

e.

Dep

ositi

on o

f thi

s m

ater

ial p

roba

bly

follo

wed

aba

ndon

men

t of t

he Q

ta3

surfa

ce b

y th

e Ri

o G

rand

e.

Allu

vium

of t

he L

a M

ajad

a M

esa

surf

ace

(low

er?

to m

iddl

e Pl

eist

ocen

e) —

Poo

rly so

rted

sand

and

silt

with

min

or, l

entic

ular

gra

vel;

text

ural

ly s

imila

r to

Qpu

. D

epos

its o

f allu

vium

and

eolia

n se

dim

ent a

ssoc

iate

d w

ith a

n ex

tens

ive

geom

orph

ic s

urfa

ce e

xten

ding

from

Gal

isteo

Cre

ek to

nea

r the

bas

e of

La

Baja

da M

esa

and

cons

truct

ed b

y G

alist

eo C

reek

, San

ta F

e Ri

ver

and,

per

haps

to a

min

or e

xten

t, th

e Ri

o G

rand

e.

Sedi

men

t und

erly

ing

this

surf

ace

rest

s on

Sier

ra L

adro

nes

Form

atio

n (S

anta

Fe

Gro

up) a

nd h

as b

een

exte

nsiv

ely

strip

ped.

Whe

re Q

alm

rest

s di

rect

ly o

n Q

Tslp

, the

re is

insu

ffici

ent t

extu

ral o

r co

mpo

sitio

nal d

iffer

ence

to d

istin

guish

the

two

units

. Ex

cava

tions

eas

t of C

ochi

ti D

am re

veal

that

at l

east

10-1

2 m

of Q

alm

orig

inal

lyre

sted

abov

e Q

Tslg

, alth

ough

muc

h of

this

mat

eria

l was

rem

oved

to p

rovi

de fi

ll fo

r Coc

hiti

Dam

. In

the

wal

ls of

thes

e ex

cava

tions

, Qal

m c

onta

ins

num

erou

s bu

ried

soils

sug

gesti

ng a

com

plex

histo

ry o

f alte

rnat

ing

land

scap

e sta

bilit

y an

d ac

cret

ion.

A c

appi

ng s

tage

III t

o IV

cal

cic

horiz

onis

pres

ent i

n m

any

plac

es b

elow

a la

rgel

y st

rippe

d Bt

. Lo

cal a

ccum

ulat

ions

of s

and

on th

eup

perm

ost s

urfa

ce a

re a

ssoc

iate

d w

ith a

ctiv

e eo

lian

proc

esse

s but

wer

e no

t map

ped

sepa

rate

ly.

Uni

t Qal

m is

pos

sibly

cor

rela

tive

with

the

Ridg

e te

rrac

e of

Aby

(199

7) a

nd w

ith a

xial

-gra

vel

terr

ace

Qta

1.

Land

slid

e de

posi

ts a

nd c

ollu

vium

(Ple

isto

cene

?) —

Rot

ated

slid

e bl

ocks

of h

awai

ite la

vaan

d co

arse

col

luvi

um a

ccum

ulat

ed o

n slo

pes

belo

w u

nit T

h in

the

north

east

corn

er o

f the

San

toD

omin

go P

uebl

o qu

adra

ngle

.

Col

luvi

um (

uppe

r Pl

eist

ocen

e an

d H

oloc

ene)

— R

ock

-fal

l tal

us c

ones

and

scr

ee s

lope

sco

mpo

sed

of b

asal

t blo

cks

man

tling

ste

ep h

illslo

pes

belo

w b

asal

tic la

va fl

ows

in th

e so

uthe

rnpa

rt of

the

Sant

o D

omin

go P

uebl

o SW

qua

dran

gle.

Also

del

inea

tes

grav

elly

col

luvi

al s

lope

sal

ong

the

north

sid

e of

low

er B

orre

go C

anyo

n.

