geologic, hydrologic, and water-quality data from selected ... · ground-water contamination...

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

In cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Geologic, Hydrologic, and Water-Quality Data from Selected Boreholes and Wells In and Near Belvidere, Illinois, 1989-96

By P.C. Mills (U.S. Geological Survey), D.J. Yeskis (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), and ID. Straub (U.S. Geological Survey)

Open-File Report 97-242

Urbana, Illinois 1998

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Charles G. Groat, Director

The use of firm, trade, and brand names in this report is for identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.

For additional information write to:

District Chief U.S. Geological Survey 221 North Broadway Avenue Urbana, Illinois 61801

Copies of this report can be purchased from:

U.S. Geological Survey Branch of Information Services Box 25286 Denver, CO 80225-0286

CONTENTS

Abstract.............................................................................................................^ 1Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................................^ 1

Purpose and Scope....................................................................................................................................................... 1Description of the Study Area..................................................................................................................................... 3Acknowledgments....................................................................................................................................................... 7

Borehole and Well Network.................................................................................................................................................. 7Geologic Data........................................................................................................................................................................ 8

Stratigraphy andLithology of Rock Cores.................................................................................................................. 8Physical Characteristics of Rock Cores....................................................................................................................... 8Borehole and Surface Geophysics............................................................................................................................... 9

Hydrologic Data .................................................................................................................................................................^ 11Ground- Water Levels................................................................................................................................................... 11Water-Level Response to Municipal-Well Pumping................................................................................................... 15Horizontal Hydraulic Conductivity ............................................................................................................................. 24

Water-Quality Data............................................................................................................................................................... 24Vertical-Profile Measurements.................................................................................................................................... 24Borehole and Well Samples......................................................................................................................................... 28

Summary........................................................................................................._^ 31References Cited.................................................................................................................................................................... 34Appendix 1: List of Abbreviations and Units Used in Appendixes..................................................................................... 93Appendix 2: Completion Records for Selected Wells in Belvidere, 111............................................................................... 94Appendix 3: Detailed Lithologic Descriptions of Rock Cores from Selected Boreholes in Belvidere, 111.,

as Provided by the Illinois State Geological Survey....................................................................................... 101Appendix 4: Methods for Laboratory Analysis of Porosity, Bulk Density, and Particle Density of Rock Cores................ 122Appendix 5: Geophysical Logs of Selected Boreholes and Wells in Belvidere, 111............................................................. 124Appendix 6: Data and Interpretations from Azimuthal Square-Array Direct-Current Resistivity Surveys

In and Near Belvidere, 111................................................................................................................................ 143

FIGURES

1. Map showing the regional study area, area of detailed study, and selected locations of wells and geophysicalstudies in and near Belvidere, 111.............................................................................................................................. 2

2. Map showing the location of selected boreholes and wells, and line of section A-A' in the area of detailedstudy in Belvidere, 111............................................................................................................................................... 4

3-6. Diagrams showing:3. Geologic and hydrologic stratigraphy in and near Belvidere, 111....................................................................... 54. Geologic section A-A' in Belvidere, 111............................................................................................................. 65. Stratigraphy and vertical distribution of geologic, geophysical, and hydraulic characteristics at selected

boreholes in and near Belvidere, 111................................................................................................................... 106. Generalized view of the straddle-packer assembly and ground-water-sampling pump in a borehole .............. 12

7. Hydrograph showing periodic measured water levels in selected wells in Belvidere 111., 1989-96........................ 138-15. Hydrographs showing near-continuous measured water levels:

8. In borehole 00436 in Belvidere, 111., May 17-June 1, 1995 .............................................................................. 169. In wells AGTG305GPS, AGTG305GPD, and AGTG305SP in Belvidere, 111., June 1-2, 1995 ...................... 17

10. In wells AGTG305GPS and AGTG305GPD in Belvidere, 111., May 8-10, 1996............................................. 1811. In wells PCHG115B, PCHG115BD, PCHG127GP, and PCHG127SP in Belvidere, 111., July 14-22, 1992 .... 1912. In wells PCHG115B, PCHG115BD, PCHG127GP, and PCHG127SP in Belvidere, 111.,

July22-August31, 1992................................................................................................................................... 20

Contents III

13. In wells PCHG128GPS and PCHG128GPD in Belvidere, 111., May 19-20, 1995............................................ 2114. In wells PCHG127GP and PCHG127SP, and pumping status of municipal wells BMW4 and BMW6 in

Belvidere, 111., November 9-December 4, 1992................................................................................................ 2215. In wells PCHG115S, PCHG115D, PCHG115B, PCHG115BD, PCHG126BD, PCHG127GP,

and PCHG127SP in Belvidere, 111., November 9-December 4, 1992............................................................... 2316-20. Diagrams showing:

16. Distribution of horizontal hydraulic conductivity within the stratigraphic units that compose theglacial drift, Galena-Platteville, and St. Peter Sandstone aquifers underlying Belvidere, 111............................ 25

17. Vertical distribution of horizontal hydraulic conductivity, total concentration of volatile organic compounds, and specific conductance at boreholes PCHG115BD, PCHG125BD, PCHG126BD, and PCHG127GP, and monitoring well PCHG127GP in Belvidere, 111., August 1990-November 1991............... 26

18. Vertical distribution of horizontal hydraulic conductivity, total concentration of volatile organiccompounds, and specific conductance at borehole PCHG128GP in Belvidere, 111., January 1994.................. 27

19. Vertical profile of field characteristics of ground water in borehole PCHG127GP in Belvidere, 111.,Decembers, 1991.............................................................................................................................................. 29

20. Vertical profile of field characteristics of ground water in municipal well BMW2 in Belvidere, 111.,March 24, 1993..................................,.............................................................................................................^ 30

21. Stiff diagrams showing concentrations of selected inorganic constituents in ground water from theGalena-Platteville (dolomite) and St. Peter Sandstone aquifers underlying Belvidere, 111., 1991-95 .................... 32

22. Trilinear diagram showing characteristic inorganic water chemistry in the Galena-Platteville (dolomite) andSt. Peter Sandstone aquifers underlying Belvidere, 111., 1991-95........................................................................... 33

TABLES

1. Description of boreholes and wells in the ground-water-monitoring network in and near Belvidere, 111.............. 392. Summarized lithologic description of rock cores from selected boreholes in Belvidere, 111.................................. 423. Stratigraphic classification of rock cores from selected boreholes in Belvidere, 111.............................................. 434. Porosity of rock cores from selected boreholes in Belvidere, 111............................................................................ 445. Bulk density of rock cores from selected boreholes in Belvidere, 111..................................................................... 466. Particle density of rock cores from selected boreholes in Belvidere, 111................................................................ 487. Borehole geophysical logs and source of logs collected in Belvidere, 111.............................................................. 508. Ground-penetrating radar interpreted reflectors from borehole PCHG127GP in Belvidere, 111............................ 519. Ground-water-flow data from borehole PCHG128GP in Belvidere, 111., November 11, 1993.............................. 52

10. Depth to water and water-level altitude in selected wells in Belvidere, 111., 1989-96........................................... 5311. Prearranged pumping schedule for municipal wells BMW4 and BMW6 in Belvidere, 111.,

November-December 1992.................................................................................................................................... 6312. Estimated horizontal hydraulic conductivities at selected wells open to the glacial drift aquifer underlying

Belvidere, 111. .....................................................................................................................................................^ 6413. Estimated horizontal hydraulic conductivities at selected boreholes and wells open to the

Galena-Platteville (dolomite) and St. Peter Sandstone aquifers underlying Belvidere, 111.................................... 6514. Vertical profile of field characteristics of ground water in borehole PCHG127GP in Belvidere, 111.,

Decembers, 1991............................................................................................................................................... 6915. Vertical profile of field characteristics of ground water in municipal well BMW2 in Belvidere, 111.,

March 24, 1993 ........................................................ 7016. Field characteristics of ground water in selected boreholes and wells open to the

Galena-Platteville (dolomite) and St. Peter Sandstone aquifers underlying Belvidere, 111., 1990-94 ................... 7217. Concentrations of detected inorganic constituents (cations) and tritium in ground water in selected

boreholes and wells open to the glacial drift, Galena-Platteville (dolomite), St. Peter Sandstone, Ordovician, and Cambrian-Ordovician aquifers underlying Belvidere, 111., 1985-95........................................... 75

IV Contents

18. Concentrations of selected inorganic constituents (anions) in ground water in selected boreholes and wells open to the Galena-Platteville (dolomite) and St. Peter Sandstone aquifers underlying Belvidere, 111., 1991-95.......................................................................................................................................... 85

19. Concentrations of detected volatile organic compounds in ground water in selected boreholes and wellsopen to the Galena-Platteville (dolomite), St. Peter Sandstone, Ordovician, and Cambrian-Ordovician aquifers

20. Estimated concentrations of detected se well BMW2 in Belvidere, III, July 20,

CONVERSION FACTORS AND VERTICAL

Multiply

ttnivolatile organic compounds in ground water in municipal 1993.......................................................................................................... 90

DATUM, AND ABBREVIATED WATER-QUALITY UNITS

By To obtainLength

inch (in.) foot (ft)

mile (mi)

25.4 0.3048 1.609

millimeter meter kilometer

Area

square mile (mi2) 2.590 square kilometer

Volume

gallon (gal) 3.785 liter

Flow rate

gallon per minute (gal/min) 0.06309 liter per second

Pressure

pound per square inch (lb/in2) 6.895 kilopascal

Radioactivity

picocurie per liter (pCi/L) 0.037 becquerel per liter

Transmissivity*

foot squared per day (ft2/d) 0.09290 meter squared per day

Hydraulic conductivity**

foot per day (ft/d) 0.3048 meter per day

Temperature in degrees Celsius (°C) may be converted to degrees Fahrenheit (°F) as follows:

°F = (1.8x°C) + 32

Sea level: In this report, "sea level" refers to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD of 1929) a geodetic datum derived from a general adjustment of the first-order level nets of both the United States and Canada, formerly called Sea Level Datum of 1929.

Contents

Altitude, as used in this report, refers to distance above or below sea level.

*Transmissivity: The standard unit for transmissivity is cubic foot per day per square foot times foot of aquifer thickness [(ft3/d)/ft2]ft. In this report, the mathematically reduced form, foot squared per day (ft2/d), is used for convenience.

**Hydraulic conductivity: The standard unit for hydraulic conductivity is cubic foot per day per>j fj

square foot of aquifer cross-sectional area (ft /d)/fr. In this report, the mathematically reduced form, foot per day (ft/d), is used for convenience.

Specific conductance is given in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius (|XS/cm at 25 °C) or millisiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius (mS/cm at 25 °C).

Concentrations of chemical constituents in water are given either in milligrams per liter (mg/L) or micrograms per

Oxidation-reduction potential (Eh) is given in millivolts (mv).

Other abbreviations:

g/cm grams per cubic centimeter

VI Contents

Geologic, Hydrologic, and Water-Quality Data from Selected Boreholes and Wells In and Near Belvidere, Illinois, 1989-96By P.O. Mills, D.J. Yeskis, andJ.D. Straub

Abstract

This report presents selected geologic, hydrologic, and water-quality data collected in and near Belvidere, 111., during 1989-96. The data were collected primarily by the U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in support of an ongoing ground-water study of the glacial drift aquifer and bedrock aquifers of Ordovician and Cambrian age underly ing the area. These data were collected from 8 boreholes and 52 wells within a 4 square-mile urbanized part of the 80 square-mile study area. Data include stratigraphic, lithologic, and physical descriptions of rock cores from 5 boreholes; geophysical logs of 23 boreholes; surface- geophysical surveys at 3 sites; ground-water levels at 46 wells; horizontal hydraulic conductiv ity estimated from slug tests at 32 boreholes and wells; and ground-water-quality information at 26 boreholes and wells. Ground-water-quality information include field characteristics and labo ratory analyses of inorganic constituents, tritium, volatile organic compounds, and semivolatile organic compounds. Also included are construc tion logs for 11 monitoring wells and descriptions of the methods used for data collection.

at local industrial or commercial facilities have been disposed on the grounds of the facilities or at one of three nearby solid-waste landfills (Brown and Mills, 1995). Presently, one closed industrial facility and two of the three closed landfills are listed on the National Priorities List under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA, commonly known as Superfund).

Potentially hazardous industrial-use constituents (hereafter, referred to as contaminants), such as volatile and semivolatile organic compounds (VOC's and SVOC's, respectively) and metals, have been detected in the glacial drift and bedrock aquifers underlying the Belvidere area. Because contaminants have been detected in the community's 8 water-supply wells and approximately 20 domestic and industrial wells, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) requested that the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) study the hydrogeology and water quality of the aquifers in the area. The study is intended to provide the data and conceptual framework necessary to (1) determine the general distribution and migration pathways of contaminants in the aquifers, (2) evaluate ongoing and possible future ground-water contamination problems of the 80-mi2 Belvidere study area (fig. 1) on a regional basis, and (3) develop strategies for remediation of ground-water problems and the protection of regional ground-water supplies.

INTRODUCTION

The city of Belvidere in Boone County, 111. (fig. 1) is a community of about 18,000 in north-central Illinois. Since the late 1800's, Belvidere has had a mixed agricultural- and industrial-based economy. In some cases, potentially hazardous wastes generated

Purpose and Scope

This report presents selected geologic, hydrologic, and water-quality data collected by the USGS and USEPA in support of the ongoing ground-water study in the vicinity of Belvidere, 111. The data were collected during 1989-96 from temporary wells,

Introduction

BOONE COUNTY

Area of enlargement

EXPLANATION

I | AREA OF DETAILED STUDY

BL1PW10. WATER-SUPPLY WELL AND NAME

30T TEMPORARY WELL (TW) AND NAME

G LOCATION WHERE BEDROCK BOREHOLE HAS BEEN GEOPHYSICALLY LOGGED

S LOCATION OF SURFACE-GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS

88°55' 87°47'30"

42°19'

42°12'30"

Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:24,000, 1993Albers Equal-Area Conic projectionStandard parallels 33° and 45', central meridian -89°

2 MILES

2 KILOMETERS

Figure 1 . Regional study area, area of detailed study, and selected locations of wells and geophysical studies in and near Belvidere, III.

2 Geologic, Hydrologic, and Water-Quality Data from Selected Boreholes and Wells In and Near Belvidere, Illinois, 1989-96

boreholes, monitoring wells, water-supply wells, and surface-geophysical surveys. Most of the data were collected within a 4-mi2 urbanized area of detailed study (figs. 1 and 2). Also presented are selected data collected during 1985-1995 by private geotechnical firms, and municipal and State agencies. These data are included in this report to provide a more compre hensive data resource than is currently available for reviewing the areal, vertical, and time distribution of hydrogeologic and ground-water-quality data collected in the area of Belvidere. Data collected as part of synoptic water-level and water-quality studies in July 1993, May-June 1994, May-June 1995, and September-October 1996 are not included in this report. For the most part, the data collected during the synoptic studies were from a separate network of domestic water-supply wells. Data collected as part of the synoptic studies are presented in Mills and others (in press).

Data presented in this report include stratigraphic and lithologic descriptions and physical properties (porosity, bulk density, and particle density) of rock cores, borehole-geophysical logs, surface- geophysical surveys, ground-water levels, horizontal hydraulic conductivities, and ground-water-quality information. Ground-water levels include data collected during unstressed and stressed periods. Ground-water-quality information include field characteristics and laboratory analyses of inorganic constituents, tritium, VOC's, and SVOC's. Field characteristics were vertically profiled at two boreholes and determined at the well head at other sample sites. Also included in this report are (1) a description of the network of boreholes and wells where data were collected; (2) construction logs for 11 monitoring wells installed by the USGS; and (3) brief descriptions or references to the methods used to drill and construct the wells; collect geologic, geophysical, hydrologic, and water-quality data; determine the physical proper ties of rock cores; and analyze aquifer-test data. The methods of study are described in conjunction with the presentation of the data. All data tables are included at the end of the report.

Description of the Study Area

The outer boundary shown in figure 1 represents the 80-mi2 study area for the regional hydrogeologic and water-quality study. Most data presented in this report were collected within the 4-mi2 urbanized

area of detailed study shown in figures 1 and 2. The boundary of the detailed study area was selected because (1) several municipal water-supply wells in this area were available for extensive data collection (as described in this report), and (2) in many cases, data were collected in this area to complement ongoing site- specific ground-water investigations (Mills, 1993a,b,c; Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, 1988).

A detailed description of the physiographic setting of the regional study area is provided in Brown and Mills (1995). The setting of the detailed study area is characterized by broad lowlands drained by the west ward flowing Kishwaukee River (figs. 1 and 2). Land- surface altitude at the river channel is about 750 ft. Beyond the narrow river channel, land surface is generally flat; altitude is about 780 ft.

The general geologic and hydrologic strati graphy underlying the area of Belvidere is summarized in the following paragraphs and detailed in figures 3 and 4 (line of section A-A' shown in figure 2). The stratigraphic nomenclature used in this report does not necessarily follow the usage of the USGS. The geologic nomenclature is that of the Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS) (Willman and others, 1975). The hydrologic nomenclature is slightly modified from that of the Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) (Woller and Sanderson, 1974). The modified nomenclature accounts for differences in the sizes and hydrogeologic conditions of the areas represented by the USGS/USEPA and the ISWS studies.

The principal aquifers in the study area are the glacial drift aquifer of Quaternary age, the Galena- Platteville (dolomite) and St. Peter Sandstone aquifers of Ordovician age, and the Ironton-Galesville and Elmhurst-Mt. Simon aquifers of Cambrian age. For the purposes of this report, all wells open to sand-and- gravel and (or) silt deposits underlying the study area are considered to be completed in a single glacial drift aquifer. When considering ground-water flow in the regional 80-mi2 study area, this assumption is reason able. In the context of the 4-mi2 area of detailed study, however, specific sand-and-gravel deposits may compose units that are hydraulically isolated from one another or represent alluvial deposits of Holocene age. In this report, the aquifer system composed of the Galena and Platteville Groups and the St. Peter Sandstone is referred to as the Ordovician aquifer, and the aquifer system composed of bedrock units of Ordovician and Cambrian age is referred to as the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer. Specific aquifers within

Introduction

88° 50'

42° 16'

42° 15'

A' /-PCHG128GPD

BMW6

PCHG102;- PCHG127SP

V \ X >' /<'' S\ '' 00436, * x " ' ' ' ' PCHP43;6B,

PCHG4^6GPS, PGHP436BD

-^''- '<-"\ \ s^S^^''X',.~

00305,AGTG305GPS AGTG305GPD AGTG305SP

Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data,1:24,000,1993

Albers Equal-Area Conic projection Standard parallels 33° and 45', central meridian -89'

0 500 1,000 FEET I r1 H

0 125 250 METERS

EXPLANATION

APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF THE PARSON'S CASKET HARDWARE . SUPERFUND SITE

A-A' LINE OF SECTION

T 00305 MONITORING WELL OR BOREHOLE AND NAME-Closely spaced wells are represented by overlapping well symbols

BMW5 MUNICIPAL WATER-SUPPLY WELL AND NAME

Figure 2. Location of selected boreholes and wells, and line of section A-A' in the area of detailed study in Belvidere, III.


SYSTEM

QUATERNARY

ORDOVICIAN

CAMBRIAN

PRE- CAM-

BRIAN

ROCK STRATIGRAPHY

Undesignated

Maquoketa Shale Group

Galena Group

Platteville Group

ex Glenwood Q Formation £

St. Peter "g Sandstone c

Eminence Formation

Potosi Dolomite

Franconia Formation

Ironton Sandstone

Galesville Sandstone

Eau Claire Formation

Elmhurst Sandstone

Member

Mt. Simon Sandstone

AQUIFER OR

CONFINING UNIT

Glacial drift aquifer and

Confining unit

Confining unit

Galena- ^ Platteville s=

aquifer o-(0c

Confining -5 unit °

St. Peter o Sandstone

aquifer

Confining unit

Ironton- Galesville

aquifer

Confining unit

Elmhurst- Mt. Simon

aquifer

Ordovician aquifer

Cambrian-

LOG

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0-385

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0-45

0-300

0-55

180-290

40-120

60-100

115-160

200-380

about 1,600

DESCRIPTION

Unconsolidated glacial deposits-pebbly clay (till), silt, sand and gravel

Alluvial silts and sands of Holocene age along streams

Shale, sandy, brown to black

Shale, silty, dolomitic, greenish gray, weak (Upper unit)

Dolomite and limestone, white, light gray, interbedded shale (Middle unit)

Shale, dolomitic, brown, gray (Lower unit)

Dolomite and/or limestone, cherty (Lower unit)

Dolomite, shale partings, speckled

Dolomite and/or limestone, cherty, sandy at base

Dolomite, sandstone; silty

Sandstone, fine to coarse grained; locally cherty red shale at base

Dolomite, light colored, sandy, thin sandstones

Dolomite, fine-grained, gray to brown, drusy quartz

Dolomite, sandstone and shale, glauconitic, green to red, micaceous

Sandstone, fine to coarse grained, well sorted; upper part dolomitic

Shale and siltstone, dolomitic, glauconitic; sandstone, dolomitic, glauconitic

Sandstone, coarse grained, white, red in lower half; lenses of shale and siltstone, red, micaceous in upper part

Granitic rocks

Figure 3. Geologic and hydrologic stratigraphy in and near Belvidere, 1974, fig. 1).

II. (modified from Woller and Sanderson,

Introduction 5

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the systems generally are separated by confining units. The reader is referred to figure 3, Brown and Mills (1995), Berg and others (1984), and Willman and Kolata (1978), for general descriptions of the thick ness, lithology, and hydrology of the aquifers.

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Jim Grimes, Superintendent of the Water and Sewer Department, Belvidere, 111., and the citizens of Belvidere for generously allowing access to the municipal and private wells, respectively, in the study area. The authors also thank Dennis Kolata and Michael Sargent (ISGS) for their assistance in the lithologic and stratigraphic description of rock cores. Frederick Paillet (USGS) and James Ursic (USEPA, Superfund Division, Technical Support Section, Chicago, 111.) are acknowledged for the collection and interpretation of borehole-geophysical data, and Peter Joesten and John Lane, Jr. (USGS) for the interpretation of the surface-geophysical data. James Rauman (USGS) is acknowledged for his assistance in borehole-packer testing and monitoring-well construction. Craig Thomas (USEPA, Superfund Division, Remedial Response Branch, Chicago, 111.) is recognized for his assistance in data collection and for the scientific input and managerial oversight he provided in the initial phases of the study.

BOREHOLE AND WELL NETWORK

The network of 8 boreholes and 52 wells from which the data presented in this report were collected are shown in figures 1 and 2; specific locations of wells PCHG102-PCHG127SP are available from the USGS. A description of the boreholes and wells is provided in table 1. The network includes 5 temporary wells installed by the USEPA, 11 monitoring wells constructed by the USGS, 31 monitoring wells constructed by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA), 4 municipal water-supply wells, and 3 used and unused private water-supply wells (unused wells are referred to as boreholes in this report).

The following criteria are used for the classifica tion and naming of temporary wells, boreholes, and wells. A temporary well is a 1-in. outside-diameter steel rod with a 2-ft long slotted screen installed in the glacial drift aquifer. Installed to a depth less than 30 ft

below land surface, the well remains in place for less than 1 hour for measurement of the ground-water level and collection of a water sample. A temporary well is identified by the leading alphabetical characters TW (for example, TW1). A borehole, as used in this report, is an open hole in a bedrock aquifer that was present (1) before the subsequent construction of a monitoring well or use as a water-supply well, or (2) after use as a water-supply well is discontinued. A borehole name generally is the same as the subsequently constructed well name. A borehole with only numerical characters (for example, 00305) initially was constructed as a water-supply well. Leading alphabetical characters relate the boreholes and wells to site-specific studies (for example, PCH represents the Parson's Casket Hardware Superfund site and BMW represents a Belvidere municipal well). Monitoring wells are identified by the alphabetical characters G or P preceding several numerical characters (for example, PCHG426BD and PCHP436B). Monitoring wells comprise 2-in. inside-diameter (nominal) stainless- steel or poly vinylchloride (PVC) risers with stainless- steel or PVC slotted screens; screens are 5- or 10-ft (nominal) in length. As described in Brown and Mills (1995) and Science Applications International Corpo ration (1992), monitoring well names generally indi cate the aquifer to which a well is open and the relative depth of a well in the aquifer. The well name also may indicate the specific fracture in the Galena-Platteville aquifer to which a well is open.

Temporary wells were installed using the Geoprobe system. This is a hydraulically powered system that uses the weight of the transport vehicle supplemented by a percussion hammer to advance the steel well rod. Details regarding the system are described in the sampling and analysis plan for the Belvidere ground-water study (U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1993) and the manufacturer's operation manual (Kejr Engineering, undated). The target depth for the temporary wells was 5 ft below the water table (presumably in sand-and-gravel deposits) or the base of the glacial drift aquifer if the saturated thickness of the aquifer was less than 5 ft.

The boreholes and permanent wells were drilled and constructed by various methods, including augering, water-rotary, and air-percussion. A general description of the drilling and construction methods used for the boreholes and 11 wells installed by the USGS is in Mills (1993a,b). The reader also is referred

Borehole and Well Network

to the completion records for the wells in appendix 2 (A list of abbreviations used in appendix 2 is given in appendix 1). Drilling and construction methods used for the wells installed by the IEPA are described in Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (1988) and Science Applications International Corporation (1992). A brief description of the construction of the municipal wells can be found in Woller and Sanderson (1974). Construction methods for the private water-supply wells are not well documented; details that are avail able on the well-construction permit are given in table 1.

GEOLOGIC DATA

Various types of geologic data were collected during this study in order to understand the geologic framework of the aquifers underlying the vicinity of Belvidere. Understanding this framework aids concep tualization of the movement of ground water and contaminants within the aquifers. Rock cores were collected from the bedrock units of Ordovician age to determine the stratigraphy, lithology, texture (visible porosity and grain size), and structure (presence of fractures) of the units. Selected cores were analyzed in the USGS, Illinois District laboratory in Urbana to determine the physical characteristics of matrix poros ity, bulk density, and particle density. Selected bore holes were geophysically logged to provide additional information on the lithology, texture, structure, and hydraulic characteristics of the rock units. A surface- geophysical-logging procedure, the azimuthal square- array direct-current resistivity method, was used to interpret the orientation of high-angle fractures in the bedrock. Such fractures can affect hydraulic anisotropy in the bedrock aquifer. A quantified estimate of second ary porosity and information on layering of geologic units also can be obtained with this method.

from all boreholes except PCHG115BD were collected by the USGS. The core from borehole PCHG115BD was collected by the IEPA.

All cores collected by the USGS were briefly described in the field (Mills, 1993b,c). The stratigraphy and lithology of the cores were described in detail in the laboratory by ISGS personnel specializing in the Ordovician-aged units of northern Illinois. Most cores were cut to slabs to reveal textural features and sedi mentary structures that were not visible because of the rough surface of the cores. The cores were examined both wet and dry under fluorescent lights.

The approximately 360-ft thick sequence of the Galena and Platteville Groups, the Glenwood Formation, and the uppermost part of the St. Peter Sandstone in the vicinity of Belvidere is considered to be fully represented. The boreholes from which the cores were obtained are in close proximity and the core-sample intervals overlap. Detailed descriptions of core lithology by the ISGS are presented in appendix 3; a summarized description is presented in table 2.

Stratigraphic classification of the bedrock geologic units, based on all available rock-core data, is presented in tables 2 and 3. Stratigraphic classifica tion of the Galena-Platteville Groups are based prima rily on criteria developed from characteristics of the weathered surfaces of the carbonate units. The small- diameter, unweathered cores and the composited stratigraphic sequence represented by the cores were not ideally suited for classification with these criteria. Furthermore, Stratigraphic classifications from the rock cores based on weathered-surface criteria were not necessarily equivalent to those classifications based on borehole-geophysical log characteristics, such as natural-gamma activity. Because of the difficulties in determining Stratigraphic classifications in some unweathered rock cores, the classifications and related depths/thicknesses presented in tables 2 and 3 are not certain and subject to additional revision.

Stratigraphy and Lithology of Rock Cores Physical Characteristics of Rock Cores

Rock cores were collected from four boreholes (PCHG125B, PCHG115BD, PCHG127GP, PCHG127SP) at or near the Parson's Casket Hardware Superfund site and one borehole (PCHG128GP) located within 0.25 mi of the site (fig. 2). The 1.75-3-in. diameter cores were collected at various depth intervals in the bedrock units of Ordovician age underlying the area. Cores

Fifty-seven subsections of the rock cores were selected for laboratory analysis of matrix porosity, bulk density, and particle density. The approximately 0.25-ft long subsections were selected as representative of each of the identified Stratigraphic units (formations and members). For relatively thick Stratigraphic units or units with variable lithology, multiple core sections were selected for analysis. The detailed lithologic


descriptions of the cores by the ISGS and indications of clay content from natural-gamma logs were used to select representative subsections from stratigraphic units with variable lithologies.

The methods used for the analysis of porosity, bulk density, and particle density are detailed in appendix 4; the resulting values for these analyses are presented in tables 4-6. The analytical methods under estimate porosity and bulk density for core sections with exposed cavities (vugs or vesicles). To account for the underestimated values, a qualitative scale was used to estimate the volume of the unrepresented cavities. The scale ranges from 1 to 5, representing smooth (1) to very vuggy (5) core surfaces. The estimated values of porosity and bulk density based on this accounting are presented in the data tables as adjusted values. For quality-assurance purposes, some core sections were reanalyzed to determine the repeatability of the measurements. The reanalyzed sections are identified in the data tables as second-run measurements.

The vertical distribution of matrix porosity in the Ordovician-age bedrock units, as represented by composited data from boreholes PCHG115B, PCHG115BD, PCHG127GP, PCHG120GP, and PCHG127SP, is shown in figure 5. Also shown are the stratigraphy and selected physical and hydraulic characteristics of the units, including lithographic texture (visible porosity), clay content (indicated by natural-gamma activity), fracture presence (indicated by borehole diameter), horizontal hydraulic conductiv ity, and vertical ground-water flow.

Borehole and Surface Geophysics

Twenty-three boreholes or wells were geophysically logged by the USGS and USEPA. A listing of all boreholes or wells that were logged, the logging performed, and the agency that performed the logging are given in table 7. Fourteen monitoring wells open to glacial drift and shallow-bedrock deposits at the Parson's Casket Hardware Superfund site (PCH wells 102-122D in table 7 and figure 2) were logged for natural-gamma activity. All six boreholes open to deep-bedrock deposits at the Parson's Casket Hardware Superfund site (PCHG115BD, PCHG125BD, PCHG126BD, PCHG127GP, PCHG127SP, PCHG128GP), boreholes 00305 and 00436, and Belvidere municipal water-supply well BMW2 (fig. 2, table 1) were logged with multiple tools (table 7). The

reader is referred to Schlumberger (1972), Paillet and Williams (1994), and Cohen (1995) for a general description of the principles, techniques, and applica tions of geophysical logging in hydrogeology. Niva (1991) provides an overview of ground-penetrating- radar logging. Hess (1990) describes the use of the heat-pulse flow meter to characterize vertical ground- water flow.

All geophysical logs completed by the USGS or USEPA as part of the study are shown in appendix 5 (a list of abbreviations and units used in appendix 5 is given in appendix 1). Additional logging of the bed rock deposits of Ordovician age has been done by a private geotechnical firm (GZA GeoEnvironmental, Inc., 1993, 1994) at several locations 0.5-1 mi south west of the detailed study area (fig. 1). The northern location of borehole-geophysical logging shown in figure 1 represents a Belvidere municipal well (BMW8); the southern location represents several closely clustered boreholes at a manufacturing facility.

Logging of borehole PCHG127GP (open to the Galena-Platteville aquifer) by ground-penetrating radar was originally described in Niva (1991) and Mills (1993b). The description included a limited analysis of the full data set. An expanded analysis of the data set was later completed (John Lane, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1993). The expanded analysis is summarized in table 8, which shows the interpreted reflectors (cavities, bedding-plane-solution features, and inclined fractures) in the vicinity of borehole PCHG127GP.

Vertical ground-water-flow data were collected using a heat-pulse flow meter at several locations in the study area. Data collected at borehole PCHG127GP are presented in Mills (1993b) and are shown in appendix 5. Data collected at borehole PCHG128GP (open to the Galena-Platteville aquifer) are presented in table 9 and are shown in appendix 5. Data collected at borehole 00436 (open to the Galena-Platteville aquifer) and the then unused municipal well BMW2 (open to the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer) are shown in appen dix 5.

Azimuthal square-array direct-current resistivity (SAR) surveys were done at three surface sites (fig. 1). The survey sites were selected on the basis of four criteria: (1) bedrock surface within 30 ft of land surface, (2) minimal clay or other fine-grained sediments in the unconsolidated deposits overlying bedrock, (3) surface area large enough to accommodate a 315-446-ft-diameter SAR array, and (4) widest

Geologic Data

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10 Geologic, Hydrologic, and Water-Quality Data from Selected Boreholes In and Near Belvidere, Illinois, 1989-96

possible distribution of sites within the 80-mi2 regional study area. Two of the sites were southwest of the area of detailed study (about 0.5 and 3 mi, respectively). Theoretical considerations of the S AR method and the procedures of data collection and analysis are detailed in Lane and others (1995) and Habberjam (1979). The SAR data and analysis are presented in a document (Peter Joesten and John W. Lane, Jr., U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1996) provided, in part, in appendix 6. Graphical presentations of individual squares within the survey arrays and results of numeri cal geophysical modeling are available from the USGS.

HYDROLOGIC DATA

Hydrologic data were collected from the network of monitoring wells, water-supply wells, and boreholes. The data include water levels to determine horizontal and vertical hydraulic gradients, flow direc tions, aquifer responses to municipal-well pumping, and horizontal hydraulic conductivities of the aquifer materials. Data from boreholes were collected from fully open boreholes and from specific depth intervals isolated by use of a straddle-packer assembly. Data- collection methods using the straddle-packer assembly are described in detail in Mills (1993a,b). A general ized view of the straddle-packer assembly is shown in figure 6.

Ground-Water Levels

Ground-water levels were measured in most of the wells included in table 1 and figure 2 during this study. Periodic measurements were made in 46 wells, and near-continuous measurements were made in one borehole (00436) and 12 wells. Periodic measurements of water level were made by a chalked-steel tape or an electric-sensor tape. The measurements were made at time intervals ranging from less-than hourly to annu ally, generally at selected wells during irregularly scheduled field trips. Measurements were made at all available wells in the network during several annually scheduled field trips. Near-continuous measurements of water level were obtained by the use of vented pressure transducers, generally with a pressure-sensing range of 0-10 lb/in2 . Transducers with ranges of 0-20 lb/in2 and 0-30 lb/in2 were used in wells with substantial fluctuations in water level in response to pumping of nearby water-supply wells. Water levels

obtained by pressure transducers were recorded by a programmable data logger. The near-continuous measurements were made at time intervals ranging from 15 to 30 minutes.

Several measurements were made at each well to ensure the quality of the data. Measurements made by steel tape were repeated and accepted when the difference between measurements was less than or equal to 0.01 ft. For some wells, a larger difference was accepted because the water level fluctuated in response to pumping of nearby water-supply wells over very short intervals (minutes). Electric tapes were used to measure water levels in wells with substantial fluctuations (about 0.5 ft per minute).

The operating response of each pressure trans ducer was checked, after placement in a well, by raising and lowering the submerged transducer a known distance and comparing this distance with the value indicated by the data logger. Transducers that were out of tolerance were not used in the study. Water levels in the wells instrumented with transducers were periodically cross-checked with measurements made with a chalked-steel or electric-sensor tapes; data log ging was reinitiated with corrected water-level inputs, as necessary.

The periodic measurements of ground-water level allowed determination of the horizontal and ver tical gradients, directions of ground-water flow, and the temporal variability of the gradients and directions of flow. Periodic measurements over intervals of short- duration (less than hourly to daily) and near-continuous measurements of longer duration (days to months) also provided information about the transient effects of ground-water pumping.

Periodic measurements in the vicinity of Belvidere during 1989-96 are presented in table 10 and figure 7. Near-continuous measurements during 1992-95 are presented in figures 8-15. Locations of the boreholes and wells where ground-water levels were measured are presented in figure 2. Additional near-continuous measured water levels were collected but are not presented as part of this report. Data collected by USEPA from wells PCHG111S and PCHG111D (Douglas Yeskis, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, written commun., 1990), as part of an initial study of the pumping effects of nearby municipal wells BMW4 and BMW6 (fig. 2) on water levels in the glacial drift and Galena-Platteville aquifers, are available from the USGS. Data collected by the USGS, as part of a multiple-well aquifer test and

Hydrologic Data 11

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as part of an expanded study of the pumping effects of wells BMW4 and BMW6, are presented in Mills (1993b). Additional information on the general tech niques of water-level measurement, including the decontamination of measuring equipment, are included in the sampling and analysis plan for the Belvidere ground-water study (U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1993).

Water-Level Response to Municipal-Well Pumping

Water-level data collected by Mills (1993b,c) and data included in this report (figs. 8-15) indicated the necessity of an expanded study of the pumping effects of the Belvidere municipal wells on water levels in the glacial drift, Galena-Platteville, and St. Peter Sandstone aquifers underlying Belvidere. During a 25-day period in November-December 1992, water

levels in 10 vertically nested wells were monitored as pumping activity was recorded at the nearby (within 0.5 mi) municipal wells BMW4 and BMW6.

Water levels were monitored using vented pres sure transducers with pressure-sensing ranges from 0-5 lb/in2 and from 0-30 lb/in2. Historical data allowed the selection of pressure ranges appropriate for expected water-level changes. The water-level data were recorded using a programmable data logger. A logarithmic monitoring schedule was used with the maximum interval of 5 minutes applied 3 hours after the start of data collection.

To help isolate the pumping effects of municipal wells BMW4, BMW6, and possibly other nearby high- capacity industrial wells, the pumping schedules for the two municipal wells were prearranged with the city of Belvidere (table 11). To ensure a very precise recording of the timing of changes in pumping status (well pump on or off), the pumping schedules were automatically

Water-Level Response to Municipal-Well Pumping 15

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Figure 15. Near-continuous measured water levels in wells PCHG115S, PCHG115D, PCHG115B, PCHG115BD, PCHG126BD, PCHG127GP, and PCHG127SP in Belvidere, III., November 9-December 4, 1992.


monitored by use of an alternating current (AC) line monitor coupled with a programmable data logger. With the AC line monitor attached to an exposed current-transmitting powerline, a direct current (DC) voltage signal is output in the presence of an AC voltage in the powerline. This output was monitored by the data logger every 5 seconds; data recording was limited to the times at which the well pumps were turned on and off. The automatic monitoring also was necessary because of the possibility that the prearranged pumping schedule may not be followed to satisfy the water-supply needs of the city. As can be seen by comparing the prearranged pumping sched ule in table 11 with the schedules shown in figure 14, diversion from the prearranged schedule was neces sary.

Standard measures were used to assure the quality of the water-level measurements (see descrip tion in the section "Ground-Water Levels"). To ensure that the AC line-monitor/data-logger system was properly recording the pumping status of the municipal wells, several well-pumping cycles were monitored by alternative methods. One cycle was monitored by an observer. Several cycles were monitored by a tripod- mounted time-encoding video camera that visually recorded needle deflections on pump gages and audibly recorded pump-motor activity.

Water levels in wells PCHG127GP and PCHG127SP in relation to the pumping status of municipal wells BMW4 and BMW6 are shown in figure 14. The open interval of well PCHG127GP is near a hydraulically important bedding-plane fracture in the lower part of the Galena-Platteville aquifer (Mills, 1993b), and well PCHG127SP is open to the upper part of the St. Peter Sandstone aquifer. Water levels in monitoring wells open to the glacial drift, Galena-Platteville, and St. Peter Sandstone aquifers during the time period in which the pumping status of the municipal wells was monitored are shown in figure 15.

Horizontal Hydraulic Conductivity

Horizontal hydraulic conductivities (Kh) were estimated from one multiple-well aquifer test and numerous single-well aquifer (slug) tests completed in 22 monitoring wells and 5 straddle-packed boreholes. The multiple-well aquifer test was done in June 1991. Details associated with the multiple-well aquifer test, including test methods, analytical assumptions,

estimates of Kh, and limitations, are provided in Mills (1993b). Slug tests were done during 1989-95. Details associated with the slug tests are provided in Vanderpool and Yeskis (1991) and Mills (1993a,b,c). Estimates of Kh from the slug tests are presented in tables 12 (glacial drift aquifer) and 13 (Galena- Platteville and St. Peter Sandstone aquifers). The distribution of Kh within the stratigraphic units that compose the glacial drift, Galena-Platteville, and St. Peter Sandstone aquifers is shown in figure 16. The vertical distribution of Kh in the Galena-Platteville aquifer, as represented by composited data from bore holes PCHG115BD, PCHG127GP, and PCHG128GP, is shown in figure 5. Also shown in figure 5 are the stratigraphy and selected physical and hydraulic char acteristics of the aquifer. The vertical distribution of Kh in the Galena-Platteville aquifer in relation to concen trations of VOC's and specific conductance are shown in figures 17 (data from boreholes PCHG115BD, PCHG125BD, PCHG126BD, PCHG127GP) and 18 (data from borehole PCHG128GP).

WATER-QUALITY DATA

Ground-water-quality data were collected from all boreholes and selected wells included in table 1 and figure 2. Data include field characteristics (tempera ture, pH, specific conductance, redox potential (Eh) and dissolved oxygen), inorganic constituents, tritium, VOC's, and SVOC's. Specific analyses vary among sampling sites. Field-characteristic and VOC data collected from the monitoring wells and municipal water-supply wells included in table 1 and an addi tional network of private water-supply wells in the vicinity of Belvidere are included in Mills and others (in press).

Field characteristics of the ground water were vertically profiled at one borehole and one municipal water-supply well. All other boreholes and wells were sampled for analysis of field characteristics and (or) ground-water chemistry. Details of the vertical profiling and sampling methods are described in the following sections.

Vertical-Profile Measurements

Field characteristics of the ground water were vertically profiled at borehole PCHG127GP and municipal well BMW2 (table 1 and fig. 2). Profiling


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EXPLANATION

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Q GEOMETRIC MEAN OF VALUES

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Water-Quality Data 25

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was done by use of similar submersible Hydrolab Surveyor 3 water-quality meters. Details regarding the operation and systematic calibration of the meters can be found in the manufacturer's operation manual (Hydrolab Corporation, 1991) and the unpublished sampling and analysis plan for the Belvidere ground- water study (U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1993).

For the profiling of borehole PCHG127GP, the meter sonde was lowered by its 328-ft long cable to the base of the borehole, and field characteristics were allowed to equilibrate for about 2 hours before initial measurements were recorded. The sonde was moved up the borehole in 5- to 20-ft increments. A minimum of 5 minutes were allowed for equilibration of field characteristics at each depth increment before measure ments were recorded.

For the profiling of municipal well BMW2, measurements were made as the meter sonde was lowered down the well to the 200-ft extent of its cable and repeated as the sonde was extracted from the well. Field characteristics were allowed to equilibrate for about 30 minutes before initial measurements were recorded. The sonde was moved down and up the borehole in increments no greater than about 20 ft; depth increments were varied to allow measurements to be focused on features of hydrologic interest (for example, fractures that may allow preferential move ment of ground water and contaminants). A minimum of 5 minutes were allowed for equilibration of field characteristics at each depth increment before measure ments were recorded. Additional measurements were recorded at selected depths after allowing as much as 20 minutes to evaluate possible temporal variability of the field characteristics.

Vertical profiling of field characteristics in borehole PCHG127GP was done in December 1991. Results of the profiling are presented in table 14 and figure 19. Vertical profiling of field characteristics in municipal well BMW2 was done in March 1993. Results of the profiling are presented in table 15 and figure 20.

