geological storage of carbon dioxide
DESCRIPTION
International Workshop on Power Generation with Carbon Capture and storage in India 22 - 23 January 2008, Hotel Ashok, New Delhi. SALINE AQUIFERS FOR. GEOLOGICAL STORAGE OF CARBON DIOXIDE. A.K. Bhandari Advisor TPPC, Ministry of Mines. FUTURE ENERGY REQUIREMENTS. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
GEOLOGICAL STORAGE OF CARBON DIOXIDE
A.K. BhandariAdvisor TPPC, Ministry of Mines
International Workshop on Power Generation with Carbon Capture and storage in India
22 - 23 January 2008, Hotel Ashok, New Delhi
SALINE AQUIFERS FOR
• India has set a goal of sustained economic growth of 8-9%.
• To achieve this, our energy needs will grow rapidly in future. Meeting the demands for electricity will require an installed capacity of 2,00,000 MW by the year 2012
• Coal would inevitably be the mainstay for energy generation in India.
FUTURE ENERGY REQUIREMENTS
After Mitra A.P. et al (2002)
Carbon dioxide Emissions and Future Projections
TECHNOLOGY DRIVEN OPTIONS
• Energy conservation and efficiency
• Substitute lower carbon or carbon free energy sources (renewable, nuclear, hydropower and low carbon fuels)
• Geological storage of carbon dioxide
GEOLOGICAL STORAGE OPTIONS
.Depleted oil and gas reservoirs
.Deep unmineable Coal seams
.Oceans
.Deep unused saline water-saturated formation
Geological Storage Option
Global Capacity
Reservoir type Lower estimate of storage capacity (Gt CO2)
Upper estimate of storage capacity (Gt CO2)
Depleted oil and gas fields
675 900
Unminable coal seams
3-15 200
Deep saline reservoirs
1000 Uncertain, but possibly 104
STORAGE CAPACITY FOR GEOLOGICAL STORAGE OPTIONS
WHY SALINE AQUIFERS ?• The fact that carbon dioxide has been naturally stored for geological time scales enhances the creditability of the storage options.
• Saline formations occur in the proximity of the sources, therefore reducing the cost of infrastructure.
• Can help in achieving near zero emissions for the existing power plants and industrial units.
• Scenarios for negative impacts and unintended damages are limited.
SEDIMENTARY BASIN MAP OF INDIA
Basin Basinal Area (Sq.Km.)
Himalayan foreland
30,000
Ganga Basin 186,000
Vindhyan Basin 162,000
Narmada Basin 17,000
Deccan Syneclise 273,000
Rajasthan 126,000
After CGWB
STATE AREA SQ.KM
Punjab 3509
Haryana 9166
Uttar Pradesh 29909
Rajasthan 106618
RAJASTHAN BASIN
After CGWB
SALINE AREAS OF UTTAR PRADESH
THICKNESS OF VINDHYAN BASIN ON GRAVITY AND MAGNETIC PROFILE
STUDY AREA - DST PROJECT
Sanjay Nagar Dheerpur Area
Pirthala Tumsara Area
Chatta Chattikara Area
Proterozoic Fold Belt
Alluvial fill (Ganga Basin)
2 D SUBSURFACE LITHOLOGICAL CROSS SECTIONS
3 D MODEL OF CHATTA - CHATTIKARA AREA
Overburden Silty Clay
Sediment fill of Ganga basin
Upper Bhander sandstone (Vindhyans) with Shale partings
Fractured Rock (with brackish water within Bhander formation)
Clay
AREAS OF CONCERN
1. Safe and irreversible storage of carbon dioxide is of critical concern.
2. Significant baseline information is now available from the projects underway in many parts of the world. However, extensive further research is needed both regionally and globally to study the true potential of saline aquifers.
3. Considerable additional geological and geophysical investigations need to be undertaken to effectively map the saline reservoirs, identify the characteristics of the cap rock and integrity of the reservoir.
4. Legal issues and public acceptance.
FINALLY
There appear to be no insurmountable technical barriers for geological storage of CO2 as an effective mitigation option
THANK YOU