QU

ATE

RNA

RY –

TER

TIA

RY A

LLU

VIA

L D

EPO

SITS

Sant

a Fe

Gro

upSi

erra

Lad

rone

s Fo

rmat

ion

- upp

er M

ioce

ne to

low

er P

leis

toce

ne

Sand

, mud

and

gra

vel d

epos

ited

by e

aste

rn-p

iedm

ont s

trea

ms

— B

uff t

o re

d co

lore

dsa

nd a

nd m

ud.

Pebb

ly li

thic

-ark

osic

san

d de

rived

from

sou

rces

eas

t and

nor

thea

st o

f the

basi

n.

Fine

r-gr

aine

d fa

cies

may

incl

ude

both

eas

tern

pie

dmon

t and

axi

al-fl

oodp

lain

depo

sits.

Mos

t peb

bly

laye

rs fr

om n

orth

sid

e of

Gal

isteo

Cre

ek to

nor

th s

ide

of S

anta

Fe

Rive

r val

ley

are

dom

inat

ed b

y cl

asts

of g

rani

te, b

asal

t, an

d w

hite

vei

n qu

artz

sug

gest

ing

depo

siton

by

an A

nces

tral S

anta

Fe

Rive

r. G

rave

l lay

ers a

nd le

nses

sout

h of

Gal

isteo

Cre

ek,

and

loca

lly o

n th

e no

rth si

de o

f tha

t val

ley,

con

tain

abu

ndan

t cla

sts o

f hor

nble

nde-

pyro

xene

latit

e po

rphy

ry, d

eriv

ed fr

om in

trusiv

e an

d vo

lcan

ic ro

cks

near

Cer

rillo

s, a

nd u

biqu

itous

,th

ough

min

or, r

ound

ed c

obbl

es o

f pet

rifie

d w

ood

likel

y er

oded

from

the

Eoce

ne G

alist

eoFo

rmat

ion.

The

se la

tter g

rave

ls ha

ve a

pro

vena

nce

simila

r to

that

of m

oder

n G

alist

eo C

reek

.Pr

esen

ce o

f bas

alt c

lasts

and

inte

rcal

atio

n w

ith B

ande

lier T

uff i

n th

e G

alist

eo C

reek

dra

inag

ein

dica

te a

Plio

cene

-ear

ly P

leist

ocen

e ag

e fo

r exp

osed

par

ts of

this

unit.

Pum

iceo

us a

lluvi

umin

this

val

ley,

1.5

mile

eas

t of D

omin

go, c

onta

ins

abun

dant

foss

il re

mai

ns o

f Equ

us a

ndG

omph

othe

rium

. In

clud

es a

xial

-gra

vel d

epos

its (Q

Tslg

) whe

re to

o th

in to

map

sep

arat

ely.

Gra

vel d

epos

ited

by a

xial

riv

er (a

nces

tral

Rio

Gra

nde)

— M

appe

d as

QTs

l in

the

Sant

oD

omin

go P

uebl

o SW

qua

dran

gle,

but

diff

eren

tiate

d fro

m Q

Tslp

as Q

Tslg

whe

re u

nit t

hick

ness

and

map

sca

le p

erm

ited

in th

e Sa

nto

Dom

ingo

Pue

blo

quad

rang

le.

Con

tain

s ab

out 3

5-

40%

qua

rtzite

, 20%

gra

nitic

and

met

amor

phic

rock

s an

d th

e re

mai

nder

mos

tly v

olca

nic

rock

s. C

lasts

of O

ligoc

ene

Pede

rnal

Che

rt co

mpr

ise 1

to 5

% o

f mos

t out

crop

s. In

terb

edde

dw

ith C

ochi

ti Fo

rmat

ion

(QTc

) an

d th

e Pe

ralta

Tuf

f Mem

ber o

f the

Bea

rhea

d Rh

yolit

e (T

bp).

In th

e Sa

nto

Dom

ingo

Pue

blo

SW q

uadr

angl

e, a

xial

gra

vel i

s in

terb

edde

d w

ith b

eds

ofPe

ralta

Tuf

f Mem

ber o

f the

Bea

rhea

d Rh

yolit

e th

at h

ave

yiel

ded

40A

r/39

Ar a

ges

of 6

.81

±0.