Borehole and Well Samples

Water samples were collected from 7 boreholes and 19 wells for analysis of field characteristics and (or) ground-water chemistry. Samples from five boreholes were collected from specific depth intervals by use of the previously described straddle-packer

assembly (refer to figure 6 and the section "Hydrologic Data"). Water samples generally were collected from the boreholes and monitoring wells with a submersible, positive-displacement sampling pump consisting of a stainless-steel pump head and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tubing. Water samples from temporary wells were collected using a peristaltic pump with a combi nation of PTFE and silicone tubing. Water samples from the operating water-supply wells were collected from a sampling tap located near the wells and before any in-line water treatment.

With few exceptions, measures were taken to ensure that representative samples of ground water were collected. A water-quality meter coupled with a flow-through cell was attached to the pump-discharge outlet or sampling tap to monitor the field characteris tics of water purged from a borehole or well. Criteria based on stabilized field characteristics of the ground water and well volumes (generally three well volumes) were applied to ensure a sufficient volume of water had been purged from a borehole or well prior to sampling. Well-volume criteria were not applied when preparing to sample water-supply wells. Prior to sampling, recent operation of these wells was verified, and then the wells were allowed to pump and discharge through the sampling tap for about 10 minutes.

For temporary wells that were 1-in. in diameter, the PTFE tubing was lowered to the base of the well and all standing water was flushed from the pump tubing by pumping about 5-10 minutes before a water sample was collected. For boreholes that were pres ently unused water-supply wells (00305, 00436), water samples were not collected by use of the straddle-packer assembly. Water samples from these boreholes were collected by lowering a submersible pump to a target depth. The large volume of standing water in the boreholes precluded application of the standardized criteria for ensuring the collection of a representative ground-water sample. Alternatively, water was pumped from the boreholes for about 10 minutes to ensure that all standing water was flushed from the pump tubing before a water sample was collected. Generally, tubing volume was calculated and water temperature was monitored to determine when ground water was discharging from the pump.

The water sample from the then unused munici pal well BMW2 was collected by a bottom-draining hand bailer. Because of the sampling methods used, the analytical water-quality data from all the unused water-


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supply wells are considered screening-quality data and should be viewed with caution.

Specifics regarding the methods for collecting the water samples from the boreholes and wells are described in the sampling and analysis plan for the Belvidere ground-water study (U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1993) and Mills (1993a,b,c). These reports document the(1) guidelines for calibrating the water-quality meters,(2) procedures for decontaminating sampling equip ment, (3) methods and data for purging wells and boreholes based on field-characteristic stabilization and well-volume criteria, (4) purging and sampling pump rates, and (5) quality-assurance/quality-control (QA/QC) procedures for sample collection and handling. Also included in the reports is selected information on laboratory analytical procedures. Additional specific details and data related to the purging and sampling of specific wells and boreholes can be obtained from the USGS.

The water samples were collected from the bore holes and wells during 1985-95. Location of the bore holes and wells where water samples were collected are shown in figures 1 and 2. Analytical results of the sam pling are presented in tables 16-20. The major-ion chemistry of ground water at selected boreholes and wells open to the Galena-Platteville and St. Peter Sandstone aquifers are shown in figures 21 and 22. Concentrations of VOC's and specific conductance of ground water in relation to the vertical distribution of Kh at selected boreholes (PCHG115BD, PCHG125BD, PCHG126BD, PCHG127GP, PCHG128GP) open to the Galena-Platteville aquifer are shown in figures 17 and 18.

SUMMARY

The city of Belvidere in Boone County, 111., is a community of about 18,000 with an agricultural- and industrial-based economy. As a result of past industrial activity, potentially hazardous industrial-use constituents (contaminants) have been detected in water from the glacial drift and bedrock aquifers under lying the Belvidere area. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), is investigating the hydrogeology and water quality of the aquifers in the area. The study is intended to provide the data and conceptual framework necessary (1) to determine the general distribution and migration pathways of

contaminants in the aquifers, (2) to evaluate ongoing and possible future ground-water contamination

r\

problems in the context of the 80-mi study area on a regional basis, and (3) to develop strategies for remedi ation of ground-water problems and the protection of regional ground-water supplies.

This report presents selected geologic, hydrologic, and water-quality data collected by the USGS and USEPA in support of the ongoing ground-water study. The data were collected during 1989-96 from temporary wells, boreholes, monitoring wells, water- supply wells, and surface-geophysical surveys prima rily within a 4-mi2 urbanized part of the study area. Data were collected from the glacial drift, Galena- Platteville (dolomite), St. Peter Sandstone, Ordovician, and Cambrian-Ordovician aquifers underlying the area. Also presented in this report are selected data collected by private geotechnical firms, and municipal and State agencies. These data are included in this report to provide a more comprehensive resource than is currently available for reviewing the areal, vertical, and time distribution of data collected in the vicinity of Belvidere.

Data included in the report include stratigraphic and lithologic descriptions, and physical properties of rock cores (porosity, bulk density, and particle density), borehole-geophysical logs, surface-geophysical surveys, ground-water levels, horizontal hydraulic conductivities estimated from slug tests, and ground- water-quality information. Ground-water levels include data collected during unstressed and stressed periods. Ground-water-quality information include field characteristics and laboratory analyses of inor ganic constituents, tritium, volatile organic compounds and semivolatile organic compounds. Water-quality characteristics were vertically profiled at two boreholes and determined at the well head at other sampling sites.

Also included in this report are (1) a description of the network of boreholes and wells used to collect the presented data; (2) construction logs for 11 moni toring wells; and (3) descriptions or references to the methods used to construct the wells; collect geologic, geophysical, hydrologic, and water-quality data; analyze aquifer-test data; and determine the physical properties of rock cores.

Summary 31

Galena-Platteville (dolomite) aquiferNA+K

CA /

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NA+K

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MG \ __

10 ME

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EQ 10 IONBAL 10 MEC

115BD PCHG 16) (2£

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^n SO4 Sulfate 127GP IONBAL Ionic Balance )1) % Percent Difference

MEQ Milliequivalents per liter PCHG115BD Well Number

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PCHG305GPS PCHG305GPD (114) (250)

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Figure 21. Concentrations of selected inorganic constituents in ground water from the Galena-Platteville (dolomite) and St. Peter Sandstone aquifers underlying Belvidere, III., 1991-95.


Galena-Platteville (dolomite) aquifer:Median Specific Conductance: 710 microsiemens/centimeter

Median pH: 7.10

St. Peter Sandstone aquifer:Median Specific Conductance: 764 microsiemens/centimeter

Median pH: 7.15EXPLANATION

Galena-PlattevilleBOREHOLE o G127GP o G128GP

WELL A G115BD + G127GP v G128GPS a G128GPD * G305GPS x G305GPD

St. Peter Sandstone WELLx G127SP ffl G305SP

CALCIUM CHLORIDE

PERCENT OF TOTAL MILLIEQUIVALENTS PER LITER

Figure 22. Characteristic inorganic water chemistry in the Galena-Platteville (dolomite) and St. Peter Sandstone aquifers underlying Belvidere, III., 1991-95.

Summary 33

REFERENCES CITED

Berg, R.C., Kempton, J.P., and Stecyk, A.N., 1984, Geology for planning in Boone and Winnebago Counties: Illinois State Geological Survey Circular 531, 69 p.

Bouwer, Herman, and Rice, R.C., 1976, A slug test for deter mining hydraulic conductivity of unconfined aquifers with completely or partially penetrating wells: Water Resources Research, v. 12, no. 3, p. 423-428.

Brown, T.A., and Mills, P.C., 1995, Well-construction, hydrogeologic, and ground-water-quality data in the vicinity of Belvidere, Boone County, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-515, 34 p.

Cohen, A.J.B., 1995, Hydrogeologic characterization of fractured rock formations: a guide for groundwater remediators: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 144 p.

Cooper, H.H., Jr., and Jacob, C.E., 1946, A generalized graphical method for evaluating formation constants and summarizing well-field history: American Geophysical Union Transactions, v. 27, p. 526-534.

GZA GeoEnvironmental, Inc., 1993, Bedrock drilling program summary/work plan, Belvidere assembly plant, Belvidere, Illinois: unpublished data [variously paged].

1994, Data summary field testing of Belvidere municipal well no. 8, Belvidere assembly plant, Belvidere, Illinois: unpublished data [variously paged].

Habberjam, G.M., 1979, Apparent resistivity observations and the use of square array techniques, in Saxov, S. and Flathe, H. (eds.), Geoexploration Monographs, series I, no. 9, p. 1-152.

Hess, A.E., 1990, Thermal-pulse flow meter measurement of slow water velocities in boreholes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-121, 70 p.

Hydrolab Corporation, 1991, Surveyor 3 multiparameter water quality logging system, operating manual: Austin, Tex., [variously paged].

Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, 1988, CERCLA screening site inspection report for the Belvidere public water supply wells No. 2 and No. 3: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, [variously paged].

Kejr Engineering, undated, Geoprobe owner's manual: Salina, Kans., [variously paged].

Lane, J.W., Haeni, P.P., and Watson, W.M., 1995, Use of a square-array direct-current resistivity method to detect fractures in crystalline bedrock in New Hampshire: Ground Water, v. 33, no. 3, p. 476-485.

Mills, P.C., 1993a, Vertical distribution of hydraulic charac teristics and water quality in three boreholes in the Galena-Platteville aquifer at the Parson's Casket Hardware Superfund site, Belvidere, Illinois, 1990:

U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-402, 36 p. 1993b, Hydrogeology and water quality of the Galena-Platteville aquifer at the Parson's Casket Hardware Superfund site, Belvidere, Illinois, 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-403, 86 p.

-1993c, Hydrogeology and water quality of theGalena-Platteville aquifer at the Parson's Casket Hardware Superfund site, Belvidere, Illinois, 1991-92: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-404, 29 p.

Mills, P.C., Thomas, C.A., Brown, T.A., Yeskis, D.J., and Kay, R.T., in press, Potentiometric levels and water quality in the aquifers underlying Belvidere, Illinois, 1993-96: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4220.

Niva, Borje, 1991, Results from borehole radar tests at Parsons Casket Superfund site: Mala, Sweden, Abem AB, 16 p.

Paillet, F. L., and Williams, J. W., eds., 1994, Proceedings of the U.S. Geological Survey workshop on the application of borehole geophysics to ground-water investigations, Albany, New York, June 2-4, 1992: U.S. Geological Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4103, 79 p.

Science Applications International Corporation, 1992, Final remedial investigation report, Parson's Casket Hardware Superfund site, Belvidere, Illinois: Illinois Environmental Protection Agency [variously paged].

1996, Draft technical memorandum for the off-site ground water investigation at the Parson's Casket Hardware site, Belvidere, Illinois: Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, [variously paged].

Schlumberger Limited, 1972, Log interpretation, volume 1 - principles: New York, N.Y, 112 p.

U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1993, Sampling and analysis plan for Belvidere, Illinois area ground-water synoptic study: Unpublished report on file in Illinois District of U.S. Geological Survey, [variously paged].

van der Kamp, G., 1976, Determining aquifer transmissivity by means of well response tests: The underdamped case: Water Resources Research, v. 12, no. 1, p. 71-77.

Vanderpool, Luanne, and Yeskis, Douglas, 1991, Parson's Casket, Belvidere, Illinois, hydrogeologic testing: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5 Technical Support Unit Report, 7 p. with appendixes.

Willman, H.B., Atherton, Elwood, Buschbach, T.C., Collinson, Charles, Frye, J.C., Hopkins, M.E., Lineback, J.A., and Simon, J.A., 1975, Handbook of Illinois stratigraphy: Illinois State Geological Survey Bulletin 95, 261 p.


Willman, H.B., and Kolata, D.R., 1978, The Platteville and Woller, D.M., and Sanderson, E.W., 1974, PublicGalena Groups in northern Illinois: Illinois State groundwater supplies in Boone County: Illinois StateGeological Survey Circular 502, 75 p. Water Survey Bulletin 60-6, 12 p.

References Cited 35

TABLES

57

Tabl

e 1.

D

escr

iptio

n of

bor

ehol

es a

nd w

ells

in t

he g

roun

d-w

ater

-mon

itorin

g ne

twor

k in

and

nea

r B

elvi

dere

, III

.[--

, no

data

]

Type

and

ins

talle

r:

BP, b

oreh

ole,

pri

vate

; B

IEPA

, bor

ehol

e, I

llino

is E

nvir

onm

enta

l P

rote

ctio

n A

genc

y; B

US

GS

, bor

ehol

e, U

.S. G

eolo

gica

l S

urve

y; M

IEPA

, m

onito

ring

wel

l, Ill

inoi

s E

nvir

onm

enta

l P

rote

ctio

n A

genc

y; M

US

GS

, m

onito

ring

wel

l, U

.S. G

eolo

gica

l S

urve

y; W

SM

, wat

er-s

uppl

y w

ell,

Bel

vide

re m

unci

pal;

WSP

, wat

er-s

uppl

y w

ell,

priv

ate;

TU

EP

A, t

empo

rary

wel

l, U

.S. E

nvir

onm

enta

l P

rote

ctio

n A

genc

y.

Bor

ehol

e or

wel

l na

me

3003

05

3004

36

AG

TG

305G

PS

AG

TG

305G

PD

AG

TG

305S

P

BL

1PW

10

BM

W2

BM

W4

BM

W5

BM

W6

NSM

G10

1N

SMG

102

NSM

G10

3N

SMG

104

NSM

G10

5

PCH

G10

2

PCH

G10

3PC

HG

111S

PCH

G11

1DPC

HG

112S

PCH

G11

2DS1

PC

HG

113S

1

PC

HG

113D

^

PCH

G11

4SPC

HG

114D

Typ

e an

d in

stal

ler

BP

..do.

....

MU

SGS

..do.

....

..do.

....

WSP

WSM

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

MIE

PA..d

o....

...d

o....

.

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

Inst

alla

tion

date

00-0

0-24

00

-00-

69

02-0

9-95

02

-09-

95

02-0

9-95

00-0

0-81

00-0

0-01

09-0

0-42

10-0

0-45

08-0

0-55

07-2

1-88

07-2

8-88

08-1

1-88

07-2

1-88

08-1

9-88

05-3

1-84

00-0

0-84

06-0

1-89

05-1

1-89

06-0

1-89

05-1

7-89

05-3

1-89

05

-16-

8906

-02-

8905

-18-

89

Lat

itude

42°1

5'08

" 42

°15'

48"

42°1

5'08

" 42

°15'

08"

42°1

5'08

"

42° 1

5' 49

"

42°1

5'34

"

42°1

5'47

"

42°1

4'58

"

42°1

6'15

"

42°1

5'34

"

42°1

5'28

"

42°1

5'32

"

42°1

5'37

"

42°1

5'30

"

42°1

6'09

"

42°1

6'08

"

42°1

6'10

"

42°1

6'10

"

42

°16

'ir

42°1

6'11

"42

°16'

10"

42°1

6'10

"

42°1

6'09

"

42°1

6'08

"

Lon

gitu

de

88°5

1'16

"

88°5

0'18

"

88°5

1'16

"

88°5

1'16

"

88°5

1'16

"

88°5

1'53

"

88°5

0'19

"

88°5

0'36

"

88°5

0'34

"

88°5

0'28

"

88°5

0'16

"

88°5

0'24

"

88°5

0'22

"

88°5

0'20

"

88°5

0'27

"

88°5

0'13

"

88°5

0'12

"

88°5

0'14

"

88°5

0'14

"

88°5

0'08

"

88°5

0'08

"

88°5

0'07

"

88°5

0'07

"

88°5

0'08

"

88°5

0'08

"

Lan

d-su

rfac

e al

titud

e, i

n fe

et a

bove

se

a le

vel

777.

2 76

5.8

777.

2 77

7.2

777.

2

772.

775

8.6

777.

179

8.6

781.

9

762.

077

1.4

761.

675

9.1

760.

8

783.

178

4.1

782.

778

2.9

783.

3

783.

478

4.1

784.

178

4.1

784.

3

Mea

suri

ng-

poin

t al

titud

e, in

fe

et a

bove

se

a le

vel1

777.

60

767.

36

780.

24

779.

90

779.

60

774.

5275

9.58

779.

5080

0.94

783.

46

764.

3077

3.88

763.

6575

9.77

763.

18

786.

1178

8.13

785.

3678

4.47

786.

29

785.

8878

6.64

78

6.02

787.

1778

6.17

Tota

l dep

th

of h

ole,

in

fee

t be

low

la

nd s

urfa

ce2

605

215

4364

.0

4364

.0

4364

.0

661,

860

1,80

061

086

8 44.6

50.5

55.0

70.5

50.5

29.5

34.5

25.0

35.4

27.5

38.0

28.6

41

.127

.735

.5

Ope

n or

sc

reen

ed

inte

rval

, in

fee

t bel

ow

land

sur

face

33.1

-605

27

.5-2

15

110.

0-11

5.0

246.

4-25

1.4

352.

8-35

7.8

56-6

650

-1,8

6015

2-1,

800

152-

610

110-

868

32.9

-37.

944

.6^9

.649

.9-5

4.9

54.1

-59.

042

.8-4

7.8

23.5

-28.

5

29.5

-34.

513

.9-2

4.4

30.4

-35.

422

.2-2

7.2

31.1

-36.

217

.7-2

8.2

36.1

-41.

116

.3-2

7.2

30.1

-35.

1

Aqu

ifer

to

whi

ch

wel

l or

bore

hole

is

ope

n

Ord

ovic

ian

Gal

ena-

Plat

tevi

lle

Gal

ena-

Plat

tevi

lle

Gal

ena-

Plat

tevi

lle

St. P

eter

San

dsto

ne

Gal

ena-

Plat

tevi

lleC

ambr

ian-

Ord

ovic

ian

Cam

bria

n-O

rdov

icia

nO

rdov

icia

n

Cam

bria

n-O

rdov

icia

n

Gla

cial

dri

ftG

laci

al d

rift

Gla

cial

dri

ftG

laci

al d

rift

Gla

cial

dri

ft

Gla

cial

dri

ftG

laci

al d

rift

Gla

cial

dri

ftG

alen

a-Pl

atte

ville

Gla

cial

dri

ft

Gla

cial

dri

ftG

laci

al d

rift

G

laci

al d

rift

Gla

cial

dri

ftG

laci

al d

rift

Tabl

e 1.

D

escr

iptio

n of

bor

ehol

es a

nd w

ells

in t

he g

roun

d-w

ater

-mon

itorin

g ne

twor

k in

and

nea

r B

elvi

dere

, III

. Con

tinue

d

Geologic,

Hydro

0

(Q D> Q. ja 6 Q) s: O

» & i o> a Q.

00

0 1 o 0> w Q) Q. 2.

5T 5" Q) Q.

0>

Q) 00 2. E

2> P Illinois,

Bor

ehol

e or

wel

l na

me

PCH

G11

5SPC

HG

115D

PCH

G11

5B

PCH

G11

5BD

PC

HG

115B

D

PCH

G11

6SPC

HG

116D

PCH

G11

7DPC

HG

119S

PCH

G11

9D

PCH

G12

0DPC

HG

122S

PCH

G12

2DPC

HG

123D

PCH

G12

5D

PCH

G12

5BPC

HG

125B

DPC

HG

125B

DPC

HG

126B

DPC

HG

126B

D

PCH

G12

7GP

PCH

G12

7GP

PCH

G12

7SP

PCH

G12

7SP

PCH

G12

8GP

Type

an

d in

stal

ler

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

BIE

PA

MIE

PA

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

MU

SGS

BIE

PAM

IEPA

BIE

PAM

IEPA

BU

SGS

MU

SGS

BU

SGS

MU

SGS

BU

SGS

Inst

alla

tion

date

06-0

6-89

05-1

5-89

05-2

3-89

07

-16-

90

11-2

0-90

06-0

6-89

05-2

5-89

08-1

6-90

08-3

1-90

08-3

0-90

07-2

7-90

08-3

0-90

08-2

9-90

08-2

3-90

08-2

8-90

06-0

6-91

10-1

6-90

12-0

7-90

10-1

1-90

12-0

1-90

04-2

7-91

12-1

1-91

12-0

8-91

12-1

3-91

10

-30-

93

Lat

itude

42°1

6'07

"42

°16'

07"

42°1

6'07

" 42

°16'

07"

42°1

6'07

"

42°1

6'09

"42

°16'

09"

42°1

6'07

"42

°16'

03"

42°1

6'03

"

42°1

6'08

"42

°16'

04"

42°1

6'04

"42

°16'

06"

42°1

6'08

"

42°1

6'08

"42

°16'

08"

42°1

6'08

"42

°16'

10"

42°1

6'10

"

42°1

6'Q

8"42

°16'

08"

42°1

6'08

"42

°16'

08"

42°1

6'15

"

Lon

gitu

de

88°5

0'11

"88

°50'

11"

88°5

0'11

" 88

°50'

11"

88°5

0'11

"

88°5

0'12

"88

°50'

12"

88°5

0'13

"88

°50'

10"

88°5

0'10

"

88°5

0'08

"88

°50'

14"

88°5

0'14

"88

°50'

16"

88°5

0'15

"

88°5

0'15

"88

°50'

15"

88°5

0'15

"88

°50'

13"

88°5

0'13

"

88°5

0'13

"88

°50'

13"

88°5

0'13

"88

°50'

13"

88°5

0'27

"

Lan

d-su

rfac

e al

titud

e, in

fe

et a

bove

se

a le

vel

782.

478

2.8

782.

5 78

2.5

782.

5

784.

778

4.4

782.

378

3.3

783.

4

782.

878

1.9

781.

978

2.4

783.

1

783.

078

3.0

783.

078

3.7

783.

7

783.

878

3.8

783.

578

3.5

782.

0

Mea

surin

g-

poin

t al

titud

e, in

fe

et a

bove

se

a le

vel1

784.

4578

5.16

785.

14

784.

48

787.

0878

7.17

784.

4978

5.24

785.

63

784.

8878

1.71

781.

8078

2.23

783.

02

782.

90-

782.

90-

784.

98

785.

20

785.

28

784.

20

Tota

l dep

th

of h

ole,

in

fee

t bel

ow

land

sur

face

2

20.6

37.8

49.0

15

1.8

151.

8

25.0

35.0

26.5

22.3

37.0

36.0

21.9

31.6

22.0

28.9

37.0

150.

915

0.9

152.

815

2.8

301.

030

1.0

394.

339

4.3

310.

0

Ope

n or

sc

reen

ed

Inte

rval

, in

fee

t bel

ow

land

sur

face

9.6-

20.1

32.8

-37.

843

.6-4

8.6

37.5

-151

.8

140.

6-15

1.5

19.6

-24.

628

.6-3

3.6

21.0

-26.

016

.8-2

1.8

31.5

-36.

5

30.1

-35.

116

.4-2

1.4

26.1

-31.

116

.5-2

1.5

23.4

-28.

4

31.2

-36.

231

.3-1

50.9

137.

4-14

7.7

29.3

-152

.814

1.0-

151.

3

41.0

-301

.052

88.9

-293

.935

.0-3

94.3

6370

.7-3

75.7

30

.0-3

10.0

Aqu

ifer

to w

hich

w

ell o

r bo

reho

le

is o

pen

Gla

cial

drif

tG

laci

al d

rift

Gal

ena-

Plat

tevi

lle

Gal

ena-

Plat

tevi

lle

Gal

ena-

Plat

tevi

lle

Gla

cial

drif

tG

laci

al d

rift

Gla

cial

drif

tG

laci

al d

rift

Gla

cial

drif

t

Gla

cial

drif

tG

laci

al d

rift

Gla

cial

drif

tG

laci

al d

rift

Gla

cial

drif

t

Gal

ena-

Plat

tevi

lleG

alen

a-Pl

atte

ville

Gal

ena-

Plat

tevi

lleG

alen

a-Pl

atte

ville

Gal

ena-

Plat

tevi

lle

Gal

ena-

Plat

tevi

lleG

alen

a-Pl

atte

ville

St. P

eter

San

dsto

neSt

. Pet

er S

ands

tone

G

alen

a-Pl

atte

ville

Tabl

e 1.

D

escr

iptio

n of

bor

ehol

es a

nd w

ells

in th

e gr

ound

-wat

er-m

onito

ring

netw

ork

in a

nd n

ear B

elvi

dere

, III

. Con

tinue

d

Bor

ehol

e or

wel

l na

me

PCH

G12

8GPS

PCH

G12

8GPD

PCH

P436

B

PCH

G43

6GPS

PCH

P436

BD

TW1

TW

24T

W30

TW

31T

W32

Typ

e an

d in

stal

ler

MU

SGS

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

TU

EPA

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

Inst

alla

tion

date

02-0

1-94

02-0

1-94

05-1

0-96

05-1

0-96

05-1

0-96

7-22

-93

7-20

-93

7-26

-93

7-19

-93

7-20

-93

Lat

itude

42° 1

6' 1

5"42

° 16'

15"

42°1

5'48

"

42°1

5'48

"42

°15'

48"

42°1

5'33

"

42°1

5'26

"42

°15'

38"

42°1

5'29

"42

°15'

28"

Lon

gitu

de

88°5

0'27

"88

°50'

27"

8805

(n8"

88°5

0'18

"88

°50'

18"

88°5

1'46

"

88°5

1'38

"88

°52'

14"

88°5

2'02

"88

°51'

46"

Lan

d-su

rfac

e al

titud

e, i

n fe

et a

bove

se

a le

vel

782.

078

2.0

765.

876

5.8

765.

8

766.

5875

3.33

749.

2875

0.51

756.

06

Mea

suri

ng-

poin

t al

titud

e, i

n fe

et a

bove

se

a le

vel1

785.

0578

4.74

767.

36 '

767.

3676

7.36

766.

5875

3.33

749.

2875

0.51

756.

06

Tota

l de

pth

of h

ole,

in

fee

t be

low

la

nd s

urfa

ce2

310.

031

0.0

200.

1

200.

120

0.1

21.0

12.0 9.0

15.0

14.0

Ope

n or

sc

reen

ed

inte

rval

, in

fee

t be

low

la

nd s

urfa

ce

116.

0-12

1.0

253.

5-25

8.5

30.0

-35.

010

2.3-

107.

319

5.0-

200.

0

19.0

-21.

0

10.0

-12.

07.

0-9.

07.

0-9.

012

.0-1

4.0

Aqu

ifer

to

whi

ch

wel

l or

bore

hole

is

ope

n

Gal

ena-

Plat

tevi

lleG

alen

a-Pl

atte

ville

Gal

ena-

Plat

tevi

lleG

alen

a-Pl

atte

ville

Gal

ena-

Plat

tevi

lle

Gla

cial

dri

ft

Gla

cial

drif

tG

laci

al d

rift

Gla

cial

dri

ftG

laci

al d

rift

Mea

suri

ng p

oint

is th

e to

p of

the

wel

l ris

er (c

asin

g).

2Tot

al d

epth

at t

ime

of s

ampl

ing;

dep

th m

ay d

iffe

r sl

ight

ly f

rom

the

dept

h at

tim

e of

dril

ling.

Unu

sed

priv

ate

wat

er-s

uppl

y w

ell (

bore

hole

).4W

ell d

rille

d in

192

4 to

a d

epth

of 6

05 f

eet b

elow

land

sur

face

; wel

l inf

illed

in J

anua

ry 1

995

with

ben

toni

te c

hips

to 3

64.0

fee

t. 5G

rave

l-pa

ck in

terv

al b

efor

e in

stal

latio

n of

the

over

lyin

g be

nton

ite s

eal w

as 2

79.2

-301

.0 f

eet b

elow

land

sur

face

. 6G

rave

l-pa

ck in

terv

al b

efor

e in

stal

latio

n of

the

over

lyin

g be

nton

ite s

eal w

as 3

61.9

-379

.2 f

eet b

elow

land

sur

face

.

Table 2. Summarized lithologic description of rock cores from selected boreholes in Belvidere,

in feet below Core description . _, name land surface

GALENA GROUP Dubuque/Wise Lake Formations

30.0-150 PCHG125B Dolomite: light brown to light gray; locally mottled; fine to medium crystalline; slightly vessicular PCHG115BD to vuggy; thin shaley partings; slightly fossiliferous, bioturbated

Dunleith Formation

150-213.9 PCHG127GP Dolomite: locally argillaceous; light brown, orange, or gray to medium gray; locally mottled; PCHG128GP medium to coarse crystalline; vessicular and vuggy; thin shaley partings; local chert, white to

brown; slightly pyritic; very slightly to very fossiliferous, bioturbated PLATTEVILLE GROUP Quimbys Mill Formation

213.9-225.9 PCHG128GP Dolomite: light brown to light gray; locally weakly mottled; very fine to fine crystalline; few vugs,thin shaley partings; few chert nodules; very slightly fossiliferous

Nachusa Formation

225.9-235.1 PCHG128GP Dolomite: grayish orange; mottled; fine to medium crystalline; large (up to 1 in.) interconnectedvugs; chert, light gray; fossiliferous, bioturbated

Grand Detour Formation235.1-280.7 PCHG128GP Dolomite: light orange to medium light gray; locally mottled; very fine to medium crystalline;

locally shaley partings; very slightly fossiliferous, bioturbated Mifflin Formation

280.7-306 PCHG128GP Dolomite with interbedded shales (15 percent of section): light gray with light brown and grayPCHG127SP interbeds; thin shales dark gray to black, red, yellowish brown; very fine to fine crystalline with

interbeds of coarse crystalline calcarenite; few vugs; locally fossiliferousPecatonica Formation

306-332.3 PCHG128GP Dolomite: gray to brown; mottled, light orange, gray; fine to medium crystalline; vessicular, vuggy; PCHG127SP shaley partings; rare pyrite; slightly fossiliferous, bioturbated

ANCELL GROUP Glenwood Formation

332.3-361.5 PCHG127SP Sandstone, dolomite: argillaceous, silty; light gray to brown, locally greenish; sandstone fine tocoarse, angular to rounded; dolomite fine crystalline, few vugs; locally pyritic, phosphatic; brecciated; slightly fossiliferous

St. Peter Sandstone

361.5-394.0 PCHG127GP Sandstone: light gray to white, locally greenish; fine to medium; subrounded to well rounded;quartzose, locally pyritic; friable, 25 percent intergranular porosity


Table 3. Stratigraphic classification of rock cores from selected boreholes in Belvidere,[na, not applicable, composite of core data from multiple boreholes]

Stratigraphic unit

Ordovician SystemGalena Group

Dubuque/Wise Lake FormationsDubuque/Wise Lake Formations

(includes Wyota and upper part of Loves ParkMember of the Dunleith Formation?)

Dunleith FormationLoves Park MemberFairplay Member

Eagle Point Member

Beecher Member

St. James Member

Buckhorn MemberPlatteville Group

Quimbys Mill FormationStrawbridge MemberSchullsburg MemberHazel Green Member

Nachusa FormationGrand Detour Formation

Forreston MemberStillman MemberCowen Member

Mifflin Formation

Pecatonica Formation(undifferentiated)

Ghana MemberAncell Group

Glenwood FormationHarmony Hill Shale MemberDaysville Dolomite MemberKingdom Sandstone Member

St. Peter SandstoneStarved Rock Sandstone Member

Depth to top of interval,

in feet below land surface

30.0^0.0141.6

150.04 150.0

160.51 175.0174.1177.0188.4185.6194.4191.6203.0213.9213.9213.9214.4223.2225.9235.1235.1256.5265.5280.7

^00.0305.4305.4306.2329.7332.3332.3332.3334.2360.2361.5361.5

Depth to bottom of interval,

in feet below land surface

213.9237.0

3 150.5

213.9160.5174.1177.0188.4185.6194.4191.6

2 199.5203.0213.9332.3225.9214.4223.2225.9235.1280.7256.5265.5280.7305.4306.2332.3

2311.0329.7332.3394.4361.5334.2360.2361.5394.0

2394.0

Borehole name

naPCHG125B

PCHG115BD

naPCHG127GPPCHG127GPPCHG128GPPCHG127GPPCHG128GPPCHG127GPPCHG128GPPCHG127GPPCHG128GPPCHG128GP

naPCHG128GPPCHG128GPPCHG128GPPCHG128GPPCHG128GPPCHG128GPPCHG128GPPCHG128GPPCHG128GPPCHG128GPPCHG127SP

naPCHG128GPPCHG127SPPCHG127SPPCHG127SPPCHG127SPPCHG127SPPCHG127SPPCHG127SPPCHG127SPPCHG127SP

'Topmost section of measured core sample. Represents incomplete Stratigraphic interval. Bottommost section of measured core sample. Represents incomplete Stratigraphic interval.

3Bottommost section of measured core sample. 'Topmost section of measured core sample.

Tables. 43

Table 4. Porosity of rock cores from selected boreholes in Belvidere,[--, not applicable]

Depth, in feet below land surface

30.0-30.335.4-35.7

41.7-42.0243.6-43.950.3-50.660.5-60.870.5-70.8

77.2-77.591.3-91.696.6-96.9

108.7-109.1121.0-121.3

127.0-127.4130.0-130.5138.7-139.0141.3-141.7148.5-148.7150.3-150.4150.4-150.5

157.0-157.3170.0-170.4179.7-179.9199.0-199.3

175.8-176.0178.8-179.0188.7-188.8198.0-198.3204.0-204.3

208.8-209.13 21 3.8-214.2218.8-219.0223.9-224.2226.4-226.8

231.1-231.4242.0-242.2251.0-251.3260.6-260.9268.5-268.8

Stratigraphic unitGroup

Galena..do.....

Galena..do.......do.......do.......do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

Galena..do.......do.......do.....

Galena..do.......do.......do.......do.....

..do.....Platteville

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

Formation

Dubuque/Wise Lake..do.......

Dubuque/Wise Lake..do.........do.........do.........do.......

..do.......

..do.......

..do.......

..do.......

..do.......

..do.......

..do.......

..do.......

..do.......

..do.......

..do.......

..do.......

Dunleith..do.........do.........do.......

Dunleith..do.........do.........do.........do.......

..do.......Quimbys Mill

..do.......

..do.......Nachusa

..do.......Grand Detour

..do.......

..do.......

..do.......

Member

Borehole PCHG125B---

Borehole PCHG115BD----- --

_ ~ --

_ - -

Borehole PCHG127GP

Loves ParkFairplay

Eagle PointSt. James

Borehole PCHG128GP

FairplayEagle Point

BeecherSt. JamesBuckhorn

BuckhornStrawbridgeSchullsburgHazel Green

--

_Forreston..do.......StillmanCowen

Unadjusted porosity (percent)

9.19.0

12.76.0

13.59.49.2

5.215.29.9

18.510.4

8.314.514.910.212.523.79.0

16.417.516.010.5

14.810.87.8

10.87.4

6.06.89.46.1

12.0

13.16.07.04.88.7

Second run Adjusted

unadjusted porosity1 porosity (percent) (percent)

10.49.2

12.96.5

14.210.110.0

4.8 5.316.210.3

18.9 19.311.0

8.715.015.510.8

14.1 13.424.811.0

16.617.8

16.0 16.410.8

14.811.28.0

12.17.5

6.16.89.46.1

12.1

13.26.07.04.88.8

Second run

adjusted porosity (percent)

----

-- --

5.0-~

19.6--

_

15.0 -

--

16.3--

---- --

-------

_-


Table 4. Porosity of rock cores from selected boreholes in Belvidere, III. Continued


282.7-283.0288.1-288.4296.0-296.3299.9-300.4305.4-305.8

43 10.7-3 11.0

300.0-300.3307.7-308.0315.5-315.8326.6-326.8330.0-330.4

332.7-333.0 335.0-335.4 343.2-343.5353.5-353.8360.5-360.7

360.7-361.1370.1-370.4380.0-380.3

Unadjusted porosity

Stratigraphic unit (percent)Group

Platteville..do.......do.......do.......do..... ..do.....

Platteville..do........do.......do.......do.....

Ancell ..do..... ..do.......do.......do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

Formation

Mifflin..do.........do.........do.......

Pecatonica ..do.......

MifflinPecatonica

..do.......

..do.......

..do.......

Glenwood ..do....... ..do.........do.........do.......

..do.......St. Peter Sandstone

..do.......

Member

Borehole PCHG128GP Continued

;;Borehole PCHG127SP

Ghana

Harmony Hill Shale Daysville Dolomite

..do.......

..do.......Kingdom Sandstone

..do.......Starved Rock Sandstone

..do.......

5.13.96.15.77.4 8.9

4.36.4

11.77.57.7

18.0 5.0

12.37.3

21.2

7.324.523.8

Second run Adjusted

unadjusted porosity1 porosity (percent) (percent)

5.14.06.15.77.4 8.9

4.5 4.56.4

12.07.57.8

18.1 5.1

13.9 12.37.3

21.4

7.424.623.9

Second run

adjusted porosity (percent)

;;4.7 --

13.9 --

_

'A qualitative scale from 1 to 5, representing "smooth" (1) to "very vuggy" (5) core surfaces, was used to approximate the percentage of pores open to the surface of the cores. The standard laboratory method used to determine porosity could not account for these core volumes.

2Porosity values may be higher because of possible error in measurement of core volume. 3Depth of 213.8-213.9 feet below land surface represents Buckhorn member of the Dunleith Formation. 4Measured depth of core. Total depth of borehole was 310.0 feet.

Table 4. 45

Table 5. Bulk density of rock cores from selected boreholes in Belvidere,[g/cm3 , grams per cubic centimeter; --, not applicable]

Depth, in feet below

land surfaceStratigraphic unit

Group Formation Member

Bulk density (g/cm3)

Second run

bulk density (g/cm3)

Borehole PCHG125B

30.0-30.335.4-35.7

Galena ..do.....

Dubuque/Wise Lake ..do.....

-- 2.5 2.6 ;;

Borehole PCHG115BD

41.7-42.0 U3.6-43.950.3-50.660.5-60.870.5-70.8

77.2-77.591.3-91.696.6-96.9

108.7-109.1121.0-121.3

127.0-127.4130.0-130.5138.7-139.0141.3-141.7148.5-148.7150.3-150.4150.4-150.5

Galena ..do.......do.......do.......do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

Dubuque/Wise Lake ..do.......do.......do.......do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

~

~ -

_ ~--

_ ----

2.2 1.22.52.52.6

2.72.42.52.32.5

2.62.42.42.62.42.02.6

-~-

2.7 .

2.3~

..

2.6 --

Borehole PCHG127GP

157.0-157.3170.0-170.4 179.7-179.9 199.0-199.3

Galena..do..... ..do..... ..do.....

Dunleith..do..... ..do..... ..do.....

Loves ParkFairplay

Eagle Point St. James

2.42.4 2.4 2.5

2.4

Borehole PCHG128GP

175.8-176.0 178.8-179.0 188.7-188.8198.0-198.3204.0-204.3

208.8-209.1 2213.8-214.2 218.8-219.0223.9-224.2226.4-226.8

Galena ..do..... ..do.......do.......do.....

..do..... Platteville

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

Dunleith ..do..... ..do.......do.......do.....

..do..... Quimbys Mill

..do.....

..do.....Nachusa

Fairplay Eagle Point


Buckhorn Strawbridge Schullsburg Hazel Green

-

2.6 2.5 2.62.52.6

2.6 2.6 2.5 2.62.5

--

--

--

Borehole PCHG128GP

231.1-231.4242.0-242.2251.0-251.3260.6-260.9268.5-268.8

Platteville, ..do.....^ ..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

NachusaGrand Detour

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

Forreston

..do.....StillmanCowen

2.42.62.62.72.6


Table 5. Bulk density of rock cores from selected boreholes in Belvidere, III Continued




Bulk density (g/cm3)

Second run

bulk density (g/cm3)

Borehole PCHG128GP Continued

282.7-283.0288.1-288.4296.0-296.3299.9-300.4305.4-305.8

33 10.7-3 11.0

Platteville..do.......do.......do.......do.......do.....

Mifflin..do.......do.......do.....

Pecatonica..do.....

- -

2.72.72.62.62.62.6

--~~__--

Borehole PCHG127SP

300.0-300.3307.7-308.0315.5-315.8326.6-326.8330.0-330.4

332.7-333.0335.0-335.4343.2-343.5353.5-353.8360.5-360.7

360.7-361.1370.1-370.4380.0-380.3

Platteville..do.......do.......do.......do.....

Ancell..do.......do.......do.......do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

MifflinPecatonica

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

Glenwood..do.......do.......do.......do.....

..do.....St. Peter Sandstone

..do.....

----

Ghana

Harmony Hill ShaleDaysville Dolomite

..do.....

..do.....Kingdom Sandstone

..do.....Starved Rock Sandstone

..do.....

2.72.62.52.62.6

2.22.72.42.62.2

2.62.12.0

2.9----~--

--

2.4---

-

Bulk density may be higher because of possible error in the measurement of the core volume. 2Depth of 213.8-213.9 feet below land surface represents the Buckhorn Member of the Dunleith Formation. 3Measured depth of core. Total depth of borehole was 310.0 feet.

Tables. 47

Table 6. Particle density of rock cores from selected boreholes in Belvidere,

[g/cm , grams per cubic centimeter; , not applicable]




Particle density (g/cm3)

Second run particle density (g/cm3)

Borehole PCHG125B30.0-30.3 35.4-35.7

Galena ..do.....

Dubuque/Wise Lake ..do.....

-- 2.8 2.8

--

Borehole PCHG115BD41.7-42.0 43.6-^3.950.3-50.660.5-60.870.5-70.8

77.2-77.591.3-91.696.6-96.9

108.7-109.1121.0-121.3

127.0-127.4130.0-130.5138.7-139.0

1 141. 3-141.7148.5-148.7150.3-150.4150.4-150.5

Galena ..do.......do.......do.......do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

Dubuque/Wise Lake ..do.......do.......do.......do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

-

_ -

_--- ~

2.8 2.82.82.82.8

2.82.82.82.82.8

2.82.82.81.82.82.62.8

--

2.8-

2.8--

_

2.8

Borehole PCHG127GP157.0-157.3170.0-170.4 179.7-179.9 199.0-199.3

Galena..do..... ..do..... ..do.....

Dunleith..do..... ..do..... ..do.....

Loves ParkFairplay

Eagle Point St. James

2.82.5 2.8 2.8

2.8

Borehole PCHG128GP175.8-176.0 178.8-179.0 188.7-188.8198.0-198.3204.0-204.3

208.8-209.1 2213.8-214.2 218.8-219.0223.9-224.2226.4-226.8

231.1-231.4242.0-242.2251.0-251.3260.6-260.9268.5-268.8

282.7-283.0288.1-288.4296.0-296.3 299.9-300.4 305.4-305.8

43 10.7-3 11.0

Galena ..do..... ..do.......do.......do.....

..do..... Platteville

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

Dunleith ..do..... ..do.......do.......do.....

..do..... Quimbys Mill

..do.....

..do.....Nachusa

..do.....Grand Detour

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

Mifflin..do.......do..... ..do.....

Pecatonica ..do.....

Fairplay Eagle Point


..do..... Strawbridge Schullsburg Hazel Green

--

_Forreston

..do.....StillmanCowen

_

--

2.8 2.8 2.82.82.8

2.83..

2.8 2.82.8

2.72.82.82.82.8

2.82.82.83..3..

2.8

--

--

--

--

_ - --

_

--


Table 6. Particle density of rock cores from selected boreholes in Belvidere, III. Continued




Particle density (g/cm3)

Second run particle density (g/cm3)

Borehole PCHG127SP300.0-300.3307.7-308.0315.5-315.8326.6-326.8330.0-330.4

332.7-333.0 1 335.0-335A343.2-343.5353.5-353.8360.5-360.7

360.7-361.1370.1-370.4380.0-380.3

Platteville..do.......do.......do.......do.....

Ancell ..do.......do.......do.......do.....

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

MifflinPecatonica

..do.....

..do.....

..do.....

Glenwood ..do.......do.......do.......do.....

..do.....St. Peter Sandstone

..do.....

Ghana

Harmony Hill Shale Daysville Dolomite

..do.....

..do.....Kingdom Sandstone

..do.....Starved Rock Sandstone

..do.....

2.82.82.82.82.7

2.7 2.02.72.72.6

2.82.62.6

2.8 --

--

2.7---

--

Particle density may be higher because of a possible error in the measurement of the saturated core suspended in water. 2Depth of 213.8-213.9 feet below land surface represents the Buckhorn Member of the Dunleith Formation. 3Value could not be determined. Core sample weight exceeded limits of the laboratory scale. 4Measured depth of core. Total depth of borehole was 310.0 feet.