02, 6

.81

±0.

01, a

nd 6

.88

±0.

01 M

a (W

. McI

ntos

h, p

erso

nal c

omm

unic

atio

n, F

eb.

1997

). T

hese

upp

er M

ioce

ne o

utcr

ops

are

cont

iguo

us w

ith th

ose

expo

sed

in th

e fo

otw

all

of th

e Si

le fa

ult,

sout

h of

Sile

, whe

re a

n ag

e of

6.8

2 ±

0.0

4 M

a w

as d

eter

min

ed (

W.

McI

ntos

h, p

erso

nal c

omm

unic

atio

n, O

ct. 1

997)

for p

umic

e w

ithin

QTs

lg.

To th

e no

rthw

est,

in th

e C

añad

a qu

adra

ngle

, rhy

oliti

c hy

drom

agm

atic

dep

osits

dat

ed a

t 6.9

0 ±

0.06

Ma

(McI

ntos

h an

d Q

uade

, 19

95

), an

d cl

early

from

a lo

wer

stra

tigra

phic

pos

ition

than

the

sam

ples

pro

vidi

ng th

e th

ree

ages

abo

ve, c

onta

in a

cces

sory

cla

sts d

eriv

ed fr

om a

xial

gra

vel

depo

sits.

Tep

hra,

app

aren

tly re

wor

ked

from

the

low

er B

ande

lier T

uff,

and

date

d at

1.6

2±

0.01

Ma

(W. M

cInt

osh,

per

sona

l com

mun

icat

ion,

Feb

. 199

7) is

pre

sent

in th

e Sa

nta

FeRi

ver

valle

y im

med

iate

ly u

pstre

am o

f Coc

hiti

Dam

. Th

ese

date

s co

nstra

in th

e ag

e of

the

Sier

ra L

adro

nes F

orm

atio

n ou

tcro

ps in

the

map

are

a fro

m la

te M

ioce

ne to

ear

ly P

leist

ocen

e. C

uttin

gs fr

om a

Bur

eau

of In

dian

Affa

irs w

ater

wel

l dril

led

near

the

easte

rn m

argi

n of

the

qua

dra

ngle

enc

ount

ered

axi

al

gra

vel

in t

he s

ubsu

rfa

ce (

cros

s-se

ctio

n A

-A')

.

Sand

dep

osite

d b

y a

xia

l riv

er (

anc

estr

al R

io G

rand

e) —

Sa

nd a

nd g

rave

lly s

and

cons

picu

ous

alon

g ea

st sid

e of

Rio

Gra

nde,

mos

tly s

outh

of P

eña

Blan

ca.

Loca

lly p

artia

llyce

men

ted

by y

ello

w-b

row

n iro

n hy

drox

ides

. Tro

ugh

and

tabu

lar c

ross

bedd

ing

reve

al fl

owto

war

d th

e so

uth

and

sout

hwes

t. D

istin

ct fr

om Q

Tslg

by

dom

inan

ce o

f san

d, ra

ther

than

grav

el, s

ize

grai

ns.

App

roxi

mat

ely

200

m th

ick

with

bas

e no

t exp

osed

.

.

Lacu

stri

ne c

lay,

silt

, and

san

d —

Tw

o lit

hofa

cies

ass

embl

ages

are

reco

gniz

ed. L

amin

ated

and

thin

bed

ded

sand

, silt

, and

cla

y as

soci

ated

with

vol

cani

c de

posit

s of u

nit T

b ar

e lo

cate

dbe

twee

n C

ochi

ti La

ke a

nd C

añad

a de

Coc

hiti.

The

se a

re d

epos

its o

f lak

es th

at fo

rmed

inhy

drom

agm

atic

cra

ters

(out

crop

s in

Cañ

ada

de C

ochi

ti) a

nd u

pslo

pe o

f hyd

rom

agm

atic

tuff

rings

and

lava

flow

s th

at te

mpo

raril

y bl

ocke

d th

e an

cest

ral R

io G

rand

e (S

mith

, et a

l.,19

97; o

utcr

ops

east

of C

ochi

ti D

am).