Tables. 49

Geologic,

Hydrologic, and

Water-Quality

^ a D) K O 3 w (D (D S

(D a. 00 o (D

0 (D

(0 D)

Q. 1 (0 5" D) a. z 00 SL E (D ,3 o jo'

Tab

le 7

. B

oreh

ole

geop

hysi

cal l

ogs

and

sour

ce o

f log

s co

llect

ed in

Bel

vide

re,

III.[G

AM

, nat

ural

gam

ma;

CA

L, th

ree-

arm

cal

iper

; SP,

spo

ntan

eous

pot

entia

l; SP

R, s

ingl

e-po

int r

esis

tanc

e; R

ES(1

6N),

resi

stiv

ity 1

6-in

ch n

orm

al; R

ES(6

4N),

resi

stiv

ity 6

4-in

ch n

orm

al; R

ES(L

), la

tera

l re

sist

ivity

; RES

(FL)

, flu

id re

sist

ivity

; TEM

P, te

mpe

ratu

re; N

EUT(

N),

neut

ron,

nea

r; N

EUT(

F), n

eutro

n, fa

r; AT

, aco

ustic

tele

view

er; B

HF,

hea

t-pul

se b

oreh

ole

flow

met

er; B

VC

, bor

ehol

e vi

deo

cam

era;

U

SEPA

, U.S

. Env

ironm

enta

l Pro

tect

ion

Age

ncy;

X, l

og c

ompl

eted

; --,

no lo

g co

mpl

eted

; USG

S, U

.S. G

eolo

gica

l Sur

vey;

Y, l

og c

ompl

eted

by

seco

nd li

sted

age

ncy

unde

r "S

ourc

e of

geo

phys

ical

logs

"]

Bor

ehol

e or

w

ell n

ame

0030

5 00

436

BM

W2

PCH

G10

2 PC

HG

111S

PCH

G11

1DPC

HG

112S

PCH

G11

2D

PCH

G11

3SPC

HG

113D

PCH

G11

4SPC

HG

114D

PCH

G11

5S

PCH

G11

5D

PCH

G11

5BD

PCH

G11

6S

PCH

G11

6DPC

HG

122D

PCH

G12

5BD

PCH

G12

6BD

PCH

G12

7GP

PCH

G12

7SP

PCH

G12

8GP

Sour

ce o

f ge

ophy

sica

l lo

gs

USE

PA

USE

PA

USG

S/U

SEPA

USE

PA

USE

PA

USE

PAU

SEPA

USE

PA

USE

PAU

SEPA

USE

PAU

SEPA

USE

PA

USE

PA

USE

PA

USE

PA

USE

PAU

SEPA

USE

PAU

SEPA

USG

S/U

SEPA

U

SEPA

USG

S

GA

M

CA

L S

P

SPR

R

ES(

16N

)

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Xx x x x x x x x x x x X

X

X

X

x x x X

X

X

XX

X

X

X

X/Y

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

RE

S(64

N)

RE

S(L

) R

ES(

FL)

TEM

P N

EUT(

N)

NEU

T(F)

A

T B

HF

BV

C

X

....

x

-

-

~

-

X

X

X

XX

--

-X

XX

X

~

Y

X

/Y

-

X

X

X

_ .. - .. ..

.-X

X

-

--

-

-

X

- ..x x

Y

X/Y

-

X

X

X

..X

XX

X

X

X

X

X

XX

X

Table 8. Ground-penetrating radar interpreted reflectors from borehole PCHG127GP in Belvidere, III.

[Data collected and interpreted by Niva (1991), reinterpreted by John Lane, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1993; F, fracture; na, not applicable; , no data; BPF, bedding-plane fracture; P, point cavity or other undetermined feature]


l-59S3-245.3-150.9-127.3-52.2

11.249.950.277.496.4

101.7108.2123.7124.6141.7

143.0144.6145.0159.7175.8

187.0193.2209.6244.0256.5

274.2279.5282.4283.4284.4

286.3302.1307.0312.9670.1

Type of reflector

FFFFF

FF

BPFBPFBPF

BPFBPF

PBPF

P

FBPF

PPF

BPFP

BPFPF

BPFPFPP

FFFFF

Distance from borehole,

in feet

nanananana

nanananana

nana9.8na

12.8

nana

37.120.3na

na20.0na

32.1na

na37.4na

43.052.8

nanananana

Dip angle (degrees)

85.683.778.476.066.5

51.352.8

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0na.0

na

48.9.0

nana

69.8

.0na

.0na

10.2

.0na

46.3nana

63.271.032.861.784.2

Dip orientation (degrees)

N. 50 W.N. 160 W.

N.OW.

_-nana na

nanananana

_nanana

N. 90 E.

nanananana

nana nana

_N. 40 E.

N. 160W.N.OW.

N. 170W.

Strike orientation (degrees)

N. 140 W.N. 70 W.

~N. 90 W.

_ nanana

nanananana

_nanana

N. OE.

nanananana

nana~nana

_N. 50 W.N. 70 W.N. 90 W.N. 80 W.

Values represent projection of the fracture intercept with the borehole trace and fractures may not physically intercept the borehole.

Table 8. 51

Table 9. Ground-water-flow data from borehole PCHG128GP in Belvidere, III., November 11, 1993

[Table summarizes data from EL. Paillet, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1994; gal/min, gallons per minute; < , less than]


5080

110125130

140180200210225

240255265265280

292301250150100

6040

Flow direction

DownDownDownDownDown



DownNo flowDownDownDown

DownDown

Estimated ground-water-

flow rate1 (gal/min)

15.914.914.913.213.5

13.212.812.511.912.1

13.512.8

3.13.02.9

3.0<2

13.29.9

14.9

15.514.3

^ata collected from a borehole-heat-pulse flowmeter. Flow repre sents ambient vertical flow in the borehole open to the Galena-Platteville aquifer. Flow in the borehole was supplemented by flow from the overlying glacial drift aquifer. Supplemental flow was through one to four approximately 1-inch-diameter holes in the lower 5 feet of the 32-feet long steel surface casing. Outflow from the borehole was primarily through bedding-plane fractures at depths of about 121 feet (15 percent of outflow), 259 feet (65 percent of outflow), and 300 feet (20 percent of outflow) below land surface.


Tabl

e 10

. D

epth

to w

ater

and

wat

er-le

vel a

ltitu

de in

sel

ecte

d w

ells

in B

elvi

dere

, III

., 19

89-9

6[D

epth

to w

ater

in f

eet b

elow

top

of w

ell r

iser

; wat

er-l

evel

alti

tude

s in

fee

t abo

ve s

ea le

vel;

--, n

o da

ta; >

, gre

ater

than

; <, l

ess

than

. U

nles

s sp

ecif

ied,

wat

er le

vels

wer

e m

easu

red

by th

e U

.S. G

eolo

gica

l Sur

vey.

Wat

er le

vels

in P

CH

wel

ls o

n Ju

ne 2

6, 1

990

thro

ugh

Febr

uary

27,

1990

, Jul

y 11

, 19

90, a

nd O

ctob

er 1

4, 1

995

wer

e m

easu

red

by

Scie

nce

App

licat

ions

Int

erna

tiona

l Cor

pora

tion

(199

2; 1

996)

. Wat

er le

vels

in P

CH

wel

ls o

n M

ay 3

0,19

90 a

nd F

ebru

ary

21,1

991

wer

e m

easu

red

by th

e U

.S. E

nvir

onm

enta

l Pr

otec

tion

Age

ncy,

Reg

ion

5, C

hica

go, 1

11. (

Dou

glas

Yes

kis,

U.S

. Env

iron

men

tal P

rote

ctio

n A

genc

y, w

ritte

n co

mm

un.,

1991

)]

Dat

e m

easu

red

Dep

th

Wat

er-le

vel

to w

ater

al

titud

eD

ate

mea

sure

d

Wel

l AG

TG30

5GPS

102-

09-9

505

-16-

9505

-31-

9506

-01-

9506

-02-

95

06-1

4-95

05-0

7-96

05-0

8-96

05-1

0-96

08-2

9-96

09-1

9-96

03-2

4-93

07-2

0-93

01-1

2-93

07-2

1-93

07-2

2-93

05-3

0-94

09-2

3-94

06-1

4-95

09-2

0-96

07-1

9-93

06-0

1-94

09-2

2-94

05-0

8-96

08-2

7-96

09-1

2-96

34.5

933

.35

33.1

433

.24

33.3

3

33.4

434

.86

34.8

134

.03

33.8

234

.28

Wel

l BM

W2

5.75

4.62

Wel

l BM

W6

43.3

844

.69

45.2

649

.98

55.4

557

.10

52.5

7

Wel

l NSM

G10

38.

3911

.37

11.9

419

.99

11.0

8

11.3

5

745.

6574

6.89

747.

1074

7.00

746.

91

746.

8074

5.38

745.

4374

6.21

746.

4274

5.96

753.

8375

4.96

740.

0873

8.77

738.

2073

3.48

728.

0172

6.36

730.

89

755.

2675

2.28

751.

7174

3.66

752.

57

752.

30

^2-0

9-95

05-1

6-95

05-3

1-95

06-0

1-95

06-0

2-95

06-1

4-95

05-0

7-96

05-0

8-96

05-1

0-96

08-2

9-96

09-1

9-96

07-2

3-93

11-1

3-93

07-1

9-93

06-0

1-94

09-2

2-94

05-0

8-96

08-2

6-96 -

207-

20-9

320

6-02

-94

04-1

2-95

06-0

1-95

05-0

8-96

08-2

7-96

09-1

2-96

Dep

th

Wat

er-le

vel

to w

ater

al

titud

e

Wel

l AG

TG30

5GPD

47.5

753

.66

52.5

650

.40

54.9

9

49.6

459

.12

59.2

659

.40

50.0

555

.46

Wel

l BM

W4

>200 55

.80

Wel

l NSM

G10

18.

7111

.69

12.0

617

.70

11.4

8 -

Wel

l NSM

G10

43.

76.

77.

316.

4022

.51

7.24

7.53

732.

3372

6.24

727.

3472

9.50

724.

91

730.

2672

0.78

720.

6472

0.50

729.

8572

4.44

<579

.572

3.70

755.

5975

2.61

752.

2474

6.60

752.

82 -

755.

475

2.4

752.

4675

3.37

737.

26

752.

5375

2.24

Dat

e m

easu

red

Dep

th

Wat

er-le

vel

to w

ater

al

titud

e

Wel

l A

GT

G30

5SP

^2-0

9-95

05-1

6-95

05-3

1-95

06-0

1-95

06-0

2-95

06-1

4-95

05-0

7-96

05-0

8-96

05-1

0-96

08-2

9-96

09-1

9-96

06-1

4-95

08-2

9-96

07-1

9-93

06-0

1-94

09-2

2-94

05-0

8-96

08-2

7-96

- -

07-1

9-93

06-0

1-94

09-2

2-94

06-0

1-95

06-1

4-95

05-0

8-96

08-2

7-96

09-1

2-96

66.1

166

.42

65.8

166

.09

66.1

8

66.9

165

.39

65.4

165

.13

65.6

866

.71

Wel

l BM

W5

76.5

174

.20

Wel

l NSM

G10

218

.09

21.3

121

.89

28.2

621

.13

-

Wel

l NSM

G10

57.

8910

.90

11.4

69.

639.

67

18.1

910

.66

10.9

1

713.

4971

3.18

713.

7971

3.51

713.

42

712.

6971

4.21

714.

1971

4.47

713.

9271

2.89

724.

4372

6.74

755.

7975

2.57

751.

9974

5.62

752.

75 -

755.

2975

2.28

751.

7275

3.55

753.

51

744.

9975

2.52

752.

27

Tabl

e 10

. D

epth

to w

ater

and

wat

er-le

vel a

ltitu

de in

sel

eted

wel

ls in

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

19

89

-96

Co

ntin

ue

d

o

o_

o (Q o'

I

O o (Q J5" D> a I O c D> CD

O 3 o

Dat

e m

easu

red

06-2

6-89

07-2

6-89

08-2

5-89

09-2

6-89

10-3

0-89

11-2

7-89

01-0

4-90

01-3

0-90

02-2

7-90

05-3

0-90

07-1

1-90

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

-- -- _ - _

Dep

th

Wat

er-l

evel

to

wat

er

altit

ude

Wel

l PC

HG

102

25.8

026

.00

24.9

024

.40

27.6

0

25.8

026

.40

26.4

526

.00

23.9

1

22.6

921

.50

21.8

222

.54

22.8

0

23.1

7 - _ ~ - _

Dat

e m

easu

red

Dep

th

to w

ater

Wat

er-l

evel

al

titud

eD

ate

mea

sure

d

Wel

l PC

HG

103

760.

3176

0.11

761.

2176

1.71

758.

51

760.

3175

9.71

759.

6676

0.11

762.

20

763.

4276

4.61

764.

2976

3.57

763.

31

762.

94 - -- _ - _ -

06-2

6-89

07-2

6-89

08-2

5-89

09-2

6-89

10-3

0-89

11-2

7-89

01-0

4-90

01-3

0-90

02-2

7-90

05-3

0-90

07-1

1-90

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

- _ - - _

27.9

328

.00

27.3

026

.65

25.4

5

27.9

528

.45

28.4

528

.10

26.2

9

25.0

123

.81

24.1

924

.85

25.1

4

25.4

5~ - _ - _ -

760.

2076

0.13

760.

8376

1.48

762.

68

760.

1875

9.68

759.

6876

0.03

761.

84

763.

1276

4.32

763.

9476

3.28

762.

99

762.

68- - _ -- -- ~ ~

06-2

6-89

07-1

1-89

07-2

6-89

08-1

5-89

08-2

5-89

09-2

6-89

10-3

0-89

11-2

7-89

01-0

4-90

01-3

0-90

02-2

7-90

05-3

0-90

07-1

1-90

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

04-2

9-91

..do.

....

07-1

0-91

07-1

4-92

09-1

0-92

11-1

2-92

12-2

1-92

07-1

9-93

05-3

0-95

05-0

8-96

Dep

th

to w

ater

Wel

lPC

HG

111S

23.4

423

.55

23.5

019

.75

20.5

0

20.3

423

.15

23.5

524

.10

24.2

0

23.3

519

.67

19.4

818

.61

19.2

0

19.6

019

.65

19.8

320

.01

19.0

1

19.0

419

.45

21.3

019

.99

19.7

3

19.7

414

.33

19.6

120

.58

Wat

er-l

evel

al

titud

e

761.

9276

1.81

761.

8676

5.61

764.

86

765.

0276

2.21

761.

8176

1.26

761.

16

762.

0176

5.69

765.

8876

6.75

766.

16

765.

7676

5.71

765.

5376

5.35

766.

35

766.

3276

5.91

764.

0676

5.37

765.

63

765.

6277

1.03

765.

7576

4.78

Tabl

e 10

. D

epth

to w

ater

and

wat

er-le

vel a

ltitu

de in

sel

eted

wel

ls in

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

19

89

-96

Co

ntin

ue

d

Dat

e m

easu

red

Dep

th

to w

ater

Wat

er-l

evel

al

titud

eD

ate

mea

sure

d

Wel

lPC

HG

111D

06-2

6-89

07-1

1-89

07-2

6-89

08-1

5-89

08-2

5-89

09-2

6-89

10-3

0-89

11-2

7-89

01-0

4-90

01-3

0-90

02-2

7-90

05-3

0-90

07-1

1-90

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

04-2

9-91

..do.

....

07-1

0-91

07-1

4-92

09-1

0-92

11-1

2-92

12-2

1-92

07-1

9-93

05-3

0-95

10-1

4-95

05-0

8-96

09-1

2-96

22.5

422

.71

22.6

521

.27

21.8

0

21.5

322

.40

22.7

523

.35

23.3

5

23.0

521

.28

19.8

418

.26

18.7

8

19.2

819

.48

19.8

020

.08

18.5

6

18.5

618

.73

20.7

620

.32

20.7

7

19.9

113

.46

19.4

620

.37

22.0

618

.18

761.

9376

1.76

761.

8276

3.20

762.

67

762.

9476

2.07

761.

7276

1.12

761.

12

761.

4276

3.19

764.

6376

6.21

765.

69

765.

1976

4.99

764.

6776

4.39

765.

91

765.

9176

5.74

763.

7176

4.15

763.

70

764.

5677

1.01

765.

0176

4.10

762.

4176

6.29

06-2

6-89

07-1

1-89

07-2

6-89

08-1

5-89

08-2

5-89

09-2

6-89

10-3

0-89

11-2

7-89

01-0

4-90

01-3

0-90

02-2

7-90

05-3

0-90

07-1

1-90

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

07-1

0-91

_ ~ -- - _ «

Dep

th

to w

ater

Wat

er-l

evel

al

titud

eD

ate

mea

sure

d

Wel

l PC

HG

112S

24.5

825

.08

24.3

023

.06

23.2

5

23.4

424

.60

25.0

025

.70

25.3

0

24.7

522

.89

21.7

620

.26

21.2

7

20.8

821

.64

21.9

022

.60

21.7

0

_ - _ -.

761.

7176

1.21

761.

9976

3.23

763.

04

762.

8576

1.69

761.

2976

0.59

760.

99

761.

5476

3.40

764.

53'

766.

0376

5.02

765.

4176

4.65

764.

3976

3.69

764.

59

_ ~ _ ~ ~

06-2

6-89

07-1

1-89

07-2

6-89

08-1

5-89

08-2

5-89

09-2

6-89

10-3

0-89

11-2

7-89

01-0

4-90

01-3

0-90

02-2

7-90

05-3

0-90

07-1

1-90

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

07-1

0-91

10-1

4-95

~ ~ -- _ - -

Dep

th

to w

ater

Wel

l PC

HG

112D

25.1

025

.30

25.2

023

.80

24.1

5

23.8

924

.75

25.2

025

.75

25.7

0

25.3

523

.52

22.1

620

.60

21.2

2

21.6

822

.01

22.2

622

.76

21.7

7

22.9

7 -- - _ -- --

Wat

er-l

evel

al

titud

e

760.

7876

0.58

760.

6876

2.08

761.

73

761.

9976

1.13

760.

6876

0.13

760.

18

760.

5376

2.36

763.

7276

5.28

764.

66

764.

2076

3.87

763.

6276

3.12

764.

11

762.

91 ~ - ~ .. - -- -- -

Tabl

e 10

. D

epth

to w

ater

and

wat

er-le

vel a

ltitu

de in

sel

eted

wel

ls in

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

1989-9

6 C

ontin

ued

o (O f> o (O o' a 0> S 3 w 2. I DO

O 0> a

a> 3

0> a

Dat

e m

easu

red

06-2

6-89

07-1

1-89

07-2

6-89

08-1

5-89

08-2

5-89

09-2

6-89

10-3

0-89

11-2

7-89

01-0

4-90

01-3

0-90

02-2

7-90

05-3

0-90

07-1

1-90

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

07-1

0-91

10-1

4-95

05-0

8-96

06-2

6-89

07-1

1-89

07-2

6-89

08-1

5-89

08-2

5-89

09-2

6-89

10-3

0-89

11-2

7-89

01-0

4-90

01-3

0-90

Dep

th

Wat

er-le

vel

to w

ater

al

titud

e

Wel

lPC

HG

113S

26.2

526

.48

26.5

025

.01

25.2

5

24.9

825

.85

26.2

526

.80

26.8

5

26.4

524

.72

23.1

821

.60

22.2

9

22.8

123

.18

23.3

823

.99

22.9

0

24.1

225

.86

Wel

lPC

HG

114D

25.6

625

.84

25.8

024

.36

24.6

5

24.3

625

.35

25.7

526

.20

26.2

5

760.

3976

0.16

760.

1476

1.63

761.

39

761.

6676

0.79

760.

3975

9.84

759.

79

760.

1976

1.92

763.

4676

5.04

764.

35

763.

8376

3.46

763.

2676

2.65

763.

74

762.

5276

0.78

760.

5176

0.33

760.

3776

1.81

761.

52

761.

8176

0.82

760.

4275

9.97

759.

92

Dat

e m

easu

red

06-2

6-89

07-1

1-89

07-2

6-89

08-1

5-89

08-2

5-89

09-2

6-89

10-3

0-89

11-2

7-89

01-0

4-90

01-3

0-90

02-2

7-90

05-3

0-90

07-1

1-90

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

07-1

0-91

10-1

4-95

05-0

8-96

06-2

6-89

07-1

1-89

07-2

6-89

08-1

5-89

08-2

5-89

09-2

6-89

10-3

0-89

11-2

7-89

01-0

4-90

01-3

0-90

Dep

th

Wat

er-le

vel

to w

ater

al

titud

e

Wel

lPC

HG

113D

25.6

225

.83

25.6

524

.35

24.6

0

24.3

625

.25

25.6

526

.30

26.2

0

25.9

524

.72

22.5

521

.01

21.6

8

22.1

822

.55

22.7

723

.35

22.3

6

23.5

025

.25

Wel

lPC

HG

115S

17.0

517

.55

17.1

515

.38

16.0

5

16.2

917

.60

18.2

518

.30

17.4

0

760.

4076

0.19

760.

3776

1.67

761.

42

761.

6676

0.77

760.

3775

9.72

759.

82

760.

0776

1.30

763.

4776

5.01

764.

34

763.

8476

3.47

763.

2576

2.67

763.

66

762.

5276

0.77

767.

4076

6.90

767.

3076

9.07

768.

40

768.

1676

6.85

766.

2076

6.15

767.

05

Dat

e m

easu

red

06-2

6-89

07-1

1-89

07-2

6-89

08-1

5-89

08-2

5-89

09-2

6-89

10-3

0-89

11-2

7-89

01-0

4-90

01-3

0-90

02-2

7-90

05-3

0-90

07-1

1-90

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

07-1

0-91

10-1

4-95

-

06-2

6-89

07-1

1-89

07-2

6-89

08-1

5-89

08-2

5-89

09-2

6-89

10-3

0-89

11-2

7-89

01-0

4-90

01-3

0-90

Dep

th

Wat

er-le

vel

to w

ater

al

titud

e

Wel

lPC

HG

114S

21.4

622

.00

21.2

019

.96

20.2

5

20.4

521

.40

21.7

022

.00

21.6

5

21.3

019

.89

19.6

019

.20

19.8

7

20.1

624

.43

20.6

020

.68

20.7

7

21.7

3-

Wel

lPC

HG

115D

25.0

025

.17

25.1

023

.70

24.0

5

23.7

024

.55

25.0

025

.50

25.5

0

765.

7176

5.17

765.

9776

7.21

766.

92

766.

7276

5.77

765.

4776

5.17

765.

52

765.

8776

7.28

767.

5776

7.97

767.

30

767.

0176

2.74

766.

5776

6.49

766.

40

765.

44~

760.

1675

9.99

760.

0676

1.46

761.

11

761.

4676

0.61

760.

1675

9.66

759.

66

Tab

le 1

0.

Dep

th t

o w

ater

and

wat

er-le

vel

altit

ude

in s

elet

ed w

ells

in B

elvi

dere

, III

., 1

98

9-9

6 C

on

tinu

ed

Dat

e m

easu

red W

ell

02-2

7-90

05-3

0-90

07-1

1-90

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

07-1

0-91

10-1

4-95

~ ~ _ ~ - ~ _ -

Dep

th

to w

ater

Wat

er-l

evel

al

titud

e

PC H

G11

4D C

ontin

ued

25.8

023

.97

22.7

821

.61

22.0

2

22.6

522

.95

23.2

223

.72

22.7

0

23.9

5 ~ - _ « - -- _ « --

760.

3776

2.20

763.

3976

4.56

764.

15

763.

5276

3.22

762.

9576

2.45

763.

47

762.

22 - - _ ~ _

Dat

e m

easu

red W

ell

02-2

7-90

05-3

0-90

07-1

1-90

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

04-2

9-91

..do.

....

07-1

0-91

07-1

4-92

09-1

0-92

11-0

9-92

11-1

2-92

11-1

3-92

..do.

....

07-1

9-93

05-3

0-95

10-1

4-95

05-0

8-96

Dep

th

to w

ater

Wat

er-l

evel

al

titud

e

PC

HG

115S

Con

tinue

d17

.05

15.7

915

.45

14.4

616

.15

16.5

816

.47

16.3

316

.55

16.0

4

16.0

617

.34

16.9

615

.72

16.7

8

16.6

916

.55

16.5

114

.22

16.0

1

17.0

117

.42

767.

4076

8.66

769.

0076

9.99

768.

30

767.

8776

7.98

768.

1276

7.90

768.

41

768.

3976

7.11

767.

4976

8.73

767.

67

767.

7676

7.90

767.

9477

0.23

768.

44

767.

4476

7.03

Dat

e m

easu

red

Wel

l02

-27-

9005

-30-

9007

-11-

9008

-24-

9009

-10-

90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

04-2

9-91

..do.

....

07-1

0-91

07-1

4-92

09-1

0-92

11-0

9-92

11-1

2-92

11-1

3-92

..do.

....

07-1

9-93

..do.

....

07-2

7-93

06-0

3-94

05-3

0-95

10-1

4-95

05-0

8-96

Dep

th

to w

ater

Wat

er-le

vel

altit

ude

PCH

G1

1 5D

Con

tinue

d25

.15

23.2

822

.07

20.9

121

.30

21.9

422

.24

22.5

422

.98

21.3

7

21.4

022

.30

23.3

123

.04

23.2

4

23.1

523

.14

23.1

317

.03

17.0

2

17.1

621

.50

22.1

023

.07

24.6

3

760.

0176

1.88

763.

0976

4.25

763.

86

763.

2276

2.92

762.

6276

2.18

763.

79

763.

7676

2.86

761.

8576

2.12

761.

92

762.

0176

2.02

762.

0376

8.13

768.

14

768.

0076

3.66

763.

0676

2.09

760.

53

Tabl

e 10

. D

epth

to w

ater

and

wat

er-le

vel a

ltitu

de in

sel

eted

wel

ls in

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

19

89

-96

Co

ntin

ue

d

o A g_ o ca a

3 o ca o" o> a 5

to 6 SL

3

D 0)

Dat

e m

easu

red

06-2

6-89

07-1

1-89

07-2

6-89

08-1

5-89

08-2

5-89

09-2

6-89

10-3

0-89

11-2

7-89

01-0

4-90

01-3

0-90

02-2

7-90

05-3

0-90

07-1

1-90

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

04-2

9-91

..do.

....

07-1

0-91

07-1

4-92

..do.

....

07-2

2-92

09-1

0-92

09-2

4-92

..do.

....

10-1

6-92

11-1

2-92

07-1

9-93

05-3

0-95

05-0

8-96

Dep

th

Wat

er-l

evel

to

wat

er

altit

ude

Wel

lPC

HG

115B

25.0

325

.29

25.1

523

.79

24.1

5

23.7

624

.60

25.0

525

.60

25.6

0

25.1

523

.34

22.1

420

.99

21.3

4

22.0

022

.28

22.5

623

.06

21.5

1

21.5

220

.85

23.5

123

.43

23.2

5

23.1

822

.64

22.6

422

.05

23.2

0

17.1

122

.17

24.6

8

Dat

e m

easu

red

Dep

th

to w

ater

Wat

er-l

evel

al

titud

eD

ate

mea

sure

d

Wel

lPC

HG

115B

D76

0.11

759.

8575

9.99

761.

3576

0.99

761.

3876

0.54

760.

0975

9.54

759.

54

759.

9976

1.80

763.

0076

4.15

763.

80

763.

1476

2.86

762.

5876

2.08

763.

63

763.

6276

4.29

761.

6376

1.71

761.

89

761.

9676

2.50

762.

5076

3.09

761.

94

768.

0376

2.97

760.

46

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

07-1

0-91

04-2

9-91

..do.

....

07-1

4-92

..do.

....

07-2

2-92

..do.

....

09-1

0-92

10-2

6-92

11-1

2-92

07-1

9-93

12-0

7-94

05-3

0-95

05-0

8-96

09-2

3-96

10-2

5-96

10-2

8-96

10-2

9-96

_ - _ - _

29.8

233

.90

34.2

531

.68

32.7

0

37.4

335

.82

37.0

436

.25

37.4

7

25.4

331

.36

27.4

434

.54

33.7

4

34.9

631

.06

31.7

530

.48

30.9

1

_ - - _ - _

754.

6675

0.58

750.

2375

2.80

751.

78

747.

0574

8.66

747.

4474

8.23

747.

01

759.

0575

3.12

757.

0474

9.94

750.

74

749.

5275

3.42

752.

7375

4.00

753.

57

_ - _ « - _

06-2

6-89

07-1

1-89

07-2

6-89

08-1

5-89

08-2

5-89

09-2

6-89

10-3

0-89

11-2

7-89

01-0

4-90

01-3

0-90

02-2

7-90

05-3

0-90

07-1

1-90

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

04-2

9-91

..do.

....

07-1

0-91

11-1

2-92

07-1

9-93

..do.

....

07-2

7-93

06-0

3-94

05-3

0-95

05-0

8-96

- _

Dep

th

to w

ater

Wel

lPC

HG

116S

24.2

224

.13

24.0

022

.93

23.4

0

23.0

523

.80

23.6

024

.55

24.2

0

24.1

022

.88

22.0

321

.11

21.7

4

22.4

422

.49

22.4

823

.01

21.6

3

21.6

622

.60

22.0

417

.75

17.7

5

17.8

922

.01

21.9

723

.73

-- _

Wat

er-l

evel

al

titud

e

762.

8676

2.95

763.

0876

4.15

763.

68

764.

0376

3.28

763.

4876

2.53

762.

88

762.

9876

4.20

765.

0576

5.97

765.

34

764.

6476

4.59

764.

6076

4.07

765.

45

765.

4276

4.48

765.

0476

9.33

769.

33

769.

1976

5.07

765.

1176

3.35

- _

Tabl

e 10

. D

epth

to w

ater

and

wat

er-le

vel a

ltitu

de in

sel

eted

wel

ls in

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

19

89

-96

Co

ntin

ue

d

Dat

e m

easu

red

Dep

th

to w

ater

Wat

er-l

evel

al

titud

eD

ate

mea

sure

d

Wel

lPC

HG

116D

06-2

6-89

07-1

1-89

07-2

6-89

08-1

5-89

08-2

5-89

09-2

6-89

10-3

0-89

11-2

7-89

01-0

4-90

01-3

0-90

02-2

7-90

05-3

0-90

07-1

1-90

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

04-2

9-91

..do.

....

07-1

0-91

11-1

2-92

07-1

9-93

05-3

1-94

05-3

0-95

10-1

4-95

05-0

8-96

26.9

827

.23

27.1

025

.75

26.1

0

25.6

826

.55

27.0

027

.50

27.5

0

27.1

025

.33

24.0

122

.84

23.2

0

23.8

724

.18

24.4

825

.01

23.3

2

23.3

424

.07

25.0

818

.88

23.3

5

24.0

225

.15

26.5

6

760.

1975

9.94

760.

0776

1.42

761.

07

761.

4976

0.62

760.

1775

9.67

759.

67

760.

0776

1.84

763.

1676

4.33

763.

97

763.

3076

2.99

762.

6976

2.16

763.

85

763.

8376

3.10

762.

0976

8.29

763.

82

763.

1576

2.02

760.

61

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

04-2

9-91

..do.

....

07-1

0-91

07-1

9-93

05-3

0-95

10-1

4-95

05-0

8-96

-- _ ~ - _ - - _

Dep

th

to w

ater

Wat

er-l

evel

al

titud

eD

ate

mea

sure

d

Wel

lPC

HG

117D

19.8

820

.20

20.8

821

.19

21.5

3

22.1

520

.40

20.4

621

.32

15.9

9

21.1

822

.37

23.8

6 - _ ~ _ - _

764.

6176

4.29

763.

6176

3.30

762.

96

762.

3476

4.09

764.

0376

3.17

768.

50

763.

3176

2.12

760.

63 ~ _ ~ _ - - _

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

07-1

0-91

07-1

9-93

05-3

0-95

10-1

4-95

05-0

8-96

_ - _ - _ - _

Dep

th

to w

ater

Wel

lPC

HG

119S

22.3

723

.11

23.4

3D

ryD

ry

Dry

19.2

5D

ryD

ryD

ry _ - _ ~ _ - _

Wat

er-l

evel

al

titud

e

762.

8776

2.13

761.

81<7

61.5

..do.

....

..do.

....

765.

99<7

61.5

..do.

....

..do.

....

_ ~ ~ -- _ - _ - ~ ~ _

Si

CT

(D

§Ta

ble

10.

Dep

th to

wat

er a

nd w

ater

-leve

l alti

tude

in s

elet

ed w

ells

in B

elvi

dere

, III

., 1

98

9-9

6 C

on

tinu

ed

o o 03 a

3 o (Q 0> a I 6 0)

Dat

e m

easu

red

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

07-1

0-91

07-1

9-93

05-3

0-95

10-1

4-95

05-0

8-96

-

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

07-1

0-91

10-1

4-95

~ ~ ~

07-1

4-92

09-1

0-92

09-2

4-92

11-1

3-92

07-1

9-93

Dep

th

Wat

er-le

vel

to w

ater

al

titud

e

Wel

lPC

HG

119D

21.9

522

.61

22.9

523

.24

23.8

6

23.0

518

.10

22.9

824

.14

25.3

3-

Wel

l PC

HG

122D

17.8

818

.57

18.8

719

.16

19.7

6

18.8

019

.87

-

Wel

l PC

HG

125B

20.8

420

.55

19.9

220

.64

14.2

1

763.

6876

3.02

762.

6876

2.39

761.

77

762.

5876

7.53

762.

6576

1.49

760.

30-

763.

9276

3.23

762.

9376

2.64

762.

04

763.

0076

1.93

~ -

762.

0676

2.35

762.

9876

2.26

768.

69

Dat

e m

easu

red

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

07-1

0-91

07-1

9-93

05-3

0-95

10-1

4-95

05-0

8-96

08-2

4-90

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

07-1

0-91

-

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

04-2

9-91

..do.

....

07-1

0-91

Dep

th

Wat

er-le

vel

to w

ater

al

titud

e

Wel

l PC

HG

120D

20.6

020

.99

21.6

122

.92

22.3

4

22.6

821

.85

16.6

321

.78

22.9

124

.26

Wel

l PC

HG

123D

17.3

417

.59

17.7

117

.90

18.0

4

18.3

116

.75

-

Wel

l PC

HG

125B

D23

.04

24.8

725

.68

30.8

625

.96

764.

2876

3.89

763.

2776

1.96

762.

54

762.

2076

3.03

768.

2576

3.10

761.

9776

0.62

764.

8976

4.64

764.

5276

4.33

764.

19

763.

9276

5.48

~ -

759.

8675

8.03

757.

2275

2.04

756.

94

Dat

e m

easu

red

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

07-1

0-91

10-1

4-95

--

09-1

0-90

10-1

5-90

11-1

2-90

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

04-2

9-91

..do.

....

07-1

0-91

07-1

4-92

11-1

3-92

07-1

9-93

10-1

4-95

12-0

3-90

02-2

1-91

04-2

9-91

07-1

0-91

07-1

4-92

Dep

th

Wat

er-le

vel

to w

ater

al

titud

e

Wel

l PC

HG

122S

18.6

419

.27

19.7

820

.11

20.7

0

19.8

520

.81

-

Wel

l PC

HG

125D

18.5

018

.89

19.2

919

.46

20.1

1

18.4

718

.52

19.3

620

.26

20.2

813

.77

20.4

5

Wel

l PC

HG

126B

D25

.32

27.8

526

.65

27.7

029

.88

763.

0776

2.44

761.

9376

1.60

761.

01

761.

8676

0.90

-

764.

5276

4.13

763.

7376

3.56

762.

91

764.

5576

4.50

763.

6676

2.76

762.

7476

9.25

762.

57

759.

6675

7.13

758.

3375

7.28

755.

10

<JU I

Tabl

e 10

. D

epth

to w

ater

and

wat

er-le

vel a

ltitu

de in

sel

eted

wel

ls in

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

1989

-96

Con

tinue

d

Dat

e m

easu

red

Dep

th

to w

ater

Wat

er-le

vel

altit

ude

Wel

l PC

HG

125B

Con

tinue

d05

-08-

96 - _ -

22.2

7 - _ -

760.

63 - - ~ _ -

Dat

e m

easu

red

Dep

th

Wat

er-le

vel

to w

ater

al

titud

e

Wel

l PC

HG

125B

D C

ontin

ued

07-1

4-92

07-2

2-92

09-1

0-92

09-2

4-92

..do.

....

10-1

6-92

07-1

9-93

05-0

8-96

Wel

l PC

HG

127G

P01

-06-

9201

-30-

9207

-14-

92..d

o....

.07

-22-

92

..do.

....

09-1

0-92

09-2

5-92

..do.

....

10-1

6-92

11-1

2-92

11-1

3-92

..do.

....

07-2

0-93

05-3

0-95

..do.

....

05-0

8-96

09-1

2-96

09-1

9-96

..do.

...09

-25-

96

49.5

468

.02

56.9

655

.12

56.7

56.1

256

.17

70.7

382

.22

58.3

2

50.8

452

.76

71.6

948

.41

65.6

5

66.3

559

.56

65.6

063

.49

70.4

163

.0

735.

6671

7.18

728.

2473

0.08

728.

5

729.

0872

9.03

714.

4770

2.98

726.

88

734.

3673

2.44

713.

5173

6.79

719.

55

718.

8572

5.64

719.

6072

1.71

714.

7972

2.2

01-0

6-92

01-3

0-92

07-1

4-92

..do.

....

07-2

2-92

..do.

....

09-1

0-92

10-1

6-92

11-0

9-92

11-1

2-92

11-1

3-92

..do.

....

07-1

9-93

05-3

1-94

05-3

0-95

05-0

8-96

09-1

2-96

09-1

9-96

..do.

....

09-2

5-96

26.1

523

.19

27.2

026

.98

27.2

2

26.5

018

.28

26.5

1

Wel

l PC

HG

127S

P59

.79

62.8

370

.27

69.2

570

.64

70.3

571

.54

70.0

462

.20

62.2

4

63.0

863

.59

59.6

262

.49

63.4

2

63.6

564

.78

64.9

464

.95

67.1

0

756.

7575

9.71

755.

7075

5.92

755.

68

756.

4076

4.62

756.

39

725.

4972

2.45

715.

0171

6.03

714.

64

714.

9371

3.74

715.

2472

3.08

723.

04

722.

2072

1.69

725.

6672

2.79

721.

86

721.

6372

0.50

720.

3472

0.33

718.

18

Dat

e m

easu

red

Dep

th

Wat

er-le

vel

to w

ater

al

titud

e

Wel

l PC

HG

126B

D C

ontin

ued

07-2

2-92

09-1

0-92

11-1

2-92

07-1

9-93

12-0

7-94

05-3

0-95

05-0

8-96

09-1

2-96

Wel

l^2

-1 5

-94

^6-0

2-94

06-0

3-94

..do.

....

06-1

6-94

09-2

1-94

..do.

....

04-1

2-95

05-1

7-95

..do.

....

05-1

8-95

06-0

1-95

06-1

4-95

05-0

8-96

08-2

9-96

09-2

0-96

10-1

7-96

- - ~

23.1

931

.81

27.2

821

.37

29.2

1

28.7

631

.12

27.9

5

PCH

G12

8GPS

45.0

252

.13

45.1

746

.34

101.

57

68 54.4

055

.35

57.6

711

9.4

57.4

251

.93

59.2

353

.27

58.6

0

53.7

012

1.60

- ~ ~

761.

7975

3.17

757.

7076

3.61

755.

77

756.

2275

3.86

757.

03

740.

0373

2.92

739.

8873

8.71

683.

48

717

730.

6572

9.70

727.

3866

5.6

727.

6373

3.12

725.

8273

1.78

726.

45

731.

3566

3.45

- - -

Tabl

e 10

. D

epth

to w

ater

and

wat

er-le

vel a

ltitu

de in

sel

eted

wel

ls in

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

19

89

-96

Co

ntin

ue

d

o o o (O ft X a

3 o (Q o'

0> 3 a f 6 0>

Dat

e m

easu

red

Dep

th

to w

ater

Wat

er-l

evel

al

titud

e

Wel

l PC

HG

128G

PD10

2-15

-94

06-0

2-94

06-0

3-94

..do.

....

09-2

1-94

..do.

....

04-1

2-95

05-1

7-95

..do.

....

05-1

8-95

06-0

1-95

06-1

4-95

05-0

8-96

08-2

9-96

09-2

0-96

46.8

355

.67

50.0

751

.76

70.0

0

59.5

455

.11

57.3

1>2

00 56.9

4

51.8

059

.61

52.5

357

.60

60.4

5

737.

9172

9.07

734.

6773

2.98

714.

74

725.

2072

9.63

727.

43<5

84.7

472

7.80

732.

9472

5.13

732.

2172

7.14

724.

29

Dat

e D

epth

W

ater

-lev

el

mea

sure

d to

wat

er

altit

ude

Wel

l PC

HP4

36B

lQ5-

\Q-9

6 15

.46

752.

40lQ

5-\6

-96

15.1

9 75

2.67

08-2

7-96

12

.68

754.

6808

-29-

96

12.8

0 75

4.56

- _ - - _ --

Dat

e D

epth

m

easu

red

to w

ater

Wat

er-l

evel

al

titud

e

Wel

l PC

HG

436G

PSlQ

5-\Q

-96

17.5

0!0

5-16

-96

16.7

708

-27-

96

13.6

508

-29-

96

13.8

0- _ .. - _ .. .. -

750.

4075

1.13

753.

7175

3.56

- _ - ~ _ -

Wel

l PC

HP4

36B

D20

5- 1

0-96

205-

16-

9608

-27-

96

32.5

030

.85

24.1

3

735.

1473

6.79

743.

23

_.

..

__

Pred

evel

opm

ent w

ater

leve

l.W

ater

leve

ls a

re e

stim

ated

. Mea

sure

men

ts w

ere

refe

renc

ed to

land

-sur

face

alti

tude

bec

ause

of d

amag

e to

the

wel

l ris

er p

ipe.

Table 11. Prearranged pumping schedule for municipal wells BMW4 and BMW6 in Belvidere, III., November-December 1992

Pumping period (days)

1-3

3-6

6-9

10-18

18-25

Pumping activityWell BMW4

Pump off

Pump off

Pump continuously 1

Pump uncontrolled2

Pump off

Well BMW6

Pump intermittently

Pump continuously

Pump continuously

Pump uncontrolled

Pump off

underground reservoir adjacent to the well. After the reservoir is filled, the well pump automatically turns off, and water is pumped from the reservoir to the distribution system by a second pump, as needed. For this study, continuous pumping of well BMW4 consisted of having the reservoir pumped continuously and the well pump automatically turning on and off as the reservoir filled and drained to preset levels.

2Usage of pumps was not prearranged. The municipal-well operator was allowed to pump wells BMW4 and BMW6 according to normal usage patterns.

Table 11. 63

Table 12. Estimated horizontal hydraulic conductivities at selected wells open to the glacial drift aquifer underlying Belvidere, III

[All slug-test data are hydraulic conductivities in feet per day; , test not done; Data from all PCH (Parson's Casket Hardware Superfund site) wells except PCHG125D collected and analyzed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Vanderpool and Yeskis, 1991).]

Borehole or well name

NSMG1011 NSMG1022NSMG104

NSMG103NSMG105

..do.....

PCHG111SPCHG112SPCHG112DPCHG113SPCHG113D

PCHG114SPCHG114DPCHG115DPCHG116SPCHG116DPCHG125D

Slug test (Bower and Rice, 1976)

Falling head

0.521901.8, .95

111.41.5

_2.24.9

20

_.60.33

~130

.45

Rising head

0.392601.0, .53

8.71.11.2

2.02.53.3

22019

.13

.35

.22370150

.092

lrTransmissivities (950 and 1,300 square feet per day for falling- and rising-head tests, respectively) were estimated by the method of van der Kamp (1976). Horizontal hydraulic conductivity was estimated by dividing transmissivity by the length of the test interval.

2First and second values represent early-time and late-time estimates of horizontal hydraulic conductivity from falling- and rising-head tests, respectively. Tests affected by pumping of nearby wells, hydraulic boundaries, and (or) other undetermined effects (Mills, 1993a,b,c).


Table 13. Estimated horizontal hydraulic conductivities at selected boreholes and wells open to the Galena-Platteville (dolomite) and St. Peter Sandstone aquifers underlying Belvidere, III.[All slug-test and constant-discharge aquifer-test data are hydraulic conductivities in feet per day; --, test not done; NI, test data were not interpretable because of violations of operating assumptions of the analytical-test method]

Test interval, in feet below land surface

Slug test (Bouwer and Rice, 1976)

Falling head Rising head

Constant-discharge aquifer test

(Cooper and Jacob, 1946)

Pumping Recovery

hio.o-ns.o..do.....

GALENA-PLATTEVILLE AQUIFER Well AGTG305GPS

640 520440 600

2246.4-251.4

30.4-35.4

43.6-48.6

Well AGTG305GPD98 130

Well PCHG111D39.6 9.7

Well PCHG115B3.032 .027

Borehole PCHG115BD37.5-40.037.5-96.640.0-50.4

..do.....

..do.....

48.1-58.6..do.....

58.6-69.0..do.....

69.0-79.4

..do.....

..do.....69.0-96.686.0-96.096.0-106.0

106.0-116.0116.0-126.0126.0-136.0136.0-146.0136.0-151.8

12

.054 --

.061

4.23-.75.19

-

_

.060.23-.42

.57

.59.34-6.1

.31

.55

.42

11

.078 -

.047

.070

.17.29-.76

--

_-

.024-.040.39.55

.56.65-16.0.18-.26

.47.32-.S5

99.14 -

_

.071

.19

.11

_

1.92.5

2.826

3.64.0

--0.12

.38

.38

.48

.25 .37.13.13

.10

.12--

2.6

2.637

3.63.5

11

140.6-151.5Well PCHG115BD

.42-.47 .43-.57

Table 13. 65

Table 13. Estimated horizontal hydraulic conductivities at selected boreholes and wells open to the Galena-Platteville (dolomite) and St. Peter Sandstone aquifers underlying Belvidere, III. Continued






Pumping Recovery

GALENA-PLATTEVILLE AQUIFER Continued Borehole PCHG125BD

31.3-41.3..do.....

44.5-55.565.5-75.5

85.5-95.5105.5-115.5115.5-125.5125.5-135.5135.5-145.5

170~

.51

.19

.45

.4810

.23.39-.44

180170

.43

.11

.43

.489.8

.28.49-.56

~~ --

1.21.7

37

2.0

~~---

1.2

2.5

Borehole PCHG126BD29.3-152.836.5-46.556.5-66.586.5-96.5

116.5-126.5136.5-152.8

.13.067.37.34

.20-. 57

.13

.32.35

.34-.67

192.3

.94

.971.63.8

~~

1.1 -

Well PCHG126BD141.0-152.8 .37 .39 -- ~

Borehole PCHG127GP41.0-301.055.6-75.6..do.....

62.4-84.075.6-95.6

95.6-115.6115.6-135.6135.6-155.6145.1-166.7166.7-188.3

188.3-209.8209.8-231.4231.4-253.0253.0-273.8273.8-301.0

..do.....

.050

.034.24

.47

.32NI

.80

.21

.11

.036NI

.13

.21

.74

~.035.040.025.27

.42

.34NI

.42

.21

.11

.073NINI

.69NI

.32-.8S~ --

_.14NI.18.088

.035

.038NI

5.8.15NI

.14-3.5-~ -

_.11

NI.39.18

.074NI.086

NI.17

NI

288.9-293.9Well PCHG127GP

.73 .48








Pumping Recovery

GALENA-PLATTEVILLE AQUIFER Continued Borehole PCHG128GP

32.0-42.0 54 52.0-62.0 .075-.096 .041-058 85.0-95.0 .29-.34 .21-.34

103.0-113.0 .37 .33 123.0-133.0 .44 .38-.51

134.0-144.0 150.0-160.0 163.0-173.0

5 182.0-192.0 203.0-213.0

213.0-223.0 223.0-233.0 233.0-243.0

6251.0-261.0 261.0-271.0

.26

.44.30-.40

23 .085-1.7

15

95

.049

.050

.006

.28

.42

74

19

110

.049

.060 ) .005

273.0-283.0 283.0-293.0 291.0-301.0

7 116.0-121.0 ..do.....

8253.5-258.5 ..do.....

.058

.0195.9-11

1,9001,700

8.2-11

Well PCHG128GPS

3,800

Well PCHG128GPD220 160150 170

Table 13. 67







Pumping Recovery

ST. PETER SANDSTONE AQUIFER Well AGTG305SP

9352.8-357.8 5.2 4.8 ..do..... 4.4 4.7 ..do..... 4.4

Well PCHG127SP370.7-375.7 17.53

'Transmissivities (3,200 and 2,600 feet squared per day (ft2/d) for first falling- and rising-head tests, respectively, and 2,200 and 3,300 ft2/d for second falling- and rising-head tests, respectively) were estimated by the method of van der Kamp (1976). Hydraulic conductivity estimated by dividing transmissivity by length of test interval.

2Transmissivities (490 and 630 ft2/d for falling- and rising-head tests, respectively) were esti mated by the method of van der Kamp (1976). Hydraulic conductivity estimated by dividing transmis sivity by length of test interval.

3Data collected and analyzed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Vanderpool and Yeskis, 1991).

4A11 data presented as ranges represent early and late-time hydraulic conductivities, respec tively. Tests affected by nearby pumping wells, hydraulic boundaries, and (or) other undetermined effects (Mills, 1993a,b,c).

5Tests affected by nearby pumping wells, hydraulic boundaries, and (or) other undetermined effects (Mills, 1993a,b,c).

6Transmissivities (950 and 1,100 ft2/d for falling- and rising-head tests, respectively) were esti mated by the method of van der Kamp (1976). Hydraulic conductivity estimated by dividing transmis sivity by length of test interval.

7Transmissivities (9,300 ft2/d for first falling-head test, and 8,500 and 18,900 ft2/d for second falling- and rising-head tests, respectively) were estimated by the method of van der Kamp (1976). Hydraulic conductivity estimated by dividing transmissivity by length of test interval.

8Transmissivities (1,100 and 800 ft2/d for first falling- and rising-head tests, respectively, and 750 and 860 ft2/d for second falling- and rising-head tests, respectively) were estimated by the method of van der Kamp (1976). Hydraulic conductivity estimated by dividing transmissivity by length of test interval.

'First pair of falling- and rising-head test done after initial well development (480 gallons of water removed). Second and third pair of tests were done after additional well development (130 gallons of water removed).


Tabl

e 14

. V

ertic

al p

rofil

e of

fiel

d ch

arac

teris

tics

of g

roun

d w

ater

in b

oreh

ole

PC

HG

127G

P1

in B

elvi

dere

,[°

C, d

egre

es C

elsi

us;

(iS/c

m, m

icro

siem

ens

per c

entim

eter

at 2

5 de

gree

s C

elsi

us; m

g/L

, mill

igra

ms

per l

iter]

Dec

embe

rs,

1991

App

roxi

mat

e de

pth,

in

feet

bel

ow

top

of c

asin

g

40.2

45.9

50.8

56.0

60.7

65.4

70.4

81.3

91

.196

.1

106.

011

6.2

121.

3 12

6.2

131.

3

136.

714

6.7

166.

718

7.4

207.

0

227.

024

7.1

258.

226

2.9

267.

9

272.

528

2.9

288.

029

3.2

298.

130

2.7

D>

App

roxi

mat

e al

titud

e, i

n fe

et a

bove

se

a le

vel

744.

673

8.9

734.

072

8.8

724.

1

719.

471

4.4

703.

5 69

3.7

688.

7

678.

866

8.6

663.

5 65

8.6

653.

5

648.

163

8.1

618.

159

7.4

577.

8

557.

853

7.7

526.

652

1.9

516.

9

512.

350

1.9

496.

849

1.6

486.

748

2.1

Dep

th,

in f

eet

belo

w

wat

er s

urfa

ce

31.6 4.7

9.4

14.5

19.4

23.9

28.9

39.6

44

9.6

54.3

64.1

74.0

79.1

84

.088

.8

93.7

103.

512

3.4

143.

516

2.8

182.

720

1.5

210.

521

4.2

219.

4

223.

923

4.5

239.

524

4.7

249.

325

4.1

Tim

e

1842

1834

1827

1820

1812

1805

1759

1750

17

3917

33

1726

1717

1712

16

5916

52

1645

1638

1629

1621

1612

1607

1559

1550

1544

1537

1530

1521

1514

1507

1501

1453

Tem

pera

ture

11.3

111

.27

11.2

611

.24

11.2

5

11.2

611

.26

11.2

8 11

.31

11.3

4

11.3

111

.32

11.3

3 11

.32

11.3

3

11.3

411

.34

11.3

111

.28

11.2

9

11.2

711

.27

11.2

611

.26

11.2

6

11.2

311

.17

11.1

711

.15

11.1

411

.11

PH

(sta

ndar

d un

its)

7.05

7.04

7.04

7.07

7.11

7.13

7.13

7.13

7.

117.

11

7.13

7.11

7.11

7.

117.

11

7.11

7.11

7.10

7.10

7.11

7.11

7.10

7.10

7.10

7.10

7.08

7.07

7.08

7.07

7.04

7.02

Spec

ific

co

nduc

tanc

e2

(|iS/

cm)

830

840

820

760

700

650

630

610

650

650

650

660

660

670

660

650

650

640

630

610

620

620

620

620

620

610

620

630

620

620

660

Dis

solv

ed

oxyg

en

(mg/

L)

2.66

2.22

1.86

1.68

1.52

1.23 .9

9.6

6 .2

0.1

5

.10

.06

.05

5.05 .0

4

.05

.05

.05

.04

.04

.05

.03

.04

.04

.03

.03

.05

.03

.03

.03

.04

Eh

(mill

ivol

ts)

33 30 14 7 -6 -21

-28

-33

-59

-67

-74

-74

-74

-74

-73

-72

-71

-72

-72

-72

-72

-71

-70

-69

-62

-59

-60

-60

-62

-66

-76

CT

-

-

ro !D

ata

colle

cted

with

a H

ydro

lab

Surv

eyor

3 w

ater

-qua

lity

met

er.

k

-

**

Val

ues

tend

ed to

flu

ctua

te b

y ab

out +

/- 1

5 un

its a

roun

d ap

prox

imat

e m

ean

pres

ente

d in

the

tabl

e.

3Met

er s

onde

was

out

of t

he w

ater

whe

n re

adin

g 1 .

6 fe

et.

ppro

xim

ate

dept

h.

5Ini

tial c

once

ntra

tion

was

0.1

1 m

illig

ram

per

lite

r; a

fter

abo

ut 1

min

ute,

the

conc

entr

atio

n de

crea

sed

to 0

.5 m

illig

ram

per

lite

r.

CO O) O)

CM

CO CO

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ti =CD

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51

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?|5£

Tabl

e 16

. Fi

eld

char

acte

ristic

s of

gro

und

wat

er in

sel

ecte

d bo

reho

les

and

wel

ls o

pen

to th

e G

alen

a-P

latte

ville

(do

lom

ite)

and

St.

Pet

er S

ands

tone

aqu

ifers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

1990

-94

o (D

0 O

(Q o 1 3 o (Q o" 0)

Q.

0) (D 6 SI O 0) sr o 3 (D

(D O Q.

00 o ar 0 (D

(0 0) Q. 2. 5T ET 0) Q.

Z g>

0) 00 2. E <D J5 5' o 55" <o 00 f <0

O)

[°C

, deg

rees

Cel

si

Tes

t int

erva

l, in

fee

t be

low

la

nd s

urfa

ce

ius;

uS/c

m, m

icro

siem

i

Dat

e of

sa

mpl

e

gns

per

cent

imet

er a

t

PH

(sta

ndar

d un

its)

: 25

degr

ees

Cel

sius

;

Tem

pera

ture

mg/

L, m

illig

ram

s pe

r

Spec

ific

co

nduc

tanc

e (u

S/cm

)

lite

r; ~

no d

ata

or r

emar

ks]

Fiel

d ch

arac

teri

stic

s_.

D

isso

lved

Eh

/

i* *

oxyg

en

(mill

ivol

ts)

(myg9

/L)

Rem

arks

GA

LE

NA

-PL

AT

TE

VIL

LE

AQ

UIF

ER

Bor

ehol

e PC

HG

115B

D37

.5-4

0.0

40.0

-50.

448

.1-5

8.6

58.6

-69.

0

69.0

-79.

4

69.0

-96.

676

.0-8

6.0

86.0

-96.

096

.0-1

06.0

106.

0-11

6.0

116.

0-12

6.0

126.

0-13

6.0

136.

0-14

6.0

136.

0-15

1.8

08-1

5-90

08-1

7-90

08-1

4-90

08-1

0-90

08-0

8-90

..do.

....

11-1

5-90

11-1

4-90

..do.

....

11-1

3-90

..do.

....

11-1

2-90

11-0

8-90

11-0

9-90

8.4

7.8

7.6

7.5

7.9

7.6

7.2

7.0

7.0

7.1

7.0

6.9

7.0

7.0

hs.o

!16.

3

h5.9

113.

3

l\2

2

213.

711

.811

.511

.5

11.3

11.1

11.2

11.2

940

740

680

680

640

690

960

1,04

01,

040

990

1,00

01,

030

1,02

01,

010

.. _ _. .. -. _-1

00 -69

-130 -77

-100 -97

-130

-150

Susp

ecte

d ho

le in

cas

ing

inst

alle

d in

ove

rlyi

ng d

rift;

wat

er-q

ualit

y da

ta m

ay r

epre

sent

mix

ed w

ater

from

drif

t and

sta

ted

dept

h in

terv

al in

bed

rock

...

Dro

plet

s of

floa

ting

subs

tanc

e; w

ater

see

ms

to s

ting

on c

onta

ct w

ith s

kin.

Wat

er c

loud

y, r

eddi

sh;

cont

ains

fin

e gr

ains

of p

yrite

;sm

all a

ir bu

bble

s.Sm

all a

ir bu

bble

s in

wat

er. _ - ~ .. -

Bor

ehol

e PC

HG

125B

D31

.3-4

1.3

45.5

-55.

565

.5-7

5.5

85.5

-95.

5

105.

5-11

5.5

115.

0-12

5.5

125.

0-13

5.5

135.

5-14

5.5

11-3

0-90

..do.

....

11-2

9-90

..do.

....

11-2

8-90

12-0

4-90

12-0

3-90

11-2

8-90

6.8

7.0

7.2

7.1

7.1 - 7.0

12.1

11.7 9.2

10.7

10.9 ~ 11.2

1,14

01,

060

870

830

1,07

0 --

1,16

0

180

140 69 28 65 100

W

ater

slig

htly

clo

udy.

- .. ~

Tab

le 1

6.

Fiel

d ch

arac

teris

tics

of g

roun

d w

ater

in s

elec

ted

bore

hole

s an

d w

ells

ope

n to

the

Gal

ena-

Plat

tevi

lle (

dolo

mite

) an

d St

. Pet

er S

ands

tone

aqu

ifers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

1990

-94 C

ontin

ued

Tes

t int

erva

l, in

fee

t bel

ow

land

sur

face

Dat

e of

sa

mpl

epH

(s

tand

ard

units

)

Tem

pera

ture

(°

C)Sp

ecif

ic

cond

ucta

nce

(US/

cm)

Fiel

d ch

arac

teri

stic

s_.

D

isso

lved

en

<"""*»

'">

%%

Rem

arks

GA

LE

NA

-PL

AT

TE

VIL

LE

AQ

UIF

ER

Con

tinue

d B

oreh

ole

PCH

G12

6BD

36.5

-46.

556

.5-6

6.5

86.5

-96.

511

6.5-

126.

5

136.

5-14

6.5

36.5

-152

.8

11-2

1-90

11-2

0-90

..do.

....

11-1

9-90

11-2

6-90

11-1

8-90

7.2

7.4

7.5

7.2

7.1

7.1

12.5

11.0

10.8

10.9

11.3

11.2

830

780

780

810

850

850

140

100

100 29

-168 -90

- _ -

Bor

ehol

e PC

HG

127G

P41

.0-5

5.6

55.6

-75.

675

.6-9

5.6

95.6

-115

.6

115.

6-13

5.6

135.

6-15

5.6

145.

1-16

6.7

166.

7-18

8.3

188.

3-20

9.8

209.

8-23

1.4

231.

4-25

3.0

253.

0-27

3.8

273.

8-30

1.0

..do.

....

06-1

8-91

11-2

6-91

11-2

5-91

11-2

2-91

11-2

1-91

..do.

....

06-1

9-91

06-2

1-91

06-2

0-91

..d

o....

.

..do.

....3

06-0

8-91

06-0

6-91

11

-20-

91

7.0

7.2

7.2

7.0

7.2

7.3

7.1 7.2

7.1

7.1

7.3

7.1

7.2

7.1

12.3

10.9

10.6

11.7

11.0

11.3

11.9

11.6

11.7

11

.8

11.9

11.9

11.6

11

.0

940

580

740

750

730

700

650

610

580

670

650

580

660

700

-52

-26

-54

-59

-32

-30 -2 -56 19 74 -32

-34

-52

-29

Dis

char

ge w

ater

clo

udy

at o

ne b

oreh

ole

volu

me,

cl

ear a

t one

and

one

-hal

f bor

ehol

e vo

lum

es.

- _ Sm

all a

ir bu

bble

s in

dis

char

ge w

ater

. A

ir bu

bble

s in

dis

char

ge w

ater

; fin

e gr

ains

of

pyrit

e in

wat

er

Air

bubb

les

in d

isch

arge

wat

er; f

ine

grai

ns o

f py

rite

in w

ater

.

Air

bub

bles

in d

isch

arge

wat

er.

Wel

l PC

HG

127G

P28

8.9-

293.

9..d

o....

.01

-30-

9211

-12-

926.

87.

111

.310

.974

063

073

0.

45 .13

-

Tabl

e 16

. Fi

eld

char

acte

ristic

s of

gro

und

wat

er in

sel

ecte

d bo

reho

les

and

wel

ls o

pen

to th

e G

alen

a-P

latte

ville

(do

lom

ite)

and

St.

Pet

er S

ands

tone

aqu

ifers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

19

90

-94

Co

ntin

ue

d

Geologic, X a 0 o (Q p

" D) 3 a 1 s. (D 6 W_ 0 D) 5T o 3 CO (D (D O ST

Tes

t int

erva

l, in

fee

t be

low

la

nd s

urfa

ce

Fiel

d ch

arac

teri

stic

sD

ate

of

sam

ple

PH

(sta

ndar

d un

its)

Tem

pera

ture

SP

eC|fi

c Eh

V0

~.

cond

ucta

nce

. ...

. ..

. (C

) (n

S/cm

) (m

illiv

olts

)

Dis

solv

ed

oxyg

en

Rem

arks

(m

g/L)

GA

LE

NA

-PL

AT

TE

VIL

LE

AQ

UIF

ER

Con

tinu

ed

Bor

ehol

e P

CH

G12

8GP

52.0

-62.

016

3.0-

173.

020

3.0-

213.

021

3.0-

223.

0

273.

0-28

3.0

291.

0-30

1.0

370.

7-37

5.7

..do.

....

..do.

....

01-1

7-94

01-1

3-94

..do.

....

01-1

2-94

01-1

1-94

01-1

2-94

01-0

6-92

01-3

0-92

11-1

2-92

7.0

7.0

7.0

7.1

7.1

6.9

7.1

7.0

7.2

4.8

10.7

10.2

10.8

10.6

11.1

10.8

10.7

11.1

930

690

-59

550

-23

630

93

680

810

95

ST. P

ET

ER

SA

ND

STO

NE

AQ

UIF

ER

Wel

l PC

HG

127S

P1,

030

150

1,04

0 19

054

0

0.24 .1

51.

13 .92

1.99

2.42 .4

0.0

3

Flow

-thr

ough

cel

l not

use

d. W

ater

tem

pera

ture

ref

lect

s re

spon

se to

am

bien

t air

tem

pera

ture

dur

ing

sam

plin

g.

2Flo

w-t

hrou

gh c

ell

used

. W

ater

tem

pera

ture

pro

babl

y re

flec

ts r

espo

nse

to a

mbi

ent a

ir te

mpe

ratu

re d

urin

g sa

mpl

ing.

3P

urge

d 0.

9 bo

reho

le v

olum

e.

Tab

le 1

7.

Con

cent

ratio

ns o

f de

tect

ed i

norg

anic

con

stitu

ents

(ca

tions

) an

d tr

itium

in g

roun

d w

ater

in s

elec

ted

bore

hole

s an

d w

ells

ope

n to

the

glac

ial

drift

, G

alen

a-P

latte

ville

(do

lom

ite),

St.

Pet

er S

ands

tone

, O

rdov

icia

n, a

nd C

ambr

ian-

Ord

ovic

ian

aqui

fers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

1985

-95

[All

inog

anic

-con

stitu

ent c

once

ntra

tions

are

in m

illig

ram

s pe

r lite

r; tr

itium

con

cent

ratio

ns a

re in

pic

ocur

ies

per

liter

; ,

conc

entr

atio

n be

low

inst

rum

ent r

epor

ting

limits

; na,

not

ana

lyze

d]

Ana

lytic

al l

abor

ator

y:

O, o

ther

labo

rato

ry, s

ampl

e co

llect

ed b

y S

tate

or

city

age

ncy

or p

riva

te f

irm

; U

SE

PA

1, U

.S. E

nvir

onm

enta

l P

rote

ctio

n A

genc

y (U

SE

PA

) co

ntra

ct

labo

rato

ry;

US

EP

A2,

USE

PA r

egio

nal

labo

rato

ry, C

hica

go, I

II.;

US

GS

, U

.S.

Geo

logi

cal S

urve

y, N

atio

nal W

ater

-Qua

lity

Labo

rato

ry, A

rvad

a, C

olo.

Tes

t int

erva

l, in

fee

t be

low

la

nd s

urfa

ce

49.9

-54.

9 ..d

o....

. ..d

o....

.

54.1

-59.

0..d

o....

.

42.8

-47.

8..d

o....

.

19.0

-21.

0

10.0

-12.

0

7.0-

9.0

7.0-

9.0

12.0

-14.

0

D> O"

(D

Dat

e of

sa

mpl

e

08-2

5-88

20

7- 1

9-93

..d

o....

.

08-2

5-88

06-0

1-95

08-2

5-88

06-0

1-95

07-2

2-93

07-2

0-93

07-2

6-93

07-1

9-93

07-2

0-93

Ana

lytic

al

labo

rato

ry

OU

SEPA

1 ..d

o....

.

OU

SEPA

2

OU

SEPA

2

USE

PA 1

USE

PA1

USE

PA 1

USE

PA 1

USE

PA 1

Alu

min

um

Ant

imon

y A

rsen

ic

GL

AC

IAL

DR

IFT

AQ

UIF

ER

W

ell N

SMG

103

0.26

0 0.

12

!.08

73

!.06

84

Wel

l NSM

G10

4^1

60

.100

0.00

02

Wel

l NSM

G10

5'.I

SO

.160

.807

--

.0

016

Tem

pora

ry w

ell T

W1

Tem

pora

ry w

ell T

W24

'.059

4

Tem

pora

ry w

ell T

W30

!.01

52

Tem

pora

ry w

ell T

W31

!.33

9 -

.001

1

Tem

pora

ry w

ell T

W32

Bar

ium

C

adm

ium

C

alci

um

1 0.0

56

0.00

7 12

5 '.1

06

- 11

9 !.0

635

-

122

!.063

.0

11

106

.053

--

11

1

!.07

5 .0

06

100

.081

--

12

6

'.013

6 --

67

.6

!.035

9 --

81

.3

'.034

1 --

55

.4

J.05

73

--

119

!.02

39

--

72.3

Chr

omiu

m

~

0.01

0- .098 - ~ -

Tabl

e 17

. C

once

ntra

tions

of

dete

cted

inor

gani

c co

nstit

uent

s (c

atio

ns)

and

tritiu

m in

gro

und

wat

er in

sel

ecte

d bo

reho

les

and

wel

ls o

pen

to th

e gl

acia

l drif

t, G

alen

a-P

latte

ville

(do

lom

ite),

St.

Pet

er S

ands

tone

, O

rdov

icia

n, a

nd C

ambr

ian-

Ord

ovic

ian

aqui

fers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

19

85

-95

Co

ntin

ue

d

Q 8 o <a n I a o o <a a'

3 a ^ « 6 c SL ,5 D sr 0 3 (D (D n I 00 O (D 3" O (D

(0 i SL to" 5" 3 a z (D 00 2. a <D 3 = o jo"

Tes

t int

erva

l, in

fee

t bel

ow

land

sur

face

110.

0-11

5.0

..do.

....

..do.

....

246.

4-25

1.4

..do.

....

56.0

-66.

0..d

o....

...d

o....

.

140.

6-15

1.5

..do.

....

41.0

-55.

655

.6-7

5.6

75.6

-95.

695

.6-1

15.6

115.

6-13

5.6

135.

6-15

5.6

145.

1-16

6.7

166.

7-18

8.3

188.

3-20

9.8

209.

8-23

1.4

423 1

.4-2

53.0

253.

0-27

3.8

273.

8-30

1.0

..do.

....

Dat

e of

sa

mpl

e

05-3

1-95

..do.

....

..do.

....

05-3

1-95

..do.

....

01-1

5-86

07-2

0-93

..do.

....

301-

14-9

105

-31-

95

06-1

8-91

11-2

6-91

11-2

5-91

11-2

2-91

11-2

1-91

11-2

1-91

06-1

9-91

06-2

1-91

06-2

0-91

..do.

....

06-2

0-91

06-0

8-91

06-0

6-91

11-2

0-91

Ana

lytic

al

labo

rato

ry

uses

USE

PA2

..do.

....

uses

USE

PA2

OU

SEPA

1..d

o....

.

USE

PA1

uses

USE

PA1

uses

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

USE

PA1

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

uses

Alu

min

um

na .. na '0

.047

2._ __ na .101 na na na na na .111 .085

1.0

808

.084

1

.079

9.0

614

.045

3na

Ant

imon

y A

rsen

ic

GA

LE

NA

-PL

AT

TE

VIL

LE

AQ

UIF

ER

Wel

l AG

TG

305G

PS

na

na0.

0002

.000

3

Wel

l A

GT

G30

5GP

Dna

na .000

2

Wel

l B

L1P

W10

_

Wel

l PC

HG

115B

D na

na

Bor

ehol

e P

CH

G12

7GP

._ na

nana

na

na

nana

na

na

na - -

'0.0

645

.002

2'.0

52

'.006

6na

na

Bar

ium

C

adm

ium

na

na0.

062

.062 na

na.0

88 ..'.0

468

'.048

4

.104 na

na

.153 na

nana

na

na

nana

na

na

na.0

957

.096

3.0

787

.126

.108

.099

9.1

78 na

na

Cal

cium

98 96 95 83 81 81 87.3

84.3

135 86 103 77 92 92 87 86 83

.277

.772

.285

.2

73.9

86.6

86.8

87

Chr

omiu

m

na0.

009

na .013 .. .. na na na na na na - .002

4.0

08 na

Tabl

e 17

. C

once

ntra

tions

of d

etec

ted

inor

gani

c co

nstit

uent

s (c

atio

ns)

and

tritiu

m in

gro

und

wat

er in

sel

ecte

d bo

reho

les

and

wel

ls o

pen

to th

e gl

acia

l drif

t, G

alen

a-P

latte

ville

(do

lom

ite),

St.

Pet

er S

ands

tone

, O

rdov

icia

n, a

nd C

ambr

ian-

Ord

ovic

ian

aqui

fers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

1985-9

5 C

ontin

ued

Test

inte

rval

, in

fee

t bel

ow

land

sur

face

Dat

e of

sa

mpl

eA

naly

tical

la

bora

tory

Alu

min

umA

ntim

ony

Ars

enic

Bar

ium

Cad

miu

mC

alci

umC

hrom

ium

GA

LE

NA

-PL

AT

TE

VIL

LE

AQ

UIF

ER

Con

tin

ued

W

ell P

CH

G12

7GP

288.

9-29

3.9

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

01-3

0-92

11-1

2-92

07-2

2-93

05-3

1-95

USE

PA1

uses

..do.

....

..do.

....

- na na na

na na na

0.00

97na na na

0.14

4na na na

-- na na na

77.4

81 na 86

0.00

38na na na

52.0

-62.

0 ..d

o....

.16

3.0-

173.

0 ..d

o....

291.

0-30

1.0

01-1

7-94

..d

o....

. 01

-13-

94

..do.

....

01-1

2-94

USG

S U

SEPA

1U

SGS

USE

PA1

USG

S

na1.

05 na .027

9 na

Bor

ehol

e P

CH

G12

8GP

na

na

na na

na na

na .121 na .117 na

na na na

120

122 84 79.5

94

na .006

5na na

..do.

....

..do.

....

01-1

2-94

..d

o....

.U

SEPA

1 ..d

o....

..0

318

.031

8.1

37.1

4095

.794

.9

116.

0-12

1.0

06-0

1-95

USG

Sna

Wel

l PC

HG

128G

PS

nana

nana

100

na

253.

5-25

8.5

06-0

1-95

USG

Sna

Wel

l PC

HG

128G

PD

nana

nana

na

ST. P

ET

ER

SA

ND

STO

NE

AQ

UIF

ER

W

ell A

GT

G30

5SP

s1 g; (D

352.

8-35

7.8

..do.

....

370.

7-37

5.7

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

05-3

1-95

..do.

....

01-0

6-92

..do.

....

01-3

0-92

11-1

2-92

07-2

0-93

05-3

1-95

USG

SU

SEPA

2

USG

S..d

o....

.U

SEPA

1U

SGS

..do.

....

..do.

....

na - na na .021

3na na na

na -

Wel

l PC

HG

127S

Pna na na na na

na .000

3

na na .005

2na na na

na .059 na na .110 na na na

na ~ na na -- na na na

89 86 110

110

105 73 na 72

na - na na na na na

Tabl

e 17

. C

once

ntra

tions

of d

etec

ted

inor

gani

c co

nstit

uent

s (c

atio

ns)

and

tritiu

m in

gro

und

wat

er in

sel

ecte

d bo

reho

les

and

wel

ls o

pen

to th

e gl

acia

l drif

t, G

alen

a-P

latte

ville

(do

lom

ite),

St.

Pet

er S

ands

tone

, O

rdov

icia

n, a

nd C

ambr

ian-

Ord

ovic

ian

aqui

fers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

1985-9

5 C

ontin

ued

O c 0) o D> O 3 V) O

Tes

t int

erva

l, in

fee

t be

low

la

nd s

urfa

ce

533.

1-6

05.0

152-

1,80

0..d

o....

...d

o....

...d

o....

.

Tes

t in

terv

al,

in f

eet

belo

w

land

sur

face

49.9

-54.

9 ..d

o....

. ..d

o....

.

54.1

-59.

0 ..d

o....

.

42.8

-47.

8..d

o....

.

Dat

e of

sa

mpl

e

01-1

0-95

11-1

9-85

08-2

9-89

07-2

3-93

..do.

....

Dat

e of

sa

mpl

e

08-2

5-88

07

-19-

93

..do.

....

08-2

5-88

06

-01-

95

08-2

5-88

06-0

1-95

. .

".

Alu

min

um

Ant

imon

y A

rsen

ic

labo

rato

ry

OR

DO

VIC

IAN

AQ

UIF

ER

B

oreh

ole

0030

5 U

SGS

0.00

6C

AM

BR

IAN

-OR

DO

VIC

IAN

AQ

UIF

ER

W

ell B

MW

4U

SGS

- na

O

.043

1U

SEPA

1 .0

632

..do.

....

Cob

alt

Cop

per

Cya

nide

Ir

on

Lea

d

GL

AC

IAL

DR

IFT

AQ

UIF

ER

W

ell N

SMG

103

0.16

9 0.

007

-

^.0

05

J0.0

295

l-

'.006

-

'.027

8 l-

Wel

l NSM

G10

4.0

55

.005

J.0

61

.008

^7

80

Wel

l NSM

G10

5.2

15

- '.0

61

.037

.008

-

5.68

.0

03

Bar

ium

C

adm

ium

C

alci

um

0.07

4 -

na

.297

-

79.2

56

- 84

.7.1

97

-- 84

.8.2

02

- 86

.2

Mag

nesi

um

Man

gane

se

Mer

cury

57.1

0.

037

54.7

.0

158

'--

53.4

.0

163

l-

58

.11

48

.037

71.7

.2

368

.3

36

Chr

omiu

m

0.00

2

Nic

kel

0.01

7

-- .267

19.0

-21.

0 07

-22-

93

10.0

-12.

0 07

-20-

93

'.005

7

7.0-

9.0

07-2

6-93

'.005

6

Tem

pora

ry w

ell T

W1

.192

Tem

pora

ry w

ell T

W24

'.093

6 J.

0014

Tem

pora

ry w

ell T

W30

<1.6

0

36.2

40.3

29.6

.040

9

.011

6

.103

Tab

le 1

7.

Con

cent

ratio

ns o

f de

tect

ed i

norg

anic

con

stitu

ents

(ca

tions

) an

d tr

itium

in

grou

nd w

ater

in s

elec

ted

bore

hole

s an

d w

ells

ope

n to

the

gla

cial

drif

t, G

alen

a-P

latte

ville

(do

lom

ite),

St.

Pet

er S

ands

tone

, O

rdov

icia

n, a

nd C

ambr

ian-

Ord

ovic

ian

aqui

fers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

19

85

-95

Co

ntin

ue

d

Test

inte

rval

, in

fee

t be

low

la

nd s

urfa

ce

Dat

e of

sa

mpl

eC

obal

tC

oppe

rC

yani

deIr

onLe

adM

agne

sium

Man

gane

seM

ercu

ryN

icke

l

7.0-

9.0

07-1

9-93

0.00

89

GL

AC

IAL

DR

IFT

AQ

UIF

ER

Con

tinu

ed

Tem

pora

ry w

ell T

W31

1.07

'0

.001

939

.50.

0729

12.0

-14.

007

-20-

93.0

052

Tem

pora

ry w

ell T

W32

.284

31.1

16

GA

LE

NA

-PL

AT

TE

VIL

LE

AQ

UIF

ER

W

ell A

GT

G30

5GPS

110.

0-11

5.0

..do.

....

..do.

....

246.

4-25

1.4

..do.

....

56.0

-66.

0..d

o....

...d

o....

.

140.

6-15

1.5

..do.

....

41.0

-55.

655

.6-7

5.6

75.6

-95.

695

.6-1

15.6

115.

6-13

5.6

135.

6-15

5.6

145.

1-16

6.7

H

166.

7-18

8.3

3T vi

05-3

1-95

na

..do.

....

..do.

....

05-3

1-95

na

..do.

....

01-1

5-86

07-2

0-93

..do.

....

01-1

4-91

05-3

1-95

na

06-1

8-91

11-2

6-91

na

11-2

5-91

na

11-2

2-91

na

11-2

1-91

na

11-2

1-91

na

06-1

9-91

06-2

1-91

na - na - .067

l.Q

ll»

'.OlO

l

na na na na na na -

na --

Wel

l AG

TG

305G

PDna

.0

17--

Wel

l BL1

PW10

..

'.013

8 ]

J.015

9 ]

Wel

l PC

HG

115B

D.0

181

na

.21

Bor

ehol

e PC

HG

127G

Pna

.2

58na

na

na

nana

na

na

nana

na

na

1.02

na

.527

na .003 - na .003 .003

6'.0

03 na na na na na na -

43 41 40 38 36 34 36.6

35.4

51.4

34 42.7

29 35 36 36 36 36.3

32.9

.028

.03

.028

.019

.02 _ - .019

9.0

08

.083

8na na na na na .0

136

.014

7

na

na -- na

na

- !..

1..

0.02

37na .0

168

na

nana

na

na

na

na

nana

na

.. -

Tabl

e 17

. C

once

ntra

tions

of d

etec

ted

inor

gani

c co

nstit

uent

s (c

atio

ns)

and

tritiu

m in

gro

und

wat

er in

sel

ecte

d bo

reho

les

and

wel

ls o

pen

to th

e gl

acia

l drif

t, G

alen

a-P

latte

ville

(do

lom

ite),

St.

Pet

er S

ands

tone

, O

rdov

icia

n, a

nd C

ambr

ian-

Ord

ovic

ian

aqui

fers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

1985

-95

Con

tinue

d

o 8 o (Q X "a. 5 o (Q o" 0) Q.

<D 6 C 8L «? a 5 o 3 »" o sf & 03

O CO o % SO a. 5 5T 5" 0) 3 a.

z

Tes

t in

terv

al,

in f

eet b

elow

la

nd s

urfa

ce

Dat

e of

sa

mpl

eC

obal

tC

oppe

r C

yani

deiro

nLe

adM

agne

sium

Man

gane

seM

ercu

ry

Nic

kel

GL

AC

IAL

DR

IFT

AQ

UIF

ER

Con

tinu

edB

oreh

ole

PC

HG

12

7G

P C

onti

nued

188.

3-20

9.8

209.

8-23

1.4

231.

4-25

3.0

253.

0-27

3.8

273.

8-30

1.0

..do.

....

288.

9-29

3.9

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

52.0

-62.

0..d

o....

.16

3.0-

173.

0..d

o....

.

291.

0-30

1.0

..do.

....

..do.

....

116.

1-12

1.1

06-2

0-91

..do.

....

..do.

....

06-0

8-91

06-0

6-91

11-2

0-91

01-3

0-92

11-1

2-92

07-2

2-93

05-3

1-95

01-1

7-94

..do.

....

01-1

3-94

..do.

....

01-1

2-94

..do.

....

..do.

....

06-0

1-95

- 0.

0037 __ na na na na na .0

02 na ~ na .002 na

na na na na nana

na

0.00

51

nana

na

na

nana

na

na

na__ na

na

- na

na - na

na

0.26

1.3

34.3

25.2

83

.647 na

Wel

l PC

HG

127G

P.0

424

.004

na .019

Bor

ehol

e P

CH

G12

8GP

.460

.560

.290

.296

.037

.077

3.0

904

Wel

l P

CH

G12

8GP

S.4

20

~ .. - _ na

0.00

3na na na na .0

002

na .003

7

na .003

4~ na

31.1

35.7

31.5

36.4

37.9

34 32.9

33 na 37 46 48.9

37 35.6

38 39.5

39.2

41

0.01

54.0

175

.026

2.0

355

.023

7na .048

3.0

18 na .011

.022

.056

5.0

04.0

039

.004

.004

9.0

046

.012

.. .. ^.

0126

_ na

na .017

7na

na

na

nana

na

na

na na

na

-- na

na .005

.005

na

na

|

253.

5-25

8.5

E (D

06-0

1-95

nana

naW

ell P

CH

G12

8GPD

.080

na38

.021

nana

Tabl

e 17

. C

once

ntra

tions

of d

etec

ted

inor

gani

c co

nstit

uent

s (c

atio

ns)

and

tritiu

m in

gro

und

wat

er in

sel

ecte

d bo

reho

les

and

wel

ls o

pen

to th

e gl

acia

l drif

t, G

alen

a-P

latte

ville

(do

lom

ite),

St.

Pet

er S

ands

tone

, O

rdov

icia

n, a

nd C

ambr

ian-

Ord

ovic

ian

aqui

fers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

19

85

-95

Co

ntin

ue

d

Tes

t in

terv

al,

in f

eet

belo

w

land

sur

face

352.

8-35

7.8

..do.

....

370.

7-37

5.7

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

33.1

-605

.0

152-

1,80

0..d

o....

...d

o....

...d

o....

Tes

t in

terv

al,

in f

eet b

elow

la

nd s

urfa

ce

49.9

-54.

9..d

o....

...d

o....

.

54.1

-59.

0..d

o....

.

Dat

e of

Cob

alt

sam

ple

05-3

1-95

na

..do.

....

01-0

6-92

na

..do.

....

na01

-30-

92

0.01

0611

-12-

92

na07

-20-

93

na.

05-3

1-95

na

01-1

0-95

11-1

9-85

08-2

9-89

07-2

3-93

..do.

.... D

ate

of

sam

ple

08-2

5-88

07-1

9-93

..do.

....

08-2

5-88

06-0

1-95

Cop

per

na - na na0.

0212

na na na .002

.012 _ --

Pot

assi

um

5.8

8.7

6.92

U.6 7.0

Cya

nide

Ir

on

Lea

d

ST. P

ET

ER

SA

ND

STO

NE

AQ

UIF

ER

Wel

l AG

TG

305S

Pna

na-

Wel

l PC

HG

127S

Pna

na

na

na

na

na0.

0675

0.

0023

na

.007

na

na

na

nana

.0

07

na

OR

DO

VIC

IAN

AQ

UIF

ER

Bor

ehol

e 00

305

na

.002

CA

MB

RIA

N-O

RD

OV

ICIA

N A

QU

IFE

RW

ell B

MW

4.1

80^0

557

^027

5 l.

WU

1.04

22

^OO

H

Sele

nium

So

dium

GL

AC

IAL

DR

IFT

AQ

UIF

ER

Wel

l NSM

G10

3^.

003

631.

0052

54

.3l-

54

.3

Wel

l NSM

G10

477 10

2

Mag

nesi

um

Man

gane

se

Mer

cury

39

0.01

6 na

37

.016

42

na

na42

na

na

40.7

.2

1630

.0

9 na

na

na

na32

.0

16

na

na

.006

40

.007

0.

0001

236

.3

.010

836

.6

.004

1-

37.5

.0

042

1-

Van

adiu

m

Zin

c

0.05

21.

0106

!.02

35

_. _.

Nic

kel

na ~ na na0.

148

na na na .010 _ ..

Triti

um

na na na na na

Tabl

e 17

. C

once

ntra

tions

of d

etec

ted

inor

gani

c co

nstit

uent

s (c

atio

ns)

and

tritiu

m in

gro

und

wat

er in

sel

ecte

d bo

reho

les

and

wel

ls o

pen

to th

e gl

acia

l drif

t, G

alen

a-P

latte

ville

(do

lom

ite),

St.

Pet

er S

ands

tone

, O

rdov

icia

n, a

nd C

ambr

ian-

Ord

ovic

ian

aqui

fers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

1985

-95

Con

tinue

d

Geologic,

X a 3 o (O p" 0 3 a £ 0 6 0_ D 0 3 3 (D S a DO o 3 0 (D

<0 0 3 a 2. 5T 5" 0 3 a (D 0) DO 2. a (D 3 5' 0 35' (O 03 £ 0)

Tes

t in

terv

al,

in f

eet

belo

w

land

sur

face

Dat

e of

sa

mpl

eP

otas

sium

Sele

nium

Sodi

um

Van

adiu

mZ

inc

Triti

um

GL

AC

IAL

DR

IFT

AQ

UIF

ER

Con

tinu

ed

42.8

-41.

8..d

o....

.

19.0

-21.

0

10.0

-12.

0

7.0-

9.0

7.0-

9.0

12.0

-14.

0

08-2

5-88

06-0

1-95

07-2

2-93

07-2

0-93

07-2

6-93

07-1

9-93

07-2

0-93

7.3

7.0

1.25 .8

29

.702

1.22

Wel

l NSM

G10

5 -

Tem

pora

ry w

ell T

W1

1-

Tem

pora

ry w

ell T

W24

10.0

032

Tem

pora

ry w

ell T

W30

1-

Tem

pora

ry w

ell T

W31

1_.

Tem

pora

ry w

ell T

W32

1-

62 88

0.00

6

17 ^.8

7

I3.2

l

I8.3

l

l\3.

Q

na na na na

^.0

147

na

^022

6 na

l.03\

na

GA

LE

NA

-PL

AT

TE

VIL

LE

AQ

UIF

ER

110.

0-11

5.0

..do.

....

..do.

....

246.