Com

bine

d su

rfac

e an

d su

bsur

face

dat

a (U

SAC

E)in

dica

te th

ickn

ess

as g

reat

as

25

m.

The

seco

nd li

thof

acie

s as

sem

blag

e is

map

ped

asnu

mer

ous

dist

inct

bed

s in

terb

edde

d w

ith u

nit Q

Tsls

sout

h of

Peñ

a Bl

anca

and

con

sists

of

mas

sive

to la

min

ated

cal

care

ous

gree

n m

udsto

ne, m

arl,

tuffa

ceou

s m

arl,

rew

orke

d tu

ff an

ddi

atom

ite.

Lacu

stri

ne li

mes

tone

, mud

ston

e an

d m

inor

san

dsto

ne —

Con

sists

of 1

to 3

bed

s of

vugg

y lim

esto

ne, t

rave

rtine

, and

mar

l int

erbe

dded

with

gre

en c

alca

reou

s m

udst

one

and

loca

l bed

s of

axi

al-c

ompo

sitio

n sa

nd. T

otal

thic

knes

s is

4 to

12

m; t

hick

est o

utcr

ops

form

prom

inen

t eas

t-di

ppin

g cu

esta

alo

ng n

orth

sid

e of

Gal

isteo

Cre

ek n

orth

of D

omin

go a

ndin

unn

amed

val

ley

sout

heas

t of P

eña

Blan

ca.

In th

e la

tter

area

, lim

esto

ne fi

lls c

hann

els

inci

sed

thro

ugh

basa

lt (T

b).

Gas

tropo

d an

d os

traco

de fo

ssils

loca

lly a

bund

ant.

Abu

ndan

ceof

pre

cipi

tate

d ca

lcite

sug

gests

bod

ies

of w

ater

that

wer

e at

leas

t par

tially

spr

ing

fed.

The

larg

e ex

tent

of t

his

depo

sit, h

owev

er, s

ugge

sts

an a

real

ly e

xten

sive

shal

low

lake

. Th

ese

depo

sits

mig

ht s

pecu

lativ

ely

rela

te to

disr

uptio

n of

sur

face

flow

and

con

sequ

ent w

ater

-tabl

eris

e ca

used

by

impo

undm

ent o

f the

Rio

Gra

nde

valle

y be

hind

lava

dam

s of

the

San

Felip

evo

lcan

ic fi

eld

loca

ted

imm

edia

tely

sou

thw

est o

f the

qua

dran

gle.

Coc

hiti

Form

atio

n (u

pper

Mio

cene

to lo

wer

Ple

isto

cene

) — V

olca

nicl

astic

sand

and

gra

vel

in p

oorly

sor

ted,

tabu

lar b

eds.

Gra

datio

nally

ove

rlies

the

uppe

r Mio

cene

Per

alta

Tuf

f Mem

ber

of th

e Be

arhe

ad R

hyol

ite (S

mith

and

Lav

ine,

199

6).

Con

tact

is lo

cate

d ab

out 1

0 m

abo

ve a

6.79

±0.

05 M

a py

rocl

astic

dep

osit

(McI

ntos

h an

d Q

uade

, 199

5).

A 6

.16

±0.

07 M

a (W

.M

cInt

osh,

per

sona

l com

mun

icat

ion,

Oct

ober

199

7) r

hyol

itic

teph

ra is

pre

sent

nea

r th

e ba

seof

the

form

atio

n at

Ten

t Roc

ks in

the

Cañ

ada

quad

rang

le. I

n th

e C

ochi

ti D

am q

uadr

angl

e, th

eup

per C

ochi

ti Fo

rmat

ion

cont

ains

prim

ary

and

rew

orke

d te

phra

-fall

beds

dat

ed a

t 1.8

7 ±0

.01

and

1.84

±0.

02 M

a by

40A

r/39

Ar (

W. M

cInt

osh,

per

sona

l com

mun

icat

ion,

Feb

ruar

y 19

97)

and

corr

elat

ed, b

y vi

sual

com

paris

on, t

o th

e Sa

n D

iego

Can

yon

A a

nd B

igni

mbr

ites.