4-25

1.4

..do.

....

56.0

-66.

0..d

o....

...d

o....

.

140.

6-15

1.5

..do.

....

05-3

1-95

..do.

....

..do.

....

05-3

1-95

..do.

....

01-1

5-86

07-2

0-93

..do.

....

01-1

4-91

05-3

1-95

1.3 1.6 - 2.24

2.08

3.24

1.8

Wel

l AG

TG

305G

PS

na

Wel

l AG

TG

305G

PD

na Wel

l BL

1PW

10- 1_

. -- Wel

l PC

HG

115B

D na

22

na22 22 17

na

17 10 23.2

22.3

29 9.6

na

na

na na na

na

na na

.42

na^1

26

na.1

31

na

^021

9 na

na

na

Tabl

e 17

. C

once

ntra

tions

of d

etec

ted

inor

gani

c co

nstit

uent

s (c

atio

ns)

and

tritiu

m in

gro

und

wat

er in

sel

ecte

d bo

reho

les

and

wel

ls o

pen

to th

e gl

acia

l drif

t, G

alen

a-P

latte

ville

(do

lom

ite),

St.

Pet

er S

ands

tone

, O

rdov

icia

n, a

nd C

ambr

ian-

Ord

ovic

ian

aqui

fers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

1985

-95

Con

tinue

dT

est i

nter

val,

in f

eet b

elow

la

nd s

urfa

ce

Dat

e of

sa

mpl

ePo

tass

ium

Sele

nium

Sodi

umV

anad

ium

Zinc

Triti

um

GA

LE

NA

-PL

AT

TE

VIL

LE

AQ

UIF

ER

Con

tinu

ed

41.0

-55.

655

.6-7

5.6

75.6

-95.

695

.6-1

15.6

115.

6-13

5.6

135.

6-15

5.6

145.

1-16

6.7

166.

7-18

8.3

188.

3-20

9.8

209.

8-23

1.4

231.

4-25

3.0

253.

0-27

3.8

273.

8-30

1.0

..do.

....

288.

9-29

3.9

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

52.0

-62.

0..d

o....

.16

3.0-

173.

0..d

o....

.

291.

0-30

1.0

..do.

....

..do.

....

06-1

8-91

11-2

6-91

11-2

5-91

11-2

2-91

11-2

1-91

..do.

....

06-1

9-91

06-2

1-91

06-2

0-91

..do.

....

..do.

....

06-0

8-91

06-0

6-91

11-2

0-91

01-3

0-92

11-1

2-92

07-2

2-93

05-3

1-95

01-1

7-94

..do.

....

01-1

3-94

..do.

....

01-1

2-94

..do.

....

..do.

....

4.16 na na na na na 1.56

2.05

1.46

1.80

1.61

2.20

1.78 na 2.19 na na 1.9 na 2.53 na 1.24 na 5.75

5.53

Bor

ehol

e P

CH

G12

7GP

^.00

36na na na na na ~ _ - _ na W

ell P

CH

G12

7GP

.014

7na na na

Bor

ehol

e P

CH

G12

8GP

na na - na

36.7 5 15 17 17 12 8.23

7.23

5.63

12 8.01

13 8.99

11 15.7 9.6

na 13 9.9

10.2 4.8

4.55

9.6

9.54

9.41

na na na na na - ~ _ - na na na na na0.

0043

na .003

8

na -

0.21

9na na na na na .132 .097

4

.134

.340

.272

.059

7

.038

7na na na na na .0

255

na .009

7

na .006

9.0

094

na na na na na na na na na na na na na 20 na na 32 na na na na na na na na

116.

1-12

1.1

06-0

1-95

4.10

Wel

l PC

HG

128G

PSna

8.7

nana

na

Tabl

e 17

. C

once

ntra

tions

of d

etec

ted

inor

gani

c co

nstit

uent

s (c

atio

ns)

and

tritiu

m in

gro

und

wat

er in

sel

ecte

d bo

reho

les

and

wel

ls o

pen

to th

e gl

acia

l drif

t, G

alen

a-P

latte

ville

(do

lom

ite),

St.

Pet

er S

ands

tone

, O

rdov

icia

n, a

nd C

ambr

ian-

Ord

ovic

ian

aqui

fers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

1985

-95

Con

tinue

d

Geologic,

H\ Q. o o (Q 0> Q. 1 <D 6 to ~ O 0> S h 5 (0 2. 1 Q. 00

0 <D 3"

O <D

CO to a. 2. 5T 5" 0) 3

Q. Near

Belvidere, Illinoi CO

Tes

t int

erva

l, in

fee

t bel

ow

, Po

tass

ium

la

nd s

urfa

ce

sam

ple

Sele

nium

So

dium

V

anad

ium

Zinc

Tr

itium

GA

LE

NA

-PL

AT

TE

VIL

LE

AQ

UIF

ER

Con

tinue

d

253.

5-25

8.5

06-0

1-95

2.6

Wel

lPC

HG

128G

PDna

6.1

nana

na

ST. P

ET

ER

SA

ND

STO

NE

AQ

UIF

ER

W

ell A

GT

G30

5SP

352.

8-35

7.8

05-3

1-95

..d

o....

. ..d

o....

.

370.

7-37

5.7

01-0

6-92

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

01-3

0-92

..do.

....

11-1

2-92

..d

o....

. 07

-20-

93..d

o....

. 05

-31-

95

33.1

-605

.0

01-1

0-95

1.5

4.7

4.8

4.49 na

na 1.5 na

na Wel

l PC

HG

127S

Pna na na

na na

OR

DO

VIC

IAN

AQ

UIF

ER

Bor

ehol

e 00

305

_.

50

na

50 40

na40

na

37

.8 5.7

na

na

na5.

9 na

na

na

na

na

na

na

nana

na

41

na

na

na

1.2

na

na

0.00

5 na

CA

MB

RIA

N-O

RD

OV

ICIA

N A

QU

IFE

R

Wel

l BM

W4

152-

1,80

0 11

-19-

85..d

o....

. 08

-29-

89..d

o....

. 07

-23-

93

..do.

....

..do.

....

3.6 .5

154.

68

5

.. 1__

1__

10 13.6

'16.

1 !1

6.4

na na1.0

134

na

^022

2 na

Con

cent

ratio

n is

estim

ated

. Spe

cific

reas

ons

why

the

conc

entra

tion

was

est

imat

ed c

an b

e ob

tain

ed fr

om th

e U

.S. G

eolo

gica

l Sur

vey

(USG

S).

Met

al c

once

ntra

tions

of a

ll sa

mpl

es c

olle

cted

in J

uly

1993

or a

naly

zed

at th

e U

SGS

labo

rato

ry r

epre

sent

dis

solv

ed fr

actio

n.

3Dat

a co

llect

ed J

anua

ry 1

4-16

, 19

91 (

Scie

nce

App

licat

ion

Inte

rnat

iona

l Cor

pora

tion,

199

2).

4Pur

ged

0.9

bore

hole

vol

ume.

Sa

mpl

e co

llect

ed a

t a d

epth

of a

bout

2 fe

et b

elow

the

wat

er s

urfa

ce (

abou

t 30

feet

bel

ow la

nd s

urfa

ce).

Tabl

e 18

. C

once

ntra

tions

of s

elec

ted

inor

gani

c co

nstit

uent

s (a

nion

s) in

gro

und

wat

er in

sel

ecte

d bo

reho

les

and

wel

ls o

pen

to th

e G

alen

a-P

latte

ville

(do

lom

ite)

and

St.

Pet

er S

ands

tone

aqu

ifers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

1991

-95

[All

conc

entr

atio

ns a

re in

mill

igra

ms

per

liter

; na,

not

ana

lyze

d; -

-, co

ncen

trat

ion

belo

w in

stru

men

t rep

ortin

g lim

its]

An

alyt

ical

lab

ora

tory

: U

SG

S,

U.S

. G

eolo

gic

al S

urve

y, N

atio

nal

Wat

er Q

ualit

y La

bora

tory

, A

rvad

a, C

olo.

; U

SE

PA

1, U

.S.

En

viro

nm

enta

l P

rote

ctio

n A

gen

cy c

on

trac

t la

bora

tory

.

Test

int

erva

l, in

fee

t be

low

la

nd s

urf

ace

Dat

e o

f sa

mp

leA

nal

ytic

al

lab

ora

tory

Bro

mid

eC

hlo

rid

eF

luo

rid

eN

itri

te-

Nit

rate

Sili

ca,

as s

ilica

d

ioxi

de

Su

lfat

eA

lkal

inity

, as

cal

cium

ca

rbo

nat

e1

110.

0-11

5.0

05-3

1-95

USG

S

GA

LE

NA

-PL

AT

TE

VIL

LE

AQ

UIF

ER

W

ell A

GT

G30

5GPS

0.11

48

0.

20na

1466

340

246.

4-25

1.4

05-3

1-95

USG

S.0

8W

ell A

GT

G30

5GPD

34.2

na11

5230

0

140.

6-15

1.5

05-3

1-95

USG

S.0

5W

ell P

CH

G11

5BD

9.7

na12

3334

0

Bor

ehol

e PC

HG

127G

P41

.0-5

5.6

55.6

-75.

675

.6-9

5.6

95.6

-115

.611

5.6-

135.

6

135.

6-15

5.6

145.

1-16

6.7

166.

7-18

8.3

188.

3-20

9.8

209.

8-23

1.4

231.

4-25

3.0

253.

0-27

3.8

273.

8-30

1.0

..do.

....

288.

9-29

3.9

..do.

....

..do.

....

52.0

-62.

016

3.0-

173.

029

1.0-

301.

0

206-

18-9

111

-26-

9111

-25-

9111

-22-

9111

-21-

91

11-2

1-91

20

6- 19

-91

206-

21-9

1 20

6-20

-91

..do.

....

206-

20-9

1 20

6-08

-91

206-

06-9

111

-20-

91

01-3

0-92

11-1

2-92

05-3

1-95

01-1

7-94

01-1

3-94

01-1

2-94

USE

PA1

USG

S..d

o....

...d

o....

...d

o....

.

USG

S U

SEPA

1 ..d

o....

. ..d

o....

...d

o....

.

USE

PA1

..do.

....

..do.

....

USG

S

USE

PA1

USG

S..d

o....

.

USG

S..d

o....

...d

o....

.

na na na na na na

na

na

na na na

na

na na na .03

.1 na na na

18.6 4.2

9.4

9.8

9.7

9.0

7.09

3.

76

2.62

7.20

4.87

5.

81

6.31

9.0

Wel

l PC

HG

127G

P13

.2 9.2

11

Bor

ehol

e PC

HG

128G

P31 7.

836

.19

.2 .2 .2 .2 .2

.35

.23

.29

.21

.25

1.8 .1

9.2 na .2 .2 .1 .1 .1

0.69 na na na na na - _ na na na na na na

na na na na na na na na na na na na na na 14 11 13 13 13 13

83.4

18 52 59 58 48 54.1

38.1

26.5

61.8

38.8

41.7

48.7

46

346

441 41 96 85 51

410

330

360

350

340

330

310

310

300

320

300

320

340

340

350

320

340

390

290

300

»

Tabl

e 18

. C

once

ntra

tions

of s

elec

ted

inor

gani

c co

nstit

uent

s (a

nion

s) in

gro

und

wat

er in

sel

ecte

d bo

reho

les

and

wel

ls o

pen

to th

e G

alen

a-P

latte

ville

(do

lom

ite)

and

St.

Pet

er S

ands

tone

aqu

ifers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

1991

-95

Con

tinue

d

Geologic,

Hj Q. o 0 (O 0)

Q. s (D 6 EL ty

Data

from (D (D

O ted

Boreholes

and

> 2. in 5" 0)

Q.

Tes

t int

erva

l, in

fee

t bel

ow

land

sur

face

Dat

e of

A

naly

tical

sa

mpl

e la

bora

tory

Bro

mid

e C

hlor

ide

Fluo

ride

?,

!!"?

" N

itrat

e

Silic

a,

Alk

alin

ity,

as s

ilica

Su

lfat

e as

cal

cium

di

oxid

e ca

rbon

ate1

GA

LE

NA

-PL

AT

TE

VIL

LE

AQ

UIF

ER

Con

tinu

ed

116.

0-12

1.0

253.

5-25

8.5

352.

8-35

7.8

370.

7-37

5.7

do ..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

06-0

1-95

U

SGS

06-0

1-95

U

SGS

05-3

1-95

U

SGS

01-0

6-92

U

SGS

..do.

....

..do.

....

01-3

0-92

U

SEPA

111

-12-

92

USG

S05

-31-

95

..do.

....

0.11 .1

4

.09

na

na

na .01

.03

Wel

l PC

HG

128G

PS26

0.

2 na

Wel

l PC

HG

128G

PD17

.2

na

ST. P

ET

ER

SA

ND

STO

NE

AQ

UIF

ER

Wel

lAG

TG

305S

P74

.2

na

Wel

l PC

HG

127S

P42

.4

0 na

42

.5

0 na

37

na

4.

4.7

.2

0 na

.8

.3 na

14

67

340

13

54

310

14

42

340

na

98

410

na

100

410

15

384

400

11

4.4

340

11

5.2

330

'Alk

alin

ity d

eter

min

ed b

y la

bora

tory

ana

lysi

s.

2Sul

fate

and

flu

orid

e co

ncen

trat

ions

are

est

imat

ed. A

lkal

inity

det

erm

ined

by

field

ana

lysi

s.

3Con

cent

ratio

n is

est

imat

ed. S

peci

fic

reas

ons

why

the

conc

entr

atio

n w

as e

stim

ated

can

be

obta

ined

fro

m th

e U

.S. G

eolo

gica

l Sur

vey.

4S

ulfi

de a

lso

anal

yzed

for

, but

not

det

ecte

d.

to CO

Tabl

e 19

. C

once

ntra

tions

of d

etec

ted

vola

tile

orga

nic

com

poun

ds in

gro

und

wat

er in

sel

ecte

d bo

reho

les

and

wel

ls o

pen

to th

e G

alen

a-P

latte

ville

(do

lom

ite),

St.

Pet

er S

ands

tone

, O

rdov

icia

n, a

nd C

ambr

ian-

Ord

ovic

ian

aqui

fers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

1990

-95

[All

conc

entr

atio

ns a

re in

mic

rogr

ams

per

liter

(fig

/L);

--, c

once

ntra

tion

belo

w in

stru

men

t rep

ortin

g lim

its (

repo

rtin

g lim

its v

ary

amon

g an

alys

es b

ut g

ener

ally

are

less

than

10

M-g

/L);

na, n

ot a

naly

zed;

nn

, not

ana

lyze

d or

not

det

ecte

d; n

d, n

ot d

etec

ted]

Ana

lytic

al L

abor

ator

y:

US

EP

A1,

U.S

. E

nvir

onm

enta

l P

rote

ctio

n A

genc

y (U

SE

PA

) co

ntra

ct la

bora

tory

; U

SGS,

U.S

. G

eolo

gica

l S

urve

y, N

atio

nal W

ater

Qua

lity

Labo

rato

ry,

Arv

ada,

Col

o.;

USE

PA2,

US

EP

A r

egio

nal

labo

rato

ry, C

hica

go,

III.

Tes

t in

terv

al, i

n fe

et b

elow

la

nd s

urfa

ce

Dat

e of

sa

mpl

eA

naly

tical

la

bora

tory

at richloroethen<

H

a> r~ trachloroethel

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0) c m l-Trichloroeth -:

0) £ 1,2-dichloroet 5 |2

1 1,2-Dichloroel

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0)

Q)

C

c c

c m

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Q)

CO

£

*J

£

£

£

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S §

§ 1

0

0

0

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§

c

£

£

£

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=

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0

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ffl

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9 *r

o^

^-

^-

T-~

-g

*~

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u

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96.0

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11-1

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11-1

4-90

11-1

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2-90

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ftQ Q

ft

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....

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....

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....

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....

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....

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....

..do.

....

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....

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USE

PA2

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....

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2236

2324

2304

2211

2245

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6

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361

2331

2145 240

129

fi9

na na na na na na na

na na na na na na na na na na na na na

- - _, 8 -

na na 11.3

na na na na

na 4.4

8.9

8.1

4.4

11.0

223.

212

.3

26.2

14.8

11.9 2.1

is ft

Bor

ehol

e 00

436

Bor

ehol

e PC

HG

115B

D92

-

-

- na na

na

2.5

4.9

- --

na

na8.

5 -

- 25

.5

na

na'lA

<

_

nn

9

7

-5*t

. J

lla

^.

/

42

-

nd

na

nd

na

nd

na11

.9

-

-- nd

na

nd

na

6.0

-- ~

nd

nand

na

nd

nand

na

127

-

- nd

na

1.7

10.1

--

- nd

na

Bor

ehol

e PC

HG

125B

D2.

8 4.

4 --

- nd

na

2.1

3.8

-- --

nd

na1.

2 2.

9 --

~ nd

na

1.4

-- --

nd

na

Id

1 1

-

nrl

na

0.5 na na na

1.1 na na

na na na na na

na na na na na

na na

na na

- na na na

4.1 na na

na na na na na

na na na na na

na na

na na

10.0

na na na

9.6

na na

na na na na na

na na na na na

na na

na na

1.7

nnna

nn

na

nnna

nn

5

nn

na

nnna

nn

na

nn

na

nnna

nn

na

nnna

nn

na

nn

na

nnna

nn

na

nn

na

nn

na

nnna

nn

na

nn

na

nn

119 na na na na na

na na na na na

na na na na na

na na

na na

-- -

- nn nn nn nn nn nn nn

nn nn

-- -

~ nn nn nn

nn nn nn nn nn

nn nn nn n

n

0.11

--

na na na na na

na na

na na na na na

na na na na na

na na na na

- - _ -- _ ..

88

Geologic, Hydrologic, and

Water-Quality Data

from

Selected

Boreholes

and

Wells

In

and

Near

Belvidere,

Illinois, 1989-96

Tab

le 1

9.

Con

cent

ratio

ns o

f det

ecte

d vo

latil

e or

gani

c co

mpo

unds

in g

roun

d w

ater

in s

elec

ted

bore

hole

s an

d w

ells

ope

n to

the

Gal

ena-

Plat

tevi

lle (

dolo

mite

), St

. Pe

ter S

ands

tone

, O

rdov

icia

n, a

nd C

ambr

ian-

Ord

ovic

ian

aqui

fers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

1990

-95 C

ontin

ued

Test

in

terv

al, i

n fe

et b

elow

la

nd s

urfa

ce

115.

5-12

5.5

125.

5-13

5.5

135.

5-14

5.5

36.5

-46.

5 56

.5-6

6.5

86.5

-96.

5 11

6.5-

126.

5 13

6.5-

146.

5 13

6.5-

152.

8

41.0

-55.

6 55

.6-7

5.6

75.6

-95.

6 95

.6-1

15.6

11

5.6-

135.

6

135.

6-15

5.6

145.

1-16

6.7

166.

7-18

8.3

188.

3-20

9.8

209.

8-23

1.4

3231

.4-2

53.0

25

3.0-

273.

8 ..d

o....

. 27

3.8-

301.

0 ..d

o....

.

273.

8-30

1.0

441.

0-3

01.0

..d

o....

.

Dat

e of

sa

mpl

e

12-0

4-90

12

-03-

90

11-2

8-90

11-2

1-90

11

-20-

90

..do.

....

11-1

9-90

11

-26-

90

11-1

9-90

06-1

8-91

11

-26-

91

11-2

5-91

11

-22-

91

11-2

1-91

11-2

1-91

06

-19-

91

06-2

1-91

06

-20-

91

..do.

....

06-2

0-91

06

-08-

91

..do.

....

06-0

6-91

..d

o....

.

11-2

0-91

06

-11-

91

06-1

2-91

Ana

lytic

al

labo

rato

ry

USE

PA2

..do.

....

..do.

....

USE

PA2

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

..do.

....

USE

PA2

USE

PA1

USG

S ..d

o....

. ..d

o....

. ..d

o....

.

USG

S ..d

o....

. ..d

o....

. ..d

o....

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o....

.

USG

S ..d

o....

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o....

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SEPA

1 U

SGS

USG

S U

SEPA

1 ..d

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.

Trichloroethene

2570

23

38

2303 14

7.6 1.8

2.3

17.8

13

.1

1,30

0 22

0 9.7

6 14 40 5 9 14 20

14

20

21

26 31

21 6

Tetrachloroethene

2220

27

2.7

248.

8

1.1 .2 2.2

1

,1

,1

-Trichloroethane

2410

2442

23

54 13.2

4.

8 2.

0 2.

2 14

.9

11.7

900

160 5.

7 3.

8 6.

7

19 22 5 5 14 9 14

24 9.1

11

15

23

Total

1

,2-dichloroethene

na

na

na na

na

na

na

na

na

233 na

na na

na 2.8

22 na 28

2.6

frans-1

,2-Dichloroethene

0.4 - na

na

na

na

na na na

na

na na

na na

na na

na

na

» -c

j:

£

*r

®

° a>

a> T5

8

£ »

° £

S S

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LE

NA

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TE

VIL

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AQ

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ER

Coi

B

oreh

ole

PC

HG

125B

D C

ontin

ued

49.0

7.

1 8.

2 -

0.6

nd

na

36.2

4.

4 4

- -

nd

na

10.0

2.

4 3.

0 --

-

nd

na

Bor

ehol

e PC

HG

126B

D

nd nd nd nd nd

Bor

ehol

e PC

HG

127G

Pna

24

2 23

9 -

na

3 4.

5 3

0.2

.5

.2

.2

- -

na

na

.2

--

na

.2

1.1

.2

--

na

.6

4.6

.8

-- na

na

-

--

na

na

--

--

na

na

2.8

~

-- na

na

na

na

--

na

1.4

1.3

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- na

na

21

2.

7 -

na

na

-

--

na

Chlorobenzene

itinu

i

na

na

na nd

nd

nd

nd

nd

nd -- : -

Ethylbenzene

ed

na

na

na nd

nd

nd

nd

nd

nd - ;; -

m-Xylene,

p-Xylene

na

na

na nd

nd

nd

nd

nd

nd nd

nd

nd

nd

nd nd

nd

nd

nd

nd nd

nd

nd

nd

nd nd

nd

nd

o-Xylene

Methylene

chloride

na

nn

na

nn

na

nn

nd

nn

nd

nn

nd

nn

nd

nn

nd

nn

nd

nn

nd

130

nd

-

nd

- nd

-

nd

-

nd

-- nd

-

nd

--nd

-

nd

-

nd

- nd

~

nd

-

nd

- nd

-

nd

- nd

-

nd

--

TolueneChloromethan

e Chloroform

na nd

-- --

nd

- -

nd

- -

nd

-- -

nd

-- -

nd

-- --

19

- --

4.2

-- -

1.9

-- --

1.

9 --

-

6.9

-

-22

-

7.4

- -

6.3

-- --

3.5

- --

25

- -

Acetone

Carbon

disulfide

4-Methyl-2-pentanone

2-Hexanone

Dichlorodifluoromethane

nn nn

nn

nn

-

nd

- -

- -

nd

- -

- -

nd

-

- -

-

nd

- -

-

- nd

-

- -

26

.. ..

.. ..

- nd

-

-

-- -

20.6

-

- -

-

nd

- -

-

- nd

-

- -

Methyltertbutylether

Unknownl

Unknown2

na na

na

na na

na

na

na

na na

na na na

na

na na

Tabl

e 19

. C

once

ntra

tions

of d

etec

ted

vola

tile

orga

nic

com

poun

ds in

gro

und

wat

er in

sel

ecte

d bo

reho

les

and

wel

ls o

pen

to t

he G

alen

a-P

latte

ville

(do

lom

ite),

St.

Pet

er S

ands

tone

, O

rdov

icia

n, a

nd C

ambr

ian-

Ord

ovic

ian

aqui

fers

und

erly

ing

Bel

vide

re,

III.,

1990

-95

Con

tinue

d0)

V

0,

o> c

o c

we

u c

«££2ccc«*

o, =

-8T

est

|

1

^

1

S |

1

1

I

I

1

0 1

g |

1

inte

rval

, in

Dat

e of

A

naly

tical

*

§ |

^|3ooo§2S

^î.go

feet

bel

ow

sam

ple

labo

rato

ry

2 o

z

uo-gooo^gN

ô

.ô

5

Z

o T

>a.=

f.c.co

«:a>

o.7.c>

<a>

la

nd s

urfa

ce

c.

o =

j,j

1a.S

>.S

>.S

>~

oeoo.e

>«6-5.

=

£

*

"

"

«%>

9

9

9

£

o *

ft

&

t

H

o ^_

A

T

' '-<

"-£

o

7

o H

*"-

2

c .4

T-"

T-~

T-"

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g

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LE

NA

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AT

TE

VIL

LE

AQ

UIF

ER

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tinue

d B

oreh

ole

PCH

G12

8GP

530.

0-32

.0

11-0

1-93

U

SGS

0.4

0.5

0.9

na

-- --

-- -

-- --

8.2

-- -

- na

na

-

..do.

....

12-1

3-93

..d

o....

. 2.

5 2.

6 21

.51

na

-- --

-- -

-- --

11

-- --

-- na

na

52 0

62

0 01

17-

94

USE

PA1

22

na

na51

45.0

-150

.0

11-0

1-93

U

SGS

.4

.4

1.1

na

-- --

-- -

-- --

8.6

-- --

- na

na

--

163.

0-17

3.0

01-1

3-94

U

SEPA

1 -

-- --

- na

na

203.

0-21

3.0

01-1

3-94

U

SEPA

121

3.0-

223.

0 01

-12-

94

..do.

....

5225

.0-2

30.0

11

-01-

93

USG

S .4

.4

.8

-- --

- ~

~ --

- 6.

4 -

- --

na

na

-27

3.0-

283.

0 01

-11-

94

USE

PA1

-- -

21

- -

-- -

- -

- 21

49Q

1 fL

-^fi

l fi

fi

t 1

9

Q4

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PA

! 2i

2i

c

OR

DO

VIC

IAN

AQ

UIF

ER

Bor

ehol

e 00

305

630.

0-32

.0

01-1

0-95

U

SGS

1.1

-- --

-- na

na

-

-- -

- -

0.3

- ^.

19

na

na

6113

.0-1

15.0

..d

o....

. ..d

o....

. 1.

2 --

-- --

na

na

-- --

- --

-- 2.

19

- --

na

na

-

CA

MB

RIA

N-O

RD

OV

ICIA

N A

QU

IFE

R

Wel

l BM

W2

76.0

-8.0

07

-20-

93

USE

PA1

4 -

-- --

na

na

- -

- --

- -

- -

na

na

--

V

8 1

S '

°

*a

E -E

2

2 E

I 11

1 ! H

io

S£o5-iw

~I2

o

S<

.g

>.X

-D

5 3

1 N

|4

o Q

na

na

na

na

0.

2 na

na

na

na

23

28

na

na

na

na

na

na

na

na

.. 4

.. ..

.. ..

..

Methyltertbutylether

na

na na

na

na na

na 20.1

1

na

Unknownl

Unknown2

29

21?

na

212

220

218

233

232

222

na 225

215

'Gra

b sa

mpl

e pu

mpe

d fr

om u

npur

ged

bore

hole

ope

n fr

om 2

7.5-

215

feet

bel

ow la

nd s

urfa

ce.

Con

cent

rati

on is

est

imat

ed. S

peci

fic

reas

ons

why

the

conc

entr

atio

n w

as e

stim

ated

can

be

obta

ined

fro

m th

e U

.S. G

eolo

gica

l Sur

vey.

3P

urge

d 0.

9 bo

reho

le v

olum

e.

Firs

t con

cent

ratio

n re

pres

ents

sam

ple

colle

cted

at t

he s

tart

of a

n aq

uife

r tes

t (ab

out 4

50 g

allo

ns p

umpe

d); s

econ

d co

ncen

trat

ion

repr

esen

ts s

ampl

e co

llect

ed a

t the

end

of a

n aq

uife

r tes

t (a

bout

30,

000

gallo

ns p

umpe

d).

Gra

b sa

mpl

e pu

mpe

d fr

om u

npur

ged

bore

hole

ope

n fr

om 3

0 to

310

fee

t. G

rab

sam

ple

pum

ped

from

unp

urge

d bo

reho

le o

pen

from

33

to 6

05 f

eet.

7Gra

b sa

mpl

e ba

iled

from

unp

urge

d bo

reho

le o

pen

from

50

to 1

,860

fee

t.

Table 20. Estimated concentrations of detected semivolatile organic compounds in ground water in municipal well BMW2 in Belvidere, III., July 20, 1993[Sample collected about 2 feet below the water surface and about 8 feet below land surface. Concentrations are in micrograms per liter]

Semivolatile ~. ... Concentration organic compound______________

Di-n-butylphthalate 1Unknown hydrocarbon 3

Unknown 1 8Unknown2 6Unknown3 2


APPENDIXES

APPENDIX 1. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND UNITS USED IN APPENDIXES

Well-completion Records Geophysical Logs

USGSNo.ft#Ibs.mmpvcW.T.sch.in.ID.WRDBMGPS

U.S. Geological Surveynumberfeetnumberpoundsmillimeterspolyvinylchloridewater tablescheduleinchesinside diameterWater Resources DivisionbenchmarkGlobal Positioning System

AT acoustic televiewerBHF borehole flowCAL three-arm caliper, in inchesGAM natural-gamma activity, in counts

per secondgpm gallons per minute NEUT(F) neutron (far), in counts per second NEUT(N) neutron (near), in counts per

secondRES(FL) resistivity (fluid), in ohm-meters RES (L) lateral resistivity RES(16N) resistance (16-inch normal), in

ohm-meters RES(64N) resistance (64-inch normal), in

ohm-meters SP spontaneous potential, in

millivoltsSPR single-point resistance, in ohms TEMP-C temperature, in degrees Celsius TEMP-F temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit

Appendix 1 93

APPENDIX 2. COMPLETION RECORDS FOR SELECTED WELLS IN BELVIDERE, ILL

[See appendix 1 for list of abbreviations and units used in appendix 2.]

94 Geological, Hydrological, and Water-Quality Data from Selected Boreholes and Wells In and Near Belvidere, Illinois, 1989-96

Site: 4215480885018

WELL-COMPLETION RECORDrUno

County: Boone Well No.: P436B, G436GPS, P436BD

Site Name: 615 Lincoln Ave. Belvidere, III.

Drilling Contractor:

Driller: Unknown

Grid Coordinates:Latitude

Darr Silvius

Geologist:

Drilling Method: Cable tool?

ANNULAR SPACE DETAILS:

Type of Surface Seal: Unknown

421548 Longitude 0885018

Date Drilling Started: 1969

Unknown Date Drilling Ended: 1969

Drilling Fluid (type): Unknown

Type of Annular Sealant: Portland cement TypeGranular Bentonite

Amount of cement: # of t Amount of bentonite: # o

Type of bentonite seal (gra

jags 0.25 ibs. per bag 94

ALTITUDE ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL, IN FEET DISTANCE FROM LAND SURFACE IN FEET

767.36 Ai*:t..^.T»n «f n:..r D;^.

1 -6 Riser StickuosL J| - -

f bags 25.5 Ibs. per bag 50nular, pellets): granular, 3-6mm ____

Type of Sand Pack: 0.35 - 0.45, 0.45 - 1 mm,

Amount of Sand: # of bags Type of Gravel Pack:

Amount of Gravel: # of bag

Source of Sand/Gravel:

WELL CONSTRUCTH

Date of 05-08-96 Construction: 05-10-96

Riser Coupling Joint

Riser pipe above W.T.

Riser pipe below W.T.

Screen

Coupling joint screen to riser

End cap

Surface Casing

Protective Casing

6.13-6 mm

s 6

Silica Sand ^

Ibs. per bag 50 ^Pea Gravel ^

Ibs. pei' bag 50 ^

ON MATERIALS: |

Stainless Steel

Specify Type

Teflon Specify Type

PVC Specify Type

sch. 80

sch. 80

sch. 80

sch. 80

Other Specify Type

Black Steel

None

MEASUREMENTS: P436BD G436GPS P436B

Riser pipe length

Protective casing length

Screen length

Top of open screen to first joint

Bottom of open screen to end cap

End cap

Dimensions of surface casing

Screen slot size

No. of openings in screen

.D. of riser pipe

Diameter of bore hole

196.6ft 103.9ft 31 .6ft

5.0ft 5.0ft 5.0ft

0.01ft 0.19ft 0.01ft

5 in x 29.1 ft

10 slot 10 slot

0.75 in 2.0 in 0.75 in

5 in

Well Constructed Bv: USGS - WRD, Pat Mills (III.), Dave Schrader(IIL)Im

g

\

\

,

1tT^fu

tf e a < , .»

1- «

1(5K35

H£WWW

Surveyed Bv: USGS-Mills BM PCHG127GP - GPS

Form Completed Bv: USGS - Mills

^^"v- i.o Top of Surface Casing ^ Top of Portland Cement

765.8 Altitude of Land Surface

!i 5.0 Top of Bentonite. Granular

55 20.3 Top of fine sand

I, 27.5 Bottom of Surface Casing

\ 27.7 TOD of Gravel

30.0 Top of Screen

35.0 Bottom of Screen^ 36.0 Top of Fine Sand

X 40.6 Top of Bentonite, Granular

98.3 Top of Fine Sand 100.4 Top of Medium Sand

Xs 1 01 .0 TOD of Gravel\v 102.3 Top of Screen

105.0 Fracture

1 07.3 Bottom of Screen107.9 Top of Fine Sand

\ 1 1 1 .6 Top of Bentonite, Granular

1 91 .4 Top of Fine Sand "^ 1 93.8 Top of Medium Sand* 194.1 Top of Gravel

v^ 195.0 Top of Screen

199.7 TOD of Medium Sand200.0 Bottom of Screen

\ 200,1, Bottom of Borehole

Site: 4215080885116_____________

Site Name: 726 Columbia Ave. Belvidere, III.

WELL-CX)MPLET!ON RECORD

____ County: Boone______Wel1 No - :

AG 7 G305GPS, G305GPD, G305SP

Grid Coordinates:Latitude 421508 Longitude 0805116

Drilling Contractor____

Driller: Unknown

P.E. Millis

_Geologist: Unknown

Drilling Method: Cable tool? Drilling Fluid (type):

_Date Drilling Started:,

Date Drilling Ended:

Unknown

1924

1924

ANNULAR SPACE DETAILS:Type of Surface Seal: UnknownType of Annular Sealant: Portland cement Type I; Aguaguard

Bentonite Grout

779.

Amount of cement: # of bags 1 -5 Ibs. per bag Amount of bentonite: # of bags 117 Ibs. per bag

Type of bentonite seal (granular, pellets): granular _______54 50 Ib. bags ___

9450

Type of Sand Pack: ___

Amount of Sand: # of bags_ Type of Gravel Pack: _____

0.35 -1 mm Silica Sand

32 Ibs. per bag 503-6 mm Pea Gravel

Amount of Gravel: # of bags.

Source of Sand/Gravel: __

20 Ibs. per bag 50

WELL CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS:

Date of 1-30-95-

Construction: 2-09-95




Screen


End cap

Surface Casing

Protective Casing

Stainless Steel

Specify Type

Teflon Specify Type

PVC Specify Type

sch. 80

sch. 80

sch. 80

sch. 80

sch. 80

Other Specify Type

Black Steel

None

MEASUREMENTS: G305SP G305GPD G305GPS

Riser pipe length

Protective casin lenth

Screen length


Bottom of open screen ta end cap

End cap


Screen slot size


.D. of riser pipe


355.2ft 249.1ft 113.0ft

5.0ft 5.0ft 5.0ft

0.35 ft 0.35 ft 0.35 ft

1 2 in x 33.5 ft

10 slot 10 slot 10 slot

2.0 in 2.0 iin 2.0 in

12 in

Well Constructed By: USGS-WRD, Pat Mills Surveyed By: USGS-Mills BM MW-1________

I.), Jim Rauman (Wi.)

Form Completed By: USGS - Mills

ALTITUDE ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL, IN FEET DISTANCE FROM LAND SURFACE IN FEET

780 -24 AltitudeTop of Riser Pipes 2.4, 2.7, 3.0 Riser Stickups

V___4____ Top of Surface Casing; Top of Portland Cement

1, t» mm

sxxss

777.2778.2

Attitude of Land Surface ' Aftitude at Grade

1.6 Top of Bontonite, Granular

27.6 Top of RAntnnitn ttrouf

33.1103.7

-^. 106.4

Bottom of Surface Casing Top of Bentonite, Granular Top of Fine Sand

Top of Gravel Top of Screen

113-1 Fracture

115.0

118.6

125.6

Bottom of ScreenTop of Fine Sand

Top of Bentonite, Granular Top of Bentonite Grout

41238.2 Top of Bentonite, Granular

Top of Fine Sand , Top of Medium Sand Top of Screen246.

4-

\ 248.4 Top of Gravel

^ 251.1 Fracture

251.4 Bottom of Screen ^ 254.0_Topof Medium Sand

254.9 Top of Fine Sand\ 255.1 Top of Bentonita, Granular

>^ 263.6 Top of Bentonite Grout

348.7 Top of Bentonite, Granular351.7 Top of Fine Sand

f/ 35P.fi Top of Screen

^ Top of353 -6 St. Peter Sandstone354.7 Top of Gravel

grout to 376 f

357.8 Bottom of Screen 361.6 Top of Fine Sand 364.0 Top of Bentonite, Granular

Bottom of

WELL-COMPLETION RECORD

Site: 4216070885015 County: Boone Well No.: PCHG125B

Site Name: Parson's Casket Hardware Grid Coordinates:Latitude 0421608 Longitude 00085015

Drilling Contractor^

Driller:

USGS Wisconsin

Bart Manion _Geologist: Pat MillsHollow Stem Auger (6.25 in) 0-31 ft

Drilling Method: Water Rotary 31 -37 ft_______ Drilling Fluid (type):_

_Date Drilling Started:,

Date Drilling Ended:_

Water 31-37 ft

6-4-91

6-5-91

ANNULAR SPACE DETAILS:

Type of Surface Seal:__ Type of Annular Sealant:

Quick Crete

Portland Cement Type I

Amount of cement: # of bags 4.5 Amount of bentonite: # of bags

Type of bentonite seal (granular, pellets):

1 Bucket = 50 Ibs.

Ibs. per bag 94

Ibs. per bag _____

Pellets

p«MMM-_HMPM-g -v. i Miser OlICKUp

3* § 5SS ~ ^ ^V"" 783.0 Altitude of Land ii^^S §&&;r4K

Type of Sand Pack:


Amount of Gravel: # of bags


WELL CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

0.35 - 0.45 mm Silica Sand

Ibs. per bag 100

Stainless Steel

Specify Type

TeflonSpecifyType

Date of Construction:





Protective Casing

MEASUREMENTS

Riser pipe length

Protective casing length 10.25 in x 1.25ft




Screen slot size


I.D. of riser pipe

9.625 in } 0-31 ftDiameter of bore hole

4.875 in} 31-37 ft

ALTITUDE ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL, IN FEET DISTANCE FROM LAND SURFACE, IN FEET

782.90 Altitude Top of Riser Pipe

0.1 Riser Stickup

Surface

Well Constructed By: USGS - WRD Pat Mills (III.). Bart Manion (Wi.) Surveyed By: USGS - Illinois BM PCHG125D____________Form Completed By: USGS - Mills________________

0.2 TOP of Portland Cement 2.0 Bottom of Surface Seal

21.0 Top of Bentonite Pellets

Top of Fine Sand

Bottom of Surface Casing

31.2 Top of Screen

36.2 Bottom of Screen

37.0 Bottom of Borehole


Site: 04216080885013 Countv: Boone Well No.: PCHG127GP

Site Name: Parson's Casket Hardware Grid Coordinates:Latitude

Drilling Contractor: USGS Coal Branch

0421608 Longitude 00885013

Date Drillina Started: 4-27-91

Driller: Dan Cheevy Geologist: Pat Mills Date Drillina Ended: 4-27-91Mud Rotary 0-41 ft

Drilling Method: Air Hammer 41-301 ft Drilling Fluid (type): Benseal/Water

ANNULAR SPACE DETAILS:Type of Surface Seal: Quick Crete .Type of Annular Sealant: Portland Cement Type 1

Amount of cement: # of Amount of bentonite: # c


bags 7 Ibs. per bag 94 f bags 1 1 Ibs. per bag 50

nular. pellets): Volclay _p,,i«f

Type of Sand Pack: 0.35 - 0.45 mm Silica Sand




WELL CONSTRUCTK

Date of 12-10-91- Construction: 12-11-91




Screen


Protective Casing

Surface Casing

1.1 Ibs. per baa 1003-6 mm Pea- Gravel

s 2 ibs. oerbag 100

3N MATERIALS:Stainless

Steel Teflon PVC Other Specify Specify Specify Specify Type Type Type Type

T304

T304

T304

T304

T304

Black Pipe

Black Steel

MEASUREMENTS

Riser pipe lenqlh


Screen length



End cap


Screen slot size


.D. of riser pipe


290.3 ft

10inx 5ft

5.01 ft

0.167ft

0.167ft

0.25ft

8 in x 41 ft

0.01 in

857

2.067 in

1 2 in } 0-41 ft

6 in } 41 -301 ft

t\' ' >

s\ \ \

s sSy

'//////////////A

Well Constructed By: USGS - WRD , Pat Mills (III.), Bart Manion (Wi.)Surveyed By: USGS - Illinois BM PCHG 1 1 6DForm Completed By: USGS - Mills


I

i' a

#

£ *' : &»s«°(- i

=

=sss

i1

i%&8s«Hn I<X»

&fi«<<$«

i i$SSoo<Sfifi38 i§ 1 i8iH 588sH8JXX

1

irx»?

.» ' .: ,* ! 's-:B 'o*

ir $.' ' « >

1 Z85^2D_ Altitude Top of Riser Pipe

,.. J.-.1,.,.... Riser Stir. kup

. , ,9:,§. Top of Rnrfanfl Casing

Top of Portland Cement

J ^\BnnB 783 ft Altitude of Land Surface

s«§ \^ \ 2-° 'Bottom of Rurfare RealJ

^ 1 1 .3 Top of Volclav Grout

^ 41 .0 Bottom of Surface Casino

279.2 Top of Fine Sand

282.8 T°P of Gravel

288.9 Top of Screen



301 .0 Bottom of Borehole

Site: 4216080885013


County: Boone Well No.: PCHG127SP

Site Name: Parson's Casket Hardware Grid Coordinates:Latitude 0421608 Longitude 00885013

Drilling Contractor: USGS Coal Branch

Driller: Todd Hunter Geologist:r> .. L .i Mud Rotary CK35 ft, Ar Hammer 35- 300 ft Drilling Method: Coring 300-394 ft

ANNULAR SPACE DETAILS:Type of Surface Seal: Quick Crete

Type of Annular Sealant: Portland CementVolclay Bentonite

Amount of cement: # of

Amount of bentonite: # c


Type 1;Grout

Date Drilling Started: 12-6-91

Pat Mills Date Drilling Ended: 12-8-91

Drilling Fluid (type): Benseal/Water


bags 5.5 Ibs. per bag 94

f bags 15.25 Ibs. per bag 50

nular, pellets): Volclay ___ ,

Type of Sand Pack: 0.35 - 0.45 mrn Silica Sand

Amount of Sand: # of bags

Type of Gravel Pack:



WELL CONSTRUCTK

Date of 12-10-91- Construction: 1 2-1 3-91




Screen


Protective Casing

Surface Casing

0.6 Ibs. per bag 1 003-6 mrn Pea Gravel

s 1.2 Ibs. per bag 100

3N MATERIALS:

Stainless Steel

Specify Type

T304

T304

T304

T304

T304

MEASUREMENTS

Riser pipe length


Screen length



End cap


Screen slot size


.D. of riser pipe


Teflon Specify Type

PVC Specify Type

371.

10inx

5ft

5ft

Other Specify Type

Black Pipe

Black Steel

5.01 ft

0.167ft

0.167ft

0.25 ft

8 in x

0.01

35ft

in

857

2.067 in

12 in) 0-35 ft

6 in } 35-300 ft

4.875 in } 300-394 ft

Well Constructed By: USGS - WRD Pat Mills (

t\ ': ' >\ \ \ \ \ \ \ s,Jy N S

S XSSvs,Vs\s,\ \ \s s

III.), Bart Manion (Wi.)Surveyed By: USGS - Illinois BM PCHG1 16D

Form Completed By: USGS - Mills

I8882 «5«OQQ 388? XSJS oooOCX/vSx>OCX/

3§§5

§J8XX? $88xx?XX? XX? xxj

1I II I88?88?

>88 88?n88858m m m88jXX?88c

1i ia0t

'.'i,

>eJ'

a»

?,

=

^

sss

=1

IX5&^ 588?m m<5<X> 588? <88> «s8?<xx>OO&

JyJj 88j

^ vvjOC3< OCX OCX

?8?w iX5<{XXjxfiX/v Vi?<Xx>88OQ^<xx

lis88 1 1<S6</Vv

<XxOCX<xx oocOCX?H«i11OCXAfV88?

1t

n!

0 a

B «

'"

£*X

785.28 Altitude Top of Riser Pipe

1 .8 Riser Stickup

1 -0 Top of Surface CasingTop of Portland Cement

y ^v '-^Viwp« 783-5 Altitude of Land Surface!i - ^ "* 1-9 Bottom of Surface Seal5;

I

^ 35-° Bottom of Surface Casing

300.0 TOD of Cored Hole


366.0 Top of Gravel

370.7 Top of Screen



379.2 Top of Bentonite, Granular

?vv* m^-,- ..,.. «rmpm OT n"r«n"'"

Site: 421615088502702


_____ County: Boone________

Site Name: Municipal Well No. 6

Drilling Contractor: USGS Coal Branch_______

Driller: Todd Hunter__________Geologist:

________ Well No.:

Grid Coordinates:Latitude 0421615 Longitude

PCH G128GPS. G128GPD

0885027

_Date Drilling Started: 10-26-93

Pat Mills Date Drilling Ended: 10-30-93rx . .. ,_ -i Drilling Method:

Mud Rotary 0-30 ft Air Hammer 30-310. ft Drilling Fluid (type):_ Quick Gel/Water

ANNULAR SPACE DETAILS:Type of Surface Seal: None

Type of Annular Sealant: Portland Cement Type 1; Super Gel-X Bentonite Grout

784.74 ,__

Ibs. per bag _ Ibs. per bag _

Type of bentonite seal (granular, pellets): Super Gel-X

Amount of cement: # of bags 3

Amount of bentonite: # of bags 8

94

50


785.05 AltitudeTop of Riser Pipes

Riser Stickups

2.2 Top of Surface Casing; Top of Portland Cement

782.0 Altitude of Land Surface

Type of Sand Pack: 0.35 - 0.45 mm Silica Sand

Amount of Sand: # of bags_ Type of Gravel Pack: ___

4.0 Ibs. per bag 503-6 mm Pea Gravel

Amount of Gravel: # of bags.

Source of Sand/Gravel: __

6.5 Ibs. per bag 50

WELL CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS:

Date of 01-25-94 Construction: 02-01-94




Screen


End cap

Surface CasingProtective Casing

Stainless Steel

Specify Type

T304

T304

Teflon Specify Type

PVC Specify Type

sch. 80

sch. 80

sch. 80

Other Specify Type

Black Steel

None

MEASUREMENTS: G128GPD G128GPS

Riser pipe lengthProtective casing length

Screen length

Top of open screen to first jointBottom of open screen to end capEnd capDimensions of surface casingScreen slot size


.D. of riser pipe


256.2 ft 119.1 ft

5.00 ft 5.00ft

0.5ft 0.5ft

0.4ft 0.4ft

0.35 ft 0.35ft

6 in x 32 ft

20 slot 10 slot

2.0 in 2.0 in

10 in }0-30 ft

6 in) 30-31 Oft

Well Constructed By: USGS-WRD. Pat Mills (III.). Jim Rauman (Wi.) Surveyed By: USGS - Mills BM PCHG125B: BM GPS =+0.34 ft Form Completed By: USGS - Mills________________

1 1 .4 Top of Bentonite Grout

30.0 Bottom of Surface Casing >>. 31.01 Top of Bentonite, Granular

33.0 Top of Bentonite Grout

Top of Fine Sand

Top of Gravel

Top of Screen

Top of Fine Sand Bottom of Screen

Top of Bentonite Grout


250.4 Top of Gravel

253.5 Top of Screen

Bottom of ScreenTop of Fine Sand Top of Bentonite Pellets Top of Fine Sand Top of Gravel Top of Fine Sand Top of Bentonite Pellets Bottom of Borehole

/oo

APPENDIX 3. DETAILED LITHOLOGIC DESCRIPTIONS OF ROCK CORES FROM SELECTED BOREHOLES IN BELVIDERE, ILL, AS PROVIDED BY THE ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

[See table 3 for stratigraphic classification of rock cores.]

Appendix 3 101

CO

MPA

NY

: U

SGS-

WR

D-U

rban

a (U

SEPA

)FA

RM

: P

arso

n's

Cas

ket-

Har

dwar

e C

o. #

G12

5BC

OR

E N

O:

C-1

3645

D

AT

E D

RIL

LE

D.-A

pril

9, 1

991

ELEV

ATI

ON

: +

783.

0 fe

et M

SL (

USG

S)L

OC

AT

ION

: ~

250'

NL,

~11

20'

WL,

NE

NW

NW

CO

UN

TY

: B

OO

NE

Stud

y by

Zak

aria

Las

emi

and

Mic

hael

Sar

gent

A

ugus

t 19

92

30.0

to

37.0

fee

t (5

.5 f

eet

reco

vere

d)

Dol

omite

, pa

le

yello

wis

h br

own

to g

rayi

sh o

rang

e an

d m

oder

ate

yello

wis

h br

own

(10Y

R 6

/2 t

o 10

YR

7/4

and

10Y

R 5

/4)

mot

tled

very

pal

e or

ange

(10

YR

8/2

) w

ith a

few

mot

tling

s of

dar

k ye

llow

ish

oran

ge (

10Y

R 6

/6)

and

a fe

w w

ith i

ron-

oxid

e st

aini

ng o

f ve

ry d

ark

red

to m

oder

ate

redd

ish

brow

n (5

R

2/6

to 1

0R 4

/6);

dol

omite

is

mos

tly f

ine,

bec

omes

med

ium

in

slig

htly

lea

ched

mot

tled

are

a; i

t is

slig

htly

arg

illac

eous

an

d co

ntai

ns f

requ

ent

pape

r-th

in s

hale

par

tings

and

/or

styl

olite

s us

ually

spa

ced

3-4

inch

es a

part

; ro

ck i

s, in

par

t, sl

ight

ly f

ossi

lifer

ous

incl

udin

g m

olds

and

vug

s of

ga

stro

pods

and

pel

ecyp

ods;

it

is bu

rrow

ed a

nd b

iotu

rbat

ed

thro

ugho

ut;

it is

, in

par

t, sl

ight

ly v

uggy

, vu

gs r

ange

fro

m

pin-

head

to

mat

ch-h

ead

up t

o 1A

inc

h ac

ross

, so

me

vugs

ar

e fo

ssil-

mol

dic,

but

a f

ew l

arge

r on

es a

ppea

r to

be

due

to l

each

ing

of d

olom

ite;

dolo

mite

is

also

slig

htly

lea

ched

USG

S-W

RD

(U

SE

PA

) B

OO

NE

Pars

on's

Cas

ket-

Hdw

. #G

125B

25

-44N

-3E

and

vesi

cula

r, es

peci

ally

in

mot

tled

area

, st

rong

ly l

each

ed

at 2

inc

hes

belo

w t

he t

op a

nd 6

inc

hes

abov

e th

e ba

se;

over

all

visi

ble

poro

sity

ave

rage

s to

abo

ut 5

%±

; ir

on-s

tain

s in

som

e in

terv

als,

esp

ecia

lly a

t 31

.4-3

1.6

feet

; it

is ba

nded

in

som

e zo

nes

with

alt

erna

ting

oxi

dize

d (r

ed)

and

redu

ced

band

s.

Roc

k is

bro

ken

into

1-4

inc

h pi

eces

, in

par

t, al

ong

shal

y pa

rtin

gs/s

tylo

lites

; m

ost

of th

e br

eaka

ge,

how

ever

, ap

pear

s to

be

mec

hani

cal;

vert

ical

fra

ctur

es a

t 33

.1-3

3.2,

34

.4-3

4.8,

34.

9-35

.0 f

eet;

vert

ical

and

a'fe

w h

oriz

onta

l ha

irlin

e fr

actu

res

thro

ugho

ut

The

re i

s ab

out

1.5

feet

of

core

los

s in

the

uni

t.

PAM

:BC

AS\

ZA

K\G

-125

-B.P

CH

USG

S-W

RD

(U

SE

PA

) B

OO

NE

Pars

on's

Cas

ket-

Hdw

. #G

125B

25-4

4N-3

E

COMPANY: USGS-WRD-Urbana (USEPA)FARM: Parson's Casket-Hardware Co. #G115BDCORE No.: C-13646DATE DRILLED: July 16, 1990ELEVATION: +782.5' MSL (USGS)LOCATION: ~330' NL, "1390' WL, 25-44N-3ECOUNTY No.: 22587

Sample study by Michael Sargent and Zakaria Lasemi August 1992; revised Dec. 1994

Dolomite, very pale yellow to pinkish gray (10YR 8/2 to SYR 8/1); mottled pale yellowish orange to grayish orange (10YR 8/6 to 10YR 7/4) throughout; grayish red to dusky red iron-oxide stain at 44.8 & 45.0 feet; dolomite is mostly medium crystalline, but becomes coarser in the leached beds and mottlings, in part slightly calcareous and slightly pyritic, slightly argillaceous to argillaceous throughout; slightly fossiliferous throughout, more fossiliferous in a few 1/2- to 1-inch-thick fossil-moldic beds, identifiable fossils include gastropod molds and casts and pelecypod vugs throughout, and rare poorly preserved receptaculites near the base; in addition, there are traces of identifiable carbonaceous fragments; a large gastropod X 1.5 inches long at 44.4 feet; the rock is porous throughout, pore types include: 1) fossil moldic porosity throughout the unit ranging from pin-head to match-head up to 1-inch across; 2) vesicular porosity is common in the upper 25 feet in leached beds and blotches (mottlings); 3) vugs or solution cavities resulting from dissolution of dolomite; these vugs are probably the more advanced stage of dissolution started in slightly leached, vesicular zones; these solution cavities are variable in size, but can reach 1-2 inches across and are present throughout; paper-thin wavy shale partings (mostly stylolites) spaced 1-8 inches apart occur frequently throughout; in addition to the shaly partings/stylolites there are a few very argillaceous dolomite beds 1/2-4 inches thick throughout; some of the more prominent argillaceous zones occur at 43.9-44.1, 44.7-45.0, and 47.5-48.7 feet. Rock is mostly broken into 1-10-inch pieces along stylol?tes and/or shaly partings; interval from 42.0-43.6 feet is thin bedded (1-2 inches) with paper-thin shaly partings and/or argillaceous dolomite interlaminations; in part banded with oxidized (iron-oxide stained) and reduced bands. It is broken mechanically into small pieces along weak planes or

USGS-WRD (USEPA) Parson's Casket-Hdw. #G115BD BOONE 25-44N-3E

fractures in leached zones at 42.2-42.3, 45.9-46.0, 47.7- 47.8,50.0-50.3, 50.6-51.0, and 54.4-54.6 feet; a few vertical and horizontal healed/partially healed fractures and stylolites throughout.

41.6 to 55.7'

Dolomite, very pale orange to pinkish gray (10YR 8/2 to 5YR 8/1); interbedded with moderate yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and mottled with pale yellowish orange to grayish orange(10YR 8/6 to 10YR 7/4) from 55.7 to "67 feet; basal part of the unit from 66.6 to 80.2 feet is mostly light brownish gray to pale yellowish brown(SYR 6/1 to 10YR 6/2), in part, slightly spotted and specked dark gray (N3), slightly mottled yellowish brown (10YR 3/4); grayish red to dusky red iron-oxide stain at 61.8 feet; paper- thin wavy shaly partings and/or stylolites, olive black to brownish black (5Y 2/1 to SYR 2/1) in lower 14 feet, but becomes indistinguishable from the dolomite color in the more oxidized part above 66.6 feet; dolomite is mostly medium crystalline but becomes coarser in the leached beds and areas of mottling; slightly pyritic with pyrite lined vug at 80.0 feet; several receptaculites lumps on the bedding surface at 77.5 feet; waxy clay on break at 68.7 feet (possibly Dygerts K-bentonite that has mostly washed out). Some burrow or ghost burrow mottlings in some intervals; rock is more porous ("15%) above 66.6 feet, is less porous (5-10%) in the lower part of the unit; pore types include: 1) fossil-moldic porosity throughout generally ranging from pin-head to match-head with some up to 1/4-inch across; 2) vesicular porosity is very common 55.7-66.6 feet and occurs in leached beds and blotches (mottlings), vesicular porosity in the lower 14 feet is mainly limited to some leached areas, mostly 1/4-1 inch across; 3) vugs and solution cavities resulting from dissolution of dolomite, these vugs are probably the more advanced stage of dissolution started in slightly leached, vesicular zones; these solution cavities are variable in size, but can reach 1-2 inches across and are present throughout though most common in the zone from 55.7-66.6; prominent dissolution zones with large solution cavities at 58.1, 52.5, 59.7, 63.0-63.6 feet. Core is broken mechanically into small pieces along weak planes or fractures in leached zones at 76.9-77.0 feet and about 2 inches at the base; vertical fractures at 57.0-57.2 feet; a few vertical and horizontal healed/ partially healed fractures and stylolites throughout; the transition to the underlying unit is gradational. It is placed at 80.2 feet below which the dolomite becomes pure with very few paper-thin shaly partings.

55.7 to 80.2'

Dolomite, very light brownish gray to light brownish gray (5YR 7/1 to 5YR 6/1) with beds and blotches of grayish orange (10YR 7/4 to 10YR 6/4); some pale brown (5YR 5/2) and medium gray (N5) mottlings; shaly partings and/or stylolitic contacts of brownish black to olive black (5YR 2/1 to 5Y 2/1) ;


dolomite is. mostly medium crystalline but coarser in leached areas, coarse secondary dolomite in some vugs, e.g. at 89.3 and 90.1 feet, rock is fossiliferous to slightly fossiliferous throughout, fossils are mostly molds or vugs and include gastropods and some pelecypods; traces of brachiopods and common small unidentified siliceous fragments throughout; a silicified rugose coral at 102.8 feet; Receptaculites at 108.6 feet; burrow mottling ghosts and bioturbation throughout; more prominent burrows at 91.6-95.0 feet; some white, chalky chert 105.0-105.6 feet. Rock is porous throughout with 15-20% porosity; pore types include: 1) vuggy porosity (some fossil-moldic) ranging from pin- head to match-head up to % inch across; 2) vesicular porosity in leached and partially leached areas; 3) larger solution vugs %-2 inches across, resulting from dissolution of dolomite; 4) cylindrical vugs, possibly borings or selectively leached burrows; this type of porosity is especially common at 91.6-95.0 feet and somewhat common in upper part of the unit, 80.2-91.6 feet; it is rare elsewhere. Vesicular porosity in partially leached zones and solution vugs are the most common pore types and occur frequently throughout. Paper-thin shaly partings (stylolitic contacts) spaced 4-10 inches apart in upper 16.0 feet, becoming, in part, more closely spaced at 1-5 inches elsewhere; prominent shaly and/or stylolitic zones at 95.2-96.1, 99.3-99.4, 101.3-101.6, 102.0-102.1, 108.0-108.5 feet; possible hardgrounds at 2 inches below the top and at 97.0, 99.3, 108.6 feet; contact with overlying unit is gradation; rock is broken into 1-10-inch pieces mostly along stylolites and shaly partings; it is broken into small pieces at 84.0-84.3, 104.8-105.6 feet due to fracturing and/or intense leaching; major vertical fractures are absent but there are some small (1-2-inch) single broken pieces in leached zones.

80.2 to 110.6'

No core (missing?) 110.6 to 120.5'

Dolomite as above but less porous; it is, in part, vesicular and slightly vuggy; larger solution vugs, similar to those described above, are essentially absent; overall visible porosity averages between 5-10%; stylolitic contacts 1-5 inches apart are frequent throughout; top 2 inches is very stylolitic with numerous stylolites; hardgrounds at 122.0, 123.6, 124.0, 124.5 (?), 126.3, and base at 127.0 feet; two well-preserved receptaculites at 125.0 and 125.7 feet; several silicified brachiopods at 126.75 feet (4 inches above the base).

120.5 to 127.O 1

Dolomite, light brownish gray to very light brownish gray (5YR 6/1 to SYR 7/1) in upper 13.5 feet, becoming mostly very light brownish gray in lower 8.0 feet; it is mostly light gray (N7) with brownish tinge at 140.5-142.5 feet; dolomite is mottled medium-dark to dark gray (N4 to N3) in upper one foot and


at 140.5-142.5 feet; dark to dark grayish black and brownish black (N3 to N2 and SYR 2/1) along shaly partings and/or stylolites and hardground surfaces; leached blotches and mottlings of grayish orange (10YR 8/4) throughout. Dolomite is mostly medium crystalline but coarser in leached areas, fine to medium at 140.5-142.5, slightly fossiliferous including brachiopods and unidentifiable white silicified fragments (possibly crinoids); one receptaculites at 146.7 feet; other fossils include rare molds and vugs of gastropods and pelecypods; prominent fossil-moldic grainstone/packstone at 146.6-146.7, 147.7-147.85 feet; burrowed and bioturbated throughout, but more prominent in upper 3.5 feet and at 140.5-142.5 feet; rock has about 10-15% porosity mostly of vesicular and solution vug types; other less common pore types include fossil-moldic and selectively leached cylindrical burrows or borings; vesicular pores are mainly in mottles and blotches up to 2-3 inches across; these vesicular zones have developed into numerous solution vugs (2-3 inches across) due to intense leaching and dissolution; prominent leached zones with solution vugs at 127.8-128.0, 134.8, 136.1, 137.8, 142.7-144.0, 145.6, 147.2, 149.1-149.8 feet; interval at 140.5-142.5 feet is very slightly porous with less than 5% visible porosity. Paper-thin shaly partings and/or stylolites 2-5 inches apart occur throughout the unit; most of these partings are actually stylolites with accumulations of argillaceous residue along the surface; major shaly stylolitic zone at 129.6-129.8, 130.9-131.1, 132.7-132.7(7), 140.3-140.4, 140.5-140.6, 141.7-141.8, 142.4-142.5, 147.8-147.9 feet. Hardground surfaces at top and possibly at 140.6 feet; other surfaces could be subtle hardgrounds but could not be differentiated from stylolitic contacts. There is a white, chalky chert nodule, 2 inches across, at 147.3 feet; a 2-inch- thick, white, chalky chert bed occurs at 150.3 feet. Rock is broken into 2- to 10-inch pieces along stylolites and is broken into small pieces at 131.0-131.1, 137.1-137.2 feet; vertical fractures at 128.4-128.6, 132.8-132.9, 134.3-134.6, 136.3-136.5, 138.5-138.6, 143.7-143.8, 144.4-144.5, 149.6-149.7; healed vertical fractures at 141.0-141.1, 142.0-142.5, 149.9-150.0 feet.

127.0 to 150.5'


FAR

M:

CO

MPA

NY

: D

ATE

DR

ILL

ED

: EL

EVA

TIO

N:

LO

CA

TIO

N:

CO

RE

NO

: C

OU

NTY

NO

:

Pars

on's

Cas

ket-

Hdw

. C

o. #

G12

7GP

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(USE

PA)

Apr

il 15

-16,

1991

+783

.8' M

SL (

USG

S)~

180'

NL

, ~

1285

' WL

C-1

3640

2258

4

Stud

y by

Zak

aria

Las

emi

and

Mic

hael

Sar

gent

, Aug

ust

1992

, re

vise

d M

arch

199

4.

Cor

e lo

gged

at

the

ISG

S A

nnex

ind

oors

, und

er f

luor

esce

nt li

ghts

. R

epre

sent

ativ

e co

re p

iece

s w

ere

slab

bed

prio

r to

log

ging

.

150.

0 to

174

.1 f

eet

Dol

omite

, pal

e gr

ayis

h or

ange

(10

YR

8/4

) to

lig

ht t

o ve

ry li

ght b

row

nish

gra

y (5

YR

6/1

to

5YR

7/1

) m

ottle

d pi

nkis

h gr

ay

(5Y

R 8

/1),

med

ium

ligh

t gra

y (N

6) a

nd li

ght b

row

nish

gra

y (5

YR

6/1

) w

ith l

each

ed m

oldi

ngs

and

blot

ches

of

gray

ish

oran

ge (

10Y

R 7

/4);

in

part

, slig

htly

spe

ckle

d da

rk g

ray

(N3)

; br

owni

sh b

lack

to

dusk

y ye

llow

ish

brow

n (5

YR

2/1

to

10Y

R 2

/2)

shat

y pa

rtin

gs a

nd/o

r st

ylol

ites;

dol

omite

is

med

ium

cry

stal

line,

bec

omin

g co

arse

r in

lea

ched

zon

es; v

ery

slig

htly

fo

ssili

fero

us i

nclu

ding

gas

trop

od a

nd p

elcc

ypod

mol

ds a

nd v

ugs,

and

tra

ces

of o

stro

code

s, tr

ilobi

tes,

bra

chio

pods

and

bry

ozoa

ns (

?);

poss

ible

fo

lded

Isot

ilus

trilo

bite

at

166.

6 fe

et;

foss

il-m

oldi

c gr

ains

tone

/pac

ksto

ne

beds

1-2

inc

hes

thic

k at

top

, at

168.

8, a

nd 1

72.8

. It

is b

urro

wed

and

bi

otur

bate

d fo

r th

e m

ost p

art

with

num

erou

s gh

osts

of b

urro

w s

truc

ture

s;

burr

ow s

truc

ture

s ra

nge

from

sm

all

elon

gate

tub

ular

and

len

ticul

ar

bodi

es !

4 in

ch a

cros

s to

lar

ge b

ranc

hing

feat

ures

.

Roc

k is

slig

htly

pyr

itic

in p

art;

seco

ndar

y do

lom

ite c

emen

t in

som

e vu

gs,

e.g.

170

.4,1

70.8

fee

t; do

lom

ite is

por

ous

and

vesi

cula

r th

roug

hout

with

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(USE

PA)

BC

ON

EPa

ron'

s C

.-H.

#G12

7GP

25-4

4N-3

E

20%

+ p

oros

ity,

pore

typ

es i

nclu

de:

1) v

esic

ular

por

osity

due

to

leac

hing

of

dol

omite

; th

is p

ore

type

acc

ount

s fo

r m

ost

of th

e po

rosi

ty,

2)

diss

olut

ion

vugs

res

ultin

g fr

om d

isso

lutio

n of

dol

omite

; th

is i

s pr

obab

ly

the

mor

e ad

vanc

ed s

tage

of

leac

hing

of d

olom

ite; s

olut

ion

vugs

ran

ge

mos

tly f

rom

Vz

inch

up

to 2

inc

hes

acro

ss;

3) v

uggy

por

osity

(m

ostly

fo

ssil-

mol

dic)

ran

ging

fro

m p

in-h

ead

and

mat

ch-h

ead

up t

o Vi

inc

h ac

ross

; th

is p

ore

type

is

less

com

mon

but

occ

urs

thro

ugho

ut th

e un

it;

maj

or z

ones

with

lar

ge d

isso

lutio

n vu

gs o

ccur

at 2

inc

hes

belo

w th

e to

p,

at 1

52.4

,154

.2-1

54.4

, 15

6.2,

156

.4,

158.

8, a

nd 1

66.6

fee

t; ro

ck is

ver

y st

ylol

itic

thro

ugho

ut w

ith p

aper

-thi

n sh

ah/

part

ings

; th

ese

part

ings

or

styl

olite

s ar

e us

ually

spa

ced

2-4

inch

es a

part

in u

pper

8.0

fee

t, 2-

8 in

ches

ap

art

in t

he m

iddl

e, a

nd 1

-3 i

nche

s ap

art

in l

ower

8.0

fee

t; ha

rdgr

ound

su

rfac

es a

t 16

12 (

?),

162.

4 (?

), 1

63.3

,165

.5,1

66.0

, 16

7.9

feet

, an

d at

ba

se;

som

e of

thes

e su

rfac

es,

how

ever

, cou

ld b

e st

ylol

ite r

athe

r th

an

hard

grou

nd; h

ardg

roun

d su

rfac

e is

gene

rally

dar

k gr

ay a

nd,

in p

art,

slig

htly

pyr

itic;

roc

k is

brok

en i

nto

2-12

inc

h pi

eces

alo

ng s

tylo

litic

co

ntac

ts;

it is

brok

en i

nto

smal

l pi

eces

at

156.

0-15

6.2

feet

; ve

rtic

al

frac

ture

s at

154

.7-1

54.9

, 15

5.1-

155.

3 fe

et

174.

1 to

194

.4 f

eet

Dol

omite

, pal

e ye

llow

ish

brow

n to

ver

y lig

ht t

o lig

ht

brow

nish

gra

y (1

0YR

6/2

to

5YR

7/1

to

5YR

6/1

) w

ith l

each

ed b

lotc

hes

and

mol

ding

s of

gra

yish

ora

nge

(10Y

R 8

/4);

shal

y pa

rtin

gs/s

tylo

lites

, br

owni

sh b

lack

to

gray

ish

brow

n (5

YR

2/1

to

5YR

3/2

); c

hert

, is

whi

te

(N9)

to

yello

wis

h br

own

(10

YR

4/2

) 17

4.1-

177.

6 an

d ve

ry l

ight

gra

y to

lig

ht g

ray

(N8

to N

7) w

ith s

ome

with

yel

low

ish

gray

(5Y

7/2

) to

ver

y lig

ht

brow

nish

gra

y (5

YR

7/1

) tin

ge 1

77.6

-188

.4.

Dol

omite

fa

med

ium

cr

ysta

lline

, bec

omin

g co

arse

r in

lea

ched

are

as a

nd v

ugs,

in

part

, fo

ssili

fero

us (

mos

t vug

s ar

e fr

om d

isso

lutio

n of

she

lls, e

spec

ially

m

ollu

sks)

; bu

rrow

ing

and

biot

urba

tion

are

not

pro

min

ent b

ut a

ppea

r to

be

pre

sent

as

very

fai

nt m

ottli

ngs

thro

ugho

ut; f

requ

ent v

uggy

, fos

sii-

mol

dic

grai

nsto

ne/p

acks

tone

bed

s, 1

-3 i

nche

s th

ick

and

0.5-

1 fe

et a

part

, oc

cur

thro

ugho

ut th

e un

it; p

yrite

(so

me

fram

boid

al)

in s

ome

vugs

(e.

g. a

t 19

0.8

feet

). R

ock

has

abou

t 10

-15%

por

osity

and

inc

lude

s: 1

) fo

ssil-

m

oldi

c po

res,

pin

-hea

d to

mat

ch-h

ead

up t

o V4

inch

acr

oss;

2)

cylin

dric

al

vugs

, 1/

16-1

/8 i

nch

acro

ss,

resu

lting

fro

m s

elec

tive

leac

hing

of b

urro

ws;

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(US

EP

A)

BO

ON

EP

aron

's C

.-H.

#G12

7GP

25

-44N

-3E

3) v

esic

ular

por

osity

in l

each

ed a

reas

; 4)

dis

solu

tion

vugs

rep

rese

ntin

g an

ad

vanc

ed s

tage

of l

each

ing

of d

olom

ite, t

hese

are

mos

tly V

^-1.5

inc

hes

acro

ss.

A g

eope

tal s

truc

ture

at

193.

9 w

ith s

econ

dary

dol

omite

and

py

rite;

man

y vu

gs a

re l

ined

with

ver

y lig

ht g

ray

to li

ght g

ray

seco

ndar

y do

lom

ite r

hom

bs (

med

ium

-coa

rse

crys

talli

ne).

Roc

k is

very

sty

lolit

ic

thro

ugho

ut w

ith s

tyto

lite/

pape

r-th

in s

haly

par

tings

spa

ced

1-4

inch

es

apar

t; so

me

inte

rval

s co

ntai

n sw

arm

s of

styl

oliti

c pa

rting

s; t

hese

int

erva

ls

incl

ude

182.

9-18

3.1,

1843

-184

.5,1

86.4

-187

.4,

189.

3-18

9.7,

193.

4-19

3.6

feet

R

ock

cont

ains

che

rt b

eds

2-3

inch

es t

hick

and

che

rt n

odul

es 1

-4 i

nche

s ac

ross

; ch

ert b

eds

at 1

80.6

-180

.8,1

84.2

-184

.3,1

84.8

-185

.0,1

85.6

-185

.9

feet

; ch

ert n

odul

es a

t 17

7.8,

178.

5,17

8.6,

177

.4,1

79.4

,182

.5,1

83.0

,183

.2-

183.

6,18

6.9,

187.

1,18

73,1

87.7

, and

188

.4 f

eet

Che

rt is

mos

tly c

halk

y an

d po

rous

; a f

ew c

hert

s ha

ve d

ense

cen

ters

. H

ardg

roun

ds a

t to

p (1

77.6

fe

et)

and

at 1

78.2

,179

.6,1

85.2

,187

.2,

191.

0 fe

et, a

nd a

t ba

se (

194.

4 fe

et);

hard

grou

nd s

urfa

ces

are

med

ium

dar

k gr

ay a

nd, i

n pa

rt,

pyrit

ic.

Roc

k is

brok

en in

to 2

-10

inch

pie

ces

alon

g st

ylol

ites;

it i

s br

oken

into

sm

all p

iece

s at

181

.5-1

81.7

and

in c

hert

bed

at

185.

6-18

5.8

feet

T

he u

nit

is bo

unde

d at

the

top

and

bas

e by

pro

min

ent h

ardg

roun

ds.

194.

4 to

199

.5 f

eet

Dol

omite

, pal

e ye

llow

ish

brow

n to

ligh

t bro

wni

sh g

ray

to v

ery

light

bro

wni

sh g

ray

(10Y

R 6

/2 t

o 5Y

R 6

/1 t

o 5Y

R 7

/1),

beco

mes

, in

par

t, lig

ht g

ray

in th

e m

iddl

e pa

rt o

f th

e un

it; a

few

mot

tling

s of

m

ediu

m d

ark

gray

(N

4) t

hrou

ghou

t; sh

aly

parti

ngs

and/

or s

tylo

lites

, br

owni

sh b

lack

to g

rayi

sh b

lack

(SY

R 2

/1 t

o N

2);

dolo

mite

is m

ostly

m

ediu

m c

ryst

allin

e, b

ecom

ing

coar

ser

in l

each

ed z

ones

; it

is ve

ry s

light

ly

foss

il-m

oldi

c an

d, in

par

t, sh

ows

very

fai

nt b

urro

w m

ottli

ng;

a m

ajor

bu

rrow

at

the

top

exte

nds

°«3

inch

es b

elow

the

hard

grou

nd s

urfa

ce;

rock

is,

in p

art,

vesi

cula

r an

d sl

ight

ly v

uggy

with

abo

ut 5

-10%

por

osity

, it

is st

ylol

itic

thro

ugho

ut w

ith p

aper

-thi

n st

ylol

ites

spac

ed 1

-4 i

nche

s ap

art;

in

addi

tion,

sty

lolit

es a

nd/o

r sha

ly p

artin

gs,

=»!£

inch

thic

k, o

ccur

at

195.

1,

196.

1,19

7.1,

197.

8 fe

et;

shal

y zo

ne a

t 19

7.8-

197.

9 fe

et;

nodu

lar a

t 19

9.1-

19

9.2

feet

due

to c

ompa

ctio

n.

A p

rom

inen

t har

dgro

und

at t

op;

the

surf

ace

of th

e ha

rdgr

ound

is m

iner

aliz

ed a

nd v

ery

pyrit

ic w

ith a

pyr

ite

nodu

le «

1 i

nch

acro

ss.

Roc

k is

brok

en in

to 3

-8-

inch

pie

ces

alon

g

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(USE

PA)

3CO

NE

Paro

n's

C.-H

. #G

127G

P 25

-44N

-3E

styl

olite

s an

d/or

shal

y pa

rtin

gs;

it is

frac

ture

d al

ong

vert

ical

join

ts a

t 19

7.8-

198.

0 an

d fo

r 2

inch

es a

t th

e ba

se;

heal

ed v

ertic

al f

ract

ures

at

195.

1-19

53,1

94.9

-195

.2 f

eet

PAM

:BC

AS\

ZAK

\G-1

27-G

P.PG

H

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(USE

PA)

BO

ON

EPa

ron'

s C

-H.

#G12

7GP

25-4

4N-3

E

FAR

M:

Pars

on C

aske

t-H

ardw

are

Co.

#G

127S

P C

OM

PAN

Y:

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(USE

PA)

CO

RE

NO

: C

-136

41

DA

TE

DR

ILL

ED

:Apr

il 7-

8, 1

991

EL

EV

AT

ION

: +7

83.5

fee

t M

SL (

USG

S)

LO

CA

TIO

N:

~220

ML,

~ 1

275'

WL

Stud

y by

Zak

aria

Las

emi

and

Mic

hael

Sar

gent

A

ugus

t 19

92

Mos

t of

the

core

was

sla

bbed

pri

or t

o lo

ggin

g to

rev

eal

text

ural

fea

ture

s an

d se

dim

enta

ry s

truc

ture

s th

at w

ere

not

visi

ble

due

to t

he r

ough

sur

face

of

the

core

. Lo

ggin

g w

as

done

ind

oors

at

the

ISG

S A

nnex

und

er f

luor

esce

nt l

ight

s w

ith c

ore

exam

ined

bot

h dr

y an

d w

et.

300.

0 to

306

.2 f

eet

Dol

omite

, lig

ht g

ray

to v

ery

light

br

owni

sh g

ray

(N7

to S

YR

7/1

) in

upp

er h

alf,

beco

min

g m

ostly

ver

y lig

ht b

row

nish

gra

y to

lig

ht b

row

nish

gra

y (S

YR

7/1

to

SYR

6/1

) in

low

er h

alf;

it

is st

rong

ly s

peck

led

and

mot

tled

med

ium

dar

k gr

ay (

N4)

thr

ough

out;

shal

e pa

rtin

gs a

nd b

eds,

mos

tly o

live

gray

(5Y

3/2

to

5Y 4

/1)

in

uppe

r 3.

5 fe

et b

ecom

ing

mos

tly b

lack

ish

red

to d

usky

red

(5

R 2

/2 t

o 10

R 3

/2)

in l

ower

2.7

fee

t D

olom

ite i

s fi

ne t

o ve

ry f

inel

y cr

ysta

lline

, sl

ight

ly f

ossi

lifer

ous

to,

in p

art,

foss

ilife

rous

; id

entif

iabl

e fo

ssils

inc

lude

mol

lusk

an m

olds

an

d vu

gs,

trilo

bite

s, a

nd b

rach

iopo

ds;

prio

r to

do

lom

itiza

tion,

the

roc

k pr

obab

ly w

as a

lim

e m

udst

one

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(US

EP

A)

BO

ON

EPa

rson

C-H

. #G

127S

P 25

-44N

-3E

with

a f

ew w

acke

ston

e be

ds.

Tri

lobi

te f

ragm

ents

are

es

peci

ally

abu

ndan

t in

som

e be

ds;

mos

t ar

e da

rk g

ray

in

colo

r. It

is

exte

nsiv

ely

burr

owed

and

bio

turb

ated

th

roug

hout

; m

ost

of th

e m

ediu

m d

ark

gray

spe

cks

are

actu

ally

the

out

er r

ims

of b

urro

ws,

whi

ch a

re m

ostly

sm

all

lent

icul

ar b

odie

s 1/

16 t

o 1/

4 in

ch a

cros

s an

d up

to

1 in

ch

long

; ro

ck i

s ve

ry s

light

ly v

uggy

(fo

ssil-

mol

dic)

with

les

s th

an 5

% v

isib

le p

oros

ity.

Vug

s ar

e pi

n-he

ad t

o m

atch

- he

ad u

p to

1A i

nch

acro

ss;

exce

pt f

or t

hese

vug

s, r

ock

is de

nse

for

the

mos

t pa

rt;

dolo

miti

c sh

ale

beds

, up

to

1-in

ch

thic

k an

d 1

to 3

inc

hes

apar

t, oc

cur

thro

ugho

ut t

he u

nit;

com

pact

ion

feat

ures

suc

h as

fla

tteni

ngs

of b

urro

ws

para

llel

to t

he b

eddi

ng a

nd n

odul

ar f

abri

c ar

e ve

ry c

omm

on i

n th

e sh

aly

beds

. H

ardg

roun

d at

305

.3 f

eet

Roc

k is

bro

ken

hori

zont

ally

int

o 3-

to

9-in

ch p

iece

s al

ong

shal

y pa

rtin

gs;

num

erou

s he

aled

ver

tical

hai

rlin

e fr

actu

res

in u

pper

4

feet

306.

2 to

310

.0 f

eet

Dol

omite

, br

owni

sh g

ray

(SY

R 5

/1)

with

mot

tling

s of

ligh

t to

ver

y lig

ht b

row

nish

gra

y an

d br

owni

sh g

ray

(SY

R 6

/1 t

o SY

R 7

/1 a

nd S

YR

4/1

), gr

ayis

h re

d (5

R 4

/2);

spe

ckle

d an

d m

ottle

d m

ediu

m d

ark

gray

(N

4);

slig

htly

lea

ched

mot

tling

s an

d bl

otch

es,

mod

erat

e ye

llow

ish

brow

n (1

0YR

6/4

); s

haly

par

tings

, du

sky

yello

wis

h br

own

to d

usky

bro

wn

(10Y

R 2

/2 t

o SY

R 2

/2).

Dol

omite

is

fine

to

med

ium

cry

stal

line;

in

part

it

is s

light

ly

pyri

tic i

n so

me

vugs

; fo

ssils

are

rar

e ex

cept

for

a f

ew

foss

il-m

oldi

c vu

gs a

t ba

se;

it is

bur

row

ed a

nd b

iotu

rbat

ed

thro

ugho

ut;

biot

urba

tion

esp

ecia

lly s

tron

g in

upp

er 1

.5

feet

US

GS

-WR

D-U

rban

a (U

SE

PA

) B

CO

NE

Pars

on C

.-H.

#G12

7SP

25-4

4N-3

E

Roc

k is

very

slig

htly

vug

gy a

nd s

light

ly v

esic

ular

with

ab

out

5% p

oros

ity;

dolo

miti

c sh

ale

part

ings

and

/or

styl

olite

s up

to

V^-

inch

-thic

k an

d 1

to 6

inc

hes

apar

t oc

cur

thro

ugho

ut t

he u

nit;

top

4 in

ches

con

tain

s gr

ayis

h-re

d ov

al-s

hape

d m

ottle

s, w

hich

are

squ

ashe

d an

d fl

atte

ned

burr

ows;

the

se m

ottle

s ar

e pr

obab

ly v

ery

argi

llace

ous

iron

- ric

h do

lom

ite (

anke

ritic

); c

ompa

ctio

n fe

atur

es i

nclu

de v

ery

cont

orte

d sh

ale

beds

, no

dula

r fa

bric

and

fla

ttene

d bu

rrow

s; p

rom

inen

t no

dula

r fa

bric

305

.1-3

05.2

, 30

5.3-

30

5.4,

and

308

.8 f

eet.

The

re i

s a

prom

inen

t ha

rdgr

ound

at

the

top

, be

low

whi

ch i

s a

'/z-in

ch-th

ick,

dar

k gr

ay,

min

eral

ized

, ve

ry p

yriti

c zo

ne;

rock

is

brok

en i

nto

3- t

o 12

-inch

pie

ces

alon

g sh

aly

part

ings

; he

aled

ver

tical

fr

actu

re 3

07.8

to

308.

0 fe

et.

310.

0 to

317

.8 f

eet

Dol

omite

, br

owni

sh g

ray

to l

ight

br

owni

sh g

ray

(5Y

R 5

/1 t

o 5Y

R 6

/1)

with

mot

tling

of

brow

nish

gra

y (5

YR

4/1

), an

d ve

ry l

ight

bro

wni

sh g

ray

(5Y

R 7

/1)

to p

inki

sh g

ray

(5Y

R 8

/1);

mot

tled

and

spec

kled

med

ium

dar

k gr

ay (

N4)

; sl

ight

ly l

each

ed m

ottle

s an

d bl

otch

es o

f gr

ayis

h or

ange

(10

YR

7/4

); s

haly

bed

s an

d pa

rtin

gs o

f du

sky

brow

n to

ver

y da

rk y

ello

wis

h br

own

(5Y

R 2

/2 t

o 10

YR

3/2

), ol

ive

blac

k (5

Y 2

/1)

and

blac

kish

re

d (5

R 2

/2);

dol

omite

is

fine

to

med

ium

cry

stal

line;

fos

sils

ar

e ra

re e

xcep

t fo

r tr

aces

of

trilo

bite

s an

d m

ollu

scan

- fo

ssil-

mol

dic

vugs

up

to W

inch

acr

oss;

roc

k is

stro

ngly

bu

rrow

ed a

nd b

iotu

rbat

ed,

espe

cial

ly i

n up

per

4.0

feet

; bu

rrow

mot

tling

inc

lude

s m

ostly

sm

all

cylin

dric

al a

nd

lent

icul

ar b

odie

s an

d la

rge

inte

rcon

nect

ed,

bran

chin

g bo

dies

; m

any

burr

ows

have

a d

ark

gray

rim

s.

Roc

k is

very

sl

ight

ly v

uggy

(fo

ssil-

mol

dic)

and

slig

htly

ves

icul

ar d

ue t

o pa

rtia

l le

achi

ng o

f do

lom

ite;

vesi

cula

r ar

eas

are

smal

l m

ottle

s an

d bl

otch

es u

p to

1 i

nch

acro

ss i

n up

per

4 fe

et,

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(USE

PA)

BO

ON

EPa

rson

C-H

. #G

127S

P 25

-44N

-3E

beco

min

g, i

n pa

rt,

larg

er i

n lo

wer

par

t; ve

sicu

lar

poro

sity

an

d le

achi

ng n

ot v

ery

exte

nsiv

e; o

vera

ll vi

sibl

e po

rosi

ty

prob

ably

«5%

; so

me

vugs

lin

ed w

ith s

econ

dary

dol

omite

; do

lom

itic

shal

e pa

rtin

gs a

re p

rese

nt t

hrou

ghou

t, up

to

Vi-

inch

thi

ck a

nd s

pace

d 2

to 5

inc

hes

apar

t; in

terv

al f

rom

31

2.1

to 3

12.8

fee

t co

ntai

ns n

umer

ous

shal

y pa

rtin

gs a

bout

1

to 1

.5 i

nche

s ap

art.

Har

dgro

und

(?)

at 3

10.6

fee

t; co

mpa

ctio

n fe

atur

es s

uch

as f

latte

ned

burr

ows

and

nodu

lar

fabr

ic a

re c

omm

on i

n sh

aly

zone

s.

Roc

k is

brok

en i

nto

2- t

o 12

-inc

h pi

eces

alo

ng s

haly

par

tings

an

d/or

sty

lolit

es;

vert

ical

fra

ctur

es a

re a

bsen

t U

pper

and

lo

wer

con

tact

s ar

e gr

adat

iona

l.

317.