In

the

Cañ

ada

quad

rang

le, l

ower

Ple

istoc

ene

Band

elie

r Tuf

f is

pres

ent w

ithin

the

uppe

rmos

t Coc

hiti

Form

atio

n. T

he C

ochi

ti Fo

rmat

ion

is in

terb

edde

d w

ith u

nit Q

Tslg

. Out

crop

s in

the

north

ern

and

wes

tern

par

t of S

anto

Dom

ingo

Pue

blo

SW q

uadr

angl

e ar

e pr

imar

ily g

rave

l and

peb

bly

sand

.Th

e fo

rmat

ion

beco

mes

fine

r gra

ined

tow

ard

the

cent

ral a

nd so

uth-

cent

ral p

art o

f the

qua

dran

gle,

whe

re it

is p

rinci

pally

san

d an

d sil

t with

unc

omm

on ta

bula

r gr

avel

bed

s, g

ener

ally

less

than

1.5

m th

ick.

Cla

sts c

onsis

t of K

eres

Gro

up v

olca

nic

rock

s. In

the

north

ern

part

of th

e qu

adra

ngle

ther

e is

a di

stin

ct u

pwar

d in

crea

se in

the

abun

danc

e of

dev

itrifi

ed a

nd a

ltere

d rh

yolit

e at

the

expe

nse

of v

itric

rhyo

lite;

rhyo

lite

fragm

ents

are

prim

arily

der

ived

from

the

Bear

head

Rhy

olite

.W

este

rn o

utcr

ops

incl

ude

pebb

les

of o

bsid

ian

and

alte

red

pum

ice

belie

ved

to b

e de

rived

from

the

Can

ovas

Can

yon

and

Bear

head

Rhy

olite

s. A

t the

hig

hest

stra

tigra

phic

leve

ls n

ear

the

wes

tern

mar

gin

of th

e qu

adra

ngle

, non

volc

anic

qua

rtz a

nd fe

ldsp

ar c

ompr

ise ~

10%

of t

hesa

nd. W

este

rn o

utcr

ops o

f Coc

hiti

Form

atio

n ar

e de

rived

from

mid

dle

Mio

cene

San

ta F

e G

roup

outc

rops

with

in a

nd w

est o

f the

Cañ

ada

de C

ochi

ti fa

ult z

one.

The

se o

lder

sed

imen

tary

stra

tare

cord

the

inte

rcal

atio

n of

ear

ly K

eres

Gro

up v

olca

nicl

astic

apr

ons

from

the

north

with

allu

vium

deriv

ed fr

om th

e ea

st s

lope

of t

he N

acim

ient

o M

ount

ains

farth

er w

est.

The

wes

tern

out

crop

sof

the

Coc

hiti

Form

atio

n re

cord

the

recy

clin

g of

this

ear

lier

sedi

men

tary

seq

uenc

e in

to th

esu

bsid

ing

Sant

o D

omin

go b

asin

.

Gra

vel o

f Loo

kout

Par

k (u

pper

Plio

cene

) —

Cob

ble

to b

ould

er g

rave

l, co

mpo

sed

mos

tlyof

Ker

es G

roup

and

esite

and

rhy

olite

cla

sts,

5-1

5 m

thic

k, d

iscon

form

ably

ove

rlyin

g C

ochi

tiFo

rmat

ion.

Ove

r mos

t of t

he q

uadr

angl

e, th

is gr

avel

dep

osit

rests

on

a br

oad

pedi

men

t sur

face

but,

in o

utcr

ops

in lo

wer

Bor

rego

Can

yon

and

sout

h of

low

er S

anto

Dom

ingo

Can

yon

is sli

ghtly

inse

t int

o ol

der d

epos

its. I

s in

set b

elow

bas

alt o

f San

ta A

na M

esa

(Tb 2)