8 to

329

.7 f

eet

Dol

omite

, ve

ry l

ight

bro

wni

sh g

ray

to

light

bro

wni

sh g

ray

to v

ery

pale

yel

low

ish

brow

n (5

YR

7/1

to

5Y

R 6

/1 t

o 10

YR

7/2

) w

ith m

ottli

ng o

f m

ediu

m-d

ark

gray

(N

4),

brow

nish

gra

y (5

YR

4/1

) an

d gr

ayis

h or

ange

(1

0YR

6/4

); sh

aly

part

ings

dus

ky b

row

n to

oliv

e bl

ack

(5Y

R 2

/2 t

o 5Y

2/1

); d

olom

ite i

s m

ostly

fin

e to

med

ium

cr

ysta

lline

; fo

ssils

are

rar

e an

d in

clud

e a

few

mol

ds o

r fo

ssil-

mol

dic

vugs

of

pele

cypo

ds a

nd g

astr

opod

s; t

he u

nit

is st

rong

ly b

urro

wed

and

bio

turb

ated

thr

ough

out;

burr

ow

mot

tling

ran

ges

from

sm

all

lent

icul

ar a

nd t

ubul

ar b

odie

s to

lar

ge b

ranc

hing

fea

ture

s; l

arge

bra

nchi

ng b

urro

ws

cont

ain

smal

ler

lent

icul

ar b

urro

ws;

man

y of

the

se l

arge

bu

rrow

s ar

e ar

gilla

ceou

s an

d co

mpa

cted

; do

lom

ite i

s ve

ry

slig

htly

vug

gy (

foss

il-m

oldi

c);

som

e vu

gs u

p to

1A i

nch

acro

ss a

re l

ined

by

seco

ndar

y do

lom

ite,

a fe

w v

ugs

are

cylin

dric

al a

nd c

ould

be

leac

hed-

out

burr

ows

or b

orin

gs;

rock

is s

light

ly v

iscu

lar;

ove

rall

visi

ble

poro

sity

pro

babl

y ab

out

5%.

Thr

ee t

ypes

of

argi

llace

ous

part

ings

are

pr

esen

t: 1)

pap

er-t

hin

shal

y pa

ring

s; t

hese

par

tings

, m

ostly

st

ylol

itic,

are

pre

sent

thr

ough

out

but

are

mos

t co

mm

on i

n

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(US

EP

A)

BO

ON

EPa

rson

C-H

. #G

127S

P 25

-44N

-3E

uppe

r 6

to 7

fee

t; th

ese

are

gene

rally

2 t

o 5

inch

es a

part

, bu

t th

ey a

re v

ery

clos

ely

spac

ed (

!/2 t

o 2

inch

es a

part

) at

31

9.5

to 3

20.8

, 32

0.1

to 3

21.9

fee

t; 2)

dol

omiti

c sh

ale

beds

up

to

Vi-i

nch

thic

k an

d 3

to 4

inc

hes

apar

t m

ost

com

mon

ly

occu

r in

low

er 5

fee

t; 3)

arg

illac

eous

to

very

arg

illac

eous

do

lom

ite b

ed u

p to

1-in

ch t

hick

; th

ese

beds

app

ears

to

be

larg

e br

anch

ing

burr

ows

that

are

com

pact

ed.

Ver

y co

mm

on c

ompa

ctio

n fe

atur

es s

uch

as f

latte

ned

burr

ows,

no

dula

r fa

bric

, an

d w

ispy

lam

inat

ion

in s

hale

bed

s, a

nd i

n zo

nes

with

clo

sely

spa

ced

pape

r-th

in s

haly

par

tings

and

/or

styl

olite

s, e

.g.

319.

4 to

320

.8 f

eet;

hard

grou

nd a

t 32

2.1

feet

; ro

ck i

s br

oken

int

o 3-

to

18-in

ch p

iece

s al

ong

styl

olite

s an

d sh

aly

part

ings

; ro

ck h

as n

o vi

sibl

e fr

actu

res.

329.

7 to

332

3 fe

et

Dol

omite

, br

owni

sh g

ray

to l

ight

br

owni

sh g

ray

(SY

R 4

/1 t

o 5Y

R 6

/1)

mot

tled

med

ium

da

rk g

ray

(N4)

and

ver

y lig

ht b

row

nish

gra

y (5

YR

7/1

), sp

eckl

ed a

nd s

potte

d m

ediu

m d

ark

gray

to

dark

gra

y (N

4 to

N3)

; sh

aly

part

ings

, du

sky

brow

n to

gra

yish

bro

wn

(5Y

R 2

/2 t

o 5Y

R 3

/2).

Dol

omite

is

very

fin

e to

med

ium

, ve

ry s

light

ly s

andy

, be

com

es m

ore

sand

y to

war

d th

e ba

se.

It is

bur

row

ed a

nd b

iotu

rbat

ed t

hrou

ghou

t (f

ucoi

dal)

, bu

t la

rge

bran

chin

g bu

rrow

s si

mila

r to

tho

se d

escr

ibed

in

prev

ious

uni

ts a

re r

are;

roc

k is

very

slig

htly

vug

gy a

nd

slig

htly

ves

icul

ar.

Ove

rall

poro

sity

les

s th

an 5

%;

shal

y pa

rtin

gs a

nd/o

r st

ylol

ites

are

pres

ent

thro

ugho

ut;

thes

e pa

rtin

gs a

re m

ostly

pap

er-t

hin

but

can

be u

p to

Vs-

inch

th

ick;

sev

eral

par

tings

may

occ

ur i

n 1-

inch

-thi

ck s

haly

zo

ne;

shal

y pa

rtin

gs a

re s

pace

d 1

to 2

inc

hes

apar

t; a

1A-

inch

-thi

ck s

hale

bed

is

pres

ent

at t

he b

ase

of t

he u

nit;

hard

grou

nds

at t

he t

op o

f th

e un

it an

d at

330

.2,

331.

4,

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(US

EP

A)

BO

ON

EPa

rson

C-H

. #G

127S

P 25

-44N

-3E

332.

2 fe

et;

rock

is

brok

en i

nto

3- t

o 11

-inch

pie

ces

alon

g st

ylol

ites

and/

or s

haly

par

tings

; th

ere

are

no v

ertic

al

frac

ture

s an

d no

vis

ible

hea

led

frac

ture

s.

3323

to

334.

2 fe

et

Sand

ston

e, l

ight

gra

y to

ver

y lig

ht g

ray

(N7

to N

8) t

o du

sky

yello

wis

h br

own

(10Y

R 2

/2)

at 3

313

to 3

33.2

fee

t, be

com

es m

ostly

lig

ht g

ray

to v

ery

light

gra

y w

ith s

ome

dusk

y ye

llow

ish

brow

n st

aini

ng a

nd m

ottli

ng a

t 33

3.2

to 3

33.6

fee

t; th

e re

st o

f th

e un

it is

dusk

y ye

llow

ish

brow

n to

dus

ky b

row

n (1

0YR

2/2

to

SYR

2/2

) to

ver

y du

sky

red

(10R

2/2

) w

ith s

ome

light

gra

y sa

ndst

one

lens

es;

uppe

r un

it (3

32.3

to

333.

2 fe

et)

is th

in w

avy

inte

rbed

ded

argi

llace

ous

sand

ston

e an

d cl

ean

sand

ston

e; m

iddl

e un

it (3

33.2

to

333.

6 fe

et)

is m

ostly

mas

sive

, cl

ean

sand

ston

e w

ith s

mal

l po

cket

s of

arg

illac

eous

and

/or

stai

ned

sand

ston

e; b

asal

uni

t is

very

arg

illac

eous

and

sho

ws

lent

icul

ar b

eddi

ng w

ith i

sola

ted

clea

n sa

ndst

one

lens

es;

top

3 to

4 i

nche

s is

ver

y do

lom

itic;

san

dsto

ne i

s fi

ne t

o co

arse

, ro

unde

d to

sub

roun

ded

in c

oars

er f

ract

ion,

be

com

es a

ngul

ar t

o su

bang

ular

in

fine

r fr

actio

n; f

ew

phos

phat

ic a

nd p

yriti

c cl

asts

(co

arse

to

gran

ular

up

to V

* in

ch)

thro

ugho

ut;

phos

phat

ic p

elle

ts v

ery

com

mon

in

uppe

r 3

to 4

inc

hes;

roc

k is

por

ous

thro

ugho

ut,

exce

pt f

or

uppe

r 3

to 4

inc

hes

that

is

dolo

miti

c an

d le

ss p

orou

s; a

ll po

rosi

ty is

int

ergr

anul

ar a

nd a

vera

ges

to a

bout

25

to 3

0%.

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(US

EP

A)

BO

ON

EP

arso

n C

-H.

#G12

7SP

25-4

4N-3

E

Roc

k is

brok

en m

echa

nica

lly i

nto

3- t

o 5-

inch

pie

ces

alon

g ho

rizo

ntal

pla

nes,

top

of

the

unit

is un

dula

tory

; it

is da

rk

gray

min

eral

ized

sur

face

and

con

tain

s ab

unda

nt

phos

phat

ic p

elle

ts;

this

sur

face

is

prob

ably

a h

ardg

roun

d.

Ano

ther

har

dgro

und

at t

he b

ase

sepa

rate

s th

is m

embe

r fr

om t

he u

nder

lyin

g D

aysv

ille

Dol

omite

Mem

ber.

334.

2 to

360

.2 f

eet

A s

erie

s of

cyc

les

char

acte

rize

s th

is

mem

ber.

The

bas

al p

hase

of

each

cyc

le i

nclu

des:

1)

a br

ecci

ated

/con

glom

erat

ic z

one,

usu

ally

res

ting

on a

ha

rdgr

ound

or

an e

xpos

ure

(soi

l ho

rizo

n) s

urfa

ce;

2) a

sa

ndst

one

bed,

gra

datio

nal

with

bas

al u

nit,

or 3

) a

very

ar

gilla

ceou

s si

lty d

olom

ite t

o ve

ry d

olom

itic,

arg

illac

eous

si

ltsto

ne.

The

bas

al p

hase

of

cycl

es f

ines

upw

ard

and

grad

es i

nto

mor

e pu

re,

thou

gh s

andy

, do

lom

ite.

Whe

n th

e ba

sal

phas

e is

rest

ing

on a

har

dgro

und,

cla

sts

of t

he u

nder

lyin

g un

it us

ually

are

inc

orpo

rate

d in

to t

he b

asal

pha

se o

f th

e ne

xt c

ycle

. T

his

sugg

ests

tha

t th

e un

derl

ying

uni

t w

as

lithi

fied

pri

or t

o st

art

of t

he n

ext

cycl

e.

The

top

of

a cy

cle

is ei

ther

a h

ardg

roun

d or

a b

recc

iate

d zo

ne,

poss

ibly

a s

oil

hori

zon

in s

ome

cycl

es.

The

bre

ccia

ted

zone

at

the

top

of

the

cycl

e m

ay c

onta

in p

isol

itic

stru

ctur

es (

?),

lam

inat

ed

crus

ts,

mic

ritiz

ed g

rain

s, a

nd o

ther

fea

ture

s co

mpa

tible

w

ith e

xpos

ure

surf

aces

and

soi

l fo

rmat

ion.

T

wo

exam

ples

of

suc

h so

il ho

rizo

ns c

an b

e fo

und

at 3

56.4

to

356.

8 an

d 35

12 t

o 35

2.6

feet

.

Col

ors

are

vari

able

and

inc

lude

: 1)

lig

ht g

ray

and

brow

nish

gra

y to

lig

ht b

row

nish

gra

y (N

7 an

d 5Y

R 4

/1 t

o

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(USE

PA)

BO

ON

EPa

rson

C-H

. #G

127S

P25

-44N

-3E

5YR

6/1

) w

ith s

ome

med

ium

lig

ht g

ray

(N6)

and

a l

ittle

m

ediu

m d

ark

gray

(N

4) a

nd p

inki

sh g

ray

(5Y

R 8

/1)

in

mor

e pu

re d

olom

ite p

orti

on (

at t

he t

op)

of th

e cy

cles

; th

e up

per

dolo

mite

pha

se o

f th

e cy

cle,

in

som

e ca

ses,

has

a

gree

nish

gra

y (5

G 6

/1)

tinge

; 2)

lig

ht g

ray

(N7)

san

dsto

ne,

som

e w

ith l

ight

gre

enis

h gr

ay (

5G 8

/1)

tinge

; 3)

med

ium

bl

uish

gra

y to

gre

enis

h gr

ay (

5B 5

/1 t

o 5G

5/1

) in

ver

y ar

gilla

ceou

s si

lty d

olom

ite t

o ve

ry d

olom

itic,

arg

illac

eous

si

ltsto

ne;

4) d

usky

yel

low

ish

brow

n to

dus

ky b

row

n (1

0YR

2/

2 to

5Y

R 2

/2)

sand

ston

e in

bur

row

s an

d fr

actu

res

in

uppe

r 6

inch

es.

The

uni

t is

non-

foss

ilife

rous

, bu

t w

orm

bor

ings

(sc

olith

us)

are

fair

ly c

omm

on,

espe

cial

ly i

n th

e do

lom

itic

uppe

r ph

ase

of e

ach

cycl

e; r

ock

is m

ostly

den

se t

hrou

ghou

t O

nly

slig

htly

vug

gy (

wor

m b

orin

gs)

in u

pper

pha

se o

f cy

cles

; m

ore

vugg

y in

low

er 4

fee

t; a

vug

abou

t 1.

5 in

ches

acr

oss

at 3

58.6

fee

t; ov

eral

l vi

sibl

e po

rosi

ty i

n do

lom

ite i

s ab

out

5% i

n lo

wer

4.0

fee

t, be

com

ing

less

tha

n 5%

els

ewhe

re;

sand

ston

es w

ithin

Day

svill

e D

olom

ite a

re m

ore

poro

us

(int

ergr

anul

ar p

oros

ity)

aver

agin

g ab

out

20 t

o 30

%;

poro

us s

ands

tone

, ho

wev

er,

com

pris

es a

bout

10%

of

the

tota

l th

ickn

ess

and

occu

rs i

n 4

to 8

inc

h be

ds a

t 34

1.4

to

341.

7, 3

43.0

to

343.

6, 3

56.8

to

357.

5 fe

et;

sand

ston

e be

d at

35

4.9

to 3

55.9

fee

t is

very

dol

omiti

c (d

olom

ite c

emen

ted)

w

ith l

ittle

por

osity

. D

olom

ite r

ange

s fr

om v

ery

sand

y to

sa

ndy

thro

ugho

ut,

sand

gra

ins

in d

olom

ite r

ange

fro

m v

ery

fine

to

coar

se,

coar

se s

ands

are

wel

l ro

unde

d.

Roc

k is

brok

en i

nto

4- t

o 14

-inc

h pi

eces

in

less

arg

illac

eous

do

lom

ite a

nd i

nto

1 to

7 i

nche

s in

san

dsto

ne,

silts

tone

and

ar

gilla

ceou

s do

lom

ite.

The

se h

oriz

onta

l br

eaks

are

mai

nly

alon

g st

ylol

ites

or a

rgill

aceo

us b

eds,

but

a f

ew a

re a

lso

mec

hani

cal;

rock

con

tain

s ve

ry f

ew p

aper

-thi

n st

ylol

ites;

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(US

EP

A)

BO

ON

EPa

rson

C-H

. #G

127S

P25

-44N

-3E

vert

ical

fra

ctur

es a

t 33

8.3

to 3

39 3

53.8

to

354.

0 fe

et;

hair

line

vert

ical

fra

ctur

es a

t 33

5.6

to 3

35.8

, 34

5.5

to 3

45.9

, 35

4.0

to 3

54.2

, 35

7.6

to 3

57.8

fee

t; ho

rizo

ntal

and

ver

tical

fr

actu

res

in u

pper

3 t

o 4

inch

es.

The

fol

low

ing

is a

list

of

the

cycl

es r

ecog

nize

d in

Day

svill

e D

olom

ite M

embe

r an

d up

per

part

of

Kin

gdom

San

dsto

ne M

embe

r (3

60.2

to

361.

1 fe

et):

Cyc

le 1

: 36

0.7

to 3

61.1

fee

t B

recc

iate

d at

bas

e, g

rade

s up

war

d in

to a

ver

y sa

ndy

dolo

mite

; sa

nds

are

very

fin

e to

coa

rse,

med

ium

to

coar

se s

ands

are

wel

l ro

unde

d; t

he u

nit

is ve

ry p

yriti

c es

peci

ally

in

brec

ciat

ed z

one

whe

re p

yrite

fill

s cr

acks

and

fis

sure

s;

som

e da

rk b

row

n pe

loid

s/pe

llets

, po

ssib

ly p

hosp

hatic

in

dol

omite

; ba

sal

2 in

ches

is

also

ver

y st

ylol

itic

and

nodu

lar;

bre

ccia

ted

zone

is

prob

ably

a s

oil

hori

zon

Cyc

le 2

: 35

8.0

to 3

60.7

fee

t T

his

cycl

e st

arts

with

«6-

in

ch-t

hick

san

dsto

ne a

t ba

se,

grad

ing

upw

ard

into

a

very

san

dy d

olom

ite t

o ve

ry d

olom

itic

sand

ston

e («

4

inch

es t

hick

); t

he r

est

of t

he u

nit

is vu

ggy

to s

light

ly

vugg

y, s

andy

dol

omite

; sa

ndst

one

is ve

ry f

ine

to

coar

se;

coar

se s

ands

are

wel

l ro

unde

d; i

t is

dolo

miti

c to

ver

y do

lom

itic

and

cont

ains

a f

ew p

yriti

c cl

asts

and

ph

osph

atic

pel

lets

; sa

ndst

one

beco

mes

mor

e do

lom

itic

upw

ard

and

grad

es i

nto

sand

y do

lom

ite;

beco

mes

les

s sa

ndy

near

the

top

; do

lom

ite,

in p

art,

pelo

idal

; to

p of

the

cyc

le i

s m

arke

d by

a h

ardg

roun

d.

The

re i

s al

so a

dar

k br

own

(pho

spha

tic ?

) su

rfac

e,

poss

ibly

a h

ardg

roun

d, a

t th

e co

ntac

t be

twee

n ba

sal

sand

ston

e (K

ingd

om S

ands

tone

Mem

ber)

and

upp

er

unit

abo

ve t

he c

onta

ct i

s =

4 in

ches

of

very

san

dy

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(USE

PA)

BO

CN

EPa

rson

C.-H

. #G

127S

P 25

-44N

-3E

dolo

mite

to

very

dol

omiti

c sa

ndst

one

that

gra

des

into

up

per

sand

y, v

uggy

dol

omite

, ba

se o

f th

e C

ycle

2,

ther

efor

e, c

ould

be

put

at 3

60.2

fee

t w

hich

is

also

pi

cked

as

the

base

of

Day

svill

e D

olom

ite M

embe

r.

Slig

htly

vug

gy t

o vu

ggy

in l

ower

and

upp

er p

arts

. T

his

cycl

e m

ay c

onta

in a

sec

onda

ry c

ycle

sta

rtin

g in

th

e m

iddl

e pa

rt o

f th

e do

lom

ite w

here

it

beco

mes

m

ore

pelo

idal

and

muc

h le

ss v

uggy

, a

3-in

ch z

one

at

1 in

ch b

elow

the

top

is

slig

htly

bre

ccia

ted

with

whi

te,

mic

ritic

sec

onda

ry d

olom

ite i

n fi

ssur

es a

nd c

rack

s; a

lit

tle,

coar

se,

brow

nish

gra

y se

cond

ary

dolo

mite

als

o pr

esen

t; th

is z

one

is a

lso

pyri

tic w

ith p

yrite

alo

ng t

hin

crac

ks a

nd f

issu

res

and

a fe

w 1/

a- t

o V

i-inc

h py

rite

m

asse

s.

Cyc

le 3

: 35

7.4

to 3

58.0

fee

t D

olom

ite,

intr

acla

stic

at

base

w

ith d

olom

ite c

last

s up

to

1.5

inch

es;

dolo

mite

cla

sts

are

litho

logi

cally

sim

ilar

to u

nder

lyin

g cy

cle.

B

asal

in

trac

last

ic z

one,

gra

des

into

a v

ery

sand

y, p

eloi

dal

dolo

mite

, be

com

es v

uggy

, le

ss s

andy

, an

d le

ss p

eloi

dal

tow

ard

the

top;

abo

ut 2

-inc

h-th

ick

zone

jus

t be

low

th

e to

p is

dark

gra

y an

d sl

ight

ly p

yriti

c.

Cyc

le 4

: 35

6.6

to 3

57.4

fee

t Pr

evio

us c

ycle

gra

des

into

a

sand

ston

e in

thi

s cy

cle;

san

dsto

ne i

s po

rous

, sl

ight

ly

dolo

miti

c, f

ine,

mod

erat

ely

sort

ed,

suba

ngul

ar;

very

sl

ight

ly v

uggy

(w

orm

bor

ings

); a

dol

omiti

c fi

ne-

to

coar

se-s

ands

tone

len

s («

3 i

nche

s ac

ross

) in

the

m

iddl

e pa

rt o

f th

e un

it; b

ecom

es m

ore

dolo

miti

c to

war

ds t

op;

abou

t 1

to 1

.5 i

nche

s at

top

is

very

sa

ndy,

slig

htly

pyr

itic

dolo

mite

; th

is z

one

is a

poss

ible

so

il ho

rizo

n (e

xpos

ure

surf

ace

?);

ther

e ar

e po

orly

de

velo

ped

lam

inat

ed c

asts

, m

icri

tic p

elle

ts (

mic

ritiz

ed

US

GS

-WR

D-U

rban

a (U

SEPA

) B

OO

NE

Par

son

C.-H

. #G

127S

P25

-44N

-3E

grai

ns),

and

a fe

w s

mal

l, po

orly

dev

elop

ed p

isol

itic

(?)

grai

ns;

top

of th

e un

it is

trun

cate

d (s

harp

con

tact

) w

ith a

few

sm

all

bori

ngs.

Cyc

le 5

: 35

6.0

to 3

56.6

fee

t A

bout

3 i

nche

s at

bas

e is

brec

ciat

ed/c

ongl

omer

atic

; w

ith d

olom

ite c

last

s in

a

sand

y do

lom

ite/v

ery

dolo

miti

c sa

ndst

one

mat

rix;

cla

sts

rang

e fr

om g

ranu

le-s

ize

up t

o '/4

-inch

acr

oss;

a f

ew

clas

ts u

p to

1.5

inc

hes

acro

ss n

ear

the

base

; on

e cl

ast

at b

ase

is bo

red.

T

his

basa

l un

it is

very

pyr

itic

rang

ing

from

ver

y fi

ne t

o m

asse

s W

inch

acr

oss.

T

he

basa

l br

ecci

ated

zon

e gr

ades

upw

ard

into

a p

orou

s sa

ndst

one

sim

ilar

to t

hat

in p

revi

ous

cycl

e; s

ands

tone

be

com

es l

ess

poro

us a

nd v

ery

dolo

miti

c to

ver

y sa

ndy

dolo

mite

jus

t be

low

the

top

(2

inch

es t

hick

at

1 in

ch

belo

w t

he t

op);

it

is al

so s

haly

/sty

lolit

ic w

ith n

umer

ous

pape

r-th

in s

haly

par

tings

and

/or

styl

olite

s; a

bout

1

inch

at

top

is sl

ight

ly s

andy

, pi

nkis

h gr

ay,

very

fin

ely

crys

talli

ne (

mic

ritic

) do

lom

ite w

ith s

ever

al c

last

-lik

e lig

ht b

lue

gray

bur

row

s fi

lled

with

san

dy d

olom

ite.

Cyc

le 6

: 35

5.2

to 3

56.0

fee

t L

ower

3 i

nche

s is

sand

ston

e th

at i

s do

lom

itic,

ver

y fin

e to

litt

le c

oars

e,

slig

htly

pyr

itic;

gra

des

upw

ard

into

a v

ery

sand

y do

lom

ite,

slig

htly

pyr

itic

at t

op;

seve

ral

pyri

te

gran

ules

and

nod

ules

(up

to

!/4 i

nch

acro

ss)

near

the

ba

se;

slig

htly

pel

oida

l ne

ar t

he b

ase;

a f

ew w

orm

bo

ring

s ne

ar t

he b

ase;

con

tact

bet

wee

n do

lom

itic

sand

ston

e an

d sa

ndy

dolo

mite

in

a po

orly

dev

elop

ed

hard

grou

nd w

ith a

ver

y py

ritic

sur

face

.

Cyc

le 7

: 35

3.3

to 3

55.2

fee

t A

2-

to 3

-inc

h-th

ick,

ver

y fi

ne

to c

oars

e do

lom

itic

sand

ston

e at

the

bas

e gr

ades

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(USE

PA)

3OO

NE

Pars

on C

.-H.

#G12

7SP

25-4

4N-3

E

upw

ard

into

a v

ery

sand

y, a

rgill

aceo

us,

fine

ly

crys

talli

ne d

olom

ite;

top

4 in

ches

of

the

cycl

e is

less

sa

ndy

and,

in

part

, sl

ight

ly v

uggy

; a

very

den

se,

slig

htly

san

dy l

ithog

raph

ic d

olom

ite «

1 in

ch t

hick

ne

ar t

he t

op.

Thi

s cy

cle

may

con

tain

one

or

two

smal

ler-

scal

e cy

cles

with

som

ewha

t bu

rrow

ed o

r br

ecci

ated

bas

es.

Cyc

le 8

: 35

2.4

to 3

53.8

fee

t A

bout

10

inch

es a

t th

e ba

se

is a

dol

omiti

c, v

ery

argi

llace

ous

sand

y si

ltsto

ne

grad

ing

upw

ard

into

arg

illac

eous

, ve

ry s

ilty,

san

dy

dolo

mite

; th

is u

nit

grad

es u

pwar

d in

to a

ver

y fin

e,

slig

htly

san

dy,

argi

llace

ous

silty

dol

omite

at

the

top;

sl

ight

ly p

yriti

c to

pyr

itic

thro

ugho

ut;

basa

l 1

to 2

in

ches

is

pelo

idal

/intr

acla

stic

(gr

anul

ar);

top

of

the

cycl

es i

s a

1- t

o 3-

inch

-thi

ck, w

ell-

deve

lope

d so

il ho

rizo

n th

at i

s no

dula

r an

d br

ecci

ated

with

lam

inat

ed

crus

ts,

piso

litic

(?)

gra

ins

and

mic

ritiz

ed d

olom

ite

nodu

les.

Cyc

le 9

: 35

1.8

to 3

52.4

fee

t T

he b

ase

of th

e cy

cle

star

ts

in t

he b

recc

iate

d so

il ho

rizo

n in

the

und

erly

ing

unit;

lo

wer

2 i

nche

s co

ntai

ns n

umer

ous

lam

inat

ed c

last

s (p

isol

itic)

; th

e w

hole

uni

t is

very

pel

oida

l, ve

ry s

andy

do

lom

ite w

ith f

ew s

andy

lay

ers

up t

o W

inch

thi

ck i

n up

per

4 to

5 i

nche

s of

the

cyc

le.

It i

s al

so s

light

ly

pyri

tic t

hrou

ghou

t.

Cyc

le 1

0-14

: 34

5.5

to 3

51.8

fee

t T

his

cycl

e m

ay a

ctua

lly

be a

con

tinu

atio

n of

Cyc

le 9

. T

he t

op o

f th

e cy

cle

at

345.

5 fe

et i

s a

prom

inen

t ha

rdgr

ound

. T

he w

hole

cy

cle

cons

ists

of

5 sm

alle

r cy

cles

0.8

fee

t to

2 i

nche

s th

ick.

T

he c

ycle

is

very

sim

ilar

to C

ycle

8 w

ith

US

GS

-WR

D-U

rban

a (U

SE

PA

) B

CO

NE

Pars

on C

.-H.

#G12

7SP

25-4

4N-3

E

dolo

miti

c, v

ery

argi

llace

ous

sand

y si

ltsto

ne a

t ba

se

grad

ing

to s

ilty,

arg

illac

eous

san

dy f

inel

y cr

ysta

lline

do

lom

ite i

n th

e m

iddl

e, a

nd f

inel

y cr

ysta

lline

slig

htly

ar

gilla

ceou

s an

d si

lty,

sand

y to

slig

htly

san

dy d

olom

ite

at t

op.

Onl

y th

e do

lom

ite a

t to

p of

the

las

t cy

cle

is sl

ight

ly v

uggy

; so

me

pyri

te g

ranu

les

and

diss

emin

ated

py

rite

thr

ough

out;

low

er 2

fee

t co

ntai

ns a

few

ver

y py

ritic

len

ses

and

lam

inae

; co

ntac

ts b

etw

een

cycl

es

mor

e or

les

s gr

adat

iona

l w

ith d

istin

ct c

hang

es i

n lit

holo

gy;

base

s of

som

e cy

cles

are

nod

ular

and

cou

ld

be m

ud c

rack

s; t

op o

f th

e 4t

h cy

cle

(or

the

base

of

thir

d cy

cle)

at

347.

7 fe

et h

as w

ell-

deve

lope

d m

ud

crac

ks o

n be

ddin

g su

rfac

e.

Bas

e of

the

sm

alle

r cy

cle

incl

udes

:

a)

351.

8 fe

et

«2 t

o 3

inch

es a

bove

bas

e is

very

sh

aly

b)

349.

5 fe

et

=*2

to 3

inc

hes

abov

e ba

se i

s sl

ight

ly

nodu

lar

and

show

s so

ft-s

edim

ent

defo

rmat

ion

c)

348.

7 fe

et

3 in

ches

abo

ve b

ase

is w

ell

lam

inat

ed,

cont

orte

d, a

nd s

how

s ev

iden

ce o

f so

ft-s

edim

ent

defo

rmat

ion

d)

347.

7 fe

et

wel

l-de

velo

ped

mud

cra

cks

on

bedd

ing

plan

e at

bas

ee)

34

6.9

feet

no

dula

r at

bas

e, p

ossi

ble

mud

cra

cks

Cyc

le 1

5:

343.

7 to

351

.8 f

eet

Bas

al 5

inc

hes

abov

e a

hard

grou

nd s

urfa

ce i

s co

nglo

mer

atic

with

dol

omiti

c sa

ndst

one

mat

rix,

ther

e ar

e a

few

dol

omite

cla

sts

up

to 1

inc

h ac

ross

; th

ese

clas

ts a

re l

ithol

ogic

ally

sim

ilar

to t

he u

nit

belo

w t

he h

ardg

roun

d; b

asal

uni

t gr

ades

up

war

d in

to a

dol

omiti

c sa

ndst

one

abou

t 6

inch

es

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(USE

PA)

BO

ON

EPa

rson

C.-H

. #G

127S

P25

-44N

-3E

thic

k; s

ands

tone

is

slig

htly

por

ous,

ver

y fin

e to

fin

e,

slig

htly

pyr

itic

and

cont

ains

a f

ew p

hosp

hatic

pel

lets

; sa

ndst

one

grad

es u

pwar

d in

to a

san

dy t

o ve

ry s

andy

, ar

gilla

ceou

s pe

loid

al d

olom

ite t

hat

is s

light

ly p

yriti

c,

with

som

e ph

osph

atic

pel

lets

; do

lom

ite b

ecom

es m

ore

pure

and

pel

oida

l in

upp

er 4

inc

hes.

T

op o

f th

e cy

cle

is m

arke

d by

a h

ardg

roun

d su

rfac

e.

Cyc

le 1

6:

341.

6 to

343

.7 f

eet

Thi

s cy

cle

is e

ssen

tially

si

mila

r to

Cyc

le 1

5; a

bout

10

inch

es a

t ba

se i

s do

lom

itic

to s

light

ly d

olom

itic

sand

ston

e; i

n pa

rt,

poro

us s

ands

tone

tha

t co

ntai

ns a

few

dol

omite

cla

sts

up t

o 1A

inc

h ac

ross

; sa

ndst

one

is fi

ne t

o ve

ry f

ine,

sl

ight

ly p

yriti

c an

d sl

ight

ly a

rgill

aceo

us;

abou

t 4

inch

es

abov

e th

e sa

ndst

one

is ar

gilla

ceou

s to

ver

y ar

gilla

ceou

s, d

olom

itic

sand

ston

e th

at i

s bu

rrow

ed

with

a n

odul

ar a

ppea

ranc

e.

Thi

s sa

ndst

one

grad

es

upw

ard

into

a v

ery

sand

y, s

light

ly a

rgill

aceo

us

pelo

idal

dol

omite

; it

beco

mes

les

s sa

ndy

and

less

ar

gilla

ceou

s to

war

d th

e to

p; t

his

dolo

mite

is

very

fin

e an

d br

ecci

ated

at

top,

abo

ut 2

to

3 in

ches

abo

ve t

he

brec

ciat

ed z

one

is a

ver

y sa

ndy

dolo

mite

with

sev

eral

w

orm

bor

ings

; th

is i

s a

tran

sitio

n zo

ne t

o th

e ne

xt

cycl

e ab

ove;

top

of

the

cycl

e ap

pear

s to

be

a so

il ho

rizo

n w

ith a

few

pis

oliti

c st

ruct

ures

, br

ecci

atio

n an

d po

ssib

le m

ud c

rack

s (?

); l

arge

cra

cks/

fiss

ures

abo

ut

1A-

to V

fc-in

ch w

ide

exte

nd a

bout

2 i

nche

s be

low

the

to

p an

d ar

e fi

lled

with

sed

imen

t fr

om o

verl

ying

uni

t

Cyc

le 1

7:

341.

1 to

341

.6 f

eet

A t

rans

ition

al z

one

at b

ase,

ab

out

2 in

ches

thi

ck i

s sl

ight

ly c

ongl

omer

atic

, pe

loid

al

very

san

dy d

olom

ite t

o ve

ry d

olom

itic

sand

ston

e; t

his

grad

es i

nto

3-in

ch-t

hick

por

ous

sand

ston

e, f

ine

to

US

GS

-WR

D-U

rban

a (U

SEPA

)B

CO

NE

Par

son

C-H

. #G

127S

P 25

-44N

-3E

med

ium

gra

ined

, sl

ight

ly d

olom

itic

with

num

erou

s w

orm

bor

ings

; th

e re

st o

f th

e un

it at

top

is

slig

htly

sa

nd t

o sa

ndy

dolo

mite

tha

t is

slig

htly

pyr

itic

with

se

vera

l w

orm

bur

row

s an

d/or

bor

ings

; m

any

of th

ese

burr

ows

are

fille

d w

ith m

icrit

ic d

olom

ite;

top

of th

e un

it is

mar

ked

with

a p

rom

inen

t ha

rdgr

ound

.

Cyc

le 1

8:

339.

8 to

341

.1 f

eet

Cyc

le s

tart

s w

ith a

dol

omiti

c to

ver

y do

lom

itic

sand

ston

e in

the

bas

al 2

to

3 in

ches

, sa

ndst

one

cont

ains

cla

sts

up t

o 2

inch

es a

cros

s fr

om

unde

rlyi

ng u

nit;

sand

ston

e gr

ades

upw

ard

into

bu

rrow

ed,

in p

art,

nodu

lar,

arg

illac

eous

, ve

ry

dolo

miti

c sa

ndst

one

to v

ery

sand

y, a

rgill

aceo

us

dolo

mite

tha

t is

pelo

idal

, sl

ight

ly p

yriti

c an

d ph

osph

atic

(pe

llets

); t

op 4

to

5 in

ches

is

less

san

dy

and

less

arg

illac

eous

, ve

ry f

inel

y cr

ysta

lline

dol

omite

w

ith m

ud c

rack

fea

ture

s; s

ands

in

this

dol

omite

are

ve

ry f

ine

to c

oars

e; l

ooks

som

ewha

t br

ecci

ated

at

top.

Cyc

le 1

9:

338.

1 to

339

.8 f

eet

Abo

ut 1

0 in

ches

at

the

base

is

very

arg

illac

eous

, sa

ndy,

ver

y do

lom

itic

silts

tone

/ver

y ar

gilla

ceou

s, v

ery

silty

, sa

ndy

dolo

mite

; it

is br

ecci

ated

at

base

and

som

ewha

t no

dula

r ab

ove;

it

is sl

ight

ly p

yriti

c; t

his

unit

grad

es u

pwar

d in

to a

ve

ry f

inel

y cr

ysta

lline

dol

omite

tha

t is

slig

htly

ar

gilla

ceou

s.

It i

s al

so s

light

ly s

ilty

to s

andy

an

d co

ntai

ns n

umer

ous

pyri

te g

ranu

les

and

fram

boid

s; c

onta

ct w

ith t

he c

ycle

abo

ve i

s ve

ry s

harp

.

Cyc

le 2

0:

335.

0 to

338

.1 f

eet

Bas

al 7

to

8 in

ches

is

nodu

lar,

arg

illac

eous

, sa

ndy

dolo

miti

c si

ltsto

ne w

ith

abun

dant

dol

omite

cla

sts,

mos

tly o

f gr

anul

ar s

ize;

it

grad

es u

pwar

d in

to a

ver

y fin

ely

crys

talli

ne d

olom

ite

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(USE

PA)

BC

CN

EPa

rson

C-H

. #G

127S

P25

-44M

-3E

15

*

that

is

silty

to

sand

y, a

rgill

aceo

us,

and,

in

part

, py

ritic

; sp

heri

cal

mas

ses

of p

yrite

fra

mbo

ids

com

mon

th

roug

hout

; to

p 10

inc

hes

is m

ore

pure

dol

omite

tha

t is

very

fin

ely

crys

talli

ne a

nd s

light

ly v

uggy

and

slig

htly

sa

ndy;

upp

er 1

to

1.5

inch

es i

s ve

ry l

ight

bro

wni

sh

gray

to

pink

ish

gray

, ve

ry f

ine

to l

ithog

raph

ic;

top

of

the

cycl

e is

a po

ssib

le h

ardg

roun

d (?

).

Cyc

le 2

1:

334.

2 to

335

.0 f

eet

Thi

s cy

cle

is a

very

dolo

miti

c, a

rgill

aceo

us s

ands

tone

; ba

sal

1 to

2 i

nche

s is

slig

htly

con

glom

erat

ic w

ith d

olom

ite c

last

s of

gr

anul

e to

peb

ble

size

s; t

op o

f th

e cy

cle

is m

arke

d by

a

prom

inen

t ha

rdgr

ound

; bu

rrow

s an

d/or

bor

ings

ex

tend

abo

ut 1

to

2 in

ches

bel

ow t

he h

ardg

roun

d su

rfac

e an

d ar

e fi

lled

with

san

dsto

ne f

rom

abo

ve

units

upp

er 1

to

2 in

ches

is p

yriti

c w

ith a

few

pyr

ite

nodu

les

up t

o W

inch

acr

oss.

360.

2 to

361

.5 f

eet

Sand

ston

e an

d sa

ndy

dolo

mite

; sa

ndst

one

light

gra

y w

ith l

ight

gre

enis

h gr

ay t

inge

(5G

6/1

) in

top

6 i

nche

s; s

ands

tone

at

base

(«4 i

nche

s) i

s gr

eeni

sh

gray

to

gray

ish

purp

le t

o m

ediu

m-l

ight

gra

y (5

G 6

/1 t

o 5P

4/

2 to

N6)

; th

e re

st o

f th

e un

it is

san

dy d

olom

ite w

ith

pink

ish

gray

(5Y

R 8

/1)

dolo

mite

in

brec

ciat

ed z

one

to

med

ium

-lig

ht g

ray

to m

ediu

m-d

ark

gray

(N

6 to

N5)

el

sew

here

; sa

ndst

one

is b

imod

al a

nd r

ange

s fr

om f

ine

to

coar

se g

rain

ed;

coar

ser

sand

s ar

e ro

unde

d to

wel

l ro

unde

d; s

ands

tone

is

slig

htly

pyr

itic,

dol

omiti

c, s

light

ly

argi

llace

ous,

por

ous

(»10 t

o 15

% p

oros

ity).

Sa

ndst

one

at

base

is

fine

to

med

ium

, m

oder

atel

y so

rted

, ro

unde

d to

w

ell

roun

ded,

slig

htly

pyr

itic;

top

of

this

san

dsto

ne i

s

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(USE

PA)

BO

ON

EPa

rson

C.-H

. #G

127S

P25

-44N

-3E

dolo

raiti

c; t

his

sand

ston

e is

also

por

ous

with

abo

ut 2

0%

poro

sity

. T

he r

est

of t

he u

nit

in t

he m

iddl

e pa

rt o

f th

e m

embe

r is

a sa

ndy

dolo

mite

tha

t is

brec

ciat

ed a

t ba

se.

For

mor

e de

tails

on

this

dol

omite

uni

t se

e C

ycle

1

desc

ribe

d ab

ove

unde

r D

aysv

ille

Dol

omite

Mem

ber.

T

op

of K

ingd

om M

embe

r is

dark

bro

wn,

pos

sibl

y ph

osph

atic

, an

d co

uld

be a

har

dgro

und

surf

ace.

361.

5 to

394

.0 f

eet

(rec

over

ed o

nly

«7 f

eet)

Sa

ndst

one,

ve

ry l

ight

gra

y to

whi

te (

N8

to N

9);

in p

art,

light

gre

enis

h gr

ay t

o gr

ayis

h pu

rple

(5G

8/1

to

5P 4

/2);

mos

tly f

ine

to

med

ium

, in

par

t, w

ith s

ome

coar

se f

loat

ing

sand

s; s

ome

beds

are

mos

tly f

ine;

it

is su

brou

nded

in

fine

r fr

actio

n,

beco

min

g ro

unde

d to

wel

l ro

unde

d in

med

ium

to

coar

se

frac

tion;

pyr

ite g

ranu

les

and/

or f

ram

boid

s on

e pr

esen

t th

roug

hout

but

are

mor

e co

mm

on i

n lo

wer

par

t; so

me

gree

nish

ban

ding

in t

he m

iddl

e pa

rt b

etw

een

374.

0 to

38

0.0

feet

Sa

ndst

one

is m

ostly

fri

able

and

por

ous,

and

ha

s ab

out

20-3

0% i

nter

gran

ular

por

osity

. Sa

ndst

one

is br

oken

hor

izon

tally

int

o 1

to 5

inc

h pi

eces

; it

is po

wde

red

(loo

se s

and)

at

363.

0 to

375

.0 f

eet

and

brok

en i

nto

smal

l pi

eces

(1

to 3

inc

hes)

in

som

e in

terv

als.

T

here

is

abou

t 25

.0 f

eet

of c

ore

loss

; co

re l

oss

at 3

63.0

to

375.

0 fe

et (

only

a

smal

l sa

mpl

e ba

g of

loos

e sa

nd r

ecov

ered

), 3

75.0

to

379.

0 fe

et (

~2

feet

cor

e lo

ss),

and

379.

0 to

394

.0 f

eet

(«11

fee

t lo

ss).

PAM

:BC

AS\

ZA

K\G

-127

-SP.

PGH

USG

S-W

RD

-Urb

ana

(US

EP

A)

Pars

on C

.-H.

#G12

7SP

BC

ON

E

25-4

4N-3

E

CO

MPA

NY

:FA

RM

:D

ATE

DR

ILL

ED

:E

LE

VA

TIO

N:

LO

CA

TIO

N:

CO

UN

TY:

CO

UN

TY N

O:

CO

RE

NO

:

U.S

. Geo

logi

cal S

urve

y (U

SEPA

)Pa

rson

's C

aske

t-Har

dwar

e C

o. #

G12

8GP

1993

+785

' ±3'

GL

(U

SGS)

~550

' SL,

~ 1

00*

WL,

Sec

. 24-

T44N

-R3E

Boo

ne C

ount

y, Il

linoi

s (B

elvi

dere

N Q

uad)

2258

8C

-138

85

Det

aile

d st

ratig

raph

ic d

escr

iptio

n by

Mic

hael

L. S

arge

nt a

nd Z

akar

ia

Lase

mi o

n Fe

brua

ry 1

-4,1

994.

Lo

gged

at S

urve

y A

nnex

; in

door

s,

heat

ed, f

luor

esce

nt li

ghts

, tra

nsfe

rred

into

2-f

oot l

ong

core

box

es.