dat

ed a

t 2.4

1 ±0

.03

and

unde

rlies

low

er B

ande

lier

Tuff

(1.6

1 M

a) in

dica

ting

depo

sitio

n du

ring

a sh

ort p

erio

d of

the

late

Plio

cene

. Rem

ants

of a

sta

ge IV

cal

cic

soil

horiz

on a

re p

rese

nt a

t the

sur

face

in s

ome

plac

es. T

his

olde

r soi

l was

stri

pped

and

then

the

grav

el w

as la

rgel

y bu

ried

in e

olia

n sa

nd a

ndsil

t in

whi

ch a

new

soi

l has

form

ed w

ith a

sta

ge II

-sta

ge II

I cal

cic

horiz

on e

vide

nt in

var

ious

plac

es.

Vol

cani

c Ro

cks

Band

elie

r Tu

ff, O

tow

i Mem

ber

and

Gua

je P

umic

e (L

ower

Ple

isto

cene

) —

Silv

er g

ray

pum

ice-

lapi

lli fa

ll de

posit

(1.2

-1.8

m th

ick)

ove

rlain

by

as m

uch

as 1

5 m

of e

rosio

nally

trun

cate

d,w

hite

to p

ink

nonw

elde

d ig

nim

brite

con

tain

ing

pum

ice

bom

bs to

50

cm.

In th

e Sa

nto

Dom

ingo

Pueb

lo S

W q

uadr

angl

e, B

ande

lier T

uff r

ests

unco

nfor

mab

ly o

n gr

avel

of L

ooko

ut P

ark

(Tgl

p),

occu

pyin

g sh

allo

w c

hann

els i

ncise

d in

to th

e gr

avel

or r

estin

g on

a p

aleo

sol d

evel

oped

in e

olia

nsa

nd re

sting

on

the

grav

el.

Oliv

ine

basa

lt (P

lioce

ne),

San

to D

omin

go P

uebl

o Q

uadr

ang

le —

Oliv

ine

basa

lt w

ithin

Sier

ra L

adro

nes

Form

atio

n in

Peñ

a Bl

anca

– C

ochi

ti D

am a

rea.

Tw

o la

va fl

ows

are

pres

ent

alon

g th

e Sa

nta

Fe R

iver

dow

nstre

am fr

om C

ochi

ti D

am b

ut o

nly

the

low

er o

f the

se fl

ows

ispr

esen

t else

whe

re.

Thes

e la

vas

over

lie a

nd a

re s

epar

ated

by

hydr

omag

mat

ic tu

ff (u

nit T

bt) t

hat

is to

o th

in to

map

sep

arat

ely.

Pro

babl

e so

urce

of l

ava

flow

s w

as a

low

spa

tter c

one

or s

hiel

dco

ne th

at w

as lo

cate

d ne

ar th

e Sa

nta

Fe R

iver

but

was

des

troye

d an

d bu

ried

durin

g th

eco

nstru

ctio

n of

Coc

hiti

Dam

(Sm

ith, e

t al.,

199

7). S

ampl

e co

llect

ed a

bove

the

Sant

a Fe

Riv

erpr

ovid

ed a

40A

r/39

Ar d

ate

of 2

.71

±0.0

4 M

a (W

. McI

ntos

h, p

erso

nal c

omm

unic

atio

n, O

ctob

er19

96).

Tex

tura

lly s

imila

r ba

salt

was

reco

vere

d as

cut

tings

from

the

BIA

San

ta C

ruz

Sprin

gsw

ell (

cros

s-sec

tion

A-A

') bu

t the

se la

tter f

low

s w

ere

likel

y er

upte

d no

rthea

st of

the

quad

rang

lean

d ov

erlie

lava

flo

ws

date

d at

2.5

7 ±

0.0

3 to

2.6

7 ±

0.0

6 M

a (W

. McI

ntos

h, p

erso

nal

com

mun

icat

ion,

Oct

ober

199

7).