All

data

are

in f

eet

Dol

omite

, ver

y pa

le o

rang

e (1

0YR

8/2

) to

ver

y lig

ht g

ray

(N8)

with

da

rker

gra

y (N

3) t

o da

rk g

reen

ish

gray

(5Y

G 4

/1)

and

dark

bro

wni

sh

gray

(SY

R 3

/1)

shal

e pa

rtin

gs (

som

e st

ylol

ite d

evel

opm

ent)

, mos

tly

med

ium

cry

stal

line

with

som

e fin

e. N

umer

ous

hard

grou

nds

thro

ugho

ut th

at a

re g

ener

ally

cha

ract

eriz

ed b

y be

com

ing

dark

er

colo

red

upw

ard

to a

pho

spha

tic a

nd p

yriti

c ir

regu

lar

nodu

lar u

pper

su

rfac

e ov

erla

in b

y lig

hter

col

ored

dol

omite

; obv

ious

har

d gro

unds

at:

175.

7,17

6.1,

176.

6,19

0.3,

190

.6, 1

91.0

,191

.5,1

93.7

, 19

4.2,

194.

8,

195.

6,19

5.8,

196.

5, 1

96.9

, 19

8.0,

198.

8, 2

CO.O

, 200

.5, 2

01.1

,203

.0.

Che

rry

with

whi

te (

N9)

to

very

ligh

t gra

y (N

8) n

odul

es a

nd "

beds

"

USG

S (U

SEPA

) B

OO

NE

CO

UN

TY

Pars

on's

Cas

ket-H

ardw

are

Co.

#G

128G

P24

-T44

N-R

3E

(they

cro

ss e

ntir

e co

re)

from

177

-185

±, c

hert

is g

ray

and

foss

ilife

rous

at

179

.7 (

poss

ibly

pel

ecyp

ods,

thin

arc

-sha

ped

cros

s se

ctio

ns);

sligh

tly

to v

ery

poro

us th

roug

hout

, por

es r

ange

fro

m v

esic

ular

to t

hum

b-ho

le

size

cavi

ties

(som

e ar

e m

olds

of f

ossil

s, ot

hers

Jus

t loo

k lik

e ce

llulo

se

spon

ge w

ith it

s un

even

por

es);

a fe

w p

ores

are

par

tially

line

d w

ith

fine-

grai

ned

pyrit

e, o

ther

s w

ith c

oars

e sp

arkl

ey d

olom

ite c

ryst

als;

vi

sual

ly e

stim

ated

vis

ible

por

osity

rang

es f

rom

5%

to 1

5 or

20%

, ov

eral

l it i

s pr

obab

ly 1

0% o

r a

little

mor

e.

Thin

shar

y be

ds a

nd

pape

r-th

in s

haly

par

tings

are

dar

k gr

ay (

N3)

to

blac

k an

d m

ake

up

muc

h le

ss t

han

1% o

f ro

ck, b

ecom

e m

ore

com

mon

dow

nwar

d,

espe

cial

ly b

elow

~* 1

90';

over

all r

ock

is on

ly sl

ight

ly fo

ssili

fero

us,

mos

tly p

rese

rved

as

mol

ds, a

litt

le in

che

rts;

som

e tu

bes

and

othe

r tra

ce f

ossil

tub

es a

nd t

rails

, et

c.;

gast

ropo

d an

d pe

lecy

pod

mol

ds a

t 18

5.4'.

N

o ve

rtica

l fr

actu

ring

is ap

pare

nt;

core

is b

roke

n (a

ppea

rs

mec

hani

cally

alo

ng s

haly

bed

ding

and

sty

lolit

es i

nto

piec

es r

angi

ng

from

~* 1

to

~ 9"

, no

appa

rent

mod

al si

ze t

o pi

eces

.

28.0

'17

5.0'

20

3.0*

Dol

omite

, ver

y lig

ht g

ray

to li

ght g

ray

(N8-

N7)

bec

omin

g in

terb

edde

d w

ith v

ery

light

bro

wni

sh g

ray

(5Y

R 7

/1),

cycl

es b

ecom

e da

rker

(to

m

ediu

m li

ght g

ray,

N6)

upw

ard

tow

ard

muc

h da

rker

(gr

eeni

sh b

lack

5G

Y 2

/1)

shar

y pa

rting

; ver

y fo

ssili

fero

us to

fos

silif

erou

s, se

vera

l di

stinc

tly c

alc-

aren

itic

zone

s fr

om ~

1"

to >

1 fo

ot, s

ome

have

dis

tinct

fo

ssil

mol

ds a

nd li

ghte

r-co

lore

d ca

sts

whe

reas

oth

ers

are

now

just

co

arse

cry

stal

line

dolo

mite

, fau

na in

clud

es a

bund

ant b

ryoz

oans

, man

y br

achi

opod

s, a

nd m

olds

of g

astro

pods

and

pel

ecyp

ods;

por

ous

pure

r do

lom

ite z

ones

inte

rbed

ded

with

fin

er a

nd d

ense

r ar

gilla

ceou

s to

sh

ah/ d

olom

ites,

pore

s ra

nge

from

sub

visi

ble

to m

ore

than

an

inch

(la

rger

vug

s m

ay b

e w

ashe

d-ou

t zon

es o

f med

ium

to c

oars

e cr

ysta

lline

"sp

ongy

" do

lom

ite, v

ugs

are

lined

with

cle

ar t

o w

hite

eu

hedr

al c

ryst

allin

e do

lom

ite;

hard

grou

nds:

th

e m

ost p

rom

inen

t on

es a

re t

he t

op a

nd b

asal

con

tact

s, o

ther

s ra

nge

from

sub

tle to

di

stin

ct, s

ubtle

one

s ar

e da

rker

col

ored

dol

omite

bel

ow a

rgill

aceo

us

to s

haly

dol

omite

, mor

e pr

omin

ent o

nes

at 2

07.8

and

211

.0, l

ess

prom

inen

t at 2

08.8

; on

e sm

all

(~ 1

.5')

verti

cal

frac

ture

at 2

08.7

.

USG

S (U

SEPA

) B

OO

NE

CO

UN

TY

Pars

on's

Cas

ket-H

ardw

are

Co.

#G12

8GP

24-T

44N

-R3E

Top

bou

ndar

y is

plac

ed a

t a

stro

ng h

ardg

roun

d w

here

the

re I

s a

sign

ifica

nt c

olor

cha

nge

fr< >

m ve

ry l

ight

gra

y an

d lig

ht g

ray

(N8-

N7)

m

ore

argi

llace

ous

and

shal

y, a

nd f

iner

gra

ined

bel

ow to

ver

y pa

le

oran

ge (

10Y

R 8

/2)

and

mor

e pu

re a

bove

. T

he D

ecor

ah is

abs

ent a

t th

is lo

calit

y (r

epre

sent

ed s

trat

igra

phic

ally

by

the

hard

grou

nd) s

o D

unle

ith r

ests

dire

ctly

on

the

Plat

tevi

lle. 10

.920

3.0

213.

9

Dol

omite

, ver

y lig

ht b

row

nish

gra

y (S

YR

7/1

) w

ith a

litt

le d

arke

r gr

ay

mot

tling

at

the

hard

grou

nd s

urfa

ce m

arki

ng t

he t

op, v

uggy

(~~

at to

p, s

ubtle

dar

k gr

ay s

tylo

lites

tow

ard

base

.

0.5

213.

9 21

4.4

Dol

omite

, pal

e ye

llow

ish

brow

n (1

0YR

7/2

) w

ith s

ome

a lit

tle d

arke

r (1

0YR

6/2

), ar

gilla

ceou

s to

sha

ly z

ones

of

dark

yel

low

ish

brow

n (1

0YR

4/2

); m

ostly

fin

e to

ver

y fin

ely

crys

talli

ne w

ith i

rreg

ular

pa

tche

s of

med

ium

spo

ngy

suga

ry d

olom

ite; v

ery

slig

htly

fos

silif

erou

s th

roug

hout

; som

e ch

ert a

s a

bed

at ~

219

.7 a

nd a

s sm

all

nodu

les

as

at 2

16.7

, 218

.7, a

nd 2

20.9

, fa

intly

mot

tled

med

ium

and

lig

ht g

ray

(N8

and

N6)

; up

per

~ 4

feet

con

tain

s ve

rtic

al f

ract

ures

up

to ~

W w

ide

and

up t

o ~

1" h

igh,

par

tially

lin

ed w

ith f

inel

y cr

ysta

lline

dol

omite

, so

me

very

slig

htly

pyr

itic,

low

er 4

-1- f

eet i

s m

ostly

den

se e

xcep

t ""

.8*

of v

uggy

dol

omite

221

.4-2

22.2

±, w

hich

is a

lso

mor

e fo

ssili

fero

us

cont

aini

ng b

ryoz

oans

, and

pel

ecop

od m

olds

.

8.8

214.

422

3.2

Dol

omite

, med

ium

ligh

t gra

y to

ligh

t gra

y (N

6 to

NT)

mot

tled

with

gr

ayish

ora

nge

(10Y

R 7

/4),

stre

aky

mot

tled

pale

bro

wn

(5Y

R 5

/2)

in

a co

uple

inch

es a

t bas

e (2

25.7

-225

.9)

a fe

w s

haly

par

tings

of

mod

erat

e br

own

(5Y

R 3

/4)

dolo

miti

c sh

ale;

che

rt no

dule

at 2

24.9

-

USG

S (U

SEPA

) B

CO

NE

CO

UN

TY

Pars

on's

Cas

ket-

Har

dwar

e C

o. #

O12

8OP

24-T

44N

-R3E

225.

0, w

hite

mot

tled

light

gra

y (N

9 an

d N

T);

fine

to v

ery

finel

y cr

ysta

lline

; m

ostly

den

se w

ith a

few

sca

ttere

d vu

gs, p

in-h

ead

to ~

H"

with

som

e in

terc

onne

cted

to f

orm

1"

long

ope

ning

s; v

ery

slig

htly

fo

ssili

fero

us, p

roba

bly

W o

stra

code

s? a

nd a

pal

mat

azoa

n co

lum

nal

on s

haty

bed

ding

pla

ne a

t 22

5.0,

mor

e fo

ssils

on

bedd

ing

plan

e at

22

5.25

, uni

dent

ifia

ble

foss

ils a

s th

in w

hite

str

eaks

at 2

25.5

. C

onta

ct

with

the

und

erly

ing

Nac

husa

Dol

omite

at

225.

9 is

plac

ed a

t a

hard

grou

nd w

here

maj

or p

oros

ity, g

rain

-siz

e an

d co

lor

chan

ges

occu

r in

the

dol

omite

.

2.7

223.

222

5,9

Dol

omite

, gra

yish

ora

nge

(10Y

R 7

/4)

with

mot

tling

and

im

erbe

ds o

f pa

le y

ello

wis

h br

own

(10Y

R 6

/2)

and

pale

yel

low

ish

oran

ge (

10Y

R

8/6)

, fe

w a

rgill

aceo

us to

sha

ly p

artin

gs a

re m

oder

ate

yello

wis

h br

own

(10Y

R 5

/4);

cher

t as

bed

at

231.

4 is

very

ligh

t gra

y m

ottle

d w

ith li

ght

gray

(N

8 w

ith N

7),

~ 1"

nod

ule

at 2

35.0

; do

lom

ite is

med

ium

to

finer

y cr

ysta

lline

, som

e ve

ry f

ine

in b

ranc

hing

bur

row

filli

ngs;

m

oder

atel

y po

rous

thro

ugho

ut w

ith i

rreg

ular

sha

ped

stre

aks

and

patc

hes

of sp

ongy

por

ous

dolo

mite

, lar

ge v

ugs

(~ 1

") a

t 22

7.0

and

226.

4-22

6.6

lined

with

med

ium

-cry

stal

line

euhe

dral

dol

omite

, lar

ge

vugs

sho

w e

xten

sive

int

erco

nnec

tion,

at

six p

lace

s ve

rtic

al f

ract

ures

sp

lit t

he c

ore;

sev

eral

zon

es a

re e

xten

sive

ly b

urro

wed

with

bra

nchi

ng

(int

erco

nnec

ted)

bur

row

sys

tem

s m

ost o

bvio

us in

top

1 f

oot (

225.

9-

227.

0±)

and

at 2

31.1

-233

.2;

seve

ral

prom

inen

t cal

care

nitic

bed

s 1-

2 in

ches

thic

k w

ith f

ossi

l mol

dic

poro

sity

up

to ~

V*

inch

, fos

sils

inc

lude

br

achi

opod

s, b

ryoz

oans

, pel

ecop

ods,

and

uni

dent

ifie

d. L

ower

con

tact

w

ith G

rand

Det

our

is gr

adat

iona

l and

arb

itrar

y; r

ock

belo

w b

ecom

es

slig

htly

mor

e ar

gilla

ceou

s, m

uch

less

por

ous,

and

fin

er g

rain

ed.

9.2

225.

923

5.1

USG

S (U

SEPA

) B

OO

ME

CO

UN

TY

Pars

on's

Cas

ket-

Har

dwar

e C

o. #

G12

8GP

24-T

44N

-R3E

Dol

omite

, ver

y pa

le o

rang

e (1

0YR

8/2

) in

upp

er 7

-8 f

eet

to p

ale

yello

wish

bro

wn

(10Y

R 6

/2)

in n

ext 2

-3 f

eet

to y

ello

wis

h br

own

(10Y

R 5

/2)

in b

asal

3-4

fee

t of

this

sec

tion,

whi

ch is

235

.1-2

43.6

; sh

aty

parti

ngs

are

mod

erat

e ye

llow

ish

brow

n (1

0YR

5/4

) to

dar

k ye

llow

ish b

row

n (1

0YR

4/2

); co

arse

ns g

rada

tiona

lly fr

om v

ery

fine

at

top

to m

ediu

m c

ryst

allin

e in

low

er ~

6 f

eet a

bove

248

.6 (

this

ev

iden

ce c

ould

be

used

to

argu

e fo

r in

clud

ing

this

sec

tion

of ro

ck in

th

e N

achu

sa);

uppe

r fin

e-gr

aine

d ro

ck is

ver

y ar

gilla

ceou

s an

d be

com

es m

uch

pure

r do

lom

ite d

ownw

ard

as u

nit c

oars

ens;

slig

htly

po

rous

thro

ugho

ut, t

op f

ine-

grai

ned

pan

has

min

imal

vis

ible

por

osity

bu

t ins

tant

ly so

aks-

up w

ater

fro

m a

spr

ay b

ottle

indi

catin

g su

bsta

ntia

l in

ter-

crys

talli

ne p

oros

ity, s

light

ly m

ore

vugg

y hi

low

er p

art

espe

cial

ly

244.

5±-2

48.6

, vug

s re

ach

max

imum

of

1 in

ch a

cros

s in

thi

s lo

wer

zo

ne; v

ery

sligh

tly f

ossi

lifer

ous

incl

udin

g br

achi

opod

s an

d ec

hino

derm

fr

agm

ents

and

pos

sibl

y so

me

bryo

zoan

frag

men

ts;

exte

nsiv

e bu

rrow

ing

in t

he lo

wer

par

t cau

ses

a m

ottle

d ap

pear

ance

, bur

row

s in

ar

gilla

ceou

s zo

ne c

reat

e a

nodu

lar a

ppea

ranc

e as

at 2

46.5

± an

d 24

0.2-

240.

3* s

ome

thin

hea

led

verti

cal

frac

ture

s at

243

.5, c

ore

is sh

atte

red

to r

ubbl

e 24

7.0-

247.

5± (

was

pro

babl

y m

echa

nica

l due

to

jam

min

g of

cor

e ba

rrel

); n

o vi

sibl

e ha

rdgr

ound

s with

in th

is s

ectio

n;

shar

p co

ntac

t at b

ase

whe

re d

olom

ite o

verli

es a

n ar

gilla

ceou

s an

d sh

aly

zone

, the

dol

omite

bel

ow is

gra

yer

and

mor

e ex

tens

ivel

y bu

rrow

ed.

13.5

235.

124

8.6

Dol

omite

, upp

er 1

.5'±

loo

ks v

ery

sim

ilar

to th

e un

derly

ing

Still

man

D

olom

ite M

embe

r inc

ludi

ng th

e oc

curr

ence

of n

umer

ous s

hale

pa

rting

s; u

pper

1.5

'± i

s m

ediu

m li

ght g

ray

(N6)

mot

tled

with

pin

kish

gr

ay (

5YR

8/1

), sh

aly

parti

ngs

are

oliv

e gr

ay (

5Y 4

/1),

belo

w th

is 1.

5' is

pale

yel

low

ish b

row

n (1

0YR

6/2

) w

ith m

ottli

ng a

nd s

ome

inte

rbed

s of

gra

yish

ora

nge

(10Y

R 7

/4),

shai

y pa

rting

s in

this

inte

rval

are

few

an

d ye

llow

ish b

row

n (1

0YR

5/2

), al

so a

cou

ple

thin

whi

te (

N9)

m

ottle

d ca

lcar

eniti

c zo

nes;

upp

er z

one

is ve

ry f

ine

and

the

rest

ra

nges

fro

m f

ine

to m

ediu

m;

poro

sity

is c

omm

on a

nd v

uggy

USG

S (U

SEPA

) B

OC

NE

CO

UN

TYPa

rson

's C

aske

t-Har

dwar

e C

o. #

G12

8GP

24-T

44N

-R3E

thro

ugho

ut w

ith v

ugs

up t

o ab

out %

inch

es, s

ome

may

be

foss

il m

olds

; th

ree

prom

inen

t ~

1" c

alca

reni

tic z

ones

at

""25

0.0,

250

.2, a

nd

256.

3, s

ome

foss

il fr

agm

ents

app

ear

to b

e br

yozo

ans;

few

br

achi

opod

s, e

chin

oder

ms

and

bryo

zoan

s th

roug

hout

; upp

er ~

1.5

' zo

ne h

as a

col

ored

pat

tern

tha

t loo

ks li

ke a

diff

use

burr

owed

pat

tern

, on

ly m

inor

bur

row

mot

tling

bel

ow, s

trong

dar

k sh

ale

parti

ng a

t 250

m

ay h

ave

been

Vi-%

" or

mor

e th

ick

orig

inal

ly;

trace

s of

pyr

ite h

i a

few

vug

s. A

t 25

1.0*

an

~ V4

" gra

velly

mud

is s

tuck

to t

he c

ore.

Thi

s co

uld

be a

K-b

entp

nite

or

poss

ibly

a m

ud-f

illed

join

t, bu

t it

is m

ost

likel

y w

here

thi

s pi

ece

of c

ore

was

dro

pped

in m

ud a

t th

e dr

ill s

ite

and

not c

lean

ed o

ff.

Bot

h co

re e

nds

at th

is p

oint

app

ear

to m

atch

.

7.9

248.

625

6.5

Dol

omite

, med

ium

ligh

t gra

y m

ottle

d w

ith li

ght g

ray

and

pink

ish

gray

(N

6 w

ith N

7 an

d 5Y

R 8

/1),

with

num

erou

s sh

aly

parti

ngs

of o

live

gray

(5Y

4/1

), on

e th

in (

WV

i" th

ick)

oxi

dize

d oc

hero

us z

one

at 2

57.7

is

dark

yel

low

ish

oran

ge (

10Y

R 6

/6);

exte

nsiv

ely

burr

ow m

ottle

d th

roug

hout

, how

ever

, the

int

ensi

ty d

imin

ishe

s to

nea

r ze

ro a

t ba

se

(265

.5);

num

erou

s sh

aly

parti

ngs

spac

ed f

rom

~ V

i or

W t

o as

muc

h as

3 i

nche

s ap

art

thro

ugho

ut u

nit,

thes

e al

so d

imin

ish

in f

requ

ence

an

d pr

omin

ence

tow

ard

base

; m

ostly

all

very

fin

e to

sub

litho

grap

hic

thro

ugho

ut; p

oros

ity is

lim

ited

to a

few

sca

ttere

d vu

gs, m

ostly

sm

all

(<yi

"), a

few

are

lin

ed w

hite

med

ium

-cry

stal

line

dolo

mite

; ra

re f

ossil

fr

agm

ents

sca

ttere

d th

roug

hout

. Lo

wer

con

tact

with

Cow

en

Dol

omite

Mem

ber

is gr

adat

iona

l and

exa

ct p

lace

men

t arb

itrar

y, h

ere

it is

base

d up

on th

e de

clin

e of

bur

row

mot

tling

(fu

coid

s) a

nd

acco

mpa

nyin

g de

clin

e in

fre

quen

cy a

nd p

rom

inen

ce o

f sha

ly p

artin

gs,

9.0

256.

526

5.5

Dol

omite

, pal

e ye

llow

ish

brow

n (1

0YR

6/2

) to

pin

kish

gra

y (5

Y 8

/1)

with

som

e in

terb

eds

of d

ark

yello

wish

bro

wn

(10Y

R 4

/2)

and

shal

y be

ds a

nd p

artin

gs o

f da

rk y

ello

wish

bro

wn

(10Y

R 4

/2)

to d

usky

br

own

(5Y

R 2

/2);

som

e da

rk g

ray

spec

klin

g (m

ay b

e bu

rrow

USG

S (U

SEPA

) B

OO

NE

CO

UN

TY

Pars

on's

Cas

ket-H

ardw

are

Co.

#G12

8GP

24-T

44N

-R3E

mot

tling

) th

roug

hout

; mos

tly f

ine

to v

ery

fine

with

som

e fin

e to

m

ediu

m in

terb

eds;

mos

tly d

ense

with

few

bed

s of

ves

icul

ar d

olom

ite,

very

slig

htly

vug

gy th

roug

hout

, mos

t vug

s ar

e pi

n-he

ad t

o el

onga

te

(sla

sh-li

ke)

open

ings

(ve

rtica

l bor

ing

tube

s) a

nd a

ver

y fe

w la

rger

vu

gs (

only

a c

oupl

e pe

r fo

ot, m

axim

um);

prom

inen

t cal

care

nitic

bed

~

1" t

hick

sho

win

g m

uch

foss

il-m

oldi

c po

rosi

ty a

t 277

.0*;

fos

sils

are

rare

but

incl

ude

scat

tere

d cr

inoi

d st

ems

and

brac

hiop

ods,

abu

ndan

t ho

rizon

tal t

race

fos

sils

on m

any

of th

e sh

ah/ b

eddi

ng p

lane

s; a

few

w

idel

y sp

aced

thi

n ("

"1")

arg

illac

eous

zon

es in

the

upp

er p

art

(265

.5-

2743

) gi

ve w

ay to

sha

h/ z

ones

of a

rgill

aceo

us d

olom

ite

iate

rlam

inat

ed w

ith r

eddi

sh-b

row

n sh

ales

in lo

wer

par

t (2

74.3

-280

.7);

verti

cal f

ract

ures

inte

rsec

ted

by c

ore

at 2

76.3

-277

.0.

Low

er c

onta

ct Is

so

mew

hat s

ubje

ctiv

e bu

t Is

plac

ed a

t a

stro

ng w

avy

shal

e be

ddin

g pl

ane

whe

re t

he c

lose

ly s

pace

d sh

ah/ i

nter

beds

of

the

Miff

lin g

ive

way

to w

idel

y sp

aced

sha

le i

nter

beds

of t

he C

owen

Mem

ber,

Will

man

and

Kol

ata

(197

8) s

how

a p

rom

inen

t har

dgro

und

a sh

ort

dist

ance

bel

ow th

e to

p of

the

Miff

lin s

o th

is c

onta

ct is

pla

ced

abou

t 2

feet

abo

ve th

e up

perm

ost s

tron

g ha

rdgr

ound

in M

ifflin

, whi

ch

cont

ains

num

erou

s pr

omin

ent h

ardg

roun

ds; C

owen

has

non

e.

15.2

265.

528

0.7

Dol

omite

and

int

erbe

dded

sha

les,

dol

omite

is li

ght t

o m

ediu

m li

ght

gray

(N

7 an

d N

6) w

ith s

ome

inte

rbed

s of

pal

e ye

llow

ish

brow

n (1

0YR

6/2

) an

d m

ottli

ng o

f pin

kish

gra

y (5

YR

8/1

), so

me

gray

ish

oran

ge (

10Y

R 7

/4)

near

the

base

; sh

ah/ i

nter

beds

and

par

tings

co

nstit

ute

~ 15

% o

f sec

tion

and

are

dark

gre

enis

h gr

ay to

gre

enis

h bl

ack

(5G

Y 4

/1 t

o 5O

Y 2

/1)

in t

he d

arke

r gra

y do

lom

ite, d

ark

yello

wis

h br

own

(1)Y

R 4

/2)

part

ings

occ

ur h

i the

upp

er tw

o fe

et

trans

ition

al to

Cow

en D

olom

ite M

embe

r and

in th

e lo

wer

two

feet

, w

hich

is tr

ansi

tiona

l to

the

Peca

toni

ca; d

olom

ite is

fin

ely

spec

kle

mot

tled

with

a m

ixtu

re o

f sha

des

of g

ray,

mos

tly f

inel

y cr

ysta

lline

, es

peci

ally

whe

re a

rgill

aceo

us, i

nter

bedd

ed w

ith n

umer

ous v

ery

coar

sely

cry

stal

line

calc

aren

itic

inte

rbed

s up

to a

bout

6 in

ches

thic

k,

calc

aren

ites

cont

ain

man

y fo

ssil

frag

men

ts a

nd f

ossi

l-mol

dic

poro

sity

, on

e la

rge

(1"

diam

eter

) st

raig

ht c

epha

lapo

d m

old

thro

ugh

the

core

at

USO

S (U

SEPA

) B

OO

NE

CO

UN

TYPa

rson

's C

aske

t-Har

dwar

e C

o. #

G12

8GP

24-T

44N

-R3E

237.

8' a

nd s

mal

ler

ceph

alap

ods

else

whe

re, a

lso

trilo

bite

fra

gmen

ts,

bryo

zoan

s an

d br

achi

opod

s th

roug

hout

; sha

h/ b

eds

are

gene

rally

sp

aced

at

inte

rval

s up

to

abou

t 1'

but

sev

eral

cal

care

nitic

bed

s sp

ace

the

shal

es u

p to

abo

ut 6

inc

hes

(mos

t are

les

s th

an 2

' thi

ck);

visib

le

poro

sity

is g

ener

ally

abs

ent,

how

ever

, the

cal

care

nitic

bed

s ar

e vu

ggy,

m

ostly

<W

, and

sca

ttere

d vu

gs e

lsew

here

; tr

ace

foss

ils (

horiz

onal

bu

rrow

s) o

n m

ost s

haly

bed

ding

pla

nes.

Pr

omin

ent h

ardg

roun

ds a

t 28

2.9

(the

uppe

rmos

t stro

ng o

ne),

284.

1, 2

85.3

, 285

.6, 2

85.7

, 285

.9,

286.

2, 2

89.3

, 289

.5, 2

92.0

, 302

.3, a

nd a

t 30

5.4,

the

bas

al c

onta

ct w

ith

Pect

onic

a D

olom

ite.

Bas

al c

onta

ct is

pla

ced

at t

his

stro

ng (

actu

ally

a

doub

le h

ardg

roun

d) a

t th

e to

p of

the

Peca

toni

ca.

24.7

280.

730

5.4

Dol

omite

, bro

wn

(lOY

r 6/

2) m

ottle

d w

ith p

ale

yello

wis

h gr

ayis

h or

ange

(10

YR

7/4

) an

d m

ediu

m li

ght g

ray

(N5)

; st

reak

s of

dar

k re

ddis

h br

own

(10R

3/4

) m

ostly

hi

uppe

r 1.

5 fe

et ±

; ol

ive

blac

k sh

ah/

parti

ngs

(5Y

2/1

) in

mid

dle

and

low

er p

arts

, to

ps o

f har

dgro

und

surf

aces

are

ver

y da

rk g

ray,

mos

tly f

ine

with

pat

ches

of

med

ium

cr

ysta

lline

tha

t is

very

fin

ery

poro

us (

spon

gy);

poro

sity

is s

light

ly

vesi

cula

r in

the

upp

er 4

.5 f

eet b

ecom

es m

ostly

den

se w

ith s

catte

red

vugg

y po

res

in c

oars

er c

alca

reni

tic b

eds;

bec

omes

mor

e vu

ggy

in

low

er tw

o fe

et;

som

e be

ds a

re s

light

ly f

ossi

lifer

ous

but b

arel

y re

cogn

izab

le; p

rom

inen

t har

dgro

unds

at

top

of fo

rmat

ion,

305

.4, a

nd

at 3

09.2

, 309

.6, 3

10.0

±, h

ardg

roun

d at

top

of f

orm

atio

n Is

inte

nsiv

ely

bore

d w

ith t

race

s up

to ~

Vi i

nch

deep

; lo

wer

cou

ple

feet

and

upp

er

2.5

feet

are

mod

erat

ely

burr

ow m

ottle

d w

ith d

ark

gray

.

5.63

305.

4 31

1.03

NO

TE:

Foot

ages

In

the

botto

m b

ox a

re n

ot q

uite

cor

rect

. T

he

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king

s in

dica

te t

hat

the

box

cont

ains

305

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o 31

1.03

, whi

ch is

5.2

3 fe

et.

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ually

, the

box

con

tain

s ne

arly

8 f

eet o

f cor

e, s

o fo

otag

es

may

be

off b

y ab

out 2

.5 f

eet a

t th

is d

epth

.

PAM

:STA

FF\S

AR

GEN

T\G

128G

P.SS

USG

S (U

SEPA

) B

OO

NE

CO

UN

TY

Pars

on's

Cas

ket-

Har

dwar

e Co

. #G

128G

P24

-T44

N-R

3E

APPENDIX 4. METHODS FOR LABORATORY ANALYSIS OF POROSITY, BULK DENSITY, AND PARTICLE DENSITY OF ROCK CORES

[Methods modified from Vince Gutowski, Eastern Illinois University, written commun., 1987; Blake and Hartge (1986a, 1986b); Danielson and Sutherland (1986).]

1. Select approximately 0.25-foot long core samples from core box. Label the top of selected core samples (side closest to land surface is minimum depth) with "T" and sample number. Use a permanent marker. Wrap the core section in alu minum foil or place in plastic sandwich bag.

2. Obtain a laboratory-data record form and fill in the appropriate information on form when conducting the porosity analysis.

3. Using a precision scale, such as a Mettler balance, remove the cores from the aluminum foil or plastic bags and measure the initial weight (Wi, in grams xxx.xx) of the solid core samples (save, but do not weigh any small fragments that have broken off the core during handling). The scale should be calibrated, leveled, and zeroed before weighing the core samples.

4. Place the core samples with the long axis upward in a small, metal sample canister. Place the canisters that contain the core samples in a laboratory oven. Desiccate (dry) the samples for a minimum of 48 hours at 110°C (degrees Celsius).

5. Place the desiccated core samples (and contained fragments) on the scale and determine the dry weight of the samples (Wd, in grams xxx.xx).

6. Fill a vacuum jar about three-fourths full of de-ionized water (or tap water, if deionized water is unavailable). Avoid agitation (aeration) of the water.

7. Check the vacuum pump for proper volume and quality (moisture free) of the pump oil. Replacement oil should be engi neered specifically for use in vacuum pumps. Properly dispose of the used oil.

8. Attach a cartridge of properly dried desiccant (such as Drierite) to the vacuum pump. Unhydrated desiccant should appear light gray and translucent. Hydrated desiccant is dark colored and nearly opaque. Hydrated desiccant can be reconditioned by heating 1-2 hours at 200-225 °C.

9. Place the core samples in the vacuum jar, ensuring the cores are fully submersed in the water. Cores should be placed in the vacuum jar in the metal canisters or plastic bags to contain any fragments that may break off during saturating. The fragments must later be weighed along with the saturated cores. Submerse any remaining core samples in a water- filled container while the first set of samples are in the vacuum jar.

10. Saturate the core samples under vacuum for a minimum of 8 hours. Saturate the core samples in water under ambient atmospheric pressure or under vacuum with the pump turned off for a minimum of 48 hours. If air bubbles are noted in the water or emanating from the core samples while under vacuum (with pump turned on), continue pumping under vacuum until no bubbles are observed. There may be some air bubbles trapped under the cores or between the metal canisters or plastic bags; these air bubbles can be released by gently shaking or rotating the vacuum jar.

11. After saturating in water, remove the core samples and gently remove excess water from the surface of the cores by hand wiping; avoid siphoning water from the interior of the cores.

12. Weigh the saturated cores (Ws, in grams xxx.xx) and any fragments of the cores collected in the metal sample canis ters or plastic bags.

13. Mount appropriately sized displacement chamber (smallest chamber in which the core sample will fit) vertically on a laboratory ring stand. Fill with de-ionized or tap water to a level above the discharge spigot. Open the drainage spigot and let the water level equilibrate to the level of the open spigot.

14. Empty and dry a collection vessel (graduated cylinder or glass flask) of an appropriate size to collect all waterdischarged from the displacement chamber when a core sample is fully submersed in the chamber (generally about 100 milliliters, but run a test sample first).

15. Slowly lower a saturated core sample into the displacement chamber. There should be no loss of water over the top of the chamber or oscillation of the water surface, thus, allowing an excess volume of water to discharge through the spigot. Determine the volume of all core samples in one run of samples. After each measurement, cover the individual

122 Geologic, Hydrologic, Water-Quality Data from Selected Boreholes and Wells In and Near Belvidere, Illinois, 1989-96

collection vessel with laboratory sealing tape (to prevent evaporation of the water) and label the vessel withthesample number.

16. Measure the volume (Vt, in milliliters xx.xx; = Vt, in cubic centimeters) of the displaced water. Measure using a 10 milliliter pipette; measurements should be accurate to +/- 0.05 milliliters.

17. Place the saturated cores in the brass-wire harness attached to the triple-beam balance (calibrate and zero the bal ance before measurements are made) and lower into a water-filled vessel until fully submersed. Record the sat urated weight in water (Ww, in grams xxx.xx). If the weight exceeds the 600-gram limit of the balance, estimate the total weight and note the assumed accuracy of the estimate on the laboratory record form.

18. Estimate the relative volume (AVp) of vesicles and vugs (diameter greater than 0.25 inch) on the surface of the cores:

1 - smooth2 - slightly vesicular3 - moderately vesicular4 - very vesicular, slightly vuggy5 - moderately vuggy6 - very vuggy.

19. Use the collected data in the following formulas to obtain estimates of porosity, bulk density, and particle density of the lithologic cores:

Wp (weight of water in pores = Vp, volume of water inpores, in cubic centimeters): Wp = Ws - Wd

Porosity (P, in percent): P = Vp/VtBulk Density (BD, in grams/cubic centimeter): BD = Wd/Vt Particle Density (PD, in grams): PD = Wd/(Wd-Ww)

20. If an additional volume of pores (AVp) is recorded for individual core samples, adjusted values of porosity should be determined.

References

Blake, G.R., and Hartge, K.H., 1986a, Bulk density, in Klute, Arnold, ed., Methods of soil analysis: Madison, Wis.,American Society of Agronomy, p. 363-366.

1986b, Particle density, in Klute, Arnold, ed., Methods of soil analysis: Madison, Wis., American Society ofAgronomy, p. 377-380.

Danielson, R.E., and Sutherland, PL., 1986, Porosity, in Klute, Arnold, ed., Methods of soil analysis: Madison, Wis.,American Society of Agronomy, p. 143-144.

Appendix 4 123

APPENDIX 5. GEOPHYSICAL LOGS OF SELECTED BOREHOLES AND WELLS IN BELVIDERE, ILL.

[See appendix 1 for list of abbreviations used in appendix 5.]


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Appendix 5 135

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0

WELL BMW2 (Continued)


APPENDIX 6. DATA AND INTERPRETATIONS FROM AZIMUTHAL SQUARE-ARRAY DIRECT-CURRENT RESISTIVITY SURVEYS IN AND NEAR BELVIDERE, ILL.

Summary Of The Interpretations And Modeling Of Three Azimuthal Square Array D. C. Resistivity Data Sets Collected At Or Near The Parson's Casket Hardware Superfund Site, Belvidere, Illinois

By Peter Joesten and John W. Lane, Jr. Branch of Geophysical Applications and Support U.S. Geological Survey, WRD Connecticut District

The following presents a summary of the results of the analysis of azimuthal square-array direct-current resistivity (SAR) data collected at three sites in northern Illinois near the Parson's Casket Hardware Superfund site in Belvidere.

INTERPRETATION OF AZIMUTHAL DATA

SAR data supplied by Illinois District personnel were interpreted using anisotropic analysis methods described in Lane and others (1995). A spreadsheet was used to convert the raw field resistance values into apparent resistivities for each azimuthal array. The apparent resistivities were plotted on a 360° (degrees) polar diagram for graphical interpreta

tion. The spreadsheet also was used to calculate the primary axis of anisotropy, which can be interpreted as parallel to the primary fracture direction. The resistivity anisotropy also was calculated with the spreasheet. Under the assump tion that the observed anisotropy is induced by a single set of similarly oriented steeply dipping fractures, the second ary (fracture) porosity was then calculated. Analytical inter pretation of anisotropic resistivity data is appropriate in areas with a single set of fractures. Departures from a single fracture direction degrade the analysis but are reasonably valid if one fracture set has a dominant response. For exam ple, an ideal SAR data set when plotted on a polar diagram appears elliptical in shape. The ellipse has one dominant axis of anisotropy because of fracturing, with the maximum and minimum resistivities in perpendicular directions. The presence of other directions of fracturing can modify and distort the ellipse. Some of the SAR data discussed here depart from the single fracture model, indicating the pres ence of multiple sets of fractures. The graphical interpreta tions allow the interpretation of multiple directions of fracturing. The anlytical method allows identification of the primary fracture strike, and a secondary porosity that should be viewed as a first-order approximation. A tabu lated summary of interpreted data and a short discussion is given for each of the three sites.

SitelParson's Casket (BEL)[--, not analyzed or no comments]

Square size

(meters)

4.22

6

8.5

12

14.4

24

34

48

68

Visual azimuth(s) (degrees)

120, ^30, 1 165

075, 1 165

090, 1 165

090, *165

090, *165

060, ^20, 1 165

045, 1 135

045, *135--

Calculated azimuth

(degrees)

291.70

83.28

91.10

94.86

96.19

293.07

287.58

2121.43--

True anisotropy

(ratio)

2 1.1506

1.2992

1.3937

1.4427

1.4447

1.3307

2 1.1852

2 1.0861--

Secondary porosity (percent)

15.22

14.62

15.09

15.03

29.19

-

-

Comments

090° (degrees) assumed for secondary porosity calculations

Several azimuths with similar minimum values

Several azimuths with similar minimum values

Five azimuths between 40.0 and 46.1 ohm-meters(with the maximum of 143.8 ohm-meters

Two distinct feature directions;105° assumed for secondary porosity calculations;values may be low becasue of the shape of the square

~

Square was not collected

Secondary azimuth. 2May not be accurate (especially if there are multiple azimuths).

Appendix 6 143

The data collected at this site were difficult to process and model. The data for each azimuthal array display an irregular, nonanisotropic pattern. The maximum and mini mum resistivities are not perpendicular in any of the arrays. The data may indicate the presence of cultural noise, and (or) the presence of fractures in multiple orientations.

Increased numbers of measurements at each position and azimuth would have increased the usefulness of the field data. The raw data values are low and did not stabilize for some of the position. A larger number of measurements (six or eight, as opposed to four) could have provided a more accurate mean value. The drift in the data may be related to the presence of electrical noise at the site.

Site 2At the interchange of Stone Quarry Road and U.S. Route 20 (SQR)[--, not analyzed or no comments]

Square size

(meters)

4.22


000

Calculated azimuth

(degrees)

10.55

True anisotropy

(ratio)

1.0438


2.20 Azimuth is 000° (d

Comments

legrees). It is corroborated by the

000, ^20

dip in 015° and the high values of 090° and 105°

122.50 1.0187 1.08 Azimuth 000° is less resistive than 120°, and 090° ismore resistive than 030°. The values of the 015° and 105° azimuths assist in the 000° azimuth. 000° is assumed for calculating the specific porosity

8.5

1214.424

34

48

68

135135135

135, ^30, ^90-

030, 1 IQ5, 1 06Q

60, ! 135

153.81

123.94125.55135.93-

2 104.55

2 105.20

1.0187

1.02661.02611.0141-

2 1.0097

2 1.0261

.54

.46

.46

.20--

2 .08

May be closer to 150° or 165°-- --

Unable to obtain meaningful azimuthal data

105° assumed for secondary porosity calculations

The secondary maximum, 105°, is perpendicular to themaximum 01 5°

Secondary azimuth.2May not be accurate (especially if there are multiple azimuths).

These data were originally collected on May 22, 1996, but the 000° azimuth data accidentally were deleted. Azimuths 000° and 015° were recollected on June 27, 1996. There is a static difference in the values of the azimuthal data collected on the two different dates. The data for the 000° azimuth were normalized by comparing the difference in the 000° and 015° azimuths collected on June 27, 1996 and applying this difference to the data collected on May 22, 1996. The values of 000° are approximated by compar ing them to the two different versions of 015°. This azimuth is, at best, uncertain, and possibly incorrect. No parts of the interpretation are based solely on the 000° or 090° azimuths.

Data sets sqrBOOO.dat and sqrXOOO.dat were collected on the same day. The purpose of sqrBOOO.dat was to help determine the reproducibility of the data. All data matches up well except the beta square 4. The X-resistance value is roughly double the B-resistance value. This difference is not reflected in the alpha or gamma values and may be the result of cultural interference, field error, or an increase in the injected current.

The data at this site seems to be more precise than that collected at the Parson's Casket Hardware Superfund site, but taking six or eight measurements would have improved the usefulness of and assistance with the interpre tation of the field data.


SiteSIn a cornfield immediately north of the Irene Road Quarry (IRQ)[ , no comments]

Square size

(meters)4.22

6

8.5

1214.4

24

3448

68


045

060, 1 Q15, 1 120

060

060, 1 015, 1 120

045, ^IS, 1 120

045

045045

150

Calculated azimuth

(degrees)62.05

67.20

56.85

53.6651.16

51.66

45.6634.57

160.50

True anisotropy

(ratio)1.0388

1.0294

1.0283

1.04061.0466

1.0639

1.05651.0443

1.0557


1.35

.82

.52

.55

.55

.51

.40

.26

.32

Comments

--

Actual orientation between 045° (degrees) and 060°

Actual orientation between 045° and 060°



No obvious secondary features~-

The true azimuth is probably between 150° and 165°. This may be a feature created by the quarry or possibly a layer of different material

Secondary feature.

The data from this site may reflect the effects of the adjacent quarry (within about 520 feet). The blasting and (or) removal of quarried material could alter the stress field and create openings in fracture sets that might not be repre sentative of regional conditions.

REFERENCES

Lane, J.W., Haeni, P.P., and Watson, W.M., 1995, Use of a square-array direct-current resistivity method to detect fractures in crystalline bedrock in New Hampshire: Ground Water, v. 33, no. 3, p. 476-485.

Appendix 6 145

Parson's Casket Square ArrayStone Quarry Rd. @ Rt.20 synth. comp.

345330 30

315 45

300 60

285

270

255 105

240 120

225 135

210 150195 1 go 165

-*- 4.22 -

-«- 24.01 -

-*- 6.03 -H

^ 33.92 -i

^-8.49

- 48.06 -3

12.03-*--

J- 67.89

14.40

HP^ ^w^ H » PI ^N^ ^ta^ ^Ni^ H H n w ^IB^ ^Wg ^Bwi ^^W ^tf K ilk II il ^w<w jf

Parson's Casket Hardware Composite

345330 30

315 45

300 60

270

255

240 120

225 135

210 150

180 165

4.22

-*- 14.40

6.03 8.49

24.01 -T 33.92

12.03

48.06

Parson's Casket Square ArrayParson's Casket Hardware 48m Square

345

330 30

315 45

300 60

270

255

240 120

225 135

210 150

Resistivity (ohm-meters)

Parson's Casket Square ArrayStone Quarry Rd.@ Rt.20 68m Square

345

330

300

270

255

240

225

210

30

45

60

105

120

135

150195 1go 165


Parson's CasketIrene Road Quarry

quare ArrayComposite

1530

45

60

105

240 120

225 135

210 150195 180 165

4.22 6.03

24.01 -T- 33.92

8.49 12.03 -*- 14.40

48.06 -*- 67.89

ISO

Parson's Casket Square ArrayIrene Road Quarry 68m Square

345330 30

315 45

300 0

285

270 i

255 105

120

225 135

210 150


737

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