Oliv

ine

basa

lt (P

lioce

ne),

Sant

o D

omin

go P

uebl

o SW

Qua

dran

gle

— T

b /

Tbv

- O

livin

eba

salt

(Plio

cene

) —

Bas

altic

lava

flow

s (T

b) o

f th

e Sa

n Fe

lipe

volc

anic

fiel

d, f

orm

ing

the

top

of S

anta

Ana

Mes

a in

the

sout

hwes

t cor

ner

of t

he q

uadr

angl

e. V

ent -

pro

xim

al s

patte

ran

d sc

oria

(Tb

v) a

re p

rom

inen

t nea

r ve

nts,

whi

ch a

re m

arke

d by

ast

eris

ks.

Rela

tive

age

rela

tions

hips

of t

he th

ree

lava

flow

seq

uenc

es th

at w

ere

map

ped

are

ambi

guou

s on

the

basis

of re

conn

aiss

ance

fiel

d ob

serv

atio

ns.

Tb3

– P

oorly

exp

osed

bas

alt,

prob

ably

onl

y 1

flow

, with

spa

rse

oliv

ine

and

plag

iocl

ase

phen

ocry

sts to

3 m

m, e

rupt

ed fr

om v

ents

sout

h of

the

quad

rang

le.

Tb2

/ Tb

v 2–

A s

ingl

e, in

flate

d ba

salt

flow

, gen

eral

ly 4

-6 m

thic

k bu

t thi

cken

ing

tow

ard

sour

ce, e

rupt

ed fr

om th

e no

rther

nmos

t vol

cano

on

Sant

a A

na M

esa,

whi

ch is

mar

ked

bya

pyro

clas

tic c

one

of s

patte

r and

cin

der (

Tbv 2

). O

verli

es h

ydro

mag

mat

ic tu

ff (T

bt).

Lav

aflo

w o

verli

es a

nd is

inse

t aga

inst

old

er la

va o

f Tb 1

whe

re it

was

ero

ded

by th

e an

cest

ral

Rio

Gra

nde.

C

onsi

sts

of ~

20

-25

% id

ding

sitiz

ed o

livin

e ph

enoc

ryst

s (to

3.0

mm

) an

dgl

omer

phen

ocry

sts (t

o 5.

0 m

m) i

n a

coar

se g

rain

ed in

terg

ranu

lar g

roun

dmas

s of p

lagi

ocla

se,

clin

opyr

oxen

e an

d ox

ide

min

eral

s.

40A

r/3

9A

r pl

atea

u ag

e of

2.4

1 ±

0.0

3

Ma

(W.

McI

ntos

h, w

ritte

n co

mm

unic

atio

n, A

pril

1998

).

Tb1

/ Tb

v 1–

Sequ

ence

of 1

-4(?

) lav

a flo

ws,

mor

e th

an 1

5 m

thic

k, e

rupt

ed fr

om a

line

arch

ain

of lo

w s

hiel

d vo

lcan

oes

and

erod

ed c

inde

r con

es (T

bv1)

. Ero

ded

east

ern

mar

gin

isas

soci

ated

with

sca

ttere

d qu

artz

ite p

ebbl

es in

dica

ting

a fo

rmer

cou

rse

of th

e Ri

o G

rand

efo

llow

ing

the

erup

tion

of th

e la

va fl

ows.

Con

sists

of 1

0% o

livin

e ph

enoc

ryst

s (1

-3 m

m)

and

20

% p

lagi

ocla

se p

heno

crys

ts (

0.6

-1 m

m),

inc

ludi

ng o

livin

e+pl

agio

clas

egl

omer

phen

ocry

sts

to 5

.0 m

m a

cros

s, in

a f

ine

grai

ned

inte

rgra

nula

r gr

ound

mas

s of

plag

iocl

ase,

clin

opyr

oxen

e, a

nd o

xide

min

eral

s.

Dis

tingu

ishe

d fro

m T

bv2 b

y gr

eate

rab

unda

nce

of p

lagi

ocla

se a

nd lo

wer

abu

ndan

ce o

f ol

ivin

e, w

hich

are

als

o re

flect

edge

oche

mic

ally

by

high

er C

aO a

nd lo

wer

MgO

. 40

Ar/

39A

r pla

teau

age

of 2

.62

±0.

15M

a (W

. McI

ntos

h, w

ritte

n co

mm

unic

atio

n, Ju

ly 1

998)

.

Ba

salti

c tu

ff (

Plio

cene

)— B

edde

d, h

ydro

mag

mat

ic tu

ffs fo

rmin

g tu

ff rin

gs c

ente

red

belo

wC

ochi

ti D

am b

etw

een

the

Rio

Gra

nde

and

Cañ

ada

de C

ochi

ti (S

mith

, et a

l., 1

997)

. D

epos

itsdo

min

ated

by

ash

size

sider

omel

ane

teph

ra a

nd c

omm

inut

ed b

asin

-fill

sedi

men

t. C

last

s of

roun

ded

quar

tzite

, gra

nitic

rock

s, an

d vo

lcan

ic ro

cks d

eriv

ed fr

om u

nder

lyin

g Q

Tslg

are

com

mon

. A

ccre

tiona

ry la

pilli

are

spar

sely

pre

sent

. Sa

ndw

ave

cros

sbed

ding

is p

rom

inen

t in

mos

t out

crop

s,bu

t is

mos

t wel

l dev

elop

ed in

the

outc

rops

alo

ng C

añad

a de

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hiti.

Thi

n, p

lana

r-bed

ded

tuff

expo

sed

east

of N

.M. H

ighw

ay 2

2, 1

.5 m

i. no

rthea

st of

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to D

omin

go P

uebl

o is

thou

ght t

oco

rrel

ate

to tu

ff ex

pose

d in

Peñ

a Bl

anca

– C

ochi

ti D

am a

rea.

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aiite

(Plio

cene

) — S

pars

ely

porp

hyrit

ic h

awai

ite la

va fl

ow m

appe

d al

ong

mar

gin

of th

eLa

Baj

ada

esca

rpm

ent b

y A

ubel

e (1

978)

. Te

xtur

ally

sim

ilar l

ava

flow

s w

ere

enco

unte

red

inth

e BI

A S

anta

Cru

z Sp

rings

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l at d

epth

s be

low

63

0' (

192

m).

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tings

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ws

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.57

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.03

to 2

.67

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(W. M

cInt

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l com

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ober

199

7).

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alta

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f M

emb

er (

upp

er M

ioce

ne)

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pars

ely

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biot

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rhyo

litic

tuff,

lapi

lli tu

ff an

d gr

avel

not

ably

ric

h in

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ssy

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rbed

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QTs

l in

NE

corn

er o

f qua

dran

gle

and

is pr

esen

t ben

eath

QTc

in th

e fo

otw

all

of th

e C

amad

a fa

ult a

t the

nor

ther

n ed

ge o

f the

qua

dran

gle;

app

roxi

mat

ely

50 m

of s

ectio

nex

pose

d.

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ed tu

ff la

yers

with

in th

e qu

adra

ngle

ran

ge fr

om 6

.81

±0

.02

to 6

.88

±0

.01.

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n th

ickn

ess

exce

eds

500

m in

the

Can

ada

quad

rang

le, w

here

dat

es ra

nge

betw

een

~7.

0an

d 6.

75 M

a.

35°3

7'30

"10

6°30

'

35°3

0'10

6°30

'

35°3

7'30

"10

6°15

'

35°3

0'10

6°15

'

Sant

oD

omin

goPu

eblo

Gal

iste

o C

reek

Phys

iog

raph

y of

the

San

to D

omin

go

Pueb

lo -

Sant

o D

omin

go

Pueb

lo S

W a

rea

base

d up

on10

-m U

SGS

DEM

dat

a.

106°

22'3

0"

106°

22'3

0"

Peña

Bla

nca

COCHITI DAM

Coc

hit

iLa

ke

RIOGRANDE

Coc

hiti

Pueb

lo

LA

MA

JAD

AM

ESA

S ANTAAN

AM

ES

A

Santa

Fé

River

Caj

a de

lR

io

Pera

ltaCa

nyon

Caño

n Segu

ro

Cañon

Sant

oDom

ingo

Borrego Canyon

COCHITI DAM

Coc

hit

iLa

ke22

22

16